牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案

牛津高二英语模块五Unit2语法教学案U2 语法现在分词现在分词是非谓语动词中的一种，它运用广泛、灵活，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。

一、现在分词的各种形式及物动词(rite)不及物动词(g) 形式主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式ritingbeing rittenging完成式having rittenHaving been rittenhaving gne1、现在分词的一般式：表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时或者几乎同时发生。

①She sat there_________________________她坐在那儿看书。

②________________________, he shut the dr 进了房间，他关上门。

2、现在分词的完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

①_________________________fr an ears, he tld us a lt f things abut the it 在那儿住了多年，他告诉了我们关于这个城市的很多事情。

②________________fr ten iles, the felt ver tired 走了十英里路，他们感觉非常疲劳。

3、现在分词的主动式：表示主动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是主谓关系。

①______________________, he stas at he t rest 因为身体不好，他呆在家里休息。

②___________________________, he pratied the pian 做完了作业，他练习钢琴。

4、现在分词的被动式：表示被动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是被动关系。

①____________________, the building ls ver beautiful 重建之后，这座建筑看上去很漂亮。

②________________near a fire, the et lthes ill dr quil 挂在火炉旁，衣服很快就干了。

、现在分词的否定式：由nt后接分词构成。

①___________________hat t d, e ased hi fr help 由于不知道怎么办才好，我们找他帮忙。

②____________________the rd, he ased the teaher t explain t hi 由于不明白这个词是什么意思，他让老师给他解释。

6、现在分词短语：现在分词及其所跟的状语或宾语一起叫做现在分词短语如: ring hard, helping thers 二、现在分词的句法作用1、作补足语现在分词充当宾语补足语时，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。

现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前。

⑴常见的可以跟复合宾语的感官动词有see, hear, ath, listen t , ntie, bserve, sell, l at 等以及ae, have, get, eep, leave, ath 等使役动词。

如：The teaher aught a b student heating in the exa 老师发现一个小男孩在考试中作弊。

(a b student 与heat 之间是主动关系) hildren lie t ath agiians________________________________________ 孩子们喜欢看魔术师表演魔术_________________________________________我们经常看见他被他爸爸打。

⑵位于ith 复合结构中。

注意根据宾语的关系确定选用过去分词或现在分词。

如：ith a gd ah instruting us , e are sure t in the ath 如果一个好教练指导我们，我们一定会赢得比赛的。

(a gd ah 与instruting 之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系) ith the nise____________ (g n),he uldn’t d his her外面有吵杂声他无法做作业。

ith the her____________(finish), he as alled t pla ftball 2、作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系。

选用分词时，一定要看分词与其逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的关系，如果表示与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生，即选用现在分词的一般式；如果分词的动作先于谓语动作而发生，就用分词的完成式。

现在分词作状语时，一般在句子中充当时间、原因、方式或伴随、结果等状语。

⑴表示时间___________________,she sa an abulane driving up她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过。

____________________,he ade up his ind t enter到了那，他决定进去。

⑵表示原因______________________________________________________,I uldn’t get in tuh ith hi 由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法与她取得联系。

_____________________________________________________, he hasn’t gt uh ne left 由于失业时间长了，他没剩下多少钱_____________________________,e’d better g t listen t hi既然已经请了他给我们做报告，我们最好还是去听听。

⑶表示伴随或方式Helen as sitting b the ind,__________________________海伦正坐在窗子旁，看一本小说。

A rd f hildren ran ut f the lassr,_______________________________一群小孩有说有笑的从教室跑了出去。

⑷表示结果His parents died,_________________________他父母死了，给他留下很多钱。

At night, rads are brightl lit,__________________________________夜晚灯光把马路照得很亮，使行人和车辆畅通无阻。

注：现在分词做状语时，有时前面有一个名词或代词作它逻辑上的主语，使现在分词表示的动作不是由句子的主语执行，而是由该逻辑主语执行，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词称为独立主格结构。

如：Tie peritting, e’ll visit the histr useu________________________________________n bus, e had t al he没有公共汽车了，我们只好步行回家。

e explred the aves,________________________ 由Peter作向导，我们探察了这些洞穴。

_____________________,the librar as ut由于今天是假日，图书馆关门了。

_____________________,the trees turned green春天了，树都绿了。

3、作定语分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后，其逻辑主语就是所修饰的名词或代词，表示逻辑主语发出的动作。

单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词或代词之前。

现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。

a sleeping hild _____________ _______________________ 等候着的观众 a aling ditinar_________________ _______________________ 自水_________________________ 困惑不解的表情The an __________________ is T’s father跟我们校长谈话的那个人是T的父亲。

There ere se hildren _______________ in the river有些小孩子在河里游泳。

_________________________________________________正在建的那座大楼是我们公的。

4、作表语现在分词作表语，表示主主发出的动作。

需注意ause, bre, disappint, disurage,exite, fasinate, freeze, frighten, hrrif, inspire, interest, ve, surprise, tuh 等动词常用其现在分词和过去分词形式作表语。

现在分词表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人……的”；过去分词表示主语的状态，意思是“感到……的”。

It is ver_____________(enurage) t have s an peple attending the eeting hat u have tld e is ver_____________(surprise) The usi sunds______________(exite) He said that in a ___________(treble) and ______________(frighten) vie语法随堂练习(6)一、选择题( )1 in the queue fr half an hur, T suddenl realized that he had left his allet at he A T ait B Have aited Having aited D T have aited ( ) 2 Suddenl, a tall an driving a glden arriage the girl and t her aa, ___int the ds A seizing ; disappeared B seized ; disappeared seizing ; disappearing D seized ; disappearing ( ) 3 ______fr ther ntinents fr illins f ears, Australia has an plants and anials nt fund in an ther untr in the rld A Being separated B Having separated Having been separated D T be separated ( ) 4 _______ the prgrae ，the have t sta there fr anther t ees A Nt pleting B Nt pleted Nt having pleted D Having nt pleted ( ) He led arund and aught a an his hand int the pet f a passenger A put B t be putting t put Dputting ( ) 6 A ill be iediatel fired if he is fund in the ithen A se B sing t se D se ( ) 7 He glaned ver at her, that thugh she as tin, she seeed ver ell put tgether A nting B nted t nte D having nted ( ) 8 ,the re expensive the aera, the better its qualit A General speaing B Speaing general Generall speaing D Speaing generall ( ) 9 Dadd didn’t ind hat e ere ding, as lng as e ere tgether, fun A had B have t have D having ( ) 10 The bell the end f the perid rang, ur heated disussin A indiating; interrupting B indiated; interrupting indiating; interrupted D indiated; interrupted ( ) 11 It is believed that if a b is it ill surel the reader A interested; interest B interesting; be interested interested; be interesting D interesting; interest ( )12 There as a terrible nise the sudden burst f light A flled B flling t be flled D being flled ( )13 This nes sunds A enuraging B enuraged enurage D t enurage ( )14 The nest rning she fund the an in bed , dead A ling B lie la D laing ( )1 If u ave u b in frnt f ur fae, u an feel the air against ur fae A ved B ving ves D t ve ( )16 Eurpean ftball is plaed in 80 untries, it the st ppular sprt in the rld A aing B aes ade D t ae ( )17 a repl, he deided t rite again A Nt reeiving B Reeiving nt Nt having reeived D Having nt reeived( )18 “an’t u read?” ar said t the ntie A angril pinting B and pint angril angril pinted D and angril pinting( )19 The visiting inister expressed his satisfatin ith the tals , that he had ened his sta here A having added B t add adding D added ( )20 The raila in ur untr ill hange ur life a lt A having been built B being built building D t build ( )21 There n buses, e had t al he A being B as having D had ( )22 a letter, sene ned at the dr A hile riting B hile I as riting Having ritten D During riting ( )23 The piture n the all is painted b nephe A having hung B hanging hangs D being hung ( )24 Standing n tp f the building , A the hle it uld be seen B nthing uld be seen e uld see the hle it D all uld be seen ( )2 The salesan slded the girl aught and let her ff A t have stlen B t be stealing t steal D stealing ( )26 hen I gt ba he I sa a essage pinned t the dr “Srr t iss u, ill all later” A read B reads t read D reading二、用所给词的适当形式填空1 _________(hear) the nes, the gt exited2 The up drpped t the grund,____________(brea) int piees 3______________(suffer)suh heav pllutin alread, it a n be t late t lean up the river 4_______________(be) ill, he didn’t tae part in the sprts eeting The str left,_________________(ause) a lt f daage 6________________(nt n) hat t d, he turned t his teaher fr help 7The b ling there as fund_____________(beat)bla and blue all ver 8The result is fund ver_______________(satisf) 9If ___________(ait) fr a hile, u an get the result 10I sa the______________(hisper) t eah ther, bviusl the didn’t ant t be heard 11The pret________________(plete) next nth needs re peple t help 12The high building____________(build) there is eant fr the ld ithut hildren It is expeted t be finished in a ear 13____________(finish)the b, the ent t the seashre fr a relaxatin 14______________(udge) b her last letter, the are having a nderful tie 1An aident happened esterda,_____________(ae) hi badl hurt 16hile___________(rss) the street, u shuld espeiall be areful。