SecretsofStraight-AStudents

优等生的成功秘诀
The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techiniques that others can readily learn. These, according to the education experts and students themselves, are the secrets of top student.
1. Set Priorities. Top students have no intrusions on study time.Once the books are open or the computer is booted up,phone calls go unanwered,TV shows unwatched,and snacks ignored.Study is business:business comes before recreation.
2. Study anywhere or everywhere. Study times were strictly a matter of personal preference,Some worked late at night when the house was
quiet.Others woke early.Still others studied as soon as they came home from school when the work was fresh in their minds.All agrred,however,on the need for consistency.
3. Get organized.Don’t waste time lookin for a pencil or missing paper.Keep everything right where one could put one’s hands on it.Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized.A backpack or drawer keeps essential supplies together and cuts down on time wasting searches.
4. Learn how to read.The secret of good reading is to be an active reader---one who continually asks qustions that lead to a full understanding of the authour’s message.
5. Schedule your time.Even the best students procrastinate sometimes.But when that happens,they face up to it.”if you want A’s ,you make sure to hit the deadline.”says Christi Anderson,a top student at Lyman High School.
6. Take a notes and use them.Reading the text book is important ,but the teacher is goi ng to test you on what he or she emphasized.That’s what you find in your notes.
2010-7-27 20:04
最佳答案
在班级名列前茅的孩子们，是通过掌握一些基础技能达到那一高度的，这些技能其他人能很容易学习到。

这些，根据教育专家和学生自己，是尖子生的秘密。

1.设定优先顺序。

尖子生在学习时间不受干扰。

一旦打开书本或启动电脑，就不接电话、不看电视、不吃零食。

学习是任务：任务要在娱乐之前完成。

2.在任何地方都要学习。

学习时间完全是个人意愿的事。

一些人工作到夜晚，当房子里静悄悄的时候。

其他人早早醒来。

仍然，其他一些人一从学校回到家就开
始学习，这时的工作在他们的思维中还很新鲜。

然而，所有人都同意的是，（学习）需要连贯性。

3.要有条理。

不要浪费时间找铅笔或不见的纸。

让每样东西都放在触手可及的地方。

甚至没有私人学习空间的学生也要有条理。

用书包或抽屉将必要的东西存放在一起，以减少无用的寻找。

4.学习如何阅读。

好好阅读的秘密是成为一个活跃的读者——不断地问问题，使得完全理解作者的文章。

5.规划你的时间。

甚至最好的学生有时候也会耽误了。

但当这发生的时候，他们敢于面对。

“如果你想要得A，确保冲破最后期限。

”克里斯蒂·安德森，莱曼高中的尖子生，说道。

6.做笔记并且使用他们。

读课本是很重要的，但老师将会考你他或她所强调的。

这是你在你的笔记中所能找到的。

Secrets of Straight-A Students
优等生的成功秘诀
By Edwin Kiester, Jr.
Everyone knows about straight-A students. They get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull grinds, their noses always stuck in a book. They're clumsy at sports and failures when it comes to the opposite sex.
人们都知道全优学生是什么样的。

的确，他们能考高分，但却变成愚钝的书呆子，总是把头埋在书本里。

他们在体育运动方面笨手笨脚，在和异性交往方面也很无能。

How, then, do we account for Domenica Roman or Paul Melendres?
那么，我们又该如何解释多米尼卡·罗曼或者保罗·梅勒德莱斯的情况呢？
Roman is on the tennis team at her school. She also sings in the choral ensemble, serves on the student council and is a member of the mathematics society. For two years she has maintained a 4.0 grade-point average (GPA), meaning A’s in every subject.
罗曼是学校网球队的队员、合唱团团员，她在学生会担任职务，还是数学学会的会员。

在连续两年里，她一直保持着各科成绩的平均积分点为4.0，即各科都得优。

Melendres, now a university freshman, was student-body president at his secondary school. He played soccer and basketball, exhibited at the science fair, was honored for academic excellence, character and service,
did student commentaries on a local television station and was valedictorian.
梅勒德莱斯现在是大学一年级的学生，他曾经是中学学生会的主席，是该校足球队、篮球队队员，在科学博览会上展出过作品，因学习成绩优秀、品德良好、服务社会而受到表彰，他在当地电视台担任过学生评论员，他还是致告别辞的毕业生代表。

How do super-achievers like Roman and Melendres do it? Brains aren’t the only answer. “Top grades don’t always go to the brightest students,” declares professor of education Herbert Walberg, who has conducted major studies of super-achiev ing students. “Knowing how to make the most of your innate abilities counts for more. Infinitely more.”
像罗曼和梅勒德莱斯这样的优等生是怎样取得如此好的成绩的呢？智力天赋不
是唯一的答案。

一直在对这类优秀学生进行重点研究的教育学教授赫伯特·沃伯格说：“最聪明的学生不见得总是得高分。

善于最充分地利用自己内在潜力其实是更为重要的，而且是极其重要的。

”
In fact, Walberg says, student s with high I.Q.s sometimes don’t do as well as classmates with lower I.Q.s. For them, learning comes too easily and they never find out how to buckle down.
沃伯格说，事实上，智商高的学生有时成绩不如那些智商较低的同学。

对他们来说，学习是件轻而易举的事，因而他们从未想过如何全力以赴地学习。

Hard work isn’t the whole story,either. “It’s not how long you sit there with the books open,” said one of the many A-students we interviewed. “It’s what you do while you’re sitting.” Indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their
lower-scoring classmates.
勤奋也不是全部的原因。

在我们采访的许多全优学生中，有一位学生这样说：“不在于你面对书本坐多长时间，而在于你坐在那儿干什么。

”确实，有些全优学生花在家庭作业上的时间比成绩不如他们的同学要少。

The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn. Here, according to education experts and students themselves, are the secrets of straight-A students.
其实，这些孩子就是掌握了人人都可以轻而易举学到的一些基本技巧而成为班上的尖子生。

下面就是根据教育专家和学生们自己，总结出来的一些优等生的成功秘诀。

1. Set priorities. Top students brook no intrusions on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation.
1.确保正事优先。

尖子生不能容忍在学习过程中被打扰。

一旦打开书本或电脑启动，电话铃声将充耳不闻，电视节目将视而不见，点心也置之不理。

学习是正事，正事应先于娱乐。

2. Study anywhere--- or everywhere. Claude Olney, a University business professor assigned to tutor failing college athletes, recalls a
cross-country runner who worked out every day. Olney persuaded him to use the time to memorize biology terms. Another student posted a vocabulary list by the medicine cabinet. He learned a new word every day while brushing his teeth.
2.学习不论场合。

克劳德·奥尔尼是一位工商管理教授，他曾被指派辅导学习掉队的学校体育运动员。

他回忆起一位每天都参加训练的越野跑运动员，奥尔尼劝他利用训练的时间记忆生物学术语。

另一位学生把词汇表贴在药品贮藏柜旁边，于是，每天刷牙时他就学到一个新单词。

Among the students we interviewed, study times were strictly a matter of personal preference. Some worked late at night when the house was quiet. Others awoke early. Still others studied as soon as they came home from school when the work was fresh in their minds. All agreed, however, on the need for consistency. “Whatever I was doing, I maintained a slot every day for studying,” says u niversity student Ian McCray.
在我们采访的学生中，他们的学习时间严格地说是根据个人偏爱安排的。

有人喜欢在夜深人静时学习，有人愿意早起，也有人一放学回家趁课堂内容还没有淡忘就开始学习。

尽管安排不同，但都赞同学习要有连贯性。

大学生伊恩·麦克雷说，“不管在做什么，我每天都坚持用一段时间来学习。

”
3. Get organized. In secondary school, McCray ran track, played rugby and was in the band and orchestra. “I was so busy, I couldn’t waste time looking for a pencil or missing paper. I kept everything right where I could put my hands on it,” he says.
3.归放学习资料有条理。

在中学时，麦克雷参加田径运动、打橄榄球，还参加了管弦乐队。

他说：“我太忙了，不能浪费时间去找一支铅笔或一张丢失的卷子。

所以，我把一切学习用品都放在随手可及的地方。

”
Paul Melendres maintains two folders --- one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. Traci Tsuchiguchi, a
super-achiever secondary school student, has another system. She
immediately files the day’s papers in color-coded folders by subject so they’ll be available for review at exam time.
保罗·梅勒德莱斯有两个文件夹——一个用来放当天的作业，另一个用来放做完并批改了的试卷。

特蕾西·特鲁奇格奇是一名优秀中学生，她有另一种分类方法。

每次她都及时地把当天的考卷按科目分别存入按颜色编排的文件夹里，以便在考试复习时用起来方便。

Even students who don't have a private study area remain organized. A backpack or drawer keeps essential supplies together and cuts down on time-wasting searches.
甚至那些自己没有书房的学生也把所有东西归放得井井有条。

他们把必需的学习用品统一放在一个背包或抽屉里，这样就可以节省许多找东西的时间。

4. Learn how to read.“The best class I ever took,” says Christopher Campbell, “was speed-reading. I not only increased my words per minute but also learned to look at a book’s table of contents, graphs and pictures first. Then, when I began to read, I had a sense of the material, and I retained a lot more.”
4.学会如何阅读。

“我所上的最好的课是快速阅读，”克里斯托弗·坎贝尔说：“我不仅扩大了每分钟阅读的词汇量，而且还学会了首先查看一本书的目录、图表和图片，因此，当我开始阅读时，我对要读的材料已经有了一定的了解，阅读后记住比别人多得多的内容。

”
In his book Getting Straight A's, Gordon W. Green, Jr., says the secret of good reading is to be “an active reader” --- one who continually asks questions that lead to a full understanding of the author’s message.
戈登·伍·小格林在他的《获得全优成绩》一书中谈到，有效阅读的秘密在于做“一名积极的阅读者”——即在阅读过程中不断提出问题，使自己能充分理解作者的用意。

5. Schedule your time. When a teacher assigns a long paper, Domenica Roman draws up a timetable, dividing the project into small pieces so it isn’t so overwhelming.
5.安排好时间。

当老师布置了长篇论文时，多米尼卡·罗曼就排出一个时间表，把论文分成几个部分来完成以减轻压力。

“It’s like eating a steak,” she says. “You chew it one bite at a time.”
她说：“这就像吃牛排一样，一次吃一口。

”
Melendres researches and outlines a report first, then tries to complete the writing in one long push over a weekend. “I like to get it down on paper early, so I have time to polish and review.”
梅勒德莱斯则首先着手调研，写出报告大纲，然后，在周末一鼓作气完成写作。

她说，“我喜欢尽早把文章写出来，这样我就有时间对文章进行润色和检查了。

”
Of course, even the best students procrastinate sometimes. But when that happens, they face up to it. “Sometimes it comes down to late nights,” admits Christi Anderson, an athlete, student-council member and top student. “Still, if you want A’s, you make sure to hit the deadline.”
当然，即使是最优秀的学生有时做事也会拖延。

但是在这种情况下，他们会勇敢地面对这种惰性。

优秀学生克利斯蒂·安德森是一位运动员，学生会成员，她承认“有时延续到夜里很晚，但是，如果你想得到优秀，你就必须在规定的时间内完成”。

6. Take good notes --- and use them. “Reading the textbook is important,” says Melendres, “but the teacher is going to test you on what he or she emphasized. That’s what you find in your notes.”
6.做好笔记—并且利用它们。

梅勒德莱斯说；“阅读课本自然重要，但是老师要考查你是否掌握了他或她所强调的重点，这就是你笔记里所记的内容。

”
The top students also take notes while reading the text assignment. In fact, David Cieri uses “my homemade” system in which he draws a line down the center of a notebook, writes notes from the text on one side and those from t he teacher’s lecture on the other. Then he is able to review both aspects of the assignment at once.
尖子生甚至在做课外阅读作业时也做笔记。

实际上，大卫·西里就是用“自创的”做笔记方法：她在笔记本中间画一道线，线的一侧写阅读课文笔记，另一侧记老师讲课的内容。

这样他就能同时复习两方面的东西。

Just before the bell rings, most students close their books, put away papers, whisper to friends and get ready to rush out. Anderson uses those few minutes to write a two- or three-sentence summary of the lesson’s principal points, which she scans before the next day’s class.
每当下课铃声要响起时，大部分学生已经合上了书本，放下了作业，交头接耳并随时准备冲出教室。

安德森则利用这几分钟用两三句话总结出这堂课的重点，在第二天上课前把总结略读一遍。

7. Clean up your act. Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. “The student who turns in a neat paper,” says Professor
Olney, “is already on the way to an A. It’s like being served a cheese burger. No matter how good it really is, you can’t believe it tastes good if it’s presented on a messy plate.”
7.书写整洁。

整洁的卷面往往比潦草的卷面得的分高。

奥尔尼教授说：“那些交来整洁卷子的学生已经迈向取得优秀成绩的第一步。

这就好像端来一份奶酪汉堡包一样，不管它有多好吃，如果放在一个脏兮兮的盘子里，你就无法相信它美味可口。

”
8. Speak up.“If I don’t understa nd the principle my teacher is explaining in economics, I ask him to repeat it,” says Christopher Campbell. Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. It's a matter of showing intellectual curiosity.
8.大胆发言。

“如果我不理解老师在经济学课上解释的原理，我会要求老师再讲一遍。

”克里斯托弗·坎贝尔说。

课堂参与不仅仅是提出问题，它是渴求知识的一种表现。

In a lecture on capitalism and socialism, for example, Melendres asked the teacher how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and
market-driven, without incurring some of the problems that befell the former Soviet Union. “I don’t want to memorize information for tests only,” says Melendres. “Better grades come from better understanding.”
例如，在一堂关于资本主义和社会主义的课上，梅勒德莱斯问老师，中国的经济怎么会既是社会主义的，又搞市场经济，而没有出现前苏联所发生的问题呢。

梅勒德莱斯说：“我不想仅仅为了考试而记忆，好的成绩来自对内容的深刻理解。

”
9. Study together. The value of hitting the books together was demonstrated in an experiment at the University of California at Berkeley. While a graduate student there, Uri Treisman observed a freshman calculus class in which Asian-Americans, on average, scored higher than other minority students from similar academic backgrounds. Treisman found that the Asian-Americans discussed homework problems together, tried different approaches and explained their solutions to one another.
9.一起学习。

加州大学伯克利分校进行的一项试验表明，在学习上发挥集体智慧是至关重要的。

当尤里·特里斯曼还是这所学校的研究生时，曾经观察过一个新生班上的微积分课。

在这个班里，亚裔学生的平均分数高于学业背景类似的其他少数民族学生，特里斯曼发现，亚裔学生们经常在一起讨论作业中遇到的问题，尝试各种不同的方法，并且相互解释答案。

The others, by contrast, studied alone, spent most of their time reading and rereading the text, and tried the same approach time after time even if it was unsuccessful. On the basis of his findings, Treisman suggested
teaching group-study methods in the course. Once that was done, the groups performed equally well.
与此相反, 其他学生却单独学习，花费大量的时间反反复复地阅读课文，用同一种不奏效的方法一遍又一遍地进行演算。

根据他的发现，特里斯曼建议运用小组教学法授课。

此方法一经实施，各小组的学生都取得了一致的好成绩。

10. Test yourself. As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman highlights points she thinks may be covered during exams. Later she frames tentative test questions based on those points and gives herself a written examination befo re test day. “If I can’t answer the question satisfactorily, I go back and review,” she says.
10.自我测试。

作为做笔记的一部分，多米尼卡·罗曼把她认为是考试要点的内容在笔记中标注出来，然后，根据这些要点自编测试题在考前进行笔试。

她说：“如果我不能圆满地回答这些问题，我就回过头来再复习。

”
Experts confirm what Roman has figured out for herself. Students who make up possible test questions often find many of the same questions on the real exam and thus score higher.
专家们肯定了罗曼为自己设计的方法。

那些出自测题的学生常常会在正式的考卷中发现许多与自测题相同的问题。

因此，他们得分较高。

11. Do more than you're asked. If her math teacher assigns five problems, Christi Anderson does ten. If the world-history teacher assigns eight pages of reading, she reads 12. “Part of learning is practicing,” says Anderson. “And the more you practice, the more you learn.”
11. 超额多学。

如果数学老师布置了5道习题，克利斯蒂·安德森就做10道。

如果世界史老师要求学生阅读8页内容，她就读12页。

安德森说：“练习是学习的一部分，练的越多，学到的就越多。

”
The most important “secret” of the super-achievers is not so secret. For almost all straight-A students, the contribution of their parents was crucial. From infancy, the parents imbued them with a love for learning. They set high standards for their kids, and held them to those standards. They encouraged their sons and daughters in their studies but did not do the work for them. In short, the parents impressed the lessons of responsibility on their kids, and the kids delivered.
那些优等生的最重要的“秘诀”其实并不那么神秘。

对绝大多数全优学生来说，他们父母的作用是至关重要的。

从幼儿时期起，这些父母就谆谆教导他们要热爱学习，为他们定下了高标准，并坚持以这些标准来要求他们。

父母们在学习上鼓
励子女奋进，但从不代他们做功课。

总之，父母使儿女们铭记他们的责任，而孩子们自己去身体力行。