2.1 Emerge
大学英语三模拟题
⼤学英语三模拟题东华⼤学20__-20__学年第__学期期末试题踏实学习，弘扬正⽓；诚信做⼈，诚实考试；作弊可耻，后果⾃负College English Achievement TestBand 3（易班）Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%)Directions: In this part, there is a passage followed by ten statements. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and decide whether each of the statements is true or false, or that the information is not given in the passage. Then mark the answer on the Answer Sheet.Renewable EnergyHow does energy use affect the environment?All forms of electricity generation have some level of environmental impact. However, clean energy technologies, including renewable energy and combined heat and power, have fewer impacts than other sources of electricity generation.To learn about the environmental impacts of electricity generation technologies, click on an energy source below.How clean is the electricity I use?In the United States, electricity is generated in many different ways, with a wide variation in environmental impact. Traditional methods of electricity production contribute to air quality problems and the risk of global climate change.With the advent of electric customer choice, many electricity customers can now choose the source of their electricity. In fact, you might now have the option of choosing cleaner, more environmentally friendly sources of energy.How can I make a difference?The energy decisions we make every day can encourage the development of new power sources, save natural resources, and help ensure that the quality of our environment is preserved. In many parts of the country, consumers now have the opportunity to choose the source of the power that is delivered to their home or business—including energy derived from renewable sources. "Renewable energy" generally refers to electricity supplied from renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power (energy supplied by the sun), geothermal (energy created from the extreme heat contained in liquid rock—called magma（岩浆）—within the Earth's core), hydropower (energy derived from the movement of water as it flows downstream), and various forms of biomass (fuel from sources such as trees, wood and agricultural wastes and fuel crops). These energy sources are considered renewable because they are continuously replenished on the Earth.In addition, mobile sources of air pollution—such as cars, trucks, trains and lawnmowers—also contribute to air pollution nationwide and are an important source of air pollution in many urban areas.Hydrogen EnergyUsing hydrogen energy could help address many concerns facing our nation and our world. We believe hydrogen can contribute to resolving these issues for these reasons:Firstly, hydrogen can be made from a variety of domestic feedstocks like water, biomass, coal and natural gas.Second, hydrogen is non-toxic（⽆毒的）, non-poisonous and will not contribute to groundwater pollution. It does not create "fumes" or other harmful emissions; in fact, using hydrogen in fuel cells produces only electricity and pure water.Furthermore, hydrogen is a key enabler for the development and more widespread implementation of renewable energy technologies, resulting in cleaner and more efficient products in the marketplace.Fifty million tons of hydrogen is produced each year worldwide, with nine million tons being consumed in the U.S. The challenge is to bring hydrogen into the everyday lives of customers as they begin to use hydrogen-powered vehicles and other applications.Geothermal EnergyOur earth's interior—like the sun—provides heat energy from nature. This heat—geothermal energy—yields warmth and power that we can use without polluting the environment. Geothermal heat originates from Earth's fiery consolidation of dust and gas over 4 billion years ago. At earth's core—4,000 miles deep—temperatures may reach over 9,000 degrees F.Solar EnergySunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses. After the 1973 oil embargo（禁运）, there was a resurgence（复苏，波动再起）of interest in solar energy. Faced with a possibility of scarce oil resources, the United States government allocated $400 million per year, from a mere $1 million per year, for solar energy research. The expenditure is small compared to the expenditure on nuclear research. Currently, there is a need for allocating increased resources in solar research. Compared to the old forms of reducible energy (coal, oil, nuclear), solar energy offers a clean renewable form of energy. This presentation will provide an overview of the past, present and future of solar energy.Wind EnergyWe have been harnessing the wind's energy for hundreds of years. From old Holland to farms in the United States, windmills have been used for pumping water or grinding grain. Today, the windmill's modern equivalent—a wind turbine（涡轮机）—can use the wind's energy to generate electricity.Wind turbines, like windmills, are mounted on a tower to capture the most energy. At 100 feet (30 meters) or more aboveground, they can take advantage of the faster and less turbulent wind. Turbines catch the wind's energy with their propeller-like blades. Usually, two or three blades are mounted on a shaft to form a rotor（旋转部分，旋转器）.A blade acts much like an airplane wing. When the wind blows, a pocket of low-pressure air forms on the downwind side of the blade. The low-pressure air pocket then pulls the blade toward it, causing the rotor to turn. This is called lift. The force of the lift is actually much stronger than the wind's force against the front side of the blade, which is called drag. The combination of lift and drag causes the rotor to spin like a propeller, and the turning shaft spins a generator to make electricity.Wind turbines can be used as stand-alone applications, or they can be connected to a utility power grid（蓄电池电极板）or even combined with a photovoltaic（光电的）(solar cell) system. For utility-scale sources of wind energy, a large number of wind turbines are usually built closetogether to form a wind plant. Several electricity providers today use wind plants to supply power to their customers. Ocean Energy BasicsThe ocean can produce two types of energy: thermal energy from the sun's heat, and mechanical energy from the tides and waves.Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. The sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Just a small portion of the heat trapped in the ocean could power the world.Ocean thermal energy is used for many applications, including electricity generation. There are three types of electricity conversion systems: closed-cycle, open-cycle, and hybrid（混合的）. Closed-cycle systems use the ocean's warm surface water to vaporize a working fluid, which has a low-boiling point, such as ammonia（氨）. The vapor expands and turns a turbine. The turbine then activates a generator to produce electricity. Open-cycle systems actually boil the seawater by operating at low pressures. This produces steam that passes through a turbine/generator. And hybrid systems combine both closed-cycle and open-cycle systems.Ocean mechanical energy is quite different from ocean thermal energy. Even though the sun affects all ocean activities, tides are driven primarily by the gravitational pull of the moon, and waves are driven primarily by the winds. As a result, tides and waves are intermittent（间歇的，断断续续的）sources of energy, while ocean thermal energy is fairly constant. Also, unlike thermal energy, the electricity conversion of both tidal and wave energy usually involves mechanical devices.1.Renewable energy has no environmental impact.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.2.The energy decisions electricity customers in the U. S. made can help ensure environmenta. True.b. False.c. Not given.3.Annually fifty million tons of hydrogen can be produced and consumed in the U. S.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.4.Faced with scarce oil resources, the United States government spends $400 million per year on solar energy research, which is much more than that on nuclear research.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.5.Wind energy is the oldest form of energy which has been harnessed for hundreds of years.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.6.Utility-scale sources of wind energy can be combined with a photovoltaic system to form a wind plant.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.7.Ocean mechanical energy differs from ocean thermal energy in that the former is intermittent while the latter is constant.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.8.In the United States, many electricity customers now have no opportunity to choose the source(s) of energy.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.9.In many urban areas, mobile sources of air pollution are an important source of air pollution.a. True.b. False.10.Hydrogen plays a key role in developing and implementing renewable energy technologies.a. True.b. False.c. Not given.Part II Listening Comprehension (35%)Section A ConversationsDirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. After each short conversation, you will hear a question, choose the one which best answers the question. And after each long conversation, decide whether the statements are true or false. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.11 a. To study fashion designing.b. To look at pretty girls.c. To review lessons for an exam.d. To collect material for a classroom presentation.12 a. The mother is a good teacher.b. The father will have an important meeting.c. The boy's parents have divorced.d. The boy has a girlfriend now.13 a. The man thinks negatively about it while the woman thinks positively.b. The woman thinks negatively about it while the man thinks positively.c. Both the man and the woman think negatively about it.d. Both the man and the woman think positively about it.14 a. The man dislikes them while the woman sympathizes with them.b. The woman dislikes them while the man sympathizes with them.c. Both the man and the woman dislike them.d. Both the man and the woman sympathize with them.15 a. He can't remember people by sight. b. He can't remember people by name.c. He has a terrible memory for football.d. He has a hard time recognizing names.16 a. It got lost. b. It was delivered too late.c. It contains the customer's complaints.d. It contains a business secret.17 a. She has good qualifications for the job. b. She is faced with many challenges.c. She is a skilled worker.d. She is quick to learn.18 a. Only the Internet will bring you the mate you want.b. Your best chance of finding true love is through the Internet.c. One should never use the Internet to find a husband.d. Many women would be happy to be rid of their husbands.Long conversation One19 After 14 years’ of marriage, the woman i s divorcing her husband.a. trueb. false.20. The woman’s husband is still paying the bills of the family.a. trueb. false.21. The woman is complaining that their family is too poor to own a car.a. trueb. false.22. The woman is not going to give her husband joint custody in this marriage.a. trueb. false.Long Conversation Two23 The man plans to have the brochures distributed at the party.a. trueb. false.24 The man does not follow the woman’s advice.a. trueb. false.25 The woman is not eager to make contact with new clients.a. trueb. false.Section B PassagesDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. After each passage, you will hear some questions. After you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the one which best answers the question.Passage One26 a. Your past and present. b. Your present and future.c. Your past and future.d. All of the above.27 a. I don't have any. b. I have one.c. Let me think.d. I do have some.28 a. You are especially good at dealing with customers.b. You are especially good at learning customers' needs.c. You should praise the job advertisement.d. You should relate your strengths to the job requirements. Passage Two29 a. He worked out every day.b. To save time he did not even brush his teeth.c. He used his spare time to memorize new terms.d. He read actively and thought deeply.30 a. One who asks many questions for full understanding.b. One who focuses on the most difficult parts of a book.c. One who reads extensively.d. One who reads fast and understands everything.31 a. How do bottom students become top students.b. How to educate super-achievers.c. The strong and weak points of some top students.d. Secrets of successful students.Passage Three32 a. 28%. b. 36%. c. 16%. d. 8%.33 a. The health classes at school.b. Professional help.c. Fellow students' encouragement to quit.d. Parents' warnings.34 a. The rate of teenagers dying from cancer has increased.b. The rate of teenagers who cannot give up smoking has increased.c. More than one-fourth of teenagers still smoke.d. Nearly one-fourth of teenagers still smoke.35 a. The reasons for combating teen smoking and possible solutions.b. The necessity of combating teen smoking and future work.c. The success in combating teen smoking and the remaining problem.d. The problems in combating teen smoking in spite of the limited success.Section C Spot DictationDirections: In this section you will hear some movie clips. The clips will be played three times. Listen carefully and fill in the missing words.Clip1A voice shouting: Come on! Yah!Danielle: Oh, no, you don't….Thief! This will teach you to steal S1__________!The Prince: Mine slipped his shoe. I have no choice.Danielle: And our choice is what? To let you?The Prince: I was really borrowing it.Danielle: Get out, or I'll wake the house.The Prince: Ow!Danielle: Forgive me, Your Highness. I S2__________.The Prince: Your aim would suggest otherwise.Danielle: And for that I know S3__________.The Prince: Then er...speak of this to no-one and er...I shall be lenient.Danielle: We have other horses, Highness. Younger, if that is your wish.The Prince: I wish for S4__________ to be free of my gilded cage. For your silence.Clip2Danielle: I wish to address the issue of this gentleman.S5__________ and I am here to pay the debt against him.The soldier: It’s too late, he's paid for.Danielle: I can pay you 20 gold francs.The soldier: You can have me for 20 gold francs. Now, drive on!Danielle: I demand you release him at once, or I shall take this matter to the King.The soldier: The King is the one that sold him. He's now the property of Cartier.Danielle: He is S6__________, you ill-mannered tub of guts.Do you think it right to chain people like chattel? I demand you release him at once! The soldier: Get out of my way!The Prince: (You) dare raise your voice to a lady, sir?The soldier: Your Highness. Forgive me, Sire.I meant no disrespect. It's just er...I'm following orders. It's my job to take thesecriminals of thieves to the coast.Danielle: A servant is not a thief, Your Highness. And those who are S7__________.The Prince: Really? Well, then. By all means, enlighten us.Danielle: If you suffer your people to be ill-educated and their manners corrupted from infancy and then punish them for thosecrimes to which their first education disposed them, whatelse is to be concluded, Sire, but that you first make thieves and S8__________?The Prince: Well, S9__________. Release him.The soldier: But, Sire...The Prince: I said. Release him!The soldier: Yes, Sire.The old man: I thought I was looking at your mother.Danielle: Meet me at the bridge. S10__________! We will leave at once!I thank you, Your Highness.Part III Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions:In this section there are two passages. Each passage is followed by some comprehension questions. Read the passages and answer the questions. Then, mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1I hear many parents complain that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away, from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are holding one another's hands for reassurance（放⼼）。
电梯应急处置平台技术规范(行业标准)
本标准为首次发布。
电梯应急处置平台技术规范
1范围
1.1本标准规定了电梯应急处置平台的数据归集、平台建设和运行服务等方面的通用技术要求，内容主要 包括范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、总则、数据要求、技术要求和运行要求七个部分。
实施医疗救治。
6.4硬件系统
6.4.1一般要求
6.4.1.1硬件系统应由呼叫系统、大屏显示系统、计算机网络系统、综合布线系统和不间断电源系统组成。
6.4.1.2计算机网络系统、综合布线系统和不间断电源系统应为呼叫系统和大屏显示系统提供良好的线 路及供电保障。
6.4.1.3硬件系统应满足运行稳定、抗干扰等相应防护要求。
GB22239信息系统安全等级保护基本要求
GB50174电子信息系统机房设计规范
GB50311综合布线系统工程设计规范
GB/T7024电梯、自动扶梯、自动人行道术语
GB/T7408数据和交换格式信息交换日期和时间表示法
TSG T5001电梯使用管理与维护保养规则
中华人民共和国特种设备安全法
特种设备安全监察条例
附录B应急处置平台处置流程12
附录C基础信息数据元格式和数据归集13
附录D电梯故障原因分类18
附录E数据接口20
附录F响应消息25
附录G应急处置工作规范26
附录H应急处置救援操作规范.29
附录I应急处置特殊情况处置规范 …….31
附录J呼叫系统和值班人数配置…….34
附录K电梯应急处置平台硬件参数指标.35
e）报表定制功能，应支持客服日常工作报表（在线时长、小休时长、置忙时间等）、话务数据报表
全新版本大学英语综合教程2课后练习答案详解.doc
全新版本大学英语综合教程2课后练习答案详解.docKey to Exercises of College English Book 2 全新版大学英 (第二版 )合教程 2 后答案Unit 1★Text AVocabularyI.insert2) on occasion3) investigate 4) In retrospect5) initial6) phenomena7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting10) not?in the least 11) promote12) emerged2.1) There is a striking contrast between the standardsof living in the north of the country and the south.2)Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3)The city’s importance as a financial center hasevolved slowly.4)His nationality is not relevant to whether he is agood lawyer.5)The poems by a little-known sixteenth-centuryItalian poet have found their way into someEnglish magazines.3.1) be picked up, can’taccomplish, am exaggerating2)somewhat, performance, have neglected, theyapply to3)assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superiorII.1.1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous2. 1) principal2) principal3) principle4) principles 5) principalIII.1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExerciseI. Cloze1. 1) contrast2) exaggerating3) priority 4) on the other hand5) promoting6) pick up7) assist8) accomplish 9) on occasion10) neglecting11) worthwhile12) superior2. 1) end2) perform3) facing 4) competent5) equipped6) designed7) approach8) rest 9) definitely10) qualityII. Translation1.1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to makea departure from the tradition.2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was boldenough to give a performance in front of a largeaudience.3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4)Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece,do you think it ’sworthwhile to buy/purchase it 5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing,listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-writtenessays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of goodEnglish writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, wecan figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce themost desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in duecourse accomplish the task of mastering English.★Text BComprehension check: c c d a c bLanguage Practice1. g h e c f a b d2. 1) adopt2) account 3) from your point of view 4) ended up 5) furthermore 6) fund 7) annual 8) keeping track of 9) pace 10) intends 11) perspective 12) deviseUnit 2★ Text AVocabularyI. 1. 1) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear 5) dated6）consequences 7）seemingly 8) in contrast to9) Curiosity 10) genuine 11) primarily 12)sentiments2.1) When you are confronted with more than oneproblem, try to solve the easiest one first.2)Water is vital to the existence of all forms of life.3)There is still some confusion among the studentsabout what to do after class to follow up on thesubject.4)As a person of simple living habits, he needsnothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5)It tickled him to think that she’d come to as his advice.3.1) a lingering, fabricating, sentiments2)fill out, every item, vital, consequences3)be denied, tangible, cherish, attainII.1.It’sa long trip and will take u s five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’ttake me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5.My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arcticthis summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don’ttake my advice, you will regret it.III.1. hanging2. to give3. to return4. beingpraised 5. not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helped Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4) bracket 5)deny6) tangible 7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt11) focus 12) donations2. 1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically 6) security7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) followsII.Translation1.1) The company denied that its donations had acommercial purpose.2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin tostammer slightly.3)Education is the most cherished tradition in ourfamily. That’swhy my parents never took me todinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to thebest private school.4)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he losthis job and thus had to go through another difficultphase of his life.5)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parentsare rather poor, but they have always tried hardto meet our minimal needs.2. With more and more donations coming in, ouruniversity will be much better off financially next year.We will thus be able to focus on the most importanttask that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsibleindividuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well asmaterial satisfaction.★ Text BComprehension Check:b b d c d dLanguage Practice1. f c g e b a h d2. 1) stunned 2) hold (fast) to 3) folks 4)generosity 5) discount 6) liable7) ranks 8) on the run 9) make up 10)blends in 11) by all accounts 12) comes into contact withUnit 3★Text AVocabularyI.1．1) typical 2)dumb 3) junior 4) glorious 5) welfare 6)came over 7) interference 8)fading9) narrowed down 10) frank 11)schemes12) at any rate2.1) The Security council consists of five generals andfour police officers.2)The new hotel will be in a location overlooking thelake.3)I was humiliated by her comments about myfamily background in front of so many people.4)Do you have any proof that it was Henry whostole the computer5)the boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride. 3.1) hysterical; was handed down; should haveknown better than2)twisted, over and over, talented son3)patience, not to keep him in suspense, assured,repeatedlyII.1. adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5.crazy 6. likely 7. fortunate 8. keenIII.1. be admitted2. live3. be postponed4.buy 5. be banned 6. beComprehensive ExerciseI. 1. 1) typical 2) welfare 3) constant 4) frank5) talent 6) dumb7) know better than that 8) repeatedly 9) dread10) interference 11) bet 12) assure2. 1) despite 2) really 3) same 4)contact 5) admitted 6) attempt7) not 8) tend 9) different 10)mannerII. Translation1.1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars2)The planning committee has narrowed down thepossible locations for the nuclear power plant totwo coastal towns.3)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4)A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unisonthat Mary was guilty.5) Sean felt humiliated ti hear his talent being questioned.2. George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening toheavy metal music in the evenings, which made ithard for other residents in the community to fallasleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. Theycalled Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them thathe would certainly settle the issue. As soon as heput down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you You should know better than todisturb others for your own amusement. ”In the end George traded his CD’s for computer gamessoftware from his classmates.★ Text BComprehension Check:b a b c d a Language Practice1. d e f g a b h c2. 1) and he like 2) popularity3) had been kept inthe dark 4) define 5) was aware of 6)relate7)were up to 10)mobile 12) interviewed8) trend11)comments9)opportunityUnit 4★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) conversely2). but then3) symptom 4) spitting5) abusing6) tone7) took?in8) editing9) have arranged 10) in sight 11) stretched12) data2.1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)A lot of American teenagers don’tlike street gangs,but they find themselves getting sucked in.3)Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning.The manager has arranged for a technicianfrom the computer store to check and repair it.4)During the Vietnam War, many young Americansfled their country to avoid military service/fled toother countries to avoid military service.5)The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restorepeople’sconfidence in it.3. 1) the virtual, on line, via 2) nightmare, routine, any appointment, arrange for3) cue, remarks, his tuneII.1. We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vocation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’tworry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III. 1. hard 2. difficult 3. impossible 4. tough 5. hard 6. easy1.1) internet 2) click 3) virtual 4) routines 5)arrange 6) nightmare 7) annoying 8) connection 9) crawls 10) take in 11) spit 12)data 13) sucked into 14) At times 15) flee16) on line2. 1) companion 2) deliver 3) access 4) enables 5)customers 6) delights 7) provides 8) small 9) remote 10) informationII.Translation1.1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connecting speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data froma completely different angle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work fromhome on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write，submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse,I can get all the data I need and keep up with thelatest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system maycrash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.★Text BComprehension Check: c a a b d cLanguage Practice1．d e a c b f g h2 ． 1) vehicle2) hooked on3)intense4)worldwide5)overnight6)slipped7) on the whole8) called forth9) outwards10)Needless to say11) to my knowledge12)On top of thatUnit 5★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) startled 2) mere 3) motion4) sweating5)stretched6) vain7) On one occasion8) anxiety 9) emotions10) ashamed11) In mymind’seye12) recurring2. 1) Mrs. White’s birthday coincides with her husband’s.2)They make big profits on the stuff they sell bycreating an artificial shortage, which send s theprices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4)Politics and philosophy have been his lifelongpassions, although he studied economics atuniversity.5)Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3. 1) media, dedication to, grace 2) his competitors, in excitement, hug him, congratulate him on3) emotions, numerous, intensity, passion forII.1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have nodirect moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they growup in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’twork at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’tknow how to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) In my mind’seye 2) groan 3) competitor4) intensity 5) anxiety 6) tense7) sweat 8) tension 9) soaring 10)recurring 11) brought me back to earth12) fantasy 13) sweat 14) congratulate 15)numerous 16) media2. 1) engineer 2) forget 3) convinced 4) how 5) build 6) accident7) thought 8)only 9) sharp 10) touched 11) instructions 12) finallyII.Translation1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workersand executives that turned the company into aprofitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building.4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5)I don’twant to see my beloved grandmother lyingin a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2. Numerous facts bear out theargument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t/don ’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna, Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. Andthen I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from myshoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis”.★Text BComprehension Check:b c b b c aLanguage Practice1. a e d c b h f g2. 1) aid2) inclined3) in good health4) shortcomings5)penetrated6) dismiss 7)has suffered from8)progressive 9)optimistic 10)to a degree 11)hold on to12)installUnit 6★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) culture/cultural 2) indication 3) miniature 4) ironic 5) stumbled into 6) decent7) buzzing 8) abnormal 9) mechanical 10) Shuddering 11) implied 12) leap2.1) You can convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office a the airport.2)I figured she didn’t know the first thing aboutcooking as she looked puzzled as to how to cookrice with the rice cooker.3)The manager glowed with pleasure upon hearingthat in spite of their faulty equipment the teamhad accomplished some very useful work.4)I’m grateful to my company for allowing me to workflexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5)On seeing the comments made in the margins byprevious readers, Tom couldn’thelp thinking thebook must be quite fascinating.。
大学英语2课后翻译答案
大学英语2课后翻译答案大学英语2课后翻译答案【篇一：大学英语2课后翻译答案】。
their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。
the guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the american.3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。
johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。
while all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。
the letter is to be handed to dr. wilson himself.6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。
while she felt like joining in the argument, nancy was too shy to open her mouth.7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？what do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。
the hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid.1) 如果富有的国家多花些钱搞绿色工业，而不是去建立军事机器和制造核武器，当今许多广泛存在的污染问题将会逐渐消失。
2021年12月b级英语考试真题及答案
2021年12月b级英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12021 December B Level English Exam Questions and AnswersPart 1: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Read the following passages and answer the questions below.Passage 1The History of PizzaPizza, one of the most popular foods in the world, has a long and fascinating history. The modern pizza, as we know it today, originated in Naples, Italy in the 18th century. It was a simple dish made with a flatbread base, tomato sauce, and cheese.Question 1: Where did modern pizza originate?A. ParisB. New YorkC. NaplesD. LondonPassage 2Climate ChangeClimate change is a pressing issue that affects the entire planet. The increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, is leading to rising global temperatures and extreme weather events.Question 2: What is one of the main causes of climate change?A. DeforestationB. RecyclingC. Solar energyD. Nuclear powerPart 2: Writing (50 points)Write an essay on the topic: "The Importance of Education in Today's Society." Your essay should be at least 300 words long and include examples to support your arguments.Part 3: Listening Comprehension (50 points)Listen to the audio clips and answer the questions below.Audio Clip 1: A weather reportQuestion 3: What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?A. SunnyB. RainyC. CloudyD. SnowyAudio Clip 2: A conversation between two friendsQuestion 4: What are the friends planning to do next weekend?A. Go to a concertB. Have a picnicC. Watch a movieD. TravelAnswers:1. C. Naples2. A. Deforestation3. B. Rainy4. D. TravelOverall, the 2021 December B Level English Exam covers a range of topics from history and climate change to everyday conversations and weather forecasts. It aims to test students' reading, writing, and listening skills, providing a comprehensive assessment of their English proficiency. Good luck to all the test-takers!篇22021 B Level English Exam Questions and AnswersIn December 2021, the B Level English exam was conducted with a set of challenging yet comprehensive questions testing the candidates' proficiency in the language. Below are the questions along with the answers for your reference:Reading Comprehension:1. Read the following passage and answer the questions:"The global pandemic has caused significant disruption to economies worldwide. Governments have implemented various measures to mitigate the impact, such as stimulus packages and support for small businesses. However, the road to recoveryremains uncertain as new strains of the virus continue to emerge."Answer the following questions:- What has caused disruption to economies worldwide?Answer: The global pandemic has caused disruption to economies worldwide.- What measures have governments implemented to mitigate the impact?Answer: Governments have implemented stimulus packages and support for small businesses.- Why does the road to recovery remain uncertain?Answer: The road to recovery remains uncertain due to the emergence of new strains of the virus.2. Read the following passage and complete the sentences:"Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing our planet today. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting glaciers are all signs of the impact of human activity on the environment. It is crucial that we take immediate action to reduce our carbon footprint and protect the Earth for future generations."Complete the following sentences:- Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing our planet today due to...Answer: Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting glaciers.- Signs of the impact of human activity on the environment include...Answer: Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting glaciers.- It is crucial that we take immediate action to...Answer: reduce our carbon footprint and protect the Earth for future generations.Listening Comprehension:3. Listen to the audio clip and answer the questions:You will hear a conversation between two friends discussing their plans for the weekend.Questions:- What are the two friends planning to do on Saturday?Answer: They are planning to go hiking on Saturday.- Why can't they go to the movies on Sunday?Answer: They can't go to the movies on Sunday because all the shows are fully booked.- Where do they decide to have lunch?Answer: They decide to have lunch at their favorite pizza place.Writing Section:4. Write a short essay (150-200 words) on the topic: "The Importance of Education in Today's Society."Answer:Education plays a crucial role in shaping individuals' lives and societies at large. In today's rapidly evolving world, education is more important than ever before. It provides individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to adapt to changes, pursue their dreams, and contribute positively to society. Education empowers people to think critically, solve complex problems, and make informed decisions.Furthermore, education promotes social cohesion and harmony by fostering understanding, tolerance, and respect among individuals from diverse backgrounds. It helps breakdown barriers and build bridges between communities, creating a more inclusive and harmonious society.In conclusion, education is the key to unlocking a brighter future for individuals and societies. It is an essential tool for personal growth, social development, and economic progress. Therefore, investing in education should be a top priority for governments, organizations, and individuals alike.These are some of the questions and answers from the 2021 B Level English exam. Candidates are encouraged to practice similar questions to enhance their English language skills and prepare for future exams.篇32021 December B-level English Exam Questions and AnswersReading Comprehension1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The emergence of social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with one another. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have become integral parts of our daily lives, allowing us to connect with friends, family, andeven strangers from across the globe. However, the rise of social media has also raised concerns about privacy, cyberbullying, and the spread of misinformation.Questions:- What is the main topic of the passage?- What are some advantages of social media mentioned in the passage?- What are some concerns raised about social media in the passage?2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing our planet today. The burning of fossil fuels has led to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, which is causing global temperatures to rise. This has resulted in more frequent and severe weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves. It is crucial that we take immediate action to reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the effects of climate change.Questions:- What is the main topic of the passage?- What is causing global temperatures to rise?- Why is it important to take action on climate change?Listening Comprehension1. Listen to the following audio clip and answer the questions that follow.(Audio clip: A man is giving a presentation about the benefits of exercise.)Questions:- What are some benefits of regular exercise mentioned in the presentation?- How often does the speaker recommend exercising?2. Listen to the following audio clip and answer the questions that follow.(Audio clip: A woman is giving a guided meditation session.)Questions:- What is the purpose of the guided meditation session?- How does the speaker suggest listeners should breathe during the meditation?Writing1. Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic: "The Impact of Technology on Society". In your essay, discuss how technology has changed the way we live, work, and communicate, and what the positive and negative consequences of these changes are.2. Write a letter of complaint to a company about a faulty product or poor service you have received. In your letter, explain the issue you have encountered, how it has affected you, and what you would like the company to do to resolve the issue.Answers:1. Reading Comprehension:- The main topic of the passage is the impact of social media on communication.- Some advantages of social media mentioned in the passage are the ability to connect with others from across the globe and the ease of staying in touch with friends and family.- Some concerns raised about social media in the passage are privacy issues, cyberbullying, and the spread of misinformation.2. Listening Comprehension:- Some benefits of regular exercise mentioned in the presentation are improved physical health, reduced stress levels, and increased energy levels.- The speaker recommends exercising at least three times a week.3. Writing:- In the essay on the impact of technology on society, students should discuss how technology has changed various aspects of society, such as communication, work, and leisure activities, and analyze the positive and negative consequences of these changes.- In the letter of complaint, students should clearly explain the issue they have encountered with the faulty product or poor service, describe how it has affected them, and clearly state what they would like the company to do to resolve the issue.Overall, the December 2021 B-level English exam questions cover a range of topics related to communication, technology, and societal issues, challenging students to demonstrate their reading, listening, and writing skills.。
河北省英语中考2025年仿真试卷与参考答案
2025年河北省英语中考仿真试卷与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、You will hear a short conversation between two students about their plans for the weekend. Listen to the conversation and choose the correct option.Conversation:“Hey Tom, what are you up to this weekend?”“I’m planning to visit the new art exhibition downtown. How about you, Sarah?”“I’ll probably just catch up on some reading at home.”Question: What is Tom planning to do?A)Visit a friend.B)Go to an art exhibition.C)Catch up on some reading.Answer: B) Go to an art exhibition.Explanation: In the dialogue, Tom explicitly states that he’s planning to visit the new art exhibition downtown, making option B the correct answer.2、Listen to a short weather forecast and determine what the weather will be like tomorrow afternoon in the city center.Forecast:“Good evening, folks. Looking ahead to tomorrow, we can expect mostly sunny skies in the morning, but clouds will start rolling in by noon. By mid-afternoon, there’s a high chance of showers in the city center and surrounding areas.”Question: What will the weather be like tomorrow afternoon in the city center?A)Sunny all day.B)Cloudy with a chance of showers.C)Rainy from morning till night.Answer: B) Cloudy with a chance of showers.Explanation: The forecast indicates that while the morning will be mostly sunny, by mid-afternoon there is a high chance of showers in the city center, which matches option B.This section tests the students’ ability to comprehend spoken English and extract specific information from a conversation and a forecast.3、What are the speakers discussing?A)The weather forecast for the next week.B)The importance of exercise for health.C)The latest movie releases.Answer: B) The importance of exercise for health.Explanation: The conversation between the two speakers focuses on the benefits of regular exercise and how it contributes to overall health, which indicates that the topic is related to exercise and not weather or movies.4、How does the woman suggest the man improve his productivity at work?A)By taking longer breaks.B)By working longer hours.C)By organizing his workspace.Answer: C) By organizing his workspace.Explanation: The woman advises the man to organize his workspace to improve his efficiency and productivity, suggesting that a cluttered or disorganized environment might be hindering his work performance.5、You will hear a short conversation between two friends. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the following question.Question: What is the man’s favorite sport?A. BasketballB. FootballC. TennisD. None of the aboveAnswer: C. TennisExplanation: In the conversation, the man says, “I really enjoy playing tennis. It’s my favorite sport.” Therefore, the correct answer is C. Tennis.6、You will hear a news report about a recent event. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: What happened during the event?A. A fire broke out at the shopping center.B. A group of people gathered for a protest.C. An accident occurred on the highway.D. A festival was held in the park.Answer: B. A group of people gathered for a protest.Explanation: The news report states, “Today, a group of p eople gathered in the city center to protest against the new policy.” Therefore, the correct answer is B. A group of people gathered for a protest.7.Listen to the following dialogue and choose the best answer to the question.A. They are discussing a book.B. They are planning a trip.C. They are comparing their diets.Answer: BExplanation: The dialogue focuses on the speakers’ plans for their upcoming vacation, which indicates they are planning a trip.8.Listen to the following passage and answer the question.Question: What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To describe a new product.B. To provide information about a famous person.C. To explain the benefits of exercise.Answer: CExplanation: The passage discusses the various health benefits of regular physical activity, making option C the correct answer. The other options are not supported by the content of the passage.9、You will hear a conversation between two friends, Tom and Lucy. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.What is the main topic of their conversation?A. Tom’s new job.B. Lucy’s birthday party.C. Tom’s weekend plans.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation is mainly about Lucy’s birthday par ty. They discuss the location, time, and activities planned for the party.10、You will hear a short passage about climate change. Listen carefully and answer the question.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The increase in global temperatures.B. The melting of polar ice caps.C. The rise in sea level.Answer: BExplanation: The passage mentions the increase in global temperatures, the rise in sea level, and the negative effects of climate change. However, the melting of polar ice caps is not mentioned in the passage.11.You will hear a short conversation between two students about their weekend plans. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.What does the woman plan to do on Saturday?A)Visit her grandparents.B)Go shopping.C)Study for an exam.D)Travel to another city.Answer: C) Study for an exam.Explanation: The woman mentions that she has a big exam coming up on Monday, which suggests that her weekend plans include studying.12.You will hear a news report about a new health initiative in a major city. Listen carefully and answer the following question.What is the main goal of the new initiative?A)To reduce traffic congestion.B)To promote healthy eating habits.C)To increase public awareness about mental health.D)To encourage more people to walk or cycle to work.Answer: B) To promote healthy eating habits.Explanation: The news report states that the initiative aims to provide more fresh food options in urban areas and educate residents about the importance of a balanced diet.13.You will hear a short conversation between two friends about their weekend plans. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What does Mark plan to do this weekend?A) Go hikingB) Visit his grandparentsC) Stay at home and relaxAnswer: CExplanation: In the conversation, Mark says, “I think I’ll just stay at homethis weekend and relax. I’ve been really busy lately.”14.You will hear a radio announcement about the weather forecast for the next three days. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What will the weather be like on Tuesday?A) Sunny with a high of 75°FB) Rainy with a low of 50°FC) Cloudy with a high of 65°FAnswer: AExplanation: The radio announcement states, “On Tuesday, we’ll have a sunny day with a hi gh of 75 degrees Fahrenheit.”15.You will hear a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans. Listen and answer the following question.Question: What does Sarah plan to do on Saturday afternoon?A) Go shoppingB) Watch a movieC) Visit a museumD) Go for a hikeAnswer: B) Watch a movieExplanation: In the conversation, Sarah mentions, “I’m thinking of watching a new movie at the cinema on Saturday afternoon.” Therefore, the correct answer is B) Watch a movie.16.Listen to a short passage about a famous author and answer the followingquestion.Question: What is the author known for?A) Writing a popular mystery novelB) Writing a science fiction novelC) Writing a historical fiction novelD) Writing a fantasy novelAnswer: C) Writing a historical fiction novelExplanation: The passage states, “The author, known for her historical fiction novels, has won numerous awards for her captivating storytelling.” Therefore, the correct answer is C) Writing a historical fiction novel.17.Listen to the following conversation and choose the best answer.A. The man is asking for directions to the library.B. The woman is looking for a book about history.C. The man is helping the woman find the nearest post office.D. The woman is inquiring about the opening hours of the museum.Answer: BExplanation: The woman mentions that she needs a book about history, which indicates that she is looking for a book related to that subject.18.Listen to the following news report and answer the question.What is the main topic of the news report?A. A new shopping center opening soon.B. A severe storm hitting the city.C. A famous singer performing in the city.D. A new law passed to improve traffic conditions.Answer: BExplanation: The news report discusses a severe storm that has hit the city, including details about the weather and the impact it has had on local residents. This indicates that the main topic is the storm itself.19.You will hear a conversation between two friends at a bookstore. Listen to the conversation and answer the following question.Question: What book is the woman looking for?A) A science fiction novel.B) A history book.C) A cookbook.D) A mystery novel.Answer: C) A cookbook.Explanation: The woman mentions that she needs a cookbook for her new cooking class, which indicates that she is looking for a cookbook.20.You will hear a short lecture about the effects of climate change on wildlife. Listen to the lecture and answer the following question.Question: What is one of the main effects of climate change mentioned in the lecture?A) Increased number of polar bears.B) Decline in bee populations.C) Enhanced plant growth in deserts.D) Increase in the salinity of freshwater lakes.Answer: B) Decline in bee populations.Explanation: The lecture discusses how climate change is affecting various species, and it specifically mentions the decline in bee populations due to changes in their habitats and food sources.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: The Birth of a New SpeciesReading Passage:In the small town of Greenfield, scientists have made an extraordinary discovery. For years, the local wildlife had been changing, and the townsfolk had noticed that the animals seemed to be evolving at an unprecedented rate. The town’s most famous naturalist, Dr.Evelyn Carter, decided to investigate this phenomenon. After months of research, she and her team uncovered the secret: a previously undiscovered mineral, known as “Evolium,” found deep within the town’s forest, was causing the animals to evolve rapidly.Dr. Carter’s findings were groundbreaking. The mineral seemed to stimulate the animals’ DNA, leading to genetic mutations that enhanced their physical and cognitive abilities. The most remarkable of these mutations was the appearance of a new species of bird, which Dr. Carter named the “Greenfield Glider.” These birds had longer wings, sharper beaks, and an enhanced abilityto navigate complex environments. The Gliders were soon becoming a symbol of hope and innovation in the town.Questions:1.What was the main focus of Dr.Evelyn Carter’s research?A) The impact of the new mineral on the local wildlife.B) The evolution of the town’s human population.C) The economic benefits of the new mineral.D) The history of the town of Greenfield.2.What effect did the Evolium mineral have on the animals in Greenfield?A) It caused them to become extinct.B) It made them more aggressive.C) It stimulated their DNA, leading to genetic mutations.D) It had no effect on their evolution.3.What is the significance of the Greenfield Glider?A) It is a rare bird species that is on the brink of extinction.B) It is the town’s mascot, representing its hope for innovation.C) It is the first bird to be discovered in the town’s history.D) It has no special features and is no different from other birds.Answers:1.A) The impact of the new mineral on the local wildlife.2.C) It stimulated their DNA, leading to genetic mutations.3.B) It is the town’s mascot, representing its hope for innovation.三、完型填空（15分）Complete the following passage with the most appropriate options.In the small town of Greenfield, the local library was facing a dilemma. For years, it had been a cherished community hub, but now, its aging building was in dire need of repairs. The mayor, Mr. Thompson, convened a meeting with the library board and community leaders to discuss the best course of action.The first option presented was to [] the existing building, which would cost a considerable amount of money. However, this solution was met with skepticism from some board members who feared that [] would result in the loss of the library’s unique charm.The second option was to [] a new, modern library on the outskirts of town, which would offer more space and amenities. This idea was more popular with the younger generation, but it raised concerns about the [] of the older residents who preferred to stay close to their homes.A third suggestion was made by Mrs. Jenkins, a long-time library volunteer. She proposed [] a partnership with a local university to create a [] library that would combine the resources of the library and the university, thereby providing a unique educational experience for students and the community.The mayor listened to all the proposals a nd then asked the group, “What do you think will be the most beneficial for Greenfield in the long run?”1.A. rebuild2.A. preserving3.A. construction4.A. establish5.A. hybridAnswer Key:1.A. rebuild2.A. preserving3.A. construction4.A. establish5.A. hybrid四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、In the_______(1) place, I prefer staying at home rather than going out on weekends.答案：first解析：此处需要填入一个表示顺序的形容词，根据句意“首先”，应该使用“first”。
tpo35三篇阅读原文译文题目答案译文背景知识
tpo35三篇阅读原文译文题目答案译文背景知识阅读-1 (1)原文 (2)译文 (5)题目 (8)答案 (17)背景知识 (18)阅读-2 (21)原文 (21)译文 (24)题目 (27)答案 (36)背景知识 (36)阅读-3 (39)原文 (39)译文 (43)题目 (46)答案 (54)背景知识 (55)阅读-1原文Earth’ s Age①One of the first recorded observers to surmise a long age for Earth was the Greek historian Herodotus, who lived from approximately 480 B.C. to 425 B.C. He observed that the Nile River Delta was in fact a series of sediment deposits built up in successive floods. By noting that individual floods deposit only thin layers of sediment, he was able to conclude that the Nile Delta had taken many thousands of years to build up. More important than the amount of time Herodotus computed, which turns out to be trivial compared with the age of Earth, was the notion that one could estimate ages of geologic features by determining rates of the processes responsible for such features, and then assuming the rates to be roughly constant over time. Similar applications of this concept were to be used again and again in later centuries to estimate the ages of rock formations and, in particular, of layers of sediment that had compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rocks.②It was not until the seventeenth century that attempts were madeagain to understand clues to Earth's history through the rock record. Nicolaus Steno (1638-1686) was the first to work out principles of the progressive depositing of sediment in Tuscany. However, James Hutton (1726-1797), known as the founder of modern geology, was the first to have the important insight that geologic processes are cyclic in nature. Forces associated with subterranean heat cause land to be uplifted into plateaus and mountain ranges. The effects of wind and water then break down the masses of uplifted rock, producing sediment that is transported by water downward to ultimately form layers in lakes, seashores, or even oceans. Over time, the layers become sedimentary rock. These rocks are then uplifted sometime in the future to form new mountain ranges, which exhibit the sedimentary layers (and the remains of life within those layers) of the earlier episodes of erosion and deposition.③Hutton's concept represented a remarkable insight because it unified many individual phenomena and observations into a conceptual picture of Earth’s history. With the further assumption that these geologic processes were generally no more or less vigorous than they are today, Hutton's examination of sedimentary layers led him to realize that Earth's history must be enormous, that geologic time is anabyss and human history a speck by comparison.④After Hutton, geologists tried to determine rates of sedimentation so as to estimate the age of Earth from the total length of the sedimentary or stratigraphic record. Typical numbers produced at the turn of the twentieth century were 100 million to 400 million years. These underestimated the actual age by factors of 10 to 50 because much of the sedimentary record is missing in various locations and because there is a long rock sequence that is older than half a billion years that is far less well defined in terms of fossils and less well preserved.⑤Various other techniques to estimate Earth's age fell short, and particularly noteworthy in this regard were flawed determinations of the Sun's age. It had been recognized by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) that chemical reactions could not supply the tremendous amount of energy flowing from the Sun for more than about a millennium. Two physicists during the nineteenth century both came up with ages for the Sun based on the Sun's energy coming from gravitational contraction. Under the force of gravity, the compressionresulting from a collapse of the object must release energy. Ages for Earth were derived that were in the tens of millions of years, much less than the geologic estimates of the lime.⑥It was the discovery of radioactivity at the end of the nineteenth century that opened the door to determining both the Sun’s energy source and the age of Earth. From the initial work came a suite of discoveries leading to radio isotopic dating, which quickly led to the realization that Earth must be billions of years old, and to the discovery of nuclear fusion as an energy source capable of sustaining the Sun's luminosity for that amount of time. By the 1960s, both analysis of meteorites and refinements of solar evolution models converged on an age for the solar system, and hence for Earth, of 4.5 billion years.译文地球的年龄①希腊历史学家希罗多德是最早有记录的推测地球年龄的观察家之一，他生活在大约公元前480年到公元前425年。
唐静翻译必背800词
/ədˈvæntɪdʒ/
n. 优势；利益
take advantage of 利用
vi. 获利
vt. 有利于；使处于优 势
advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/
v. 提倡，拥护 n. 拥护者；辩护者
Advocate Science 崇 尚 科学
aesthetics
词 striking 我并没有列举，因为这二者意思完全可以根据构词法知道，而不至于弄错。
： A 字母开头 (20 单词)
众号 alliance 公 ambiguous
allocate ambition
alone amend
alter among
alternative amount
analogous
analyze
vt. 增加，添加 n. 加法
adj. 充足的；适当的
adj. 邻近的，毗连的 n. 管理；行政
adj. 成年的；成熟的 n. 成年人 n. 发展；前进 vt. 提出；预付 vi. 前进；进展 adj. 预先的；先行的
adequate for 足够的，适 合 adjacent sea 近海；邻海 administration building 行政办公楼 young adult 年轻人
/ɛs'θɛtɪks/
n. 美学；美的哲学 aesthetic appreciation 审
affect
/əˈfekt/
美 vt. 影响；感染
vi. 倾向；喜欢
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考研英语阅读真题及详细解析2003
2003 Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the "great game" of espionage — spying as a "profession". These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the W orld Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it "open-source intelligence", and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. "As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine," says Friedman, a former political science professor. "And we'll hear back from some of them." Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That's where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.41. The emergence of the Net has ________.[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession42. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to ________.[A] introduce the topic of online spying[B] show how he fought for the US[C] give an episode of the information war[D] honor his unique services to the CIA43. The phrase "making the biggest splash" (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] causing the biggest trouble[B] exerting the greatest effort[C] achieving the greatest success[D] enjoying the widest popularity44. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that ________.[A] Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C] Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information45. Straitford is most proud of its ________.[A] official status[B] nonconformist image[C] efficient staff[D] military background重点词汇：spymaster 即spy+master，间谍大王、间谍组织首脑。
大学英语四级词汇(天灾人祸)
emergency[ɪ'mɜːdʒ(ə)nsɪ]n. 紧急情况；突发事件emerge vi. 浮现；摆脱；暴露in an emergency 在紧急情况下emergency measures 紧急措施emerge from 自…出现；浮现emerging market新兴市场collapse[kə'læps]vi. Vt.倒塌；瓦解；暴跌n. 倒塌；失败；衰竭infect[ɪn'fekt]vt.感染，传染infection n. 感染；传染；影响；传染病virus infection 病毒感染acute infection 急性感染wreckage['rekɪdʒ] n. （失事船或飞机等的）残骸；（船只等的）失事spread[spred]vi. Vt.传播；伸展spread out 展开；铺开spread abroad传播voluntary['vɒlənt(ə)rɪ]adj. 自愿的；志愿的；自发的n. 志愿者；自愿行动voluntary contributions自愿捐款volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事disaster[dɪ'zɑːstə]n. 灾难，灾祸；不幸disaster area 灾区disastrous[dɪ'zɑːstrəs] adj. 灾难性的；损失惨重的refugee[refjʊ'dʒiː]n. 难民，避难者；流亡者，逃亡者refugee camp 难民营welfare['welfeə]n. 福利；幸福；福利事业adj. 福利的；接受社会救济的social welfare 社会福利welfare lottery 福利彩票charity['tʃærɪtɪ]n. 慈善；施舍；慈善团体；宽容out of charity 出于仁慈fatal['feɪt(ə)l]adj. 致命的；重大的；毁灭性的；命中注定的fatal illness 绝症rescue['reskjuː]vt.营救；援救n. 营救；援救；解救search and rescue 搜索与营救rescue crew 救护队survive[sə'vaɪv]vt.幸存；生还；幸免于；比...活得长vi. 幸存；活下来survive on 靠…活下来survivor 幸存者survival 幸存destructive[dɪ'strʌktɪv]adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的drought[draʊt] n. 干旱flood [flʌd]n. 洪水；泛滥famine ['fæmɪn]n. 饥荒haze[heɪz]n. 阴霾sand storm n.沙尘暴earthquake['ɜːθkweɪk]n.地震relief material救援物资The People's Republic of China中华人民共和国gratitude['grætɪtjuːd] n. 感谢（的心情）；感激=thank n.gratitude to sb. 感激某人affection[ə'fekʃ(ə)n]n.喜爱，感情,爱慕；影响；感染passion['pæʃ(ə)n]n.激情；酷爱；盛怒have a passion for对…有强烈的爱好sympathy['sɪmpəθɪ]n.同情；慰问；赞同sympathy for对…表示同情frustrated[frʌ'streɪtɪd]adj. 失意的，挫败的；泄气的embarrassed[ɪm'bærəst]adj. 尴尬的；窘迫的feel embarrassed感到尴尬hatred['heɪtrɪd]n. 憎恨；怨恨；敌意racial hatred种族仇恨intimacy['ɪntɪməsɪ]n.亲密；亲近；密切envy ['envɪ]n.嫉妒，妒忌；羡慕out of envy出于忌妒jealous['dʒeləs]adj.妒忌的neglect[nɪ'glekt]vt.疏忽，忽视；忽略n. 疏忽怠慢neglect of duty 玩忽职守admire[əd'maɪə]vt.vi.钦佩；赞美，羡慕admire for赞赏moral['mɒr(ə)l] adj. 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的n. 道德moral sense道德观念ethical['eθɪk(ə)l]adj. 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的ethical dilemma伦理困境ego['iːgəʊ]n. 自我；自负；自我意识self-esteem['selfis'ti:m] n. 自尊；自负；自大eager['iːgə]adj. 渴望的；热切的；热心的eager for 渴望，迫切要optimistic[ɒptɪ'mɪstɪk]adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的pessimistic[,pesɪ'mɪstɪk]adj. 悲观的，厌世的positive['pɒzɪtɪv]adj. 积极的；[数] 正的negative['negətɪv]adj. [数] 负的；消极的；否定的acquaintance[ə'kweɪnt(ə)ns]n. 熟人；相识；了解acquaintance with相识overcome difficulties 克服困难pursue dream追求梦想。
用马斯洛需求层次理论分析《嘉莉妹妹》中的人物
摘要《嘉莉妹妹》讲述了一位农村女孩不甘贫穷,独自来到芝加哥实现自己的“美国梦”，最终成为了纽约百老汇的一位著名演员，物质享受得到满足，精神却陷入迷失的故事。
阅读这部小说我们很容易注意到嘉莉不断升级的需要及日益增长的欲望，及在追求欲望的过程中对传统道德的违背。
本文主要依据马斯洛层次需求理论，分析嘉莉及与嘉莉妹妹关系密切的两位男主人公，在不同时期的不同需要，并分析这些欲望产生的原因，即一方面是人物内在的欲望，另一方面是环境、城市的诱惑等外在因素。
这两方面的相互作用最终导致嘉莉陷入精神的迷失。
《嘉莉妹妹》的故事似乎在警示我们，在物质越来越发达的今天，人们不应该盲目追求物质的享受，而应该充分认识到精神带给人们的幸福感和满足感,思索自己人生的意义和价值所在。
关键词：嘉莉妹妹；欲望；层次需求理论AbstractSister Carrie tells the story of a small country girl Carrie who moves to Chicago to realize her “American Dream” and eventually becomes a Broadway star in New York. Despite living a luxurious life, she is lost in spirit. Reading the novel, we may easily notice Carrie’s different needs and desires arising gradually and also the betrayal of traditional moral code in the process of pursuing material gain. The paper analyzes the reasons why Carrie and two male heroes closed to her have various needs at different stages of life, mainly based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. One is figures’inner desires; the other is the outside force, including temptations of environment, cites, etc. The interaction between them makes Carrie lose herself eventually. It seems to tell people that in modern society material supplies more and more abundantly, but we should never pursue it blindly and much importance should be attached to happiness and stability created by spirit. It is essential to ponder the significance and the value of life.Key words: Sister Carrie; desire; hierarchy of needsContentsChapter 1 General Introduction (1)1.1 About the author and the novel (1)1.1.1 The author: Theodore Dreiser (1)1.1.2 The novel: Sister Carrie (1)1.2 About Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs (2)Chapter 2 Carrier’s needs (4)2.1 Carrie’s primary needs (4)2.1.1 The physiological needs: leaving for Chicago (4)2.1.2 The safety needs: becoming Drouet’s mistress (5)2.2 Carrie’s higher level needs (6)2.2.1 The love and belonging needs — awaking step (6)2.2.2 The esteem needs — advanced development (7)2.2.3 The self-actualization needs — ultimate goal (8)Chapter 3 Drouet’s needs (10)3.1 Drouet’s primary needs (10)3.1.1 The physiological needs: the pursuit of Carrie (10)3.1.2 The safety needs: the satisfaction of material (11)3.2 Droue t’s higher level needs (12)Chapter 4 Hurstwood’s needs (13)4.1 Hurstwood’s needs in Chicago (13)4.1.1 Hurstwood’s physiological needs (13)4.1.2 Hurstwood’s safety needs (14)4.1.3 Hurstwood’s love and belonging needs (14)4.2 Hurstwood’s needs in New York (15)Conclusion (17)References (19)Acknowledgments (20)Chapter 1 General Introduction1.1 About the author and the novel1.1.1 The author: Theodore DreiserTheodore Dreiser is the most outstanding realistic novelist in the history of American literature. He is also an American naturalistic writer famous for the exploration of realistic life. Dreiser was born in Indiana in a poor German immigrant family. When Dreiser was eight, his mother was forced by the pressure of living, left home with him and three other young children, wandered from one town to another in the Midwest. The family lived a tough and criticized life. Dreiser’s childhood also endured poverty and ignorance.In 1887, he came to Chicago alone, worked in restaurants and hardware companies. In spite of this, he was attracted by the city life full of excitement and stimulation. In 1889, “he was sponsored by a sympathetic middle school teacher to study at the University of Indiana. But he dropped out of school the next year, returned to Chicago to become a debt collector in a real estate and furniture company” (Wang Sixiang, 2009: 158). This job led him to come into contact with the underworld characters and the dark side of society, accumulated a wealth of material for the future creation. It also determined the naturalistic color and the tragic thought of his creation. Dreiser entered the press in 1892, started to be a journalist. In Chicago, he witnessed the strong contrast of extreme poverty and extravagant life. These experiences are the beginning of his thought, which led him to create his own novel.1.1.2 The novel: Sister CarrieSister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser’s first novel, is a good work of epoch-making significance in the history of American fiction. This novel tells the story of Caroline Meeber, a pretty rural girl, leaves her rural home to make a living in Chicago. On the train, she meets Charles Drouet, a traveling salesman. The harsh reality shatters her dream. At the same time, in front of her is unemployment and disease. In desperation she becomes Drouet’s mistress. Later, due to the greater desire, she becomes the hotelmanager Hurstwood’s mistress. Hurstwood and Carrie elope to New York, and Carrie becomes a popular actor by chance and squeezes into the upper class. However, Hurstwood becomes poorer and finally committed suicide. The life of upper class does not make her feel satisfied. She feels empty and can not find the real meaning of life. In the loneliness and desolation, she sits in a rocking chair dreaming of the happiness that she would not get.The novel reveals the cruel squeezing of the American capitalist system for poor people and the corrosive action of bourgeois lifestyle for petty bourgeois. And the moral concept the novel reflects is also a counter-tradition. Because Carrie rather than be punished for her depravity, but becomes a popular star of musical comedies finally. Therefore, this book has aroused widespread concern in society since it was published, was banned for a time which led up to intense controversy of the literary world for more than 30 years until it is regarded as a classic to gain public recognition. Until today the novel was born one hundred years later, people are still controversial about Carrie’s character and behavior, especially her endless desire.1.2 About Maslow’s hierarchy of human needsIn Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, there are five kinds of needs ranging from lower level to higher level. These are physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs. (1)The physiological needs — it is the most basic requirement of human beings, including food, sleep, water, secretion, and sex. If any one of these needs, except sex, can not be satisfied, the physiological function of human can not operate normally. In other words, the life of human would be threatened. In this sense, the physiological need is the primary motivation of people’s action. Maslow believes that only those basic needs be met, the other needs can become new motivating factors. And to this point, the needs has been relatively satisfied will no longer be motivating factors. (2)The safety needs — it is the demand for the following things: personal and property safety, health care, job security and family safety. Maslow believes that the pursuit of the whole organism is a security mechanism, the human receptors, effectors’ organs, intelligence and other forms of energy are mainly seeking safety tools. We can even put both science and philosophy as part of meeting the security needs. (3)The love and belonging needs — if both physiological and safety needs are relatively well satisfied, and then there will emerge the love and belonging needs. Everyone wants to get mutual concern and care.The love and belonging needs is more meticulous than the physiological needs. It relates to a person’s physiological characteristics, experience, education and religion. Generally people will hunger for affectionate relations with others, for a place in the group and have a family. (4)The esteem needs — everyone wants to have a stable social status. And it requests that personal ability and achievements are recognized by the society. These needs can be divided into two parts. First is the desire for strength, achievement, adequacy, confidence and freedom. Secondly, we have what we may call the desire for reputation, attention, importance or appreciation. Satisfaction of the esteem need can make people have confidence, worth, strength, capability and adequacy of being useful and necessary in the world. (5)The self-actualization needs — it is the highest level of needs. It refers to the realization of personal ideals, aspirations and the individual’s ability to the greatest degree. Maslow notes that in order to satisfy self-actualization needs, different people take different measures. The self-actualization need is an effort to realize their potential. It is to make them become the characters they desire to be.These basic needs are related to each one and another, but any physiological and safety needs that remain unsatisfied will keep playing an important role, and needs at one level do not have to be completely satisfied before needs at the next higher level come into play. This means that the highest goal will monopolize consciousness and will tend to organize the recruitment of the various capacities of the organism. The lower needs are minimized, even forgotten or denied. But when a need is fairly well satisfied, the next higher need emerges,in turn to dominate the conscious life and to serve as the center of organization of behavior, since gratified needs are not active motivators.Chapter 2 Carrier’s needs2.1 Carrie’s primary needs2.1.1 The physiological needs: leaving for ChicagoBy the end of the Civil War (1861-1865), most of the forces that would typify twentieth century American had begun to emerge. Northern industrialism had triumphed over southern agrarianism. The great age of big city bossism began. Americans ceased to be isolated from the world and from each other. Soon the United States had the most extensive railroad system in the world. The tempo of life accelerated as Americans became increasingly mobile. From 1870 to 1890 the total population of the United States doubled. Villages became towns, towns became cities, and cities grew to a size with a speed that would have astonished the Founding Fathers. The population of Chicago increased twenty times to two million, making it the nation’s second largest city after New York. The national income quadrupled. It was the beginning of what Mark Twain called “The Gilded Age”. Thousands and thousands of men, women and children native-born and foreign, flooded to American cities, drawn by hopes for making their fortune. They believed that anyone could grasp an opportunity to attain success through honest and hard work. Just as American naturalists argued: the world was amoral, that men and women had no free will, that their lives were controlled by heredity and the environment.Dreiser clothed the social phenomenon of so-called “American Dream” through his character, Carrie. At the beginning of the novel, the heroin, Carrie, keeps pace with the general trend of the time, and moves to Chicago, which is not far away from her hometown. She is eighteen years old, bright, timid, and full of the illusions of ignorance and youth:And yet she was interested in her charms, quickly to understand the keenerpleasures of life, ambitious to gain in material things. A half-equipped littleknight she was, venturing to reconnoiter the mysterious city and dreamingwild dreams of some vague, far-off supremacy, which should make it preyand subject-the proper penitent, groveling at a woman’s slipper. (TheodoreDreiser, 1979: 3)In Maslow’s view, humans are wanting beings, mainly because humans are not satisfied with the status and are eager to achieve a higher realm. Desire is one of the strong emotions which tells people that he is still curious to exist, that he still have an edge on his longings and want to bite into the world. Carrie is driven by the environment and the internal desire to move to Chicago. Strictly speaking, it is the physiological needs. Carrie wants to change the poor life. She begins to hunt a job to earn money to fulfill her needs. Carrie accepts a job in a shoe factory for four and a half dollars a week. Every week she pays four dollars for her board and lodging. Does the story develop smoothly like this? The author gave a hint by writing “When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumes the cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse” (Zhang Xiaowei, 2011: 203). Carrie tries to live on her own to start her first step of material pursuit.2.1.2 The safety needs: becoming Drouet’s mistressChicago is a charming city indeed. Carrie is surrounded by various temptations: Carrie passed along the busy aisles, much affected by the remarkabledisplays of trinkets, dress goods, stationary and jewelry. Each separatecounter was a show place of dazzling interest and attraction. She could nothelp feeling the claim of each trinket and valuable upon her personally.There was nothing there which she could not have to used-nothing whichshe did not along to own. The dainty slippers and stockings, the delicatelyfrilled skirts and petticoats, the laces, ribbons, hair-combs, purses, all touchher with individual desires. (Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 27)She longs for dress and beauty with a whole heart.But the fact is that the cold reality takes her by the hand. First, her sister and brother-in-law live a lean life and consumed by housework. The money left by Carrie every week is not enough for her car fares, let alone clothes, laces, ribbons, etc. And none of those things is in the range of her purchase. Second, in the shoe factory, the machines work intensively. Carrie is not strong. Her shoulders and necks ache in bending over and she is totally exhausted every day. “As Carrie listened to this and much more of similar familiar badinage among the men and the girls, she instinctively withdraws into herself. She feared that the young boys about would address such remarks to he r” (LI Wei, 2011: 278). The wholeatmosphere of the shoe factory is sordid.Carrie does not like to bear the hard work, the foul working condition and the human environment. She hopes to break away from the factory to enjoy physical comfort and from such uncouth men to keep her calm. Third, as the rigorous winter is around the corner, Carrie worries about the problem of winter clothes, for she has nothing to wear. At last, as a result of illness she loses the job and to return hometown seems to be the only choice.According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, if the physiological needs are relatively well gratified, there then emerge the safety needs. The problem is that whether she can satisfy it or not, it depends on the reality which supplies enough conditions or not, besides her own effort. Carrie understands that it is impossible to buy dress and entertain herself by her personal diligence. Drouet is, for Carrie, an escape. She does not love him, but he means a source of amazement, and she recognizes that the relative opulence of his chambers and department he procures for Carrie are the signs of that for which she is striving. Eventually she betrays herself to become Drouet’s mistress to realize her safety need. Carrie and Drouet pay a visit all round the city and go shopping, take part in various activities, enjoy delicious foods. It seems that Carrie has never hesitated,“Money! Money! What a thing it was to have! How plenty of it would clear away all the troubles” (Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 82). She surrendered to the magic of money. At the second stage of material pursuit, Carrie has a much stronger desire. She falls in love with it without reason.2.2 Carrie’s higher level needs2.2.1 The love and belonging needs — awaking stepAs the plot goes, the author depicts a panorama of rising needs and desire. On one hand, Carrie is not just satisfied with living together with Drouet:That young lady, under the stress of her situation and the tutelage of hernew friend, changed effectively. She the glow of a more showy life was notupon her. She did not grow in knowledge so much as she awakened in thematter of desire. Mrs. Hale’s extended harangues upon the subjects ofwealth and position taught her to distinguish between degrees of wealth.(Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 140)When she comes to her own room, Carrie sees her comparative poverty. She is not comparing it with what she has had, but what she has seen recently. She begins toponder what, after all, Drouet is and what she is. On the other hand, Carrie fears of losing Drouet’s affection, of being abandoned, and also she longs for someone to sympathize with her, but not let her ponder and wonder. It makes clear to Carrie that Drouet could not understand her. He just cares about her beauty. When Carrie is sorrow, he only asks her to dance. Carrie feels lonely and forsaken. What’s more, Carrie believes Drouet does not plan to marry her. He prefers the single state to any legal bondage. These two sides wake up Carrie’s deep desire. She “hopes to live an extravagant life but not from hand to mouth” (Peng Dankui, 1995: 74). She is eager to be understood and loved. Drouet is only an intermediary in her movement from poverty to affluence. Carrie is ready and longs to change.More wealth and higher status are Carrie’s new goal. At this time, Hurstwood becomes another male stepladder to gratify her needs both in material and spirit. Hurstwood can give her a life of honor. Carrie recognizes the quality of Hurstwood’s clothes, his style and his bearing as distinct improvements on Drouet. Hurstwood shows his thoughts and feelings concerning Carrie. “In contrast, Hurstwood appeared strong and sincere. He had no easy manner of putting her off. He sympathized with her and showed her what her true value was. He needed her, while Drouet did not care” (Gao Chenke, 2011: 115).Though Carrie has achieved her material goal, all in all, she has another need—love. Carrie begins to care about her inner thoughts, which takes the first step of exploring her spirit. Carrie’s spirit pursuit is based on material pursuit.2.2.2 The esteem needs — advanced developmentAfter becoming Hurstwood’s mistress, in a material way, Carrie is considerably improved. Hurstwood writes her regularly-a letter every morning. They both enjoy the happy days. Carrie has an opportunity to take part in a play. It is not an important thing, but because of the prestige of Hurstwood, it is significant. “By the time of the 16th had arrived Hurstwood’s friends had rallied like Romans to a senator’s call. A well-dressed, good-natured, flatteringly-inclined audience was assured from the moment he thought of assisting Carrie”(Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 209). Carrie moves into a new environment. She feels the respect and power of celebrities. Carrie’s needs develop further: the esteem needs. That is the desire for confidence and appreciation:There was nothing bold in her manner. Life had not taught herdomination-superciliousness of grace, which is the lordly power of somewomen. Her longing for consideration was not sufficiently powerful tomove her to demand it. Even now she lacked self-assurance, but there wasthat in what she had already experienced which left her a little less thantimid. She wanted pleasure, she wanted position. (Theodore Dreiser, 1979:176)For Carrie she is nervous. She hopes the play could succeed to gain confidence and appreciation, “The glamour, the tense situation, the fine clothes, the applause, these had lured her until she felt that she, too, could act-that she, too, could compel acknowledgment of power” (Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 192). Carrie tries best to explore her potentials.2.2.3 The self-actualization needs — ultimate goalHurstwood coaxes Carrie to elope to New York. But he is merely another man who either cannot hold or find a job. He forces to begin the battle for place and comfort all over again. But his situation becomes worse and worse. At the beginning, he strolls about, and then he just picks his papers up, and stays for day after day. At last, he becomes a beggar completely, lived by other’s charity. Finally he committed suicide by turning on the gas in a Bowery flophouse. When the attraction of material disappears, it is inevitable for Carrie to abandon Hurstwood. The physiological and safety needs play an important role now. Carrie begins to make a livelihood on her own. Different from the former experience, this time, she is successful by her own power without depending on some other men. Carrie becomes an actor because of her pretty-look and her diligence. Her salary rises from 30 dollars to 150 dollars per week. She becomes a famous star. She could possess of her gowns and carriage, her furniture and bank account. But she is alone, “It does not take money long to make plain its important, providing the desires are in the realm of affection. With one hundred and fifty in hand, Carrie could think of nothing particularly to do. In itself, as a tangible, apparent thing which she could touch and look upon, but this soon passed” (Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 548).After Carrie gains her economic status, there is only self-actualization need left. And Ames helps Carrie sublimate her spiritual pursuit into the world of literature and philosophy. Ames isn’t attracted by Carrie’s beauty, but there is something in him that has attracted her. Ames says to Carrie that riches are not everything, and there is always a great deal more in the world than she has known. Carrie understands that the thingsAmes pointed out is not money, or clothes, or applauses but a kind heart to serve others. It is an aesthetic world of which Carrie has not dreamed of and which she recognizes as a new peak to conquer and a new level to achieve. Carrie moves to the highest needs, which states that the true value of life is not in what we get but in what we give. This is the ultimate goal in her spiritual world.Chapter 3 Drouet’s needs3.1 Drouet’s primary needs3.1.1 The physiological needs: the pursuit of CarrieDrouet is a man who has a keen desire for the feminine. In the driving of the sexual instinct, he will involuntarily chase every beautiful woman he meets. After seeing beautiful pure Carrie on the train, he is attracted by her. With beautiful clothes, grandiose talk and his experiences of chatting up girls, Drouet wins Carrie’s favor. Just as the author says:Let him meet with a young woman once and he would approach her withan air of kindly familiarity, not unmixed with pleading, which would resultin most cases in a tolerant acceptance. If she showed any tendency tocoquetry he would be apt to straighten her tie, or if she “took up” with himat all, to call her by her first name. If he visited a department store it was tolounge familiarly over the counter and ask some leading questions. In moreexclusive circles, on the train or in waiting stations, he went slower. If someseemingly vulnerable object appeared he was all attention to pass thecompliments of the day to lead the way to the parlor car, carrying her grip,or, failing that, to take a seat next her with the hope of being able to courther to her destination. Pillows, books, a footstool, the shade lowered; allthese figured in the things which he could do. If, when she reached herdestination he did not alight and attend her baggage for her, it was because,in his own estimation, he had signally failed. (Theodore Dreiser, 1979:5) Drouet’s chasing for young beautiful girls is not because he is a cold-blooded, black heart, scheming villain, but because he is full of lust. When Drouet meet Carrie in the street secondly, Carrie was looking for a job and has no winter clothes to wear. Then he use Carrie’s plight to persuade her to leave her sister’s home and l ive together with him. After Carrie beca me Drouet’s mistress, Drouet didn’t have the plan to marry her. In the second part of the novel, Drouet and Carrie met again in New York, after he tried to mend fences and Carrie refused, he was not feeling so sad. Because, for him, he canfind a woman for pleasure wherever. Losing Carrie is not so important for him. At the end of the novel, on the night of a big snowstorm, he is talking with a partner to discuss where to look for a woman to have fun.3.1.2 The safety needs: the satisfaction of materialThe great industrial development in American brings about the booming of the cities like Chicago and New York. At the same time, the social gap between the rich and the poor is widening. People are obviously graded. Whether having high material consumption ability has almost become the sole criterion of level division. Drouet is divided into middle class in this social background. He doesn’t have to live in poverty like Hanson, but not as well as Hurstwood has a wealthy family and prominent position. He is good at enjoying life and the pursuit of a higher level of material comforts, immersed in his salesman career and tried to improve his social status. In his view, his life is fulfilling and almost perfect. He dressed in fashion style, wearing a striped plaid wool suit, white and pink striped shirt, gold-plated button, covered with yellow agate known as the “cat ey e”. His vest dangled a neat gold watch chain, matched with a pair of glowing shoes and a fedora. This fashionable dress greatly satisfied the vanity of him. Drouet’s s afety needs come to be realized in the abundant material world.Drouet likes to have dinner at Rector’s,a restaurant he believes that successful person would go. After dinner, he likes to go to th e resort of Fitzgerald and Moy’s to drink a glass of whiskey and enjoy a couple of cigars. In such a place, he can get to know a variety of celebrities, in order to increase the capital to show off and meet his vanity. The author has described it in detail:Rector’s, with its polished marble walls and floor, its profusion of lights, itsshow of china and silverware, and, above all, its reputation as a resort foractors and professional men, seemed to him the proper place for asuccessful man to go. He loved fine clothes, good eating, and particularlythe company and acquaintanceship of successful men. When dining, it wassource of keen satisfaction to him to know that Joseph Jefferson was wontto come to this same place, that Henry E. Dixie, a well known performer ofthe day, was then only a few tables off. (Theodore Dreiser, 1979: 39) As a successful salesman, Drouet believes that it is an honor to be able to make celebrities. At the same time, the big company he is working for also let him feel glory. With the reputation of Bartlett, Caryoe & Company, his work goes well. Although he isnot rich, also does not have a high social status, but he is good at communication, appropriate interaction with others, which also provides a possibility of success in his career. Living with Carrie, Drouet’s career developed gradually and his social status improved accordingly. When he and Carrie meet again, he has been responsible for a branch and is about to establish his own company. He can meet Carrie’s desire for material. He bought her beautiful dresses and coats, purchased cosmetics and went to the theatre with her. But objectively speaking, he was too concerned with material life, treat feelings do not serious. This is also the most dissatisfied for Carrie.3.2 Drouet’s higher level needsAlthough the physiological and material satisfaction is very important for Drouet, he has some higher level of needs. As a traveling salesman, Drouet’s social status is not high. He frequently went to the restaurants and pubs which celebrities always went to. In addition to the pursuit of material comforts, but also he is in the search for a social identity and the sense of belonging. Eating and talking together with the upper-class people, let him have a feeling of integrated into the society.His pursuit of Carrie is not only to satisfy his needs for sex, but also to get rid of the emptiness.Due to his work requirement, Drouet often go to travel around, and he is lacking of group sense of belonging. While Carrie as his mistress, can bring him some emotional comfort.In addition, Carrie’s young and beautiful can meet Drouet’s vanity. And he can show off in social occasions. However, Carrie is not the only choice for Drouet. Instead of creating a stable family, the best way to meet his spiritual emptiness is to seek new love affairs constantly. That is also the reason why he does not marry Carrie.。
灰度矩阵纹理特征提取毕业论文
纹理是一种重要的视觉线索，是图像中普遍存在而又难以描述的特征。
纹理分类与分割是图像处理领域一个经久不衰的热点研究领域,纹理特征提取作为纹理分类与分割的首要问题，一直是人们关注的焦点，各种纹理特征提取方法层出不穷。
在广泛文献调研的基础上，回顾了纹理特征提取方法的发展历程，分析了其研究现状,对纹理特征提取方法进行了较为全面的综述，对其进行分类，最后主要研究了基于灰度共生矩阵的图像问题提取方法，研究如何有效地抽取图像纹理特征对图像进行描述，由特征值来对图像识别。
灰度共生矩阵是一种简单有效的图像纹理描述方法，该方法的优势在于：它能利用了图像中像素相对位置的空间信息更加准确地描述图像的纹理，本文就是利用灰度共生矩阵的这一特性，从该矩阵中抽取相应的统计参量作为纹理特征来实现图像识别。
关键字：灰度共生矩阵，纹理特征提取，图像识别ABSTRACTTexture is a kind of importa nt visual clues in images,is widespread and describe the characteristics. Texture classificati on and segme ntati on image process ing area a en duri ng popular research fields, texture feature extracti on as texture classificati on and segme ntati on priority, and has bee n the focus of atte nti on, all sorts of texture feature extract ion method toemerge in en dlessly.On the basis of exte nsive literature in vestigati on ‘reviews the texture feature extract ion method, an alyzes the developme nt of the research status of the texture feature extract ion method makes a comprehe nsive review of its classificati on, mai n research, fin ally based on gray symbiotic matrix image problem extract ion method, research how to effectively extract image texture feature described by the image characteristic value, to image recog niti on.Graylevel co-occurre nee matrix is a simple and effective image texture descripti on methods, this method's adva ntage is: it can use the image pixels relative positi ons of the spatial in formatio n more accurately describe the texture image, this paper is to use the graylevel co-occurre nee matrix of the properties, extract ing from the matrix corresp onding statistics as texture feature parameters to realize image recog niti on.KEY WORDS : graylevel co-occurrenee matrix, texture feature extraction, image recog niti on目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)引言 (1)第1章图像纹理特征提取方法 (3)1.1 发展与现状 (3)1.2纹理的有关定义 (4)第2章纹理特征提取方法的分类 (6)2.1纹理特征提取方法的发展 (6)2.2统计家族的灰度共生矩阵 (6)第3章图像特征提取及识别过程 (8)3.1系统流程图 (8)3.2灰度共生矩阵定义 (8)3.3四个方向灰度共生矩阵的生成 (9)3.4纹理特征参数的介绍 (11)第4章算法实现 (12)第5章对此次设计的总结与展望 (27)5.1设计中遇到的问题 (27)5.2总结与展望 (28)致谢词： (29)参考文献： (30)附录： (31)图1图像纹理应用1自然风光 遥 感 图 像 城 市 风 光 体 育 运 动 地 震 图 像 文 档 图 像 工 业 生 产 医 学 图 像 生 物 信 息 抽 象 数 据 指 纹 图 像+. *目工 标业 识检 别 测 纹 文 理 本 合 分 成割 纹理是一种重要的视觉线索，是图像中普遍存在而又难以描述的特征。
牛津英语模块1-6单词表
模块6单词表1 / 28unit 1Laughter笑，笑声stand-up单口喜剧，单口的humour幽默well-loved备受喜爱的comedy喜剧comedian喜剧演员make fun of取笑，拿......开玩笑response回应，反应；回答in response to对......做出反应reaction反应main主要的observational观察评论的prop（电影、戏剧中的）道具physical形体动作的impressionist印象模仿的make jokes about拿......来开玩笑humorous幽默的，滑稽的queue排队，列队queue up排队，列队visual视觉的tennis网球（运动项目）stage舞台actor演员，男演员act表演academy学院，研究会，学会award奖，奖品routine常规，惯例；常规节目，节目live现场直播的；生动的little-known鲜为人知的toothbrush牙刷mirror镜子outstanding杰出的，显著的improvise即兴表演microphone麦克风，话筒lip嘴唇appropriate适当的，合适的silent寂静的，沉默的silent film无声电影howl大叫，嚎叫amuse使愉快，使高兴brain大脑，头脑saying格言，谚语soon after不久以后，很快script剧本；手稿somehow不知何故vital至关重要的entertainment娱乐enthusiastic热心的，热情的super非常好的，非常优秀的；超级的tough辛苦的，累的；粗暴的worthwhile值得的crosstalk相声master大师，师傅；掌握，精通foreigner外国人take on接受，雇佣initial最初的，初始的move on接下去，继续dialogue对话in pairs结对，两人一组skilled熟练的skill技能invisible看不见的，无形的bench长椅，长凳setting(戏剧、小说等的）场景courtyard院子for a while一会儿shift挪动，移动cross使交叉uncross使不交叉notebook笔记本go 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spirits情绪好，精神状态饱满hopeless没有希望的，绝望的overcome克服，战胜disappointment失望accomplish完成，实现adapt（使）适应；改编journalism新闻业disabled伤残的，残疾的positive积极的，向上的，正面的；肯定的optimistic乐观的inspire鼓舞，激励courage勇气admirable令人钦佩的，值得赞美的rebuild重建；改建unbearable无法忍受的unfortunate不幸的sympathy同情admiration钦佩，羡慕，赞美across the world在全世界role model楷模，榜样obey服从，听从，顺从star明星arrange安排coach辅导，做......的教练believe in信任；信仰，信奉allocate分配adequate足够需要的，够用的confused困惑的，烦恼的，迷惑的whichever无论哪一个，任何一个quit停止，放弃be tired of对......感到厌倦，对......感到疲惫unhappy不高兴的，不悦的，不快的encouragement鼓励guidance指导，引导ahead of在......的前面at that point在那时；在那个阶段golden金色的；黄金般的，极好的rush匆忙in a rush匆忙地，急切地independent独立的worry烦恼，忧虑模块6单词表3 / 28innocent天真无邪的income收入adolescence青春期accomplishment成就，成功的事情vivid生动的，栩栩如生的，活生生的hunger饥饿communicate交流，沟通，传达guarantee保证，担保workday工作日assist帮助，协助automatic自动的，自动化的instant即时的，方便的maximum最多的，最大极限的最大值company陪伴minimum最小的，最低极限的最小值mature成熟的secure安全的，可靠的motivation动机，动力unit 3Difference区别，差异guys【复数】伙计们，兄弟们，姐妹们accumulate积聚，积累，搜集topic话题，主题native本地的；本国的本地人，土人accent口音unbelievable难以置信的yeah是的tradition传统turkey火鸡celebration庆祝，庆典in celebration of庆祝......Settler移民者，定居者chant room（网络)聊天室end-of-term学期末wedding婚礼，结婚典礼confetti（婚礼或庆祝仪式上抛撒的）五彩纸带embarrassing令人尴尬的，令人难为情的newly-wed新婚人souvenir纪念品clarify阐明，澄清banquet宴会participate参加reception招待会；接待；接受bridegroom新郎bride新娘alcohol白酒，烈性酒；酒精drum鼓，鼓状物first finger食指thumb拇指adjust调整，调节royal王室的，皇家的log off（电脑）关机，下线analyse分析excitement兴奋，激动misunderstand误解，误会broken出毛病的，坏的，破损的summary摘要，概要habit习惯custom习俗，风俗expectation期望，期待nationality国籍；名族homeland祖国；家乡anyway总之，不管怎样youth青年时期，青春期wage工资，薪金overseas海外（的）consultant顾问some day有一天，总有一天approval赞成，同意ambition雄心，野心incident事件feast盛宴，筵席pepper胡椒粉take up占据（时间或空间）give out释放；散发，分发proper适当的，正确的procedure程序，过程pocket口袋，衣袋sign手势，示意的动作request请求，要求hold up延迟，阻碍；搀扶，支撑；举起，抬起remark说；谈论，评述所说的话，评论，意见taboo禁忌Tongan汤加的；汤加人；汤加语religion宗教模块6单词表4 / 28generally一般地，通常来说certain某些的，某个的body language肢体语言upsetting令人烦乱的，令人苦恼的concern与......有关，涉及concerned与......有关的in contact with与......接触interact交往；互动，相互作用handshake握手greeting问候，问候语slight轻微的palm手掌shake摇动，摇shake hands握手business card名片equally同样地；平等地ethnic种族的，民族的tour旅行，旅游在.....旅游minority少数民族Inuit因纽特人sled雪橇canoe独木舟seal海豹kayak爱斯基摩划子Arctic北极的，北极区的，北极th Arctic Circle北极圈igloo爱斯基摩冰屋gathering集会，聚会swap交换take part in参加account描述，叙述bravery勇敢mask面具carve雕刻spirit灵魂；幽灵，精灵owl猫头鹰claw爪，爪子wolf狼skull头骨Aborigine澳大利亚土著人aboriginal澳大利亚土著人的belief信仰ancestral祖先的govern统治hunt for打猎；搜捕lizard蜥蜴musical音乐的instrument器械，器具；仪器musical instrument乐器didgeridoo丁者里度，迪吉里杜管（土著人传统乐器）weapon武器boomerang（土著人使用的武器）回飞镖，飞去来器Maori（新西兰的）毛利人；毛利语毛利人的，毛利语的Polynesian波利尼西亚人（的）weave编，织，编织；编排，编造meet with遇见，碰见Haka哈卡舞（毛利人的集体舞蹈）kumara红薯（毛利语，单复同）wrap包，裹steam蒸；蒸发蒸汽oven烤箱，烤炉，灶Indian印第安的；印第安人的，印第安人belong属于belong to属于plain平原简单的，朴素的，普通的flat平坦的，扁平的power权利，能力；力量have power over控制，支配teepee（印第安人用树皮、兽皮制成的）圆锥形帐篷buffalo北美野牛；亚洲水牛headdress头饰peace和平，和睦；安宁peace pipe和平烟斗bow弓，弓形物arrow箭；箭头标记retell复述，转述roast烤，烘焙unit 4Refer to谈及，提到；指称；查阅，参考ambassador大使Goodwill Ambassador亲善大使operate操作，运作；动手术honour使......感到荣耀，给......荣誉，尊敬模块6单词表5 / 28take on担当（某一角色）charter宪章purpose目的，意图co-operate合作touch触及，涉及peacekeeping维持和平的operation军事行动；操作；实施conflict冲突beret贝雷帽worthy令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的labour劳力，劳工；劳动voluntary志愿的；自愿的，主动的press报刊杂志，印刷媒体；记者，新闻工作者；新闻界awareness意识draw吸引，引起rand兰特（南非、莱索托等国的货币单位）sum数目，总数fund资金，基金under the umbrella of在...的保护下，在...的管理下apart from除了，还有urgent紧急的，紧迫的lack缺乏poverty贫穷，穷困businesswoman女商人set out提出，制定出on behalf of作为......的代表earthquake地震typhoon台风civilian平民的，民间的平民remote遥远的，偏僻的accessible可接近的，可得到的frustrated沮丧的，懊恼的if only只要conscience良心，良知third world第三世界reference谈及,提到；指称；查阅，参考funding提供资金，提供基金aspect（问题等的)方面precious宝贵的，珍贵的remind提醒，使想起charity慈善，施舍collection捐款；收藏，收藏品；集face面对，面临朝，向mountainous多山的border边界；国界expense开销，花费；经费，费用，代价somewhat稍微，有点primitive原始的firewood柴火source来源；消息来源；原始材料fuel燃料charcoal木炭well井，水井pump泵，抽水机（用泵）抽container容器；集装箱fetch取来，去拿来break down出故障，抛锚hardship艰苦，困苦，辛苦basic基本的基础，基本要素roof屋顶，房顶；顶occupation职业；占有force强迫，强制，迫使farm耕作protein蛋白质malnutrition营养不良means手段，方法commitment承诺，保证；投入，奉献chaos混乱in chaos处于混乱之中flee逃跑，逃避unusable不可用的，不能用的famine饥荒vaccination接种疫苗die from死于......measles麻疹bullet子弹outbreak（战争、疾病等的）爆发water-borne水为载体的，水传播的malaria疟疾typhoid伤寒from place to place从一地到另一地colleague同事vacant空缺的temporary临时的，暂时的模块6单词表6 / 28clinic诊所，医务室medication药物治疗；药物get hold of得到，抓住diabetes糖尿病minor不严重的；次要的，不重要的cut伤口；切口heal痊愈，治愈bacteria（复数）细菌meanwhile同时，其间shelter住所；藏身之处remind somebody of让人想起......，提醒某人.....staff 全体员工barrier障碍comfort安慰think back to回想make a difference产生变化，发生变化individual个人的，个体的，个别的，单独的attend vt. 出席, 参加M1U01 1 assembly n. 集会, 会议M1U01 1 earn vt. 赚, 挣得, 获得M1U01 1 respect n.& vt. 尊敬, 敬重, 尊重M1U01 1achieve vt. 赢得，取得：实现，成就M1U01 1grade n. 学分，成绩,等级M1U01 1 literature n. 文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献M1U01 1average adj. 一般的, 普通的，通常的, 平均的M1U01 1challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 M1U01 1 lunchtime n. 午餐时间 M1U01 1e-mail vt. 给……发电子邮件M1U01 1 for free ad. 免费M1U01 1extra a. 额外的,外加的M1U01 1 cooking n. 做饭，烹饪，烹调M1U01 1 prepare vt.&vi. 准备M1U01 1drop vt. 放弃M1U01 1Spanish n. 西班牙人, 西班牙语M1U01 1German n. 德国人, 德语M1U01 1 woodwork n. 木工手艺 M1U01 1 miss vt. 想念, 思念M1U01 1dessert n. 餐后甜点 M1U01 1field n. 运动场，操场 M1U01 1 experience vt. 体验, 经历M1U01 1 article n. 文章, 论文M1U01 1 penfriend n. 笔友M1U01 1introduce vt. 介绍, 传入, 引进M1U01 1 immediately ad. 立即, 马上M1U01 1 former a. 从前的, 以前的M1U01 1 recently ad. 最近M1U01 1culture n. 文化M1U01 1 develop vt. 培养，养成M1U01 1 photograph n. 照片，相片M1U01 1 donate vt. 捐赠, 捐献，赠予 M1U01 1 gift n. 赠品, 礼物M1U01 1display vt. 陈列, 展览M1U01 1 kindness n. 善举，好意, 善意M1U01 1 guest n. 客人, 来宾M1U01 1 speech n. 演说, 演讲, 讲话M1U01 1 flat n. 套房，公寓M1U01 1 bookcase n. 书架, 书柜, 书橱M1U01 1 attention n. 注意, 关心, 关注M1U01 1 pay attention to vt. 注意M1U01 1 please vt. 使满意, 取悦M1U01 1title n. (书的)名称, (文章等的）标题，题目M1U01 1dynasty n. 朝代, 王朝M1U01 1 cover n. (书的)封面, 盖子M1U01 1 back cover n. (书的)封底M1U01 1 recent a. 新近的, 最近的M1U01 1 professor n. 教授M1U01 1regret vt. & vi. 遗憾, 抱歉, 后悔, 惋惜M1U01 1inform vt. 通知, 告诉, 获悉, 告知M1U01 1run vt. 管理, 经营M1U01 1host n. 主持人, 主人，东道主M1U01 1 approve vt.& vi. 批准, 通过, 赞成M1U01 1broadcast vt.& n. 广播, 播放M1U01 1 preparation n. 准备, 筹备M1U01 1 close a. 紧密的, 靠近的M1U01 1 outing n. 短途旅行,远足M1U01 1 continue vt.& vi. 继续, 持续M1U01 1 poet n. 诗人M1U01 1generation n. 一代, 一代人M1U01 1模块6单词表7 / 28poem n. 诗, 诗篇M1U01 1select vt. 选择, 挑选M1U01 1 require vt. 需要, 要求M1U01 1 scary a. 吓人的，使人惊恐的M1U01 1 nature n. 自然, 自然界, 大自然M1U01 1act n. (戏剧的)一幕vt. 行动, 表演M1U02 2vacation n. <美>假期, 休假M1U02 2 curtain n. 窗帘, 门帘, （舞台上的）幕，幕布M1U02 2surprise n. 使吃惊, 使惊奇M1U02 2 be supposed to v. 应该……, 应当…...M1U02 2bend v i.& vt. 弯腰, 屈身，使弯曲M1U02 2touch vt. 接触, 触摸M1U02 2do with vt. 处理，处置M1U02 2 trash n. 垃圾M1U02 2explain vt.& vi. 解释, 说明M1U02 2 mess n. 杂乱，混乱, 一团糟M1U02 2 sink n. 水槽, 水池, 洗碗池M1U02 2 garbage n. 垃圾M1U02 2can n. 罐子，金属容器M1U02 2 trash can n. <美> 垃圾桶M1U02 2 leave vt. 使…...处于某种状态，听任M1U02 2charge n. 负责, 掌管M1U02 2in charge ad. 负责, 掌管M1U02 2 adult n. 成人, 成年人M1U02 2reason n. 理由, 原因M1U02 2 trust vt. 信任M1U02 2behavior n. <美>举止, 行为M1U02 2 unpunished a. 免受惩罚的M1U02 2 teenager n. (13至19岁的)青少年M1U02 2fault n. 过错, 错误M1U02 2slam vt. 砰地关上 M1U02 2go out vt. (灯)熄灭M1U02 2scene n. (戏剧的)一场，场面, 景色M1U02 2mad a. 狂怒的，疯狂的M1U02 2 not...anymore ad. 不再，再也不 M1U02 2 hard a. 苛刻的，严厉的M1U02 2 be hard on v. 对…...苛刻，对…...要求严格M1U02 2now that conj. 既然，由于M1U02 2 rude a. 粗鲁的, 无礼的M1U02 2 punish vt. 惩罚, 处罚M1U02 2 explanation n. 解释, 解说, 说明M1U02 2grown-up n. 成年人M1U02 2cash n. 现金M1U02 2okay a. 好的, 行的M1U02 2 grandparent n. 祖父母，外祖父母M1U02 2boring a. 令人厌烦的, 无聊的, 乏味的M1U02 2mark n. 标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号 M1U02 2 test n.& vt. 测验, 检验, 测验, 检查M1U02 2stay up vi. 不睡觉, 熬夜M1U02 2 upset a. 心烦的, 苦恼的vt. 使心烦，使苦恼M1U02 2after all ad. 毕竟M1U02 2mix vi.& vt. 混和, 混淆, 弄混M1U02 2 mix up vt. 混淆, 农乱，搅匀，拌和M1U02 2score n.& vt. 得分M1U02 2interest vt. 使……感兴趣 M1U02 2silly a. 愚蠢的M1U02 2sincerely ad. 真诚地M1U02 2column n. 专栏, 栏目M1U02 2as though conj. 好像，似乎M1U02 2 insist v t.& vi. 坚持, 坚持认为M1U02 2 insist on vt. 坚持, 坚持认为M1U02 2 cafe n. 咖啡馆, 小餐馆M1U02 2 Internet cafe n. 网吧M1U02 2chat vi. & n. 聊天, 闲谈M1U02 2 valuable a. 宝贵的，珍贵的，贵重的M1U02 2period n. 时间段，时期，阶段M1U02 2at present a d. 现在，目前, 当前M1U02 2 argument n. 争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点M1U02 2freedom n. 自由M1U02 2relationship n. 关系M1U02 2模块6单词表8 / 28mainly ad. 大体上, 主要地M1U02 2 suggest vt. 建议, 暗示, 提出, 使想到M1U02 2fight vi. 争吵，争论，打架，争斗M1U02 2crazy a. 发疯的，疯狂的M1U02 2like crazy ad. 发疯地，拼命地M1U02 2 spare a. 空闲的，多余的M1U02 2 selfish a. 自私的M1U02 2unloving a. 缺乏爱心的M1U02 2 forbid vt. 禁止M1U02 2truly ad. 真诚地, 真心地M1U02 2gym n. 健身房，体育馆M1U03 3 work out vi. 锻炼M1U03 3stay vi. 保持M1U03 3slim a. 苗条的, 纤细的M1U03 3 figure n. 体形, 身材M1U03 3 weight n. 体重，重量，杠铃片M1U03 3ashamed a. 惭愧的, 羞耻的M1U03 3 since c onj. 因为, 既然M1U03 3weight-loss a. 减肥的M1U03 3 exercise vi. 锻炼, 运动M1U03 3 work v i. 起作用，有效果，奏效M1U03 3 priceless a. 无价的, 珍贵的M1U03 3 recover vi. 痊愈，恢复健康，vt. 重新获得，恢复M1U03 3liver n. 肝脏M1U03 3failure n. 衰退，衰竭，故障，失灵M1U03 3contain vt. 包含, 容纳M1U03 3 harmful a. 有害的M1U03 3 chemical n. 化学物质, 化学药品 a. 化学的M1U03 3operation n. 手术M1U03 3exact a. 精确的, 准确的M1U03 3 match n. 相配的人或物, 配对物vt. & vi.相称, 匹配M1U03 3follow vt. 遵循, 遵守，依照M1U03 3 advice n. 忠告, 建议M1U03 3 seldom ad. 很少, 不常, 难得M1U03 3 damage n.& vt. 损害, 伤害M1U03 3 attractive a. 有吸引力的, 有魅力的M1U03 3 touching a. 动人的，感人的M1U03 3 stranger n. 陌生人M1U03 3 embarrassed a. 尴尬的M1U03 3 pressure n. 压力M1U03 3actress n. 女演员M1U03 3 overweight a. 肥胖的M1U03 3diet n. 节食, 日常的饮食vi.节食, 控制饮食M1U03 3go on diets i. 节食M1U03 3in secret ad. 秘密地M1U03 3 properly ad. 适当地, 合适地，合理地M1U03 3akinny a. 极搜的，皮包骨的M1U03 3 lift vt. 举起M1U03 3consider vt. 考虑, 认为M1U03 3 effect n. 效果, 作用, 影响M1U03 3 side effect n. 副作用M1U03 3fall out v. (头发等)脱落M1U03 3 affect vt. 影响M1U03 3sportsman n. 运动员M1U03 3 achievement n. 成就M1U03 3risk n.& vt. 冒险M1U03 3post n. (再网上发布的)帖子M1U03 3 put on weight v. 体重增加 M1U03 3 recognize vt. 认出, 识别, 认可, 公认M1U03 3lifestyle n. 生活方式, 生活习惯M1U03 3energy n. 能量M1U03 3regularly a. 定期地, 有规律地，经常地M1U03 3along with vt. 连同…...，随同……M1U03 3regular n. 定期的, 有规律的，经常的M1U03 3in the long term ad. 从长远角度看M1U03 3yet ad. 然而, 但是M1U03 3skip vt.& vi. 跳过，略过M1U03 3 control vt.& n. 控制M1U03 3calorie n. 卡路里, 卡M1U03 3 teenage a. 十几岁的 M1U03 3system n. 系统M1U03 3skin n. 皮肤M1U03 3模块6单词表9 / 28count vi. 算数, 有效M1U03 3 relaxed a. 放松的，轻松的M1U03 3 ability n. 能力, 才干M1U03 3 concentrate vt.& vi. 集中(注意力、精神等)，全神贯注M1U03 3amount n. 量, 数量M1U03 3as a matter of fact ad. 事实上M1U03 3 loss n. 损失, 丢失M1U03 3 suggestion n. 建议M1U03 3in no time a d. 马上, 立刻M1U03 3tale n. 故事, 传说M2U01 4 unexplained a. 无法解释的，神秘的M2U01 4puzzled a. 困惑的，茫然的M2U01 4 step up vt. 加强，加紧，促进M2U01 4 search n.& vi. &vt. 搜索, 搜寻, 探求, 搜查M2U01 4due to ad. 因为, 由于M2U01 4 sighting n. 目击，目睹M2U01 4 puzzling a. 令人困惑不解的M2U01 4 alien a. 外星人的n. 外星人M2U01 4 show up vt. 出现，露面M2U01 4 witness n. 证人, 目击者vt. 目击，见证M2U01 4according to ad. 根据M2U01 4full moon n. 满月M2U01 4multi-coloured a. 多色彩的, 五彩缤纷的M2U01 4white-skinned a. 白皮肤的 M2U01 4 strange-looking a. 怪模怪样的M2U01 4 creature n. 人, 动物M2U01 4UFO n. (Unidentified Flying Object)不明飞行物M2U01 4research n.& vi. &vt. 研究, 调查M2U01 4nightmare n. 梦魇，恶梦M2U01 4 frightening a. 令人恐惧的M2U01 4 rule out vt. 排除M2U01 4possibility n. 可能性M2U01 4look into vt. 调查，检查M2U01 4 make up vt. 编造，捏造，杜撰M2U01 4 tak charge of vt. 负责, 接管M2U01 4 case n. 案子, 案件M2U01 4murder n.& vt. 谋杀, 凶杀M2U01 4 convincing a. 令人信服的M2U01 4 evidence n. 证据M2U01 4outer a. 外部的, 外面的M2U01 4 outer space n. 太空, 外层空间M2U01 4progress n. 进展, 进步M2U01 4 disappointed a. 感到失望的M2U01 4 Yeti n. (Abominable Snowman) 雪人M2U01 4monster n. 怪物, 怪兽M2U01 4 treasure n. 财宝, 财富, 珍品, 财产M2U01 4lately ad. 近来, 最近M2U01 4 website n. 网站M2U01 4mysterious a. 神秘的M2U01 4 comic strip n. 连环漫画 M2U01 4 wild a. 野性的, 野生的M2U01 4 man-like a. 样子象人的M2U01 4 similar a. 相似的, 类似的M2U01 4 hairy a. 多毛的, 毛茸茸的M2U01 4 villager n. 村民M2U01 4mountain climber n. 登山者M2U01 4 thick a. 茂密的, 稠密的, 厚的M2U01 4 fur n. (动物的)毛皮, 皮毛M2U01 4 shoulder n. 肩, 肩部M2U01 4 national a. 国家的M2U01 4run after vt. 追赶, 追逐M2U01 4 strength n. 力量, 力气M2U01 4 footprint n. 足迹, 脚印M2U01 4 state n. 国家, 州M2U01 4support vt.& n. 支撑, 扶持, 支持, 搀扶M2U01 4existence n. 存在M2U01 4on everage ad. 平均M2U01 4inch n. 英寸(长度单位) M2U01 4 exist vt. 存在M2U01 4possibly ad. 可能M2U01 4mystery n. 神秘, 神秘的事物M2U01 4 adventure n. 冒险, 冒险经历M2U02 5 astonishing a. 令人惊讶的M2U02 5 camel n. 骆驼M2U02 5dusty a. 灰尘飞扬的, 满是灰尘的M2U02 5local a. 地方的, 当地的M2U02 5模块6单词表10 / 28camp vi. 宿营n. 宿营地M2U02 5 torch n. 火把，火炬, 手电筒M2U02 5dark n. 黑暗M2U02 5in the dark ad. 在黑暗中 M2U02 5 uncomfortable a. 不舒服的, 不自在的M2U02 5actually ad. 实际上, 事实上M2U02 5 white-water rafting n. 白浪漂流，激浪漂流M2U02 5clothing n. 衣服M2U02 5helmet n. 头盔, 钢盔M2U02 5life jacket n. 救生衣M2U02 5in case conj. 万一M2U02 5raft n. 筏子vi. 乘筏子漂流M2U02 5 upside down ad. 颠倒, 上下翻转过来M2U02 5whatever pron. 无论什么, 无论何事M2U02 5including prep. 包括M2U02 5 backpack n. 背包M2U02 5supply n. 供给，补给vt. 提供M2U02 5giraffe n. 长颈鹿M2U02 5gun n. 枪，炮M2U02 5scare vt. 使恐惧，惊吓 M2U02 5up close ad. 靠近地M2U02 5tiring a. 让人疲劳的,累人的 M2U02 5 sick a. 感到恶心的，患病的M2U02 5 sunset n. 日落，晚霞M2U02 5 African a. 非洲的n. 非洲M2U02 5 bite vi.& vt. 咬M2U02 5envy vt.& n. 羡慕，嫉妒M2U02 5 view n. 景色，风景M2U02 5forward ad. 向前，向着将来M2U02 5 look forward to v t. 期待，盼望M2U02 5 note n. 便条，短信M2U02 5 interview vt.& n. 采访，访问M2U02 5 schedule n. 日程表，时间表，进度表M2U02 5sunrise n. 日出，朝霞M2U02 5 dawn n. 黎明，拂晓M2U02 5 surprisingly ad. 令人惊讶地，意外地M2U02 5 total a. 完全的, 总计的, 全体的, 全然的M2U02 5silence n. 寂静, 沉默M2U02 5 cable car n. <美>(电)缆车M2U02 5 beauty n. 美, 美景, 美人M2U02 5 south-west n. 西南方a.西南方的ad.在西南方, 向西南方M2U02 5northwards ad. 向北M2U02 5horizon n. 地平线, 视野M2U02 5 kingdom n. 王国M2U02 5snow-capped a. (山等)顶部积雪的, 带雪冠的M2U02 5reach vi. 达到, 延伸M2U02 5 perfect a. 完美的, 全然的, 理想的, 正确的, 熟练的M2U02 5officially ad. 正式地, 官方地M2U02 5 spot n. 地点, 场所M2U02 5tourist spot n. 旅游点M2U02 5 publish vt. 出版M2U02 5perfectly ad. 完美地, 不折不扣地M2U02 5county n. 县, 郡M2U02 5 government n. 政府M2U02 5claim vt. 要求, 声称, 声称M2U02 5 tower vi. 屹立, 高耸, 高高升起n. 塔, 城堡, 塔楼M2U02 5form vt.& vi. 形成, 构成n. 形状, 形态, 外形M2U02 5viewer n. 观看者，观众 M2U02 5 speechless a. 无法用言语形容的, 一时说不出话的M2U02 5surround vt. 包围, 环绕，围绕M2U02 5 vast a. 广阔的, 辽阔的M2U02 5 grassland n. 草地, 草原M2U02 5 jewel n. 宝石M2U02 5heavenly a. 天堂般的 M2U02 5 harmony n. 和谐, 协调, 融洽M2U02 5 provide vt. 提供, 供应, 供给M2U02 5 endless a. 无穷尽的, 无止境的, 没完没了的M2U02 5Tibetan a. 西藏的, 藏族人的n. 西藏人, 藏族人M2U02 5common a. 普通的M2U02 5heaven n. 天空, 天堂M2U02 5模块6单词表11 / 28mild a. 温和的, 平和的M2U02 5 curse n. 诅咒, 咒语vt.诅咒, 咒骂M2U03 6mummy n. 木乃伊M2U03 6 explorer n. 探险家M2U03 6brave a. 勇敢的M2U03 6 adventurous a. 喜欢冒险的, 充满危险的M2U03 6artist n. 艺术家M2U03 6bright a. 聪明的, 伶俐的M2U03 6 curious a. 好奇的, 求知欲强的M2U03 6sail n. 航行, 船帆M2U03 6set sail v. 启航，开船M2U03 6 Egyptian a. 埃人的, 埃及人的n. 埃及人M2U03 6gold n. 黄金M2U03 6preserve vt. 保护, 保持, 保存M2U03 6 discovery n. 发现M2U03 6valley n. 山谷, 峡谷M2U03 6 riches n. (复数)财富, 财产M2U03 6 as well as ad. 也，以及 M2U03 6empty vt. 倒空, 倾空，腾空M2U03 6 right away ad. 立即, 马上M2U03 6 strangely ad. 奇怪地, 莫名其妙的M2U03 6present a. 出席的, 到场的M2U03 6 fever n. 发烧, 发热M2U03 6 secretary n. 秘书M2U03 6shortly ad. 不久, 很快M2U03 6 within prep. 在…...之内, 不超过M2U03 6coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧M2U03 6 scientific a. 科学的M2U03 6virus n. 病毒M2U03 6fresh a. 新鲜的M2U03 6disturb vt. 打扰, 扰乱M2U03 6 result vi. 结果, 导致M2U03 6 illness n. 疾病M2U03 6examine vt. 检查，考查，仔细观察M2U03 6certain a. 确定的, 肯定的M2U03 6 fully ad. 充分地, 完全地, 彻底地M2U03 6 finally ad. 最后, 终于M2U03 6 pay off vt. 成功，带来好结果M2U03 6 ancient a. 古代的，远古的M2U03 6 compare vi.& vt. 比较M2U03 6 express vt. 表达, 表示M2U03 6 childhood n. 童年, 儿童时代, 孩提时期M2U03 6aeroplane n. 飞机M2U03 6organize vt. 组织M2U03 6base n. 底部, 基础, 大本营, 基地vt.以…...作基础M2U03 6contact vt.& n. 接触, 联系M2U03 6 maker n. 制造者, 制造商M2U03 6 a great deal of a. 大量, 许多M2U03 6 survivor n. 死里逃生者,幸存者 M2U03 6 captain n. 船长M2U03 6warning n. 提醒, 警告M2U03 6 iceberg n. 冰山M2U03 6survive vi.& vt. 幸存, 生还M2U03 6 westerner n. 西方人M2U03 6once conj. 一旦M2U03 6orbit n. 轨道vt. 沿……的轨道飞行M2U03 6astronaut n. 宇航员M2U03 6north-eastern a. 东北方的, 来自东北的M2U03 6army n. 陆军, 军队M2U03 6fighter n. 斗士, 战士, 歼击机, 战斗机M2U03 6pilot n. 飞行员M2U03 6project n. 工程, 计划, 项目M2U03 6 pick vt. 挑选M2U03 6candidate n. 候选人, 申请人M2U03 6 survival n. 幸存, 生还M2U03 6 rocket n. 火箭M2U03 6prove vt.& vi. 证明, 证实M2U03 6 qualified a. 有资格的, 合格的M2U03 6 task n. 任务M2U03 6psychological a. 心理(上)的M2U03 6 position n. 位置, 职位M2U03 6 commander n. 司令官, 指挥官, 首长M2U03 6quality n. 质量, 品质M2U03 6 successful a. 成功的M2U03 6indeed ad. 的确, 确实M2U03 6模块6单词表12 / 28manage vi. 设法，努力，争取M2U03 6 live vt. 实践，身体力行M2U03 6 sense n.& vt 感官，感觉,意义/感到, 理解, 认识M3U01 7fog n. 雾, 烟雾, 尘雾M3U01 7 weatherman n. 气象员M3U01 7 truth n. 事实, 真理, 原理M3U01 7 observe vt. 观察/测, 注意到, 观察到M3U01 7rest n. 其余, 其他M3U01 7glance vi.& n. 瞥, 扫视M3U01 7 nowhere ad. 无处, 到处都无M3U01 7 footstep n. 脚步, 脚步声M3U01 7 deserted a. 被抛弃的, 空无一人的M3U01 7sight n. 视力, 视觉, 视野, 眼界 M3U01 7 in sight ad. 看得见, 在视力范围之内M3U01 7rough a. 粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的, 粗暴的M3U01 7brush vt. 轻擦，轻拂，掠过，轻轻擦拭M3U01 7beat vi. (心脏)跳动M3U01 7fear n.& vt. 害怕, 畏惧M3U01 7soft a. (声音)轻, 轻柔的, 悦耳的, 软的, 柔软的M3U01 7wish for vt. 盼望，企盼，渴望M3U01 7 still a. 静止的, 不动的, 静寂的M3U01 7 darkness n. 黑暗M3U01 7second n. 秒, 片刻M3U01 7reach out vt. 伸出, vi. 伸出手M3U01 7 stare v i. 凝视, 盯着看M3U01 7stare up at vt. 抬头凝视 M3U01 7 watch out for vt. 留意，留心，戒备, 提防, 密切注意 M3U01 7step n. 台阶M3U01 7firmly ad. 坚定地, 稳固地, 牢牢地M3U01 7helper n. 帮助者，帮手，助手M3U01 7rare a. 稀罕的, 罕见的, 杰出的, 珍贵的M3U01 7pay back vt. 报答, 偿还(借款) M3U01 7 freeze vi. (使)僵住, 呆住M3U01 7 be frozen with v. 由…...于而呆住M3U01 7confidently ad. 自信地, 信心十足地M3U01 7personally a d. 亲自，本人直接地, 当面M3U01 7smell n. 味道, 气味, 臭味, 嗅觉M3U01 7reduce vt. 减轻, 减少M3U01 7 volunteer n. 志愿者, 志愿兵M3U01 7 experiment n. 实验, 试验M3U01 7 sniff vt. 嗅, 闻M3U01 7vanilla n. 香子兰, 香草香精M3U01 7 unpleasant a. 让人不愉快的 M3U01 7 durian n. 榴莲M3U01 7related a. 相关的, 有联系的M3U01 7 be related to v. 与…...有联系的, 和…...有关联的M3U01 7change n. 变化M3U01 7data n. (datum的复数) 数据M3U01 7 add vt. 补充说, 补充, 添加M3U01 7 link vt.& vi. 联系, 连接, 相关联M3U01 7be linked to v. 和…...有联系的, 和…...有关联的M3U01 7make sense v. 有意义, 有道理, 讲得通M3U01 7overall a. 全部的, 全面的, 总体的M3U01 7make the most of vt. 充分利用 M3U01 7 stressed a. 紧张的，感到有压力的M3U01 7blood n. 血, 血液, 血统M3U01 7 blood pressure n. 血压M3U01 7misuse vt. 误用, 错用, 滥用, 虐待M3U01 7everyday a. 每天的, 日常的M3U01 7 television n. 电视, 电视机, 电视广播事业M3U01 7touch n. 触觉, 接触vt.接触, 触摸M3U01 7ignore vt. 不理睬, 忽视M3U01 7 nightshirt n. 男用睡衣 M3U01 7deeply ad. 深, 沉, 深深地M3U01 7模块6单词表13 / 28ache vi& n. 疼痛M3U01 7snowstorm n. 暴风雪M3U01 7can't help doing vt. 禁不住(做…...)，忍不住(做…...) M3U01 7destination n. 目的地M3U01 7 warm up vt. (使)暖起来, (使)热身M3U01 7impossible a. 不可能的 M3U01 7 sweat vi. 出汗, 流汗n.汗, 汗水M3U01 7sudden a. 突然的, 意外的M3U01 7 all of a sudden ad. 突然地：出乎意料地M3U01 7ring out vi. (铃声、钟声等)突然响起M3U01 7make progress vi. 取得进步, 进步M3U01 7muscle n. 肌肉M3U01 7transplant n.& vt. 移植M3U01 7 temporarily ad. 暂时地, 临时地M3U01 7fly vt. 空运M3U01 7treatment n. 对待, 处理, 治疗M3U01 7 hopefully ad. 有希望地, 有前途地M3U01 7accept vt. 接受, 接纳M3U01 7 method n. 方法M3U01 7tap n.& vi. 轻拍M3U01 7display n. 陈列品，展览品M3U01 7 corridor n. 走廊M3U01 7My goodness! n. 天哪! M3U01 7 whisper vt.& vi. 低声说, 耳语n.耳语M3U01 7bang v i. 碰撞，发出砰的一声M3U01 7 bang into vt. 撞着某物 M3U01 7type n. 类型, 型号M3U01 7great white shark n. 大白鲨M3U01 7 movie n. 电影M3U01 7fierce a. 凶猛的,强悍的M3U01 7 tiger shark n. 虎鲨M3U01 7bull shark n. 牛鲨M3U01 7chance n. 机会, 可能性, 机遇M3U01 7drown vi.& vt. 溺死, 淹死M3U01 7 feed on vt. 以…...为食, 吃M3U01 7 dump vi. 碰，撞M3U01 7sneak n. 偷偷摸摸的行为M3U01 7 latter a. (两者中)后者的n.(两者中的)后者M3U01 7likely a. 可能的M3U01 7deadly a. 致命的M3U01 7wound n. 创伤, 伤口vt.使受伤M3U01 7distance n. 距离M3U01 7jewellery n. 珠宝M3U01 7shiny a. 发光的, 发亮的M3U01 7 avoid vt. 避免, 避开M3U01 7 water sports n. 水上运动 M3U01 7tip n. 建议M3U01 7panic vi. 惊慌, 恐慌M3U01 7 stick vt. 将…...刺入M3U01 7 lightning n. 闪电M3U01 7throughout ad. 遍及, 贯穿M3U02 8 confusing a. 令人迷惑的，令人不解的M3U02 8be made up of vt. 由……组成M3U02 8 vocabulary n. 词汇, 词汇量, 词表M3U02 8Celtic n. 凯尔特语 M3U02 8 Cermanic a. 日耳曼民族的 M3U02 8 tribe n. 部落, 部族M3U02 8 European a. 欧洲的, 欧洲人的n.欧洲人M3U02 8Angle n. 盎格鲁人 M3U02 8Saxon n. 撒克逊人 M3U02 8Jute n. 朱特人M3U02 8invade vt. 入侵, 侵略M3U02 8 Anglo-Saxon n. 盎格鲁撒克逊语M3U02 8Viking n. 维京人, 北欧海盗M3U02 8 Scandinavian a. 斯堪的纳维亚的M3U02 8create vt. 创造, 创建, 创作M3U02 8 nowadays ad. 现今, 现在M3U02 8 official a. 官方的, 正式的M3U02 8 consist vi. 组成, 构成M3U02 8 consist of vt. 由…...组成, 由…...构成M3U02 8模块6单词表14 / 28pick up vt. 捡起, 拿起M3U02 8lift up vt. 拿起, 举起M3U02 8 Norse n. 挪威语M3U02 8factor n. 因素, 要素M3U02 8 contribute vi.& vt. 贡献M3U02 8 contribute to vt. 是……的成因之一M3U02 8development n. 发展，开发M3U02 8 Norman n. 诺曼人adj. 诺曼的, 诺曼人的M3U02 8conquer vt. 征服, 战胜M3U02 8 take control of vt. 控制, 取得对……的控制M3U02 8conquest n. 征服M3U02 8invasion n. 侵略M3U02 8rule vt. & n. 统治M3U02 8replace vt. 取代, 替换, 代替M3U02 8 despite prep. 尽管M3U02 8impact n. 巨大的影响, 碰撞, 冲击M3U02 8servant n. 仆人M3U02 8raise vt. 饲养M3U02 8ox n. 牛, 公牛M3U02 8mutton n. 羊肉M3U02 8bacon n. 咸肉, 熏肉M3U02 8 plural a. 复数的M3U02 8ending n. 词尾, 结尾, 结局M3U02 8 upper a. 上层的, 上面的, 上部的M3U02 8class n. 班级, 阶级, 等级，阶层M3U02 8 adopt vt. 采用, 收养M3U02 8 tongue n. 舌头, 语言M3U02 8 mother tongue n. 母语, 本国语M3U02 8 occasion n. 场合, 时机, 机会M3U02 8 modern a. 近代的, 现代的, 现代化的, 时髦的, 时新的M3U02 8include vt. 包括, 包含M3U02 8 Latin a. 拉丁文的, 拉丁语的n.拉丁语M3U02 8Greek n. 希腊的, 希腊人的n.希腊人, 希腊语M3U02 8pronunciation n. 发音, 语音M3U02 8 undergo vt. 经历, 遭受, 忍受M3U02 8 style n. 风格, 时尚, 文体, 风度 M3U02 8 dialect n. 方言M3U02 8process n. 过程, 进程M3U02 8 depend vi. 视…...而定, 依靠, M3U02 8 depend on vt. 视…...而定, 依靠, 取决于, 依赖于M3U02 8record vt. 记录, 将…...录音M3U02 8 promise vt. & vi. 允诺, 答应n.许诺, 诺言M3U02 8difficulty n. 困难, 难点M3U02 8look up vt. (在书词典中)查找M3U02 8 unknown a. 不知道的, 未知的M3U02 8 context n. 上下文, 语境M3U02 8 disagree vi. 意见不一, 分歧, 不一致M3U02 8standard n. 标准adj. 标准的M3U02 8 set vt. 确定(标准等), 制定(规则等) M3U02 8phrase n. 短语, 习语, 惯用语, 成语M3U02 8care about vt. 关注，在意，关心, 担心M3U02 8department n. 部门M3U02 8ban vt. 禁止, 取缔M3U02 8pure a. 纯的, 纯粹的, 纯净的, 纯洁的, 完美的M3U02 8spread vt.& vi. 传播n.传播M3U02 8 easily ad. 容易地, 不费力地M3U02 8 access vt. 接近, 使用n.接近的机会，享用权M3U02 8across prep. 在…...各处，遍及M3U02 8Malay n. 马来人, 马来语adj.马来语的，马来人的 M3U02 8Tamil n. 泰米尔人, 泰米尔语adj.泰米尔语的M3U02 8racial a. 种族的M3U02 8Hindu n. 印度人adj.印度人的M3U02 8character n. (书写或印刷)符号M3U02 8 Chinese character n. 汉字，中国字M3U02 8differ vi. 相异, 有区别M3U02 8 differ from vt. 不同于, 和…...不同; 和…...意见不一致M3U02 8模块6单词表15 / 28numerous a. 许多的, 无数的, 众多的M3U02 8represent vt. 代表M3U02 8action n. 动作, 行动, 举动, 行为M3U02 8combine vt.& vi. 组合, (使)联合, (使)结合M3U02 8writing n. 文字, 文学作品M3U02 8 pictograph n. 象形文字 M3U02 8 drawing n. 绘画, 绘画作品M3U02 8 physical a. 有形的, 实物的M3U02 8 square a. 正方形的, 方的n.正方形,方形M3U02 8simplify vt. 单化M3U02 8complex a. 复杂的M3U02 8as a whole ad. 作为整体, 总体上M3U02 8originally ad. 最初, 原先, 起先M3U02 8 peak n. 山峰, 峰M3U02 8 eventuallyad. 最后, 终于, 最终M3U02 8 turn into vt. (使)变成M3U02 8reflect vt. 反射, 反映M3U02 8 element n. 成分, 组成成分, 要素, 元素M3U02 8prisoner n. 囚犯M3U02 8symbol n. 符号, 记号, 象征M3U02 8 direction n. 方向, 指导, 趋势M3U02 8 opposite n. 相反的事物, 相对立的事物M3U02 8indicate vt. 显示, 象征, 表示, 暗示M3U02 8pronounce vt. 发音, 宣告, 断言M3U02 8pictophonetic a. 形声的M3U02 8 civilization n. 文明M3U03 9lecture n. 讲座M3U03 9Roman n. 罗马人adj.罗马的, 罗马人的M3U03 9take over vt. 夺取，接收, 接管M3U03 9 volcano n. 火山M3U03 9erupt vi. (火山)爆发M3U03 9 lava n. 熔岩, 火山岩M3U03 9ash n. 火山灰, 灰, 灰烬M3U03 9 rock n. 岩石M3U03 9 unfortunately a. 不幸地M3U03 9 bury vt. 埋, 埋葬, 掩埋M3U03 9 stone n. 石, 石头, 宝石M3U03 9 archaeologist n. 考古学家 M3U03 9 director n. 主任, 主管, 导演, 负责人M3U03 9mud n. 泥, 泥浆M3U03 9mosaic n. 马赛克M3U03 9body n. 身体, 肉体, 尸体M3U03 9 binoculars n. 双筒望远镜M3U03 9 destroy vt. 毁坏, 摧毁M3U03 9 house vt. 收藏, 贮藏M3U03 9 wealthy a. 富有的, 丰富的, 富裕的, 富饶的M3U03 9commercial a. 商业的, 贸易的M3U03 9gradually ad. 渐渐地，逐渐地M3U03 9 sandstorm n. 沙尘暴, 风沙M3U03 9 cultural a. 文化的M3U03 9 institute n. (教育、专业等的)机构, 研究所M3U03 9Swedish a. 瑞典的, 瑞典人(语)的n.瑞典人, 瑞典语M3U03 9ruin n. (常作ruins) 废墟，遗迹M3U03 9remains n. 遗迹, 遗物, 遗址，残留物M3U03 9paint v t. (用颜料等)画, 油漆M3U03 9pot n. 罐, 壶M3U03 9material n. 材料，原料, 物质M3U03 9 document n. 文件, 文档, 档案, 文献M3U03 9temple n. 庙, 寺庙M3U03 9 workshop n. 作坊, 工场, 车间M3U03 9 enormous a. 巨大的, 庞大的M3U03 9 archaeological a. 考古的, 考古学的M3U03 9wise a. 明智的, 英明的, 高明的M3U03 9 heat n. 热, 热度M3U03 9drive v t. 迫使(某人生气、发疯等) M3U03 9passage n. 通道, 过道M3U03 9 burial n. 埋葬M3U03 9chamber n. (作特定用途的)室, 房间。
考研英语必考核心词汇详解emerge
考研英语必考核心词汇详解1. emerge vt.显现,浮现，出现引申：emerging: adj 新兴的（正在出现的）真题搭配：emerging company: 新兴的公司2. emergency n.紧急情况,突然事件3. deteriorate v.(使)恶化,(使)变坏解析：deterior（糟糕的）+ate真题搭配：a dark and deteriorating social environment 一个黑暗的恶化的社会环境4. curb n.路边vt.制止，抑制近义词：constrain; restrict5. authority n.权力，权威; 当局，政府（pl）真题搭配：local authorities: 地方政府6. politician n.政治家,政客来源：politics: n 政治7. encourage v.鼓励解析：en(赋予)+courage（勇气）---赋予勇气搭配：encourage sb to do sth: 鼓励某人做某事8. cast v.投,扔,掷,抛真题搭配：cast doubts on ：怀疑9. surge vi.汹涌，急剧增长真题搭配：surging traffic：急剧增长的交通量10. territory n.领土; 领域,范围解析：terri(土地)+tory(名词尾缀)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of hisworks. (2014)词汇词组击破：By all accounts: 大家都说freethinking: adj 思想自由的courageous: adj 有勇气的essential: adj 最基本的，最根本的let alone: 更不必说performance: n 演奏句子拆解：By all accounts he was a freethinking person, 大家都说他是一个思想自由的人and a courageous one, 并且是一个有勇气的人and I find courage an essential quality 并且我发现勇气是一个最基本的品质for the understanding, 对于理解let alone the performance, 更不必说演奏of his works. 他的作品合：人们都说他是一个思想自由的人，一个充满勇气的人，而且我发现，勇气对于理解其作品是最基本的，更不必说是演奏其作品了。
新进阶视听说1 Practice Test two 听力录音原文及答案
Practice Test TwoScript and Answer KeySection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).News Report OneE-commerce giant Alibaba broke records with sales of $14.3 billion on China Singles’Day. It is the largest online shopping day in the world. Online sales from last year increased 60 percent, according to Alibaba. Most people shopped on mobile devices, said the firm.China Singles’ Day takes place on November 11, or 11.11 each year. Alibaba promoted it as a shopping day in 2009. There are steep discounts and other promotions designed to attract online customers. Singles’ Day quickly became a retail sensation.China Singles’ Day “has now become larger than both Cyber Monday and Black Friday combined,” the two biggest shopping days in the U.S., reported NBC News.Kitty Fok is China manager for market research from IDC. She told the BBC that online shopping had become a comfortable channel for most consumers.The company is focusing on international e-commerce for future Singles’ Days, reported Reuters.“Within the next five years, we expect China will become the world’s largest e-commerce market for imported products,” President Michael Evans told reporters on Wednesday.Alibaba Chief Executive Daniel Zhang said in a statement that Singles’ Day would mean that “the whole world will witness the power of Chinese consumption.”Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is NOT true about the sales on China Singles’ Day?2. What is the strategy of Alibaba for the Singles’ Day event in coming years?Key1. B2. DNews Report TwoThe first large group of Chinese immigrants came to the United States in the middle 1800s. At that time, some Chinese moved to the American west to build a railroad across the country. Many others worked in mines or on farms. Chinese immigrants helped the U.S. economy. However, most Americans saw the Chinese as competitors.William Wei teaches history at the University of Colorado in Boulder. He says Chinese immigrants were not treated well. They had to live together in poor neighborhoods, or do hardwork in laundries and restaurants that did not pay very much.Mr. Wei says the American public did not believe Chinese immigrants could ever be part of their society. In fact, in 1882 the US Congress approved and the president signed the Chinese Exclusion Act. The law barred Chinese people from moving to the United States and becoming citizens. It was the first and only US law to ban a specific ethnic group.The US government cancelled the ban during the 1940s after China became an American ally in World War II. Yet the government limited the number of Chinese migrants to just 105 per year. Finally, in 1965, the government ended the system restricting Chinese immigration.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. Which is NOT a typical work for early Chinese immigrants in the 1800s?4. When did the US government totally cancelled the ban of Chinese immigration?Key3. D4. CNews Report ThreeLeaders in Paris negotiating a climate change agreement missed their deadline Friday. Representatives from 195 countries have spent two weeks in Paris trying to reach agreement at the United Nations climate talks, known as COP21. French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius extended the deadline until Saturday when the deadline could not be met.The biggest sticking points are financial aid and the long-term goal. First, how much financial aid will the rich nations give the poorer nations to help them cut gas emissions? Second, what will the final long-term goal say in the agreement? The latest draft of the agreement calls for “the widest possible cooperation by all countries” to cut emission of greenhouse gases. Scientists say those gases are warming the planet and changing the climate to an extreme.A major point of disagreement has been who will pay for reducing these emissions. Representatives of 134 developing countries objected to conditions suggested by richer industrialized nations.Richer countries have produced most of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. Those gases are blamed for rising temperatures on the planet. Poorer nations want developed ones to pay for measures that arrest pollution.Scientists warn that rising temperatures will make Earth more difficult for human life. They say there will be rising sea levels, damaging storms and severe droughts. Some island nations at the conference said they will disappear underwater when higher global temperatures raise sea levels.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. Why was the deadline of the conference postponed to Saturday?6. What is the major disagreement about?7. Which of the following is NOT caused by greenhouse gases?Key5. C6. C7. ASection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Conversation OneAgent: Hi! Welcome to Rental Property Management. How may I help you?Bill: Hi, yes. I’m interested in renting a two-bedroom apartment.Agent: Okay. If you have a seat, one of our rental agents will be with you in a moment.Bill: Thank you.Associate: Hi, my name is Ann Smith.Bill: Hi, I’m Bill Harrington.Ann: Hi, Mr. Harrington. I would like to ask you a few questions before I show you what we have available, so that we will be able to match your needs better. First, what price range are you interested in?Bill: Somewhere between $400–$450 a month.Ann: Okay. Do you have a specific location in mind?Bill: Well, I would like to live somewhere near the university. Or at least on a bus line. Ann: And when would you like to move in?Bill: On the first of the month.Ann: Okay. Are there any other amenities which you would like to have? For example, a dishwasher, a balcony, a swimming pool or central air conditioning?Bill: I would definitely like to have a dishwasher, and with summers like these, central air! A balcony is not that important. Oh, yes, and two bathrooms would be nice.Ann: Okay. Here are photos of the apartments we have available which fit your preferences. Bill: Thank you. This one on Broadway Avenue looks nice. I would like to see that one. And the one on Main Street.Ann: Sure. Let me get the keys and we will go look at them. If you choose to rent one of them, we will need a damage deposit of $250. You will be responsible for all the utilities. You can sign a lease today, if you like.Bill: Great! Thank you.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. Where did this conversation take place?9. What is Bill’s p rice range?10. Where would Bill prefer to live?11. When would Bill like to move in?Key8. D 9. C 10. C 11. BConversation TwoM: Susan, do you know when Professor Jones’ Biology final is?W: Next Tuesday.M: Next Tuesday! That’s less than a week away,and I’ve got things planned for this weekend. When am I going to be able to study for it? Why is he having it so soon? There are still three weeks left in the semester.W: Haven’t you been studying all along?M: I’ve kept up with my lecture notes, but I haven’t reviewed at all.W: Then it’s your own fault. The date of the final is clearly marked on the course outline. M: I suppose you are right, but doesn’t it seem awfully early to be having a final?W: A little, but it should actually help us out. After w e’ve finished with it, we can concentrate on our other finals.M: Are you ready for it?W: I think I am. I’m going to review more of course. Maybe we should study together sometime this weekend.M: I can’t tomorrow. I’m going out with some guys to that new nightspot downtown.W: How about the following night?M: No, I can’t Saturday either. My sister and her husband are coming to town and I want to show them around.W: Sunday then?M: Well, I’ll probably sleep all morning and in the afternoon I want to go t o the football match. And that night I have to write and type up a paper for another class.W: Michael, that leaves Monday, the night before the test.M: Actually, I’ve got plans for Monday night too. How about Tuesday?W: Michael, the test is on Tuesday!Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What day of the week is it?13. What is Michael planning to do on Sunday afternoon?14. In how many days will the test be?15. Why does the woman think it is good that the test will be early?Key12. A 13. C 14. B 15. ASection CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneNot long ago I was invited out to dinner by a girl called Sally. I had only met Sally twice, and she was very, very beautiful. I was flattered. “She likes me,” I thought. But I was in for a disappointment.“I’m so sorry we asked you at such short notice,” she said when I arrived, “but we suddenly realized there were going to be thirteen people at the table, so we just had to find somebody else.” A superstition. Thi rteen. The unlucky number.Recently I came upon a small group of worried people, gathering round a man lying on the pavement beside a busy London road. They were waiting for an ambulance, because the man had been knocked down by a passing taxi. Apparently he had stepped off the pavement and into the street, to avoid walking under a ladder. They say this superstition goes back to the days when criminals were hanged on the gallows on a platform. To get up on to the platform you had to climb a ladder. To pass under the shadow of that ladder was very unlucky.Other superstitions are not so easily explained. To see a black cat in England is lucky, but if you see a black cat in India, it is considered very unlucky. There too, if you are about to set out on a long journey, and someone sneezes, you shouldn’t go. Break a mirror—you will have seven years’ bad luck. Find a four-leafed clover, you will have good luck. Just crazy superstitions, of course. I have an African friend. One day he said to me: “If ever an Africa n says to you that he is not superstitious, that man is a liar.”Perhaps that’s true of all of us.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. Why did Sally apologize when the speaker arrived?17. Why did the man step off the pavement and got injured in an accident?18. Where do people consider it unlucky to see a black cat?Key16. A 17. C 18. BPassage TwoIn the days when ice cream sundae cost much less, a 10-year-old boy entered a hotel coffee shop and sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him. “How much is an ice cream sundae?”“Fifty cents,” replied the waitress.The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket and studied a number of coins in it. “How much is a dish of plain ice cream?” he inquire d.Some people were now waiting for a table and the waitress was a bit impatient. “Thirty-five cents,” she said quickly to the boy.The little boy again counted the coins. “I’ll have the plain ice cream,” he said.The waitress brought the ice cream, put the bill on the table, and walked away. The boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and departed. When the waitress came back, she began wiping down the table and then was surprised at what she saw. There, placed neatlybeside the empty dish, were two nickels and five cents—her tip.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. Why didn’t the little boy buy an ice cream sundae?20. How much did the boy put on the table?21. Which of the following adjectives is the most suitable to describe the waitress’ feeling at the end of the story?Key19. C 20. D 21. DPassage ThreeNearly all British people in full-time jobs have at least four weeks’ holiday a year, often in two or three separate periods. The normal working week is 35 to 40 hours, Monday to Friday. People who have to work in shifts with unsocial hours are paid extra for the inconvenience.There are only eight official public holidays a year, only one of them in the six months before Christmas. None of them celebrates anything to do with state or nation, though the first Monday in May was made a “bank holiday” by a recent Labour government as the British holiday in honour of working people.The most obvious and traditional British holiday destination is the coast. No place in the country is more than three hours’ journey from some part of it. The coast is full of variety, with good cliffs and rocks between the beaches, but the uncertain weather and cold sea are serious disadvantages. Also, two weeks in a hotel room with balcony and private bath can now cost less in Spain or Greece, with flights included, than the same in a British hotel. Most of the hotels in the numerous seaside resort towns were built in the railway age, between 50 and 100 years ago, and seem not be used as much by people going to conferences as by those on holiday. Going to a conference can be a sort of holiday, even in working time and with expenses paid.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. How long is the annual holiday for nearly all British full-time employees?23. How many official public holidays are there in one year in Britain?24. How can British people enjoy their holidays besides going to the seaside in Britain?25. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage for holiday-makers at a British seaside resort?Key22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D。
五年级上册英语第25页
Unit 5 The Earth25. The EarthI. Look at the picture and answer the questions.1.What is the Earth?The Earth is a planet.2.What is the Earth’s shape?The Earth is a sphere.3.What is the Earth’s surface like?The Earth’s surface is made up of land and water.4.What is the Earth’s atmosphere like?The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of gases.5.What is the Earth’s climate like?The Earth’s climate is very diverse.II. Read the passage and answer the questions.The Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is the only planet in our solar system that is known to support life. The Earth is a sphere, but it is not a perfect sphere. It is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator.The Earth’s surface is made up of land and water. Land makes up about 30% o f the Earth’s surface, while water makes up about 70%. The Earth’s landmasses are divided into seven continents: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. The Earth’s oceans are divided into four basins: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean.The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of gases. The most common gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen. The Earth’s atmosphere also contains small amounts of other gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide, and methane.The Earth’s climate is very diverse. The Earth’s climate is determined by a number of factors, including the Earth’s distance from the Sun, the Earth’s tilt, and the Earth’s rotation. The Earth’s climate is also influenced by the Earth’s oceans and atmosphere.1. What is the Earth’s position in the solar system?The Earth is the third planet from the Sun.2. What is the Earth’s shape?The Earth is a sphere, but it is not a perfect sphere. It is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator.3. What is the Earth’s surface like?The Earth’s surface is made up of land and water. Land makes up about 30% of the Earth’s surface, while water makes up about 70%.4. What is the Earth’s atmosphere like?The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of gases. The most common gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen. The Earth’s atmosphere also contains small amounts of other gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide, and methane.5. What is the Earth’s climate like?The Earth’s climate is very diverse. The Earth’s climate is determined by a number of factors, including the Earth’s distance from the Sun, the Earth’s tilt, and the Earth’s rotation. The Earth’s climate is also influenced by the Earth’s oceans and atmosphere.III. Complete the sentences.1.The Earth is the ____ planet from the Sun.third2.The Earth is a ____, but it is not a perfect sphere.sphere3.The Earth’s surface is made up of ____ and ____.land, water4.The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of ____.gases5.The Earth’s climate is ____.very diverseIV. Write a short paragraph about the Earth.The Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is the only planet in our solar system that is known to support life. The Earth is a sphere, but it is not a perfect sphere. It is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator. The Earth’s surface is made up of land and water. Land makes up about 30% of the Earth’s surface, while water makes up about 70%. The Earth’s landmasses are divided into seven continents: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. The Earth’s oceans are divided into four basins: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, theIndian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of gases. The most common gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen. The Earth’s atmosphere also contains small amounts of other gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide, and methane. The Earth’s climate is very diverse. The Earth’s climate is determined by a numb er of factors, including the Earth’s distance from the Sun, the Earth’s tilt, and the Earth’s rotation. The Earth’s climate is also influenced by the Earth’s oceans and atmosphere.。
全新版大学英语2Unit1词汇、短语、语言难点
全新版大学英语2U n i t1词汇、短语、语言难点-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1重点词汇、短语和难句I．核心词汇1.attach用法：v.（1）附上，系上，贴上：He will attach labels to the luggage.他将把标签贴在行李上。
（2）参加，加入：The daughter of millionaire attach herself to an expedition team and laterlost her life in a snowstorm near the North Pole.百万富翁的女儿加入了探险队，后来在北极附近的一次风暴中遇难身亡。
He made a model of an aeroplane.他做了一个飞机（3）爱慕，依恋：She was strongly attach to her home. 她非常恋家。
考点：attach sth. To sth. 将…系在，贴在…上attach oneself to 参加，加入be attached to 依恋，爱慕典型考题：He _______his horse to a tree.A. attachB. relatedC. combinedD. placed答案为A。
译文：他将马拴在树上。
attach 系，拴； relate 把…和…连接在一起，通常与with连用； combine 结合； place 放置。
记忆法：attachable 可附上的，可拘留的 ;attachment 附上，贴上，参加，爱慕引申：（同）adhere, cling, stick辨析：attach, adhere, cling, stick 都有“粘贴”的含义attach 系上，贴上，常用于结构 attach sth. to sth. 中，主语为人，强调动作：They attach great importance to the friendship between the two countries. 他们重视两国的友谊。
基于verilog hdl的电风扇设计
FPGA课程设计报告项目名称电风扇的自动定时开关控制专业班级学生姓名指导教师2013年 6 月 4 日摘要如今的电风扇已一改人们印象中的传统形象，在外观和功能上都更追求个性化，而电脑控制、自然风、睡眠风、负离子功能等这些本属于空调器的功能，也被众多的电风扇厂家采用，并增加了照明、驱蚊等更多的实用功能。
这些外观不拘一格并且功能多样的产品，预示了整个电风扇行业的发展趋势。
在追求个性时尚以及精致化的时代，消费者似乎对娇小可爱的家电产品情有独钟，于是扮相可爱、颜色亮丽、体积娇小的转页扇，各种便携式电风扇应运而生。
这些电风扇的外壳和扇页都以塑料为原料，整体上极其轻巧，加上娇小的体积和靓丽的色彩和外观，一经推出便十分走俏。
电风扇增设了各种新功能，既彰显了个性，也在无形中提高了档次。
如开发较早且比较实用的遥控功能，使操作摆脱了一定的空间限制，再加上液晶屏幕的动态显示，操作起来一目了然。
随着消费者对健康的日益关注，厂家围绕着提高空气质量做起了文章，于是便增添了负离子、氧吧、紫外线杀菌等功能。
此外，驱蚊风扇可通过电加热使驱蚊物质挥发，并借助风力快速把驱蚊物质送到房间各个地方；带有“飘香”功能的小风扇在扇片中间的旋转轴内含有香片，随着扇片的转动，悠悠花香也随之飘出，并且香片可随意更换；带有照明功能的吊扇集照明与风扇功能于一体，他们都是凭借了某一项独特的功能而吸引了消费者的目光。
关键词：电脑控制；自然风；睡眠风；负离子功能AbstractThe fanner nowadays has changed people's impression of the traditional image, in appearance and function are more the pursuit of individuality, and computer control, the natural wind, sleep wind, negative ion function these belong to the air conditioning function, also is the electric fan many manufacturers, and to increase the lighting, insect repellent and more the utility function. The appearance of these not to stick to one pattern and functional diversity of products, indicates the development trend of the whole electric fan industry.In the pursuit of fashion and the era of sophisticated, consumers seem to have a special liking for the lovely home appliance products, so look lovely, bright color, SIZE PETITE fan, emerge as the times require various portable electric fan. The electric fan casing and fan pages are plastic as raw material, the whole is extremely light, color and appearance of small volume and beautiful plus, will be launched by the very popular.Electric fan added new features, both her individuality, also improve the grade in virtually. If the remote control function developed earlier and more practical, the operation out of certain spatial constraints, dynamic coupled with LCD screen display, operate up stick out a mile. With consumers increasingly concerned about the health of the manufacturers to improve air quality, around the start of the article, then add to the negative ion, oxygen, ultraviolet sterilization function.In addition, mosquito repellent fan by electric heating mosquito repellent substances volatile, and with the wind take the repellent substances to the room; a small fan with "fragrance" function in the axis of rotation of fan middle contains jasmine scented green tea, with rotating fan blades, long flower also floated out, and jasmine scented green tea can be replaced freely; fan with lighting function set lighting and fan functions, they are relying on a unique function and attract the attention of consumers.Keywords: Computer control; Natural wind; Sleep wind; Negative ion function摘要 ...............................................................................Abstract . (I)第1章FPGA课程设计报告提纲 01.1 任务 01.2 目的 01.3 使用环境(软件/硬件环境，设备等) 0第2章技术规范 (1)2.1 功能定义 (1)2.2 系统结构框图 (1)2.3 应用范围 (2)2.4 引脚描述 (2)第3章设计方案 (4)3.1 概述 (4)3.2 顶层模块划分 (4)第4章功能验证方案 (7)4.1分频模块 (7)课程设计的心得体会 ···································错误！未定义书签。
emerge 翻译
emerge 翻译
“Emerge”是一个汉语单词，它的意思是“出现；浮现；显露；显现”。
用来表示事物从某种情况中出现或显露出来时，多用此词。
例如：在这片森林中，一座大山隐约可见。
译文：在这片森林中，一座大山emerge。
此外，“emerge”也可以用来指抽象的情况，表示某种问题、现象或思想在某种情况下出现或显现出来时，也可以使用“emerge”这个词来表达。
例如：随着中国经济的快速发展，中国的国际影响力emerge。
译文：随着中国经济的快速发展，中国的国际影响力出现。
另外，“emerge”还可以表示某种新的问题或者新的观点出现在人们眼前时，可以使用“emerge”来表示。
例如：最近，一种新的社会主义理论emerge。
译文：最近，一种新的社会主义理论显露出来。
总的来说，emerge这个词可以用来表示某种事物从某种情况中出现，以及某种新的问题或观点出现在人们面前时。
因此，在翻译时，可以根据具体的上下文，用出现、显露、浮现等词语来表达emerge的意思。
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mm/0.046’’ 3.2F/1.09 mm/0.043” 3.2F/1.09 mm/0.043” 3.4F/1.16 （所有尺寸） 0.014”/0.36 mm 0.014”/0.36 mm 0.014”/0.36 mm
IC-74203-AB 2012年9月
波士顿科学公司 Confidential. For Internal Use Only. Do Not Copy, Display or Distribute Externally. IC-70608-AA March 2012
• 激光焊接技术 • 核心钢丝技术 • 尖端成型工艺 • 新型球囊材料 • 特殊涂层技术
Apex
• 双节段内轴杆 • 新型聚酯袖套 • Slope外轴杆技术 • 改良的球囊材料 • 技术先进的头端设 计 • 更薄更短的标记带
Quantum Maverick
• Maverick输送平台 • 特殊球囊材质
减少的轴剖面 与Maverick相似的轴性能
规格 Emerge™ 导管 2个铂金标记带 （2.0-4.0 mm） 标记带 1个居中铂金标记带 （1.2 -1.5 mm） 0.017”/0.43 mm 8-20 mm长度： 2.3F（1.2-2.0 mm） 2.4F（2.25-3.25 mm） 2.7F（3.5-4.0 mm） Apex™ 导管 Maverick™ 导管 2个金（2.0 mm和更大 直径） 1个居中金（1.5 mm）
Flextome切割 球囊
• 改良的输送平台 • 改良的刀片设计 • 非顺应性球囊材质
PTCA 扩张导管
红色头端 降低轴杆外径，便于球囊 对吻 0.017”/0.43 mm 头端剖面
新型ZGlide™ 亲水涂层
双节段内轴杆
Emerge导管的CE标记仍未确定，不能在欧洲经济区（EEA）内销售。 波士顿科学公司 机密。仅供内部使用。未经授权许可禁止任何复制、披露或发布。IC-70608-AA 2012年3月
ZGlide™
降低轴杆的摩擦力
在2.5 mm x 15 mm Emerge产品 （n=18）和 2.5 mm x 20 mm Apex产品 （n=14）上完成测试。存储数据。.
51%
Emerge导管的认证标记仍未确定，不能在欧洲经济区（EEA）内销售。 波士 科学公司 Confidential. For Internal Use Only. Do Not Copy, Display or Distribute Externally. IC-70608-AA March 2012 波士 顿顿 科学公司 机密。 仅供内部使用。不得在外部复印、展示或散布。 IC-70608-AA 2012 年3月 波士顿科学公司 机密。仅供内部使用。未经授权许可禁止任何复制、披露或发布。 IC-70608-AA 2012年3 月
2个铂金标记带 （2.0-5.0 mm 直径） 1个居中铂金标记带 （1.5 mm 直径）
0.017”/0.43 mm 8-20 mm长度： 2.3F（1.5-2.0 mm） 2.4F（2.25-3.25 mm） 2.7F（3.5-5.0 mm）
病变入口剖面 远端轴剖面
0.017”/0.43 mm 9-20 mm长度： 2.3F（1.5 & 2.0 mm） 2.4F（2.25-3.25 mm） 2.7F（3.5-4.0 mm）
IC-74203-AB 2012年9月
新型 Emerge™ 1.2 mm 尺寸
• 优秀的输送能力和低剖面设计，可通过狭 窄的病变 • 高额定破裂压力 （18 ATM/1824 kPa）
• 双轴设计为困难病变提供了选项
波士顿科学公司 Confidential. For Internal Use Only. Do Not Copy, Display or Distribute Externally. IC-70608-AA March 2012 这些材料不适用于美国或日本。 在 2.5 mm x 15 mm Emerge产品 （n=18） 和2.5 mm x 20 mm Apex产品 （n=14）上完成测试。存储数据。
IC-74203-AB 2012年9月
Emerge™ 1.2 mm 技术
RBP18atm的耐高压能力,可以达到1.45mm的扩张性能
产品名称 尺寸 ATM Diameter at RBP
Emerge Tazuna
Mini Trek Sprinter Legend Sappire Ⅱ
1.20mm 1.25mm
这些材料不适用于美国或日本。
减少的轴剖面
• Emerge的设计可以达到优秀的同时使用 性能
• 轴剖面允许在1个2mm（6F）引导导管 中同时使用2个Monorail® 导管，或者 在1个2.67mm（8F）引导导管中同时使 用2个Over-the-Wire导管
Confidential. For Internal Use Only. Do Not Copy, Display or Distribute Externally. IC-70608-AA March 2012 这些材料不适用于美国或日本。 2波士 mm 顿 （6科学公司 F） 引导导 管最小内径为0.070” ，2.67 mm （8 F） 引导导管最小内径为0.088”。
1.20mm 1.25mm 1.00mm
IC-93002-AB Sep 2012
在全球近50个冠脉球囊制造商，波科公司在多年的市 场竞争中远超第二始终占据第一
2.5% 2.4% 11.3% 12.5%
7%
47% 17.7%
Source: MRG (December 2011)
波科球囊世家--不断创新以满足更高的临床需求
Maverick 2
近端轴剖面 （Monorail） 近端轴剖面 （OTW） 导丝兼容性
1.8F/0.60mm/0.024”
2.0F/0.67 mm/0.026” (只有个别大.3F （3.75-5.0 mm）
1.8F/0.60mm/0.024”
2.0F/0.67 mm/0.026” (只有个别大尺寸)