新高考2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习1单句语法填空+阅读理解

练习1 单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1．[2024·江苏连云港联考]It is said that firewalls play ________ critical role in keeping companies and people safe.
2．[2024·云南昆明统测]A miniature black horse with ________ white nose ran into a room in Nashville's Monroe Carell, Jr. Children's Hospital.
3．[2024·福建泉州质检]That way, children can gain ________ better understanding of their local features and customs during the process of accelerated urbanization that is reshaping the city's landscape.
4．Montreal, ________ port city in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada.
5．It means we make sacrifices now, but in ________ long run it'll save us a lot of money.
6．Here is ________ very person we are looking for, one with ________ good knowledge of German.
7．It is such ________ great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings before ________ whole class.
8．With the popularity of the Internet, the power of newspapers seems to be on ________ decrease.
9．If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ necessity for you to make ________ most of your time.
10．________ cake you bought smells sweet, but I don't want to have a bite of it for ________ time being.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour 7.50 5.00
3 hours 11.00 7.50
1 day (24 hours) 14.75 9.75
Each additional day 8.00 6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5­hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1．What is an advantage of MacBike?
A.It gives children a discount.
B.It offers many types of bikes.
C.It organizes free cycle tours.
D.It has over 2，500 rental shops.
2．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A.15.75. B．19.50.
C.22.75. D．29.50.
3．Where does the guided city tour start?
A.The Gooyer Windmill.
B.The Skinny Bridge.
C.Heineken Brewery.
D.Dam Square.
B
2024·石家庄高平质检记叙文320词★★☆☆☆Throughout all the events in my life, one in particular sticks out more than the others. As I reflect on this significant event, a smile spreads across my face. As I think of Shanda, I feel loved and grateful.
It was my twelfth year of dancing. I thought it would end up like any other year: stuck in emptiness, forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend that I really had the potential to achieve greatness.
However, I met Shanda, a young, talented choreographer (编舞者). She influenced me to work to the best of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real importance of dancing. Throughout our hard work, not only did my ability to dance grow, but my friendship with Shanda grew as well.
With the end of the year came our show time. As I went backstage, I hoped for a good performance that would prove my improvement. I waited anxiously for my turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the loudspeaker announced my name. Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage. But, with the determination to succeed and eagerness to live up to Shanda's expectations for
me, I began to dance. All my troubles and nerves went away as I danced my whole heart out.
As I walked up to the judge to receive my shining, gold trophy (奖杯), I realized that dance is not about becoming the best. It was about loving dance for dance itself, a getaway from all my problems in the world. Shanda showed me that you could let everything go and just dance what you feel at that moment. After all the doubts that people had in me, I believed in myself and did not care what others thought. Thanks to Shanda, dance became more than a love of mine, but a passion.
4．What did the author think her dancing would be for the twelfth year?
A．A change for the better.
B．A disappointment as before.
C．Proof of her potential.
D．Pride of her teachers and friends.
5．How did Shanda help the author?
A．By offering her financial help.
B．By entering her in a competition.
C．By coaching her for longer hours.
D．By awakening her passion for dancing.
6．How did the author feel when she stepped on the stage?
A．Proud. B．Nervous.
C．Scared. D．Relieved.
7．What can we learn from the author's story?
A．Success lies in patience.
B．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
C．A good teacher matters.
D．A youth is to be treated with respect.
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
练习1 单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1．答案与解析：a 句意为：据说防火墙在爱护公司和人们的平安方面发挥着关键作用。

play a(n)...role为固定短语，意为“起……的作用”，且critical的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。

2．答案与解析：a 句意为：在纳什维尔的小门罗·卡雷尔儿童医院里，一匹长着白鼻子的小黑马跑进了病房。

依据常识和设空后的单数可数名词nose可知，此处指一个鼻子，应用不定冠词；且white的发音以辅音音素开头。

故填a。

3．答案与解析：a 句意为：这样，孩子们就可以在重塑城市景观的加速的城市化进程中更好地了解他们当地的特色和习俗。

固定短语have a better understanding of sth.意为“对某物有一个更好的了解”，故填a。

4．答案与解析：a 蒙特利尔是魁北克省的一个港口城市，是加拿大其次大城市。

此处a port city是Montreal的同位语，表泛指，故填a。

5．答案与解析：the in the long run“从长远来看”，是固定搭配，故填the。

6．答案与解析：the; a 这正是我们要找的那个人，一个对德语学问驾驭得很好的人。

person被very和定语从句修饰，故第一空应用定冠词the，表特指；knowledge意为“学问”，一般用作不行数名词，但当指“某一门学问，某一门学问”时，抽象名词详细化，用作可数名词，故其次空用不定冠词a。

7．答案与解析：a; the 第一空，pleasure本为不行数名词，此处是抽象名词详细化，表示“令人兴奋的一件事”，故用不定冠词表泛指；其次空，whole常与the搭配，故用定冠词。

8．答案与解析：the on the increase/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增长/削减”，故用定冠词the。

9．答案与解析：a; the 第一空，此处表示“一种必需品”，因此necessity前加a；其次空，make the most of表示“充分利用”，为固定搭配。

10．答案与解析：The; the 你买的蛋糕闻起来很香，但我短暂不想吃。

第一空，cake 被定语从句you bought所修饰，因此其前加定冠词the表特指。

其次空，for the time being“短暂”，为固定用法。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式、价格等细微环节。

1．答案与解析：B 推理推断题。

依据文章其次段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes. (我们供应种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它供应很多类型的自行车。

故选B。

2．答案与解析：C 细微环节理解题。

依据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天须要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。

所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天须要14.75＋8＝22.75欧元。

故选C。

3．答案与解析：D 细微环节理解题。

依据文章最终一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场动身，每天下午1点起先)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场起先。

故选D。

B
【语篇解读】表现平平的作者遇见了一个编舞者，当作者想放弃时，她激励作者始终前进，激励作者付出自己最大的努力。

通过不断的努力，作者的舞蹈有了进步，两人的友情也增进了。

作者克服了恐惊与惊慌，在年终的舞蹈竞赛中获得了金杯，并对舞蹈和自己有了新的相识。

4．答案与解析：B 理解详细信息。

依据其次段的内容可知，作者认为在自己跳舞的第12个年头也会陷入空虚、被遗忘以及没有任何老师或挚友信任自己真的有潜力取得胜利，即作者认为自己在跳舞的第12个年头也会像以往一样令人悲观，故选B。

5．答案与解析：D 推断。

明题意：本题问“Shanda是如何帮助作者的？”→寻线索：依据第三段中的“She influenced me to work to the best of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real importance of dancing”可知，Shanda让作者尽最大的努力去跳舞，在作者想要放弃的时候激励作者接着前进并向作者展示舞蹈的重要性→定答案：由此可知，Shanda通过唤醒作者对舞蹈的热忱去帮助作者，故选D。

6．答案与解析：B 理解详细信息。

依据第四段中的“Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage”可知，当轮到作者上台表演时，她颤颤巍巍地走上灯光照亮的大舞台。

由此可知，她上台时感到惊慌，故选B。

7．答案与解析：C 推断。

作者在遇到Shanda之前表现平平，认为自己在跳舞的第12个年头也会像以往一样令人悲观。

但遇到了Shanda以后，她激励作者始终前进，影响作者付出自己最大的努力。

作者不仅在舞蹈竞赛中获得了金杯，也对舞蹈和自己有了新的相识。

由此可知，一个好老师很重要，故选C。