2010年4月自考英语二真题及答案

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自考英语二历年真题及答案

自考英语二历年真题及答案【北京骄能教育】2010年4月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/aa2225bd960590c69ec37615.html 2009年4月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/6c39642d7375a417866f8f15.html 2009年10月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/0e45235c3b3567ec102d8a15.html 2008年10月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/af4f791e650e52ea55189815.html 2007年04月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/2f082f7101f69e3143329415.html 2006年04月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/bf24f669a45177232f60a215.html 2006年10月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/6648f4687e21af45b307a815.html 2005年04月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/d100b1c66137ee06eff9180a.html 2005年10月份全国自考英语(二)真题及答案/view/ba11606e58fafab069dc020a.html 【二：真题系列】2009年4月自考英语(二)试卷答案/view/aaff1208763231126edb1134.html2009年7月自考英语(二)试题答案/view/eee8ba51f01dc281e53af037.html2009年10月全国自考英语(二)试题答案/view/09174ffb770bf78a65295436.html2008年1月英语(二)试题答案/view/88880d37f111f18583d05a34.html2008年4月全国自考英语(二)试题答案/view/31aff23a580216fc700afd2a.html2008年7月英语(二)答案/view/0a207b175f0e7cd184253634.html2008年10月自考英语(二)试题/view/e9c6ad0d4a7302768e993934.html2007年4月自考英语(二)试题/view/f0f2c2bbfd0a79563c1e7234.html 2007年4月自考英语(二)试卷答案/view/b7b5aed528ea81c758f57834.html全国2007年10月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/7478393f5727a5e9856a6131.html全国2007年10月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题答案/view/d5e3d6c708a1284ac8504331.html2006年4月自考英语二试卷/view/6019865f804d2b160b4ec034.html 2006年4月自学英语二试卷答案/view/6e8ed07da26925c52cc5bf34.html2006年10月英语(二)试题/view/fa2a87c69ec3d5bbfd0a742a.html 2006年10月英语(二)试题答案/view/532cb400a6c30c2259019e35.html 2006年10月全国自考自学考试“英语(二)”历年试卷试题(北京卷) /view/b67624687e21af45b307a834.html 2006年10月全国自考自学考试“英语(二)”试题(北京卷)答案/view/4d97e224ccbff121dd368334.html2005年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试/view/873aac68a98271fe910ef934.html 2005年10月自考英语(二)试题/view/6fdbf709581b6bd97f19ea34.html2004年10月英语(二)试题/view/1aa793868762caaedd33d42a.html 2004年10月英语(二)试题答案/view/910eca36a32d7375a417802a.html全国2003年1月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/0f1f2669a45177232f60a231.html2003年4月全国自考英语(二)试题/view/6cdf49f7ba0d4a7302763a35.html2003年10月英语(二)试题答案/view/2a30a9d5b9f3f90f76c61b35.html浙江省2002年1月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/0a257b175f0e7cd184253631.html浙江省2002年1月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题答案/view/26bd7f0203d8ce2f00662331.html全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/aff57637ee06eff9aef80736.html全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题答案/view/294d018884868762caaed531.html浙江省2002年7月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/aafa1208763231126edb1131.html全国2002年10月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/71b1fb3a87c24028915fc331.html全国2002年10月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题答案/view/a2df002ded630b1c59eeb531.html2001年4月份全国高等教育自学考试自考英语二试卷/view/6672246c1eb91a37f1115c35.html2001年4月份全国高等教育自学考试自考英语二试卷答案/view/746aa923482fb4daa58d4b35.html全国2001年10月自考英语(二)试题/view/0f31c980d4d8d15abe234e36.html全国2001年10月自考英语(二)试题答案/view/c021b51614791711cc791736.html2000年上半年全国高教自考英语(二)/view/24d2454de518964bcf847c35.html1999年下半年全国高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题/view/fa3587c69ec3d5bbfd0a7435.html自考英语二一直是自考生的一道难题，很多人都是因为英语二而不能完成学业，有的甚至放弃了自考！辛苦自考多年，最后却因为英语二而不能毕业是多么可惜的一件事啊！因为英语的特性,在短时间内很难学好英语！短时间内学好英语是不可能的！但是，现在你却有了一个可以通过英语二考试的机会----北京骄能教育自考英语二保过班！北京骄能教育拥有多位权威英语教师，一直致力于自考英语二，公共英语三级考试的研究，经过多年的努力和实践，终于总结出一套行之有效考前应试技巧，并且在考前进行押题，保证学生通过考试。

2010年4月山东省自考英语(二)真题试卷

2010年4月山东省自考英语（二）真题试卷(总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary and Structrue(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall. （分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.Meanwhile √D.Otherwise解析：解析：本题考查副词辨析。

技术熟练工人的收入增加，与此同时，非熟练工人的收入下降。

注意Meanwhile基本意义为“与此同时”，但有时含与前面所述之事对比甚至意义转折的意思。

2.There is a great deal of evidence______that music activities engage different parts of the brain. （分数：2.00）A.indicateB.indicating √C.to indicateD.to be indicating解析：解析：本题考查动词形式。

有大量证据表明音乐活动让大脑的不同部分都参与进来。

AD项错误；关键是BC项即现在分词和不定式做后置定语时的差异。

现在分词表示主动的、正在发生的动作，而不定式表示将要发生的动作。

从句意看，大量证据已经证明音乐活动和大脑的关系，所以应选B。

3.Over the past decades, sea ice______in the Arctic as a result of global warming.（分数：2.00）A.had decreased √B.more thanC.attachD.apply解析：解析：本题考查词义。

在过去的十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海上浮冰已经减少了。

但应注意，由于没有时间比较，正确选项A的时态，改为现在完成时has decreased更好。

2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。

首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。

第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。

第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。

第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。

二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选D 项designated“命名，制定”，而不是C 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。

2．【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。

本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是meeting（“日内瓦专家会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即meeting 使得alert 升级。

根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。

而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting，meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。

而A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。

3．【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia，所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。

全国2010年4月高等教育综合英语自考试题

全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题I.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸相应的位置上。

（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. I didn‘t see Jack at the meeting yesterday afternoon. He ______ it.A. mustn‘t attendB. can‘t attendC. mustn‘t have attendedD. can‘t have attended2. It is essential that this application form ______ as soon as possible.A. being returnedB. be returnedC. to be returnedD. will be returned3. You ______ quit your job until you find another one.A. had better notB. had better not toC. had not betterD. had not better to4. There are more than sixty proposals ______ at the conference.A. discussingB. been discussedC. to discussD. to be discussed5. ______ for their help，we couldn‘t have finished the task ahead of time.A. If it were notB. Hadn‘t it beenC. Had it not beenD. If it was not6. The room needs _____， but it will have to wait until Tuesday.A. cleaningB. cleanedC. to cleanD. being cleaned7. Thank you， Mr. President. I‘m very happy to ______ a chance to visit your college.A. being givenB. be givenC. giveD. have given8. Two days ago he came back from the village ______ his father had lived.A. thereB. thatC. whereD. which9. Scarcely ______ the house ______ it began to rain heavily.A. did he leave， thanB. he left， thanC. had he left， whenD. he had left， when10. I didn‘t go to our class get-together last weekend，but I do wish I ______ there.A. wasB. will beC. wereD. had been11. His visit to London last spring is ______ as a great success.A. looked intoB. looked toC. looked overD. looked upon12. You will complete your project more easily if you take ______ of all the facilities here.A. privilegeB. advantageC. chanceD. care13. Seventy guests had been invited to the party， but only fifty ______.A. turned aroundB. showed upC. turned outD. showed off14. All we can do is to hope this chemical plant will take ______ to reduce air pollution.A. measuresC. positionsD. methods15. She was just too busy yesterday， ______ she would surely have gone there with you.A. howeverB. forC. thereforeD. otherwise16. He found it hard to concentrate on his writing ______ so many people around.A. whenB. duringC. becauseD. with17. When she was five，the girl‘s father decided to ______ a pianist of her.A. developB. buildC. make18. ______ automobile pollution， the air quality in this city has become worse.A. As a result ofB. In spite ofC. But forD. As for19. Her friends did not expect her to ______ all their suggestions.A. turn downB. turn overC. take offD. take away20. The motor isn‘t ______ enough to push the car up the hill.A. toughB. powerfulC. strongD. bigII.阅读理解。

2010年英语二真题及答案【完整打印版】

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题Section I USE of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic__1__by the World Health Organization in41years. The heightened alert __2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising __3__in Britain ,japan,Chile and elsewhere.Bur the epiemic is “__4__”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization’s director general,__5__the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the__6__of any medical treatment.The ourbreak came to gobal__7__in lafe April2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths__8__ healthy adults. As much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to__9__in New York City.the southwestem United States and atound the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade__10__warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was__11__flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has__13__more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials ___14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began __15__ orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is__16__ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not __18__ for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other__19__.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people __20__infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts [D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence [D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D] notice8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless [D]until11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant [D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial18 [A] presented [B] restricted [C] recommended [D] introduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] agonies [D] sufferings20 [A] involved in [B] caring for [C] concerned with [D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”，at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sor t became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s twobiggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriesB. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3)，the author suggests that_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C. The market generally went downward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A. auction houses ' favoritesB. contemporary trendsC. factors promoting artwork circulationD. styles representing impressionists25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A. Fluctuation of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art AuctionsC. Art Market in DeclineD. Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she didn'tkeep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed—but only a few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent，that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year —a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me." "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.26. What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A. Talking to them.B. Trusting them.C. Supporting their careers.D. Sharing housework.27. Judging from the context, the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B. exerting influenceC. causing damageD. creating pressure28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A. men tend to talk more in public than womenB. nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC. women attach much importance to communication between couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on ______A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerText 3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits —among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, applylotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to —Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever —had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day —chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a mea l. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berni ng, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31. According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deeply rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32. Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’s habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C] indicate their effect on people’s buying power[D] manifest the significant role of good habits33. W hich of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A] Tide[B] Crest[C] Colgate[D] Unilever34. From the text we know that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35. T he author’s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A] indifferent[B] negative[C] positive[D] biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36. From the principles of the US jury system, we learn that ______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures[D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court justices38. Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A] sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C] jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. In discussing the US jury system, the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and developmentPart BDirections:Read the following text and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F it the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)Copying Birds May Save Aircraft FuelBoth Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft. The 787 and 350 respectively . Their clever designs and lightweight composites certainly make a difference . But a group of researchers at Stanford University , led by Ilan Kroo , has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.The answer, says Dr Kroo , lies with birds . Since 1914, scientists have known that birds flying in formation-a V-shape-expend less energy. The air flowing over a bird’s wings curls upwards behind the wingtips . a phenomenon known as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves . Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of Southern California ,has suggested that a formation of 25 birds might enjoy a range increase of 71%.When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different . Dr Kroo and his team modeled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and I as Vegas were to assemble over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation occasionally change places so all could have a turn in the most favourable positions , and proceed to London. They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (coupled with a reduction in carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of the flight fell by around a quarter.There are , of course , knots to be worked out . One consideration is safety , or at least the perception of it . Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft could be separated by several nautical miles , and would not be in the intimate groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows , A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involved would satisfy air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the International Civil Aviation Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new operational guidelines.It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes’ wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas his team will investigate further. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flight.A s it happens, America’s armed forces are on the on case already. Earlier this year the country’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigate formation flight, though theprogramme has yet to begin . There are reports that some military aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War ,but Dr Lissaman says they are unsubstantiated. “My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin,”he adds. So he s hould know.41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing and Airbus aircraft.42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.43. Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not see the other plans.44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.45. It has been documented that during World War Ⅱ, America’s armed forces once tried formation flight to save fuel.Section Ⅲ Translation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insura nce. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a la ck of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”Section Ⅳ WritingPart A47. Directions:You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to1) Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) Interpret the chart and2) Give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)10年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题标准答案Section I Use of English1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.B7.D8.C9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.BSectionⅡReading comprehensionpartA21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.D 30.B 31.A 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.B36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.DPart B41.F 42.T 43.F 44.T 45.FSection Ⅲ Translation最近，“承受力”成了一个流行词，但对Ted Ning来说，他对其含义有自己亲身的体会。

2010年4月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案

2010年4月全国自考英语（二）真题一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five______stages.A.moderateB.initialC.distinctD.advanced答案：C2.The student_____described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town.A.artificiallyB.vividlyC.criticallyD.viciously答案：B3.What her grandfather said left a_____impression on her mind.She still remembersIt.A.finalB.vagueC.deepD.main答案：C4.By the end of next year the bridge _____.A.is to completeB.has been completedC.will be completingD.will have been completed答案：D5.We have greatly _____the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A.stimulatedB.perceivedC.obscuredD.simplified答案：D6.We should_____this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance.A.bearB.putC.placeD.print答案：A7.Even after decades of _____，the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A.separationB.cooperationC.correspondencemunication答案：A8.The spokesman occasionally_____his speech with gestures.A.acknowledgesB.accompaniesC.attributesD.anticipates答案：B9.In order to follow fashions，the girl has to_____great discomforts.A.catch up withB.put up withC.keep up withD.fall in with答案：B10.There is something wrong with my mobile phone.I must have it_____.A.repairB.to repairC.repairingD.repaired答案：D二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2010自考本科考试英语真题及答案

2010自考本科考试英语真题及答案1、Bob is young, _______ he knows a lot. [单选题] *A. becauseB. soC. but(正确答案)D. unless2、When you are tired, listen to music and try to _______ yourself. [单选题] *A. supportB. showC. playD. relax(正确答案)3、My father?is _______ flowers. [单选题] *A. busy watering(正确答案)B. busy waterC. busy with wateringD. busy with water4、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)5、——Have you（）your friend Bill recently? ———No, he doesnt often write to me. [单选题] *A. heard aboutB. heard ofC. heard from (正确答案)D. received from6、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us7、It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops. [单选题] *A. whileB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. when8、He went to America last Friday. Alice came to the airport to _______ him _______. [单选题] *A. take; offB. see; off(正确答案)C. send; upD. put; away9、_____how to do with the trouble of the computer, Tom had to ask his brother for help. [单选题] *A.Not to knowB.Not knowing(正确答案)C.Not knownD.Not know10、Patrick bought her two handbags as gifts,but _____ of them was her style. [单选题] *A. eitherB. noneC. neither(正确答案)D. all11、I will _______ from Hunan University next year. [单选题] *A. learnB. studyC. graduate(正确答案)D. come12、Tomorrow is Ann’s birthday. Her mother is going to make a _______ meal for her. [单选题] *A. commonB. quickC. special(正确答案)D. simple13、26．There’s some fruit in the kitchen. We ________ buy any. [单选题] *A．need toB．needn’t toC．don’t needD．don’t need to(正确答案)14、Location is the first thing customers consider when_____to buy a house. [单选题] *A.planning(正确答案)B.plannedC.having plannedD.to plan15、54．—________?—Yes, please. I'd like some beef. [单选题] *A．What do you wantB．May I try it onC．Can I help you(正确答案)D．What else do you want16、The house is well decorated _____ the disarrangement of a few photos. [单选题] *A. exceptB. besidesC. except for(正确答案)D. in addition to17、The reason I didn't attend the lecture was simply _____ I got a bad cold that day. [单选题] *A. becauseB. asC. that(正确答案)D. for18、Taking the subway is quite fast and cheap. It can _______ both time and money. [单选题] *A. savesB. save(正确答案)C. earnD. use19、He is going to _______ a party this evening. [单选题] *A. hold(正确答案)B. makeC. needD. hear20、The trouble turned out to have nothing to do with them. [单选题] *A. 由…引发的B. 与…有牵连C. 给…带来麻烦D. 与…不相干(正确答案)21、—What were you doing when the rainstorm came?—I ______ in the library with Jane. （）[单选题] *A. readB. am readingC. will readD. was reading(正确答案)22、If people _____ overanxious about remembering something, they will forget it. [单选题] *A. will beB. would beC. wereD. are(正确答案)23、Amy and her best friend often ______ books together.（）[单选题] *A. read(正确答案)B. readsC. is readingD. to read24、I want something to eat. Please give me a _______. [单选题] *A. bookB. watchC. shirtD. cake(正确答案)25、Could you tell me _____ to fly from Chicago to New York? [单选题] *A.it costs how muchB. how much does it costC. how much costs itD.how much it costs(正确答案)26、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that27、Don’t _______ to close the door when you leave the classroom. [单选题] *A. missB. loseC. forget(正确答案)D. remember28、Can you _______ this form? [单选题] *A. fillB. fill in(正确答案)C. fill toD. fill with29、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up30、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys。

2010年4月全国自考现代英语语法真题与答案

2010年4月全国自考现代英语语法真题一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1:参考答案：A试题内容：That definition leaves___for disagreement.A:much roomB:a small roomC:many roomsD:a big room2:参考答案：B试题内容：My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight.The plane Id like to take from there___by then.A:would leaveB:will have leftC:has leftD:had left3:参考答案：B试题内容：The young man who has applied for the post___in the general managersoffice.A:is interviewingB:is being interviewedC:to be interviewedD:had beenInterviewed4:参考答案：D试题内容：It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end ofthe term.A:must be sentB:are sentC:will be sentD:be sent5:参考答案：C试题内容：___for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland.A:Not beingB:Without beingC:Had it not beenD:Not having been6:参考答案：B试题内容：The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it___outof gas.A:may runB:may have runC:must runD:should have run7:参考答案：B试题内容：The teacher won’t mind___the term paper.A:us to delay handing inB:our delaying handing inC:our delaying to hand inD:us delay to hand in 8:参考答案：C试题内容：All the tasks___ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.A:have been finishedB:had been finishedC:having been finishedD:wereFinished9:参考答案：A试题内容：What he has done is___what I have done.A:superior toB:more superior toC:superior thanD:more superior than10:参考答案：B试题内容：Mary earns___as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics thanJane.A:twice so muchB:twice as muchC:as much twiceD:so much twice11:参考答案：C试题内容：We’ll discuss a___issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern.A:lessB:moreC:lesserD:most12:参考答案：A试题内容：He was very disappointed___the salary the company offered him.A:withB:toC:forD:on13:参考答案：A试题内容：The course usually attracts 30 students each term,___about two thirds are girls.A:among whomB:for whomC:among themD:for them14:参考答案：A试题内容：I have never seen a TV program___the man cannot find a parking space atthe very first try.A:whereB:whichC:whenD:there15:参考答案：A试题内容：Everyone believes that the day will come___people all over the worldlive a rich and happy life.A:whenB:whereC:whichD:why16:参考答案：D试题内容：The novelist and poet___best writer of the year.A:have been awardedB:have awardedC:has awardedD:has beenAwarded17:参考答案：D试题内容：Ten minutes___an hour when Im depressed.A:seemsB:seemC:seemedD:is seeming18:参考答案：B试题内容：___Paul brings the money for our lunch, well go right to the cafeteria.A:As far asB:As soon asC:As good asD:As much as19:参考答案：D试题内容：The captain, together with the crew,___determined not to abandon theship until all the passengers were aboard the lifeboats.A:isB:areC:wereD:was20:参考答案：C试题内容：I saw___girls at the cinema.A:the bothB:many aC:both theD:a many二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)1:参考答案：hasn’t been，is,试题内容：isn’t, hasn’t been, haven’t been, is, are, wasThe present government, which_____in power long,_____trying to controlinflation. It isn’t having much success.2:参考答案：the，the,试题内容：a, a, the, the, some, suchGetting_____unions and_____bosses to agree isn’t easy.3:参考答案：is now believed，taught,试题内容：is now believing, is now believed, has now believed, taught, teaching,being taughtIt_____that foreign languages are most easily_____to young children.4:参考答案：am，should be试题内容：am, were, has been, will be, shall be, should beI_____anxious that nobody_____hurt.5:参考答案：Once,released,试题内容：if, once, until, releases, releasing, released_____ _____from prison, he is likely to engage himself in the same businessand commit the same crime.6:参考答案：I’ve ever seen，which试题内容：which, what, when, seen, I’ve ever seen, which I’ve ever seenIt’s the only building _____ _____is made entirely of glass.7:参考答案：were believed，were试题内容：believed, was believed, were believed, are, was, wereWhat_____to be aliens from outer space_____actually several sheep goingastray.8:参考答案：Either,whichever试题内容：both, either, neither, whatever, whichever, howeverYou can keep one of the photos,_____of them—_____you like.9:参考答案：shall we试题内容：Let’s talk to the manager,_____(we)?10:参考答案：a speech试题内容：How long_____(speech) you made this afternoon!11:参考答案：men试题内容：There has been an increasing number of_____(man) teachers in primary schools in the last few years.12:参考答案：the town试题内容：All_____(town) were celebrating the victory that night.13:参考答案：aunt’s试题内容：We’re having dinner at my_____(aunt) tonight.14:参考答案：stopped试题内容：If only they_____(stop) this constant complaining.15:参考答案：is sitting试题内容：The vase_____(sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony.16:参考答案：were going to call试题内容：We_____(call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves.17:参考答案：should(would／might)not miss试题内容：She took a taxi to the station so that she_____(not miss) the train.18:参考答案：might(could)have cured试题内容：This_____(cure) your cough if you had taken it.19:参考答案：hearing试题内容：Several people reported_____(hear) her cry for help.20:参考答案：repaired试题内容：When are you going to have the car_____(repair)?21:参考答案：The moredangerous试题内容：_____(dangerous) it is, the more I like it.22:参考答案：more of a fool试题内容：He is_____(of a fool) than his predecessor.23:参考答案：out of sympathy试题内容：A lot of people volunteered to donate their blood_____(of sympathy).24:参考答案：count on试题内容：With luck, you might cover your costs, but don’t_____(count) it.25:参考答案：about whom试题内容：The woman_____(whom) we talked has just given birth to quintupletssuccessfully.26:参考答案：are试题内容：What he did and when he did it_____(be) the only things I want to know.27:参考答案：bigger one试题内容：My car is too small. Let’s rent a_____(big).28:参考答案：imagine so试题内容：—Will they change it?—Yes. I_____(imagine).三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分)Correct one error in each of the following sentences.1:参考答案：The new reservoir is two-thirds the size of the old one in area．【评分标准】全句改对给1分，部分改对不给分。

2010英语二真题以及答案(打印版)

2010全国硕士研究生考试英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global pandemic on June 11, 2009, in the first designation by the World Health Organization of a worldwide pandemic in 41 years.The heightened alert came after an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and risingnumbers in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the pandemic is "moderate" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the absence of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global notice in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deathsamong healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases beganto crop up in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade as warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was significant flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the samples tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. @Zov&01 In the U.S., it has infected more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials released Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began taking orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is availableahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most ofthose initial doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not recommended for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other problems. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people caring for infants and healthy young people.Section Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sotheby‟s in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ā70m, a record for a sale by a singl e artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst‟s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world‟s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby‟s and Christie‟s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie‟s chief executive, says: “I‟m pretty confident we‟re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie‟s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory”because ____.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryiesB.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that_____ .A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A.auction houses ' favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed -- but only a few of the men -- gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year -- a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of dailylife-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me" "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27.Judging from the con text ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson ______A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits — among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can‟t figure out how to change people‟s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever — had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers‟ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you‟ll find that many of the products we use every day — chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins — are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn‟t drink water outs ide of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Car ol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers‟ lives, and it‟s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deepiy rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people‟habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]in dicate their effect on people‟buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33.which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people‟s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilver34.From the text wekonw that some of c onsumer‟s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35.the author‟sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on people‟s habits is____[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36.From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that ______[A]both litcrate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37.The practice of selecting so—called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadcquavy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.in discussing the US jury system,the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and developmentSection ⅢTranslation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWERSHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have perso nal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling ins urance. He‟d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin‟t go well. “It was a really had move because that‟s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle ofthe night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, …Just wait, you‟ll trun the corner, giv e it some time.‟”翻译参考“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。

2010年4月自考英语（二）真题及答案.doc1

2010年4月全国自考英语（二）真题及答案月全国自考英语（二）真题及答案一、Vocabulary and Structure （10 points,1 point for each item ）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. Experts have found that____ normal sleep can be divided into five steps. A. moderate B. initial C. distinct D. advanced 2. The student ___described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A. artificially B. vividly C. critically D. viciously 3. Even after decades of_____: the two brothers recognized each other immediately. 3. Even after decades of_____: the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A. separation B. cooperation C. correspondence D. communication 4 . The spokesman occasionally______ his speech with gestures. A. acknowledges B accompanies C attributes D anticipates 5. We have greatly___ the procedure according to the chairman’s chairman’s suggestion. suggestion. A. stimulated B. perceived C. obscured D. simplified 6. There is something wrong with m0 mobile phone. I must have it____ A .repair B . to repair C . repairing D .repaired 7 .What her grandfather said left a ___ impression on her mind. She still remrembers it. A. final B vague C . deep D. main 8 .By the end of next year the bridge____ A .is to complete B .has been comp leted C. will be completing D .will have been completed 9.In order to follow fashions, the gir1 has to____ great discomforts. A catch up with B put up with C keep up with D fall in with 10．We should_____this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance. A. bear B. put C. place D. print 答案：1、C 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、D 6、C 7、C 8、D 9、B 10、AII.Clone Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。

2010试卷及解析

全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题课程代码：00087I . Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. (Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.)1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.A.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。

B.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。

C.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。

D.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。

2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.A.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。

2010年4月英语(二)

2010年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码00015)本试卷满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。

Ⅰ．Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1．Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _______ stages． A．moderateB．initialC．distinctD．advanced2. The student ________described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A．artificiallyB. vividlyC．criticallyD. viciously3．Even after decades of ________, the two brothers recognized each other immediately.A．separationB．cooperationC．correspondenceD．communication4．The spokesman occasionally ________ his speech with gestures.A．acknowledgesB．accompaniesC．attributesD．anticipates5．We have greatly ________ the procedure accor ding to the chairman’s suggestion.A．stimulatedB．perceivedC．obscuredD．simplified6．There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it ________.A．repairB．to repairC．repairingD．repaired7．What her grandfather said left a ________ impression on her mind．She still remembers it．A．final B. vagueC．deep D．main8．By the end of next year the bridge ________.A．is to complete B．has been completedC．will be completing D．will have been completed9．In order to follow fashions，the girl has to ________ great discomforts.A．catch up with B．put up withC．keep up with D．fall in with10．We should ________ this in mind：Don’t judge a person by his appearance． A．bear B．putC．place D．printII．Cloze Test(10 points，1 point for each item)．下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2010自考英语二试卷及答案

2010自考英语二试卷及答案1998年4月的自查已经结束，7月的自查正慢慢向我们走来。

至于考生的紧张复习，本网站提供了2010年英语二级自考试卷和答案，希望对考生有所帮助。

红色字体是参考的正确答案。

I .单项选择题1 .他们不会被影响去重复他们是或说奇怪的事情。

到了那里，她生病了。

安妮一出生。

安妮刚学会。

安妮刚出生时。

当3 .所有的_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _都是持续供应的燃油。

a .需要什么b .思想需要c .满足他们的需要。

这就像一个_____。

幻想化石碳时尚直流炉5。

我希望下次我们见面时，你会精神更好。

公元256年至公元前1996年。

________他们追求的是利润。

什么时候7。

该卫星还展示了它如何为生活在难以生存的偏远地区的人们提供帮助。

交通运输研究所(编辑:白天骄)8。

我们只去剧院。

绝对频繁地连续不断地，偶尔地9。

我们可以得出这样的结论:我们练习得越多，我们就会越熟练。

传统第二代C。

结论事实汤姆的父亲直到昨天才回家不写信不写信给c不写信给d不写信2完形填空题(编者:白天骄)1“联合国”这个名字可能是由美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福提出的。

成员国的第一批代表在1942年元旦聚会并签署了一项共同目标宣言。

1944年在敦巴顿橡树园，第11联合会的代表们一起起草了12份提案。

这些建议在1945年4月开始的旧金山国际组织会议上经过13次修改后，终于在1945年6月26日由50个国家签署成为《联合国宪章》。

波兰不是会议的15个成员国，后来签署了宪章，并被列入16个成员国的名单。

直到那年秋天，在中国、法国、苏联、英国和美国以及大多数其他参与国批准并签署《宪章》后，联合国诞生了。

日期是10月24日，现在20日是联合国日。

1.11甲土地乙权力丙军队丁领域2。

3年12个月。

争论，争论，争论。

14 A .被b .接纳决定于c .允许于d .同意于5 .15A。

b代表c代表d代表6。

16甲.原乙.原丙.前丁.正式7。

4月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案(五)

2010年4月全国自考英语(二)真题及答案(五)3.College-bound American high school students usually have some combination of parents，teachers，guidance counselors，or peers to support them in the tough process of applying to and beginning college.Unfortunately，adults who want to go to college—particularly adults who have been out of school for a long time—generally have no such support system.“Adults have a much harder time starting out in college because，unlike regular students，they have adult obligations—raising children and working full time—that often conflict with the demands of school，”says Deepa Rao，a World Education expert.“Also，adults who have been out of school for a long time may not be academically prepared for collegelevel work.Some have little exposure to technologies like email and Internet research,which are an increasing part of college communication and courses.They may be unaware of available resources，such as financial aid,tutoring centers or mentoring programs，and may be unfamiliar with terms such as ‘bursar’and‘prerequisite.’And if you don’t know where to begin or what to do once you do get there，it’s easy to get overwhelmed and simply give up.”The challenges that working adults face when going to collegeinspired Deepa todevelop a web page and website as part of World Education’s National CollegeTransition Network(NCTN)，an online forum for technical assistance，news,and helpful resources for educators，policy makers，and others interested in adult learning.The new website is a counterpart(对应物)to the NCTN，set up to guide adults who are considering college through the process of applying to and succeeding in school.The website is arranged like a college campus，with‘buildings’representing the sort of departments and classrooms housed on a college campus.Each building contains‘classes’that describe the admissions process，where to look for grants and scholarships，and lists resources，where an outofpractice student can review reading，writing，and math.There are also lists of advice and resources to help students with their college life.Another helpful aspect of this interactive,multimedia site is its audio capacity：all texts can be read to the visitor.This particular feature is especially helpful for people with visual problems or learning disabilities.The cycle of learning runs from cradle to grave，and World Education works to break down barriers to education for peopleof all ages，all over the world.(1).According to the passage，working adults find it difficult to start theircollege education because.(A).they are too busy and academically unprepared(B).they have been out of school for quite a long time(C).tutoring resources in college are unavailable to them(D).they do not have enough money for further education答案：A(2).The comparison between adult students and regular students shows that.(A).the latter are less prepared than the former(B).the latter have more problems than the former(C).the former have more problems than the latter(D).the former are no less prepared than the latter答案：C(3).The purpose of the website is to.(A).help adult students edit web pages(B).provide adult students with guidance(C).solve financial problems of adult students(D).enable students to repair computers by themselves答案：B(4).The newly created website provides programs.(A).for regular college students only(B).for students interested in websites(C).for students including the disabled(D).for educators interested in adult learning答案：C(5).The last paragraph shows that learning.(A).involves difficulties(B).starts at ones birthplace(C).requires repeated efforts(D).is a lifelong process答案：D四、Word Spelling(20 points,1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。

山东省历年自考英语2试题真题答案

2010年4月英语二真题答案：I. 1-5 CBAAC 6-10 CCDCA II. 11-15 CABBD 16-20 ABDDCIII.21-25 DDABC 26-30 ACDBC 31-35 BCDBDIV.36.dominant (6A) 37.abolish (6A) 38.distinguish (7A) 39.hostility (4A) 40.stumble (8A) 41.civilization (9B) 42.qualified (10B) 43.permanent (11A) 44.excessive (12A) 45.abundance (12B) 46.reinforce (13A) 47.acclaim (14A) 48.frontier (14B) 49.hesitate (13B) 50.alternative (14B) 51.academic (13B) 52.appointment (12B) 53.significant (12A) 54.wrinkle (11A) 55.disturb (8B) V.56.confident 8B/2B 57. pursuit 13A P168-4 58. breadth 14B P180-7 59. decorated 7A P87-2 60. crises 10B P127-10 61. independence 5B P61-6 62. influential 15A P194-3 63. objective 4B 64. suitability 11B P141-9 65. original 7A P87-6VI.66. First impressions are often lasting ones.(15A, P275)67. If those tasks are not accomplished , you put them on your list for tomorrow. (12B, P227)68. Santa Claus comes down the chimney with a bag of toys.(7A, P117)69. The boundary between a television and a PC will be blurred.(9A, P162)70. Sometimes it was discouraging because I was rejected again and again.(13B, P248)VII. Translation from English into Chinese.(15 points)1B,P13具体请参考辅导书。

全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读试题

全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题I. CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.A head track coach, Bill Bowerman, designed a pair of lighter shoes with better support and greater strength and sent the design to leading sporting-goods companies. They all turned him down.The rejections brought Bowerman face to face with his own philosophy of“competitive response.”He had taught his sportsmen to value competition not so much for its prizes as for its intellectual and spiritual satisfaction. This was true of his determination to make the shoes himself.He made his first pair of track shoes light and graceful. His runners won in his hand-made shoes. But who would like to manufacture such shoes?In 1962, Knight, one of Bowerman’s sportsmen, offered to travel to Japan and called on one of Japan’s best manufacturers of sports shoes. The manufacturer promised to produce shoes of his design and Knight’s company would be their only distributor in the U.S. A year later, a shipment of 200 Bowerman shoes arrived in Oregon.At first, Knight and Bowerman worked with a small team and went selling out of cars at track meets. But slowly, the running world got to know the secret of their product.Then in 1972, the Japanese company cut off all supplies to their company and established a separate distribution network in the U.S. In 30 days Knight succeeded in finding a new manufacturer. And today the company takes the largest share in the shoe business. You ask me the brand name of the shoes? It’s Nike, named after the Greek Goddess of Victory.Bowerman, Knight and the Nike team have a firm belief that a shared responsibility requires outstanding individual performance and a willingness to contribute that performance to the group.1. The new track shoes designed by Bowerman ______.A. helped develop his team’s athletic skillsB. helped improve his runners’ performanceC. opened up the Japanese sports shoes marketD. opened up the American sports shoes market2. Bowerman’s response to competition is related to sportsmen’s ______.A. team spiritB. spiritual needsC. material rewardsD. prize winning3. According to the passage, Bowerman shoes were first sold by ______.A. the shoe manufacturer in JapanB. Knight, Bowerman and their teamC. a leading sporting-goods company in JapanD. a leading sporting-goods company in America4. The difficulty Knight ran into in 1972 arose from ______.A. the rejection of the shoe designB. the quality problem of the shoesC. the competition from other companiesD. the Japanese company’s new decision5. The success of the Nike team lies in ______.A. the manufacturer’s philosophyB. the fashionable design of the shoesC. their cooperation with a foreign companyD. their individual performance and teamworkPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. There are an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders in colonial libraries, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displayed a wide range of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.Increasing wealth throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire forced people to use more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and its neighboring areas was stone widely used in dwellings. An increased use of bricks is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in the crowded town of Charleston, wooden houses were much more common than brick houses.Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over their predecessors. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the gray glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were sometimes elaborately decorated. White paint began to take the place of blue, yellow, green and gray colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years. After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.6. The passage mainly discusses ______.A. the improved design of the 18th century colonial housesB. the role of carpenters in building the 18th century housesC. the varieties of decorations used in the 18th century housesD. a comparison of the 18th century houses and modern houses7. Those responsible for designing houses in the 18th century North America were ______.A. customersB. carpentersC. interior decoratorsD. professional architects8. Stones were commonly used to build houses in ______.A. VirginiaB. BostonC. CharlestonD. Pennsylvania9. The word“predecessors”(para. 4) refers to ______.A. colonists in the 17th centuryB. wooden houses in CharlestonC. houses before the 18th centuryD. interior improvements in houses10. It can be inferred from the 4th paragraph that before 1730 ______.A. patterned wallpaper was not widely usedB. pattemed wallpaper was not used in stone housesC. wallpaper samples could be found in librariesD. wallpaper was the same color as the wall paintsPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The universities from which today’s univers ities are descendents were founded in the Middle Ages. They were established either by corporations of students wanting to learn, as in Italy, or by teachers wanting to teach, as in France. Corporations that had special legal or customary privileges for the purpose of carrying out the intentions of the incorporators were common in those days. The university corporations of the Middle Ages at the height of their power were not responsible to anybody, and could not be punished by any authorities. They claimed, and made good their claim, complete independence of all religious and nonreligious control. The American university was, however, at first a corporation formed by a religious group or by the state for the purposes of the group.The American university in the seventeenth century was much closer to the American university today than to the university in the Middle Ages. The Puritan communities needed ministers and professional men and so they established universities to provide them. Later, religious groups built universities in order to extend their own influence. For example, the University of Chicago was founded by devout (虔诚的) Baptists to combat the rising tide of Methodism in the Middle West and Shakers in the East. The president and the trustees of the University were required to have the proper religious relations in order to keep the University on the right path. Fortunately, the combination of John D, Rockefeller, William Rainey Harper, and the enlightened wing of the Baptist Church preserved the university from too narrow an interpretation of its purpose.11. French universities in the Middle Ages were founded by ______.A. the governmentB. groups of scholarsC. the Catholic ChurchD. students wanting to learn12. Puritans set up universities primarily for the purpose of ______.A. training school teachersB. influencing the governmentC. providing ministers and professionalsD. supplying professionals for corporations13. The University of Chicago was established by ______.A. ShakersB. PuritansC. MethodistsD. Baptists14. The writer mentions John D. Rockefeller and William Rainey Harper to show that ______.A. they were important founders of the universityB. they were extremely faithful in their religious beliefsC. they broadened the original goal of the universityD. they stuck to the founding principles of the university15. Early universities in the U.S. were founded mostly for ______.A. economic reasonsB. political reasonsC. religious purposesD. academic purposesPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the foliowing passage.If you are looking for an explanation of why we don’t get tou gh with criminals, you need only look at the numbers. Each year almost a third of the households in America are victims of violence or theft. This amounts to more than 41 million crimes, many more than we are able to punish. There are also too many crimina ls. We don’t have room for any more!The painful fact is that the more crime there is, the less we are able to punish it. We think that punishment prevents crime, but it just might be the other way around. When there is so much crime it is simply impossible to deal with it or punish it. This is the situation we find ourselves in today: the gradual increase in the criminal population has made it more difficult to get into prison. Some of the most exclusive prisons now require about five serious crimes before a criminal is accepted.These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police or judges for being soft on criminals. There is not much else they can do. The police can’t find most criminals and those they do find are difficult and costly to convict. Those convicted can’t all be sent to prison. The public demands that we do everything we can against crime. The practical reality is that there is very little the police, courts or prisons can do about the crime problem.We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked up for longer periods of time. Yet when measured against the lower crime rates this would probably produce, longer prison sentences are not worth the cost to states and local governments. Besides, those states that have tried to gain voters’approval for building new prisons often discover that the public is unwilling to pay for prison constructions. And if it were willing to pay,long prison sentences may not be effective in reducing crime.More time spent in prison is also more expensive. The best estimates are that it costs an average of $13,000 to keep a person in prison for one year. If we had a place to keep the 124,000 released prisoners, it would have cost us $1.6 billion to prevent 15,000 crimes. This works out to more than $100,000 per crime prevented. But there is more. With the average cost of prison construction running around $50,000 per bed, it would cost more than $6 billion to build the necessary cells. The first-year operating cost would be $150,000 per crime prevented, worth it ifthe victim were you or me, but much too expensive to be feasible as a national policy.Faced with the reality of the numbers, I will not be so foolish as to suggest a solution to the crime problem. My contribution to the public debate begins and ends with this simple observation: getting tough with criminals is not the answer.16. By saying“it just might be the other way around”(para. 2), the writer means ______.A. severe punishment lowers crime ratesB. soft measures lead to the rise of crime ratesC. easy policies are more effective than strict onesD. the increase in crime makes punishment difficult17. It is wrong to blame the police or judges for not being hard on criminals partly because ______.A. trials are expensiveB. criminals are very dangerousC. the police force is weakD. the public fill to support the court18. The cost for constructing prisons is ______.A. $13,000 per bedB. $50,000 per bedC. $100,000 per bedD. $150,000 per bed19. The writer of the passage bases his argument mainly upon ______.A. statistical evidenceB. public opinionsC. criminal psychologyD. personal experience20. The tone of the passage isA. playfulB. seriousC. satiricalD. angryII. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories, By the North Gate, in 1963, two years after she had received her master’s degree from the University of Wisconsin and became an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been tremendous, accumulating in less than two decades up to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays, and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor in Ontario, and in 1978, to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but they also find such a large body of writing very amazing.In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on depicting the world as it is. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her personal observations, her dreams and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock ear racing, though she had neverseen a race. In Them (1964) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the deep impression made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source is and however shocking the events or the motivations are, her fictional world nonetheless remains strikingly related to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news, talk shows and the popular magazines of our day.21. The passage is mainly an introduction to Oates’s ______.A. careerB. childhoodC. By the North GateD. contemporary writers22. The passage tells us that Joyce Carol Oates’s first publication was ______.A. unsuccessfulB. published in 1965C. a volume of short fictionsD. about an English instructor23. The most striking feature of Joyce Carol Oates’s work is her ______.A. realismB. radicalismC. imaginationD. conservatism24. The subject of Joyce Carol Oates’s first novel is ______.A. teachingB. lonelinessC. car racingD. hopelessness25. The author mentions Oates’s book Them because it is ______.A. an autobiographyB. her best piece of nonfictionC. a typical novel of the 1960sD. not based on her experiencesPassage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Cliff House has gone through five major constructions and reconstructions since its beginning in 1858. That year, Samuel Brannan, a prosperous man from Maine, bought for $1,500 the lumber from a ship that wrecked on the cliffs below. With this material he built the first Cliff House. The second Cliff House was built for Captain Junius G. Foster, but as it was a long difficult trip from the city, the house hosted mostly horseback riders, small game hunters or picnickers on day outings. With the opening of a toll road a year later, the Cliff House became successful with the Carriage trade for Sunday travel. On weekends, there was little room at the Cliff House for horses and carriages. Soon, omnibus railways and streetcar lines made it to near Lone Mountain where passengers transferred to stagecoach lines to the beach. The growth of Golden Gate Park attracted beach travelers in search of meals and a look at the Sea Lions sunning themselves on Seal Rock, just off the cliffs to visit the area.In 1877, the toll road, now Geary Boulevard, was purchased by the City of San Francisco for around $25,000. In 1883, after a few years of downturn, the Cliff House was bought by Adolph Sutro, a multimillionaire who made his fortune from mining. After a few years of quiet management by J. M. Wilkens, the Cliff House was severely damaged by an explosion of the ship, which destroyed the northern part of the house. Seven years later, on Christmas 1894 the repaired old building burned down.In 1896, Adolph Sutro built a new Cliff House, a seven-story Victorian style castle, called by some“the Gingerbread Palace.”In the same year, work began on the famous Sutro Baths, which included six of the largest indoor swimming poolsnorth of the restaurant that included a museum, a skating rink and other pleasure grounds. Great throngs of San Franciscans arrived on steam trains, bicycles, carts and horse wagons on Sunday excursions.The Cliff House and Sutro Baths survived the 1906 earthquake with little damage but burned to the ground on the evening of September 7, 1907. Rebuilding of the restaurant was completed within two years and, with additions and modern restorations, is the one seen today.The building was acquired by the National Park Service in 1977 and it became part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The site overlooks the Seal Rock and the former site of the Sutro Baths. More than thirty ships have been pounded to pieces on the southern shore of the Golden Gate below Cliff House.26. The story of Cliff House goes back to ______.A. 1858B. 1877C. 1894D. 190627. The second Cliff House was built for ______.A. J. M. WilkensB. Adolph SutroC. Samuel BrannanD. Junius G.Foster28. The Victorian style castle mentioned in the passage (para. 3) was ______.A. the first Cliff HouseB. the second Cliff HouseC. the third Cliff HouseD. the fourth Cliff House29. The Cliff House we see today was completed in ______.A. 1906B. 1907C. 1909D. 197730. The third Cliff House was eventually destroyed by ______.A. a fireB. an earthquakeC. shipwrecksD. an explosionIII. DISCOURSE CLOZEThe following is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (l0 points, 1 point each)I am speaking not as a Briton, not as a European, not as a member of a western democracy, (31) ______. The world is full of conflicts: Jews and Arabs; Indians and Pakistanis, white men and Negroes in Africa; and, overshadowing all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between communism and anticommunism.Almost everybody who is politically conscious has strong feelings about one or more of these issues; but I want you, if you can, to set aside such feelings for the moment and consider yourself only as a member of a biological species (32) ______. I shall try to say no single word which should appeal to one group rather than to another. All, equally, are in peril, and, if the peril is understood, there is hope that they may collectively avert it. We have to learn to think in a new way. (33) ______, for there no longer are such steps. The question we have to ask ourselves is: (34) ______?The general public, and even many men in positions of authority, have not realized what would be involved in a war with hydrogen bombs. The general public still thinks in terms of the obliteration (灭迹,消灭) of cities. It is understood thatthe new bombs are more powerful than the old and that, while one atomic bomb could obliterate Hiroshima, (35) ______. No doubt in a hydrogen-bomb war great cities would be obliterated. But this is one of the minor disasters thatwould have to be faced. If everybody in London, New York, and Moscow were exterminated, the world might, in the course of a few centuries, recover from the blow. But we now know, especially since the Bikini test, that hydrogen bombs can gradually spread destruction over a much wider area than had been supposed. It is stated on very good authority that a bomb can now be manufactured (36) ______. Such a bomb, if exploded near the ground or under water, sends radioactive particles into the upper air. They sink gradually and reach the surface of the earth in the form of a deadly dust or rain. It was this dust which infected the Japanese fishermen and their catch of fish although they were outside what American experts believed to be the danger zone. No one knows how widely such lethal (杀伤性的) radioactive particles might be diffused, but the best authorities are unanimous in (37) ______. It is feared that if many hydrogen bombs are used, there might be universal death.Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable: (38) ______? People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish war. (39) ______. But what perhaps impedes understanding of the situation more than anything else is that the term “mankind”feels vague and abstract. People scarcely realize in imagination that the danger is to themselves and their children and their grandchildren, and not only to a dimly apprehended humanity. And so they hope that perhaps war may be allowed to continue provided modern weapons are prohibited. I am afraid this hope is illusory. Whatever agreements not to use hydrogen bombs had been reached in time of peace, they would no longer be considered binding in time of war, and both sides would set to work to manufacture hydrogen bombs (40) ______, for if one side manufactured the bombs and the other did not, the side that manufactured them would inevitably be victorious.(From Shall We Choose Death?)A. saying that a war with hydrogen bombs is quite likely to put an end to the human raceB. which will be 25,000 times as powerful as that which destroyed HiroshimaC. What steps can be taken to prevent a military contest of which the issue must be disastrous to all sidesD. The abolition of war will demand distasteful limitations of national sovereigntyE. Shall we choose death because we cannot forget our quarrelsE Shall we put an end to the human race or shall mankind renounce warG as soon as war broke outH. but as a human being, a member of the species Man, whose continued existence is in doubtI. one hydrogen bomb could obliterate the largest cities such as London, New York, and MoscowJ. which has had a remarkable history and whose disappearance none of us can desireK. We have to learn to ask ourselves not what steps can be taken to give military victory to whatever group we preferIV. WORD FORMATIONSComplete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the bracket. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (l0 points, 1 point each )41. (short) The new procedure could______hospital stays by two to three days.42. (adequate) Normally, three staff members are enough to handle new business, but obviously are ______now.43. (employ) An application form calls for details of residence, ______, social security, and family matters.44. (present) The ______ of the TV camera crew outside clearly shows that the press must have beeninformed in advance.45. (attract) In modern families, kitchen utensils are expected to be ______ as well as functional.46. (minor) In America each house of Congress has two party committees, one set up by the majority partyand the other by the ______ party.47. (just) The ______ treatment to the blacks in the 1960s led to a series of uprisings in the UnitedStates.48. (various) The newly enrolled servicemen are from a ______ of backgrounds as required by the general.49. (pain) It is rather ______ to travel in summer by train for it is very crowded and withoutair-conditioning.50. (able) Recent innovations with computer aided design ______ us to produce magazines which aremore creative, efficient and cost-effective.V. GAP FILLINGThe following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)She was one of those pretty and charming girls who are sometimes, as if by a (51) ______ of destiny, born into a family of clerks. She had no dowry, no expectations, no means of being known, understood, loved, or (52) ______ by any rich and distinguished man; and she let herself be married to a little clerk at the Ministry of Public Instruction.She dressed plainly because she could not dress well, but her unhappiness seemed to be (53) ______ than one might expect. She seemed to feel that she had fallen from her proper station in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace, and charm. She valued these (54) ______ in life, yet she could not attain them. She cared nothing for caste or rank but only for a natural fineness, an instinct (55) ______ what is elegant, and a suppleness of wit. These would have made her the equal of the greatest ladies of the land. If only she could attain them…She suffered, feeling born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. She (56) ______ the poverty of her dwelling, from the wretched look of the walls, from the worn-out chairs, from the ugliness of the curtains. All those things, of which another woman of her rank would never even have been conscious, tortured her and made her angry. The sight of the little Breton peasant who did her humble housework aroused in her despairing regrets and distracted dreams. She thought of silent antechambers hung with Oriental tapestry, lit by tall bronze candelabra, and of two great footmen in knee breaches sleeping in big armchairs, made (57) ______ by the heavy warmth of the hot-air stove. She thought of long salons fitted up with ancient silk, of delicate furniture carrying priceless curiosities, and of coquettish perfumed boudoirs made for talks at five o’clock with intimate friends, with men famous and sought after, whom all women envy and whose attention they all desire.When she (58) ______ to dinner before the round table covered with a tablecloth three days old, opposite her husband, who declared with an enchanted air,“Ah, the good pot-au-feu! I don’t know anything better than that,”she (59) ______ best dinners, of shining silverware, of tapestry which peopled the walls with ancient personages with strange birds flying in the midst of a fairy forest; and she thought of delicious dishes served on marvelous plates, and of the whispered gallantries which you listened to with a sphinx-like smile (60) ______ you were eating the pink flesh of a trout or the wings of a quail.(From The Necklace)VI. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSThe following questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 5 points each)61. According to the author, why is it that getting tough with criminals cannot reduce crime rates?62. What reasons does the writer give to support his argument against keeping criminals longer in prison?VII. TRANSLATIONThe following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 2 points each)(63) Enthusiasm about a job or project usually translates into positive energy. That is, if you are excited about a project, you will be anxious to get started and get results. (64) The mere fact of looking forward to your work will help make you more productive and effective. (65) You will plan more effectively and pay careful attention to detail. You will carry out your plan more carefully and aim for the best results possible. Another important point is that passionate people are usually those that are thrust into positions of leadership. A leader must inspire his troops. To inspire them, he needs to be enthusiastic. In leaders, this translates into charisma (个人魅力). (66) Being passionate about your work shows a willingness to do more and learn more. (67) This will definitely help you stand out from the crowd and get top management’s attention.(From Enthusiasm Leads to Success)。