汽车专业英语课后练习答案

Reviews
Exercises
I．Translate the following into Chinese．(85)
1front-mounted engine
2rechargeable battery
3drive shaft
4torque converter
5compression ignition engine
6hydraulic control system
7spark—ignition engine
8performance parameter
9compression stroke
10compression chamber volume
11theoretical power
12electricity—powered vehicles
13gasoline—powered vehicles
14bore and stroke
15driving road wheels
16four stroke cycle
17intake stroke
18combustion stroke
19internal combustion engine
20top dead center
21air—fuel mixture
22V—type engine
23cylinder block
24intake valve
25flywheel
26valve lash
27water pump
28oil filter
29clutch fork
30propeller shaft
31up and down movement
32unsprung weight
33steering system
34shock absorber
35occupant space
36energy absorbing steering column 37ignition system
38air conditioning system
39MPV
40SUV 1前置发动机
2可再充电池
3驱动轴
4变矩器
5压缩点火发动机6液压控制系统
7火花塞点火发动机8性能参数
9压缩行程
10压缩腔体积
11理论动力功率
12电力车辆
13汽油动力车辆
14缸径与行程
15路面驱动轮
16四冲程周期
17进气行程
18压缩行程
19内燃机
20上止位
21空燃混合物
22V型发动机
23缸体
24进气阀
25飞轮
26阀门隙
27水泵
28机油过滤器
29离合叉
30推动轴
31上下颠簸
32非弹簧承载质量33转向系统
34减震器
35乘员空间
36吸能转向柱
37点火系统
38空调系统
39多用途车辆
40运动通用车辆
41mass flow meter
42injection duration
43electronic fuel injection
44vapor lock
45pressure regulator
46pulsation damper
47transaxle
48modulator
49torque converter
50one-way clutch
51solenoid valve
52planetary gear set
53valve body
54brake fluid
55EBCM
56wheel speed sensor
57hydraulic pressure
58MPH
59pulse frequency
60dynamic test
61rotating speed
62in series
63optional vacuum
64Jack stands
65speed up
66accessory drive belt inspection 67vehicle lifting platform
68engine air cleaner filter
69diagnostic tree
70ABS
71ignition triggering sign
72digital multimeter
73engine cooling system
74automotive diagnostic scanner 75CMPS
76daily maintenance
77repair manuals
78dynamic data stream
79safety belts
80trouble code
81Toyota
82windshield washer
83air cleaner filter
84fuel pressure regulator 41质量流量计
42喷油持续时间
43电子燃油喷射
44气阻
45压力调节器
46脉动阻尼器
47变速轴
48调节器
49变矩器
50单向离合器
51电动阀
52行星齿轮组
53阀门体
54制动油
55电子制动控制模块56轮速传感器
57液压
58英里/小时
59脉动频率
60动力学试验
61转速
62串联
63可选性真空
64千斤顶座
65提速
66辅助驱动皮带检查67车辆升降台
68发动机空气滤清器69诊断树
70防抱死制动系统71点火触发信号
72数字万用表
73发动机冷却系统74汽车诊断扫描仪75凸轮轴位置传感器76每日维护
77维修手册
78动力学数据流
79安全皮带
80故障代码
81丰田
82挡风玻璃洗涤器83空气滤清器
84燃油压力调节器
85Audi85奥迪Ⅱ．Translate the following into English．(85)
1火花塞
2燃烧室温度
3传动轴
4离台器总成
5汽车防抱死制动系统6传动比
7转向系统
8底盘参数
9水泵
10后差速器
11有效功率
l2整备质量
13蒸汽汽车
14出行方式
15最小离地间隙
16奥托循环发动机
17燃烧室
18压缩行程
19排气行程
20气缸盖
21曲柄连杆机构
22排气门
23润滑系统
24冷却系统
25节温器
26机油泵
27离合器压盘
28差速器
29弹簧承载质量
30转向系统
31齿轮齿条式转向器32制动系统
33制动主缸
34四轮驱动
35皮卡汽车
36起动机
37交流发电机
38分电器
39点火线圈
40制动灯
41电子控制系统1spark plug
2combustion chamber temperature 3drive shaft
4clutch assembly
5anti-lock brake system
6gear ratio
7steering system
8chassis parameter
9water pump
10rear differential
11effective power
12curb weight
13steam-powered vehicle
14transportation mode
15minimum clearance
16Otto cycle engine
17combustion chamber
18compression stroke
19exhaust stroke
20cylinder cover
21crankshaft connecting mechanism 22exhaust valve
23lubricating system
24cooling system
25thermostat
26oil pump
27clutch pressing plate
28differential
29sprung weight
30steering system
31rank and pinion steering system 32brake system
33braking master cylinder
34four wheel drive
35pickup car
36starter
37alternator
38distributor
39ignition coil
40braking lamp
41electronic control system
42废气再循环
43燃油供给系统
44燃油滤清器
45电子控制燃油喷射系统46多点燃油喷射
47空气进气系统
48前轮驱动
49驱动轮
50空挡
51自动变速器
52制动带
53液力变矩器
54防抱死制动系统
55报警指示器
56回流泵
57制动踏板
58电磁阀
59仪表板
60主缸
61轮缸
62巡航控制系统
63数字信号
64加速踏板
65变速杆
66维修手册
67故障码
68曲轴位置传感器
69诊断
70征兆
71点火线圈
72真空表
73路试
74滤网
75抛锚
76底盘
77排气系统
78自动变速器
79轮胎气压表
80短途
81点火反馈信号
82电控单元
83螺钉旋具
84扳手
85二极管42exhaust gas recirculation
43fuel delivery system
44fuel filter
45electronic control fuel injection system 46multiple point fuel injection
47air intake system
48front wheel drive
49driving wheel
50neutral shift
51automatic transmission
52braking belt
53hydraulic torque converter
54anti-lock brake system
55warning indicator
56return flow pump
57brake pedal
58solenoid valve
59instrumentation/dash/penal
60master cylinder
61wheel cylinder
62cruise control system
63digital signal
64acceleration pedal
65shift level
66repair manual
67trouble code
68CKPS/crankshaft position sensor
69diagnosis
70symptom
71ignition coil
72vacuum gauge
73road test
74screen
75breakdown
76chassis
77exhaust system
78automatic transmission
79wheel inflation gauge
80short distance
81ignition feedback signal
82electronic control unit
83screwdriver
84wrench/spanner
85diode
IV．Review the following questions according to the texts．(29)
1Who built the first gasoline powered car?
Answer：In1885,Karl Benz built the first three-wheeled gasoline-powered car in Germany.In the following year,the milestone vehicle was built by Gottlieb Daimler，another German.He perfected the two-cylinder gasoline engine and attached it to the stagecoach,thereby producing the first four-wheeled motor vehicle in the world．
2Why did Henry Ford produce automobiles on a moving conveyor line?
Answer：In1913,Henry Ford began making automobiles on a moving conveyor line in his factories.He realized that efficient mass production could lower ear prices,making cars affordable for the average person，thus generating a huge market．This was a smashing success.By1916 annual U S auto production reached one million units,a level not reached by any other country until about40years later in England.
3What's the function of engine?
Answer：The engine acts as the power unit.
4What's the function of ignition plug?
Answer：The ignition plug supplies the electric spark to ignite the air—fuel mixture in the cylinders.
5Why do we need the cooling system on engine?
Answer：The cooling system removes excessive heat from the engine.The temperature in engine combustion chambers is about2,000o F(1,094℃).Since steel melts at round2,500o F(1,354℃), this heat must be carried away to prevent engine damage.Air and coolant are used to carry away the heat.
6What's the function of storage battery?
Answer：The battery stores electricity.It supplies electricity for the ignition,horn,lights,heat and stater.The alternator changes the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery.
7What do dimensions of all automobile include?
Answer：The dimensions of an automobile can make you know the appearance of it．They contain the wheelbase,the track front and rear,the overall length,the overall width,he overall height，overhang front,overhang real,the angle of approach,the angle of departure,interior length, interior width，interior height，the ground clearance，curb weight，gross vehicle weight，number of the doors，seating capacity and trunk or cargo space．
8Describe the definition of compression ratio.
Answer：Compression ratio are frequently used engine pression ratio compares the total cylinder volume to compression chamber volume.
9Please list the name of the four strokes，and explain the working principle of the four stroke
cycle.
Answer：The four strokes refer to intake，compression，combustion(power)and exhaust strokes that occur during two crankshaft rotations per working cycle of the gasoline engine and diesel engine.The cycle begins at top dead center(TDC)，when the piston is farthest away from the axis of the crankshaft On the intake stroke of the piston，the piston descends from the top of the cylinder，reducing the pressure inside the cylinder．A mixture of fuel and air is forced(by atmospheric or greater pressure)into the cylinder through the intake(inlet)port.The intake(inlet) valve(or valves)then close(s)，and the compression stroke compresses the fuel-air mixture.The air-fuel mixture is then ignited near the end of the compression stroke，usually by a spark plug(for a gasoline or Otto cycle engine)or by the heat and pressure of compression(for a Diesel cycle or compression ignition engine)The resulting pressure of burning fuel gas pushes the piston through the power stroke In the exhaust stroke,the piston pushes the products of combustion from the cylinder through an exhaust valve or valves.
10How many parts does the chassis consist of?
Answer：In the case of a vehicle，the chassis includes four parts：transmission system，driving system，steering system and braking system.
11Please write down every part function of the chassis.
Answer：The function of the transmission is to transmit the power and torque from the engine to the wheels.The driving system carries the power from the transmission to the differential at the real-wheel axles，causing the rear wheels to rotate.The purpose of the steering system is guiding the car where me driver wants it to go.As we know,the brake system is used to slow down and stop a vehicle.
12Please give examples of several forms and features of body.
Answer：(1)4x4or4WD(“four by four”or“four wheel drive”)Vehicle：A four-wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously The terms are usually(but not exclusively)used in Europe to describe what is referred to in North America as a sport utility vehicle or SUV f see below).(2)Convertible Vehicle:A body style with a flexible textile folding roof or rigid retracting roof of highly variable design detail to allow driving in open or enclosed modes.(3)Crossover(or CUV)Vehicle:A loose marketing term to describe a vehicle that blends features of a SUV with features of a car especially forgoing the body on frame construction of the SUV in favor of the car’s unibody or monocoque construction.(4) MPV:Multi-purpose vehicle a large car or small bus is designed to be used on and off road and easily convertible to facilitate loading of goods from facilitating carrying people.(5)Pickup Truck:A small，medium，or large-sized truck，though smaller in every case than a Semi tractor truck.The passenger cabin is wholly separated from the cargo bed.(6)Roadster:Originally a two-seat open car with minimal weather protection——without top or side glass though possibly with optional hard or soft top and side curtains(i.e.，without roll—up glass windows).In modem usage，the term means simply a two—seat sports calf convertible，a variation of spyder.
13Please write the types of car lights and the roles of the lights.
Answer：The lighting system in a typical automobile includes the headlights，parking lights，direction signal lights，side marker lights，stoplights，backup lights，tail lights and the interior lights The interior lights include instrument-panel lights，various warning，indicator and courtesy lights which turn on when a car-door is opened.When the light switch is pulled out,the circuit from the battery to the headlights is completed.This switch has two positions,low beam and
driving beam.These are also called passing beam and high beam.The backup lights come on when the driver shifts into reverse.This closes a switch linked to the selector lever which connects the backup lights to the battery.Blinker lights are installed on many cars to provide a means of signaling when a car is smiled on the highway or has pulled off to the side.The blinking is much mom noticeable than a steady light and provides a warning to approaching ears.
14Please list the main categories of the sensors used in the engine electronic control system. Answer：The main categories of the sensors used in the engine electronic control system include AFM，CTS，CMPS，CKPS，TPS，O2S，A／F ratio sensor and KS.
15How to operate the EFI system?
Answer：The EFI system uses various sensors to detect the engine conditions and automobile running conditions.And the engine ECU calculates the optimum fuel injection volume,and causes the injectors to inject the fuel.
16Please list the basic types of automatic transmissions.
Answer：There are two basic types of automatic transmissions based on whether the vehicle is rear wheel drive or front wheel drive.On a rear wheel drive car,the transmission is usually mounted to the back of the engine.A drive shaft connects the rear of the transmission to the final drive．which is located in the rear axle and is used to send power to the rear wheels.On a front wheel drive car, the transmission is usually combined with the final drive to from what is called a transaxle.
17What are the main components that make up an automatic transmission?
Answer：The main components that make up an automatic transmission1nclude:(1)Planetary gear sets which are the mechanical system provide the various forward gear ratios as well as reverse.
(2)The hydraulic system uses a special transmission fluid sent under pressure by an oil Dump through the vane body to control the clutches and the bands in order to control the planetary gear sets.(3)Seals and gaskets an used to keep the oil where it is supposed to be and prevent it from leaking out．(4)The torque convener acts like a clutch to allow the vehicle to come to a stop in gear while the engine is soil running.(5)The governor and the modulator or throttle cable monitor speed and throttle position in order to determine when to shift.(6)On newer vehicles．shift points are controlled by computer which directs electrical solenoids to shift oil flow to the appropriate component at the right instant.
18Please list the four steps of ABS control cycle.
Answer：The four steps of ABS control cycle：(1)EBCM monitoring the wheel speed.(2)Isolating the wheel circuit if the wheel is decelerating too fast(pressure maintain).(3)Reducing wheel circuit pressure if the wheel continues to decelerate too fast.(4)Increasing the wheel circuit pressure when wheel acceleration reaches a preset level.
19What is the function of ABS?
Answer：An anti-lock brake system(ABS)is a computer-controlled brake system that helps prevent wheels lockup during braking.ABS can maintain control of the vehicle to stop vehicle in the shortest possible distance and in as straight a line as possible，the wheels must be prevented from locking.
20Please list the functions of the cruise system.
Answer：The cruise control system(CCS)allows you to maintain a set speed above40km/h without keeping your foot off the accelerator pedal.
21What is ACC?
Answer：Adaptive cruise control(ACC)is an automotive feature that allows a vehicle’s cruise
control system to adapt the vehicle's speed to the traffic environment.
22Why does the automobile require regular attention and preventive maintenance?
Answer：Most of the major parts and systems of the chassis body and engine have predictable use. These parts and systems require regular attention and preventive maintenance.Regular,scheduled maintenance can prevent most common problems and as sure that your car take corrective action. Preventive maintenance will reduce the chance of breakdowns and lower your overall costs.
23If a Toyota saloon car’s accelerating capability at high vehicle speed was poor，what will you do?
Answer：If a Toyota saloon car’s accelerating capability at high vehicle speed was poor，I shall do as follows:
(1)Checking the symptom：(for example)There was a Toyota saloon car，its engine type was2JZ —GE Its accelerating capability at high vehicle speed was poor.(2)Reporting undergoing:(for example)According to what the driver said,firstly gave a drive test which confirmed the driver's description that during acceleration,the output power of the engine is insufficient，likely caused by poor fuel supply So we had a fuel pressure test for the still vehicle The pressure at idle speed was25kg／cm2，and35kg／cm2at acceleration.That was normal Then we checked the sparking timing The result was ing the hand—held tester specifically for Toyota to read trouble codes，we found no trouble codes At last we checked the dynamic data steam.The result was within the accepted range At this time．a11of us were confused，but after consulting with other staff，we were still suspicious of the fuel supply So we linked a fuel-pressure gauge to the fuel rail again and drove the car to have a road test During acceleration，we found that the gauge arm dropped a little.After coming back，we disassembled the fuel pump from the fuel tank and found that the screen was seriously clogged At last，we talked with the driver knowing that his car has run for more than200,000km without any services for the fuel tank.(3)Trouble Solving：(for example)Cleaned the screen and changed the fuel filter The vehicle’s acceleration became satisfied.
24What can the screwdriver do?
Answer：The screwdriver is a device specifically designed to insert and tighten，or to loosen and remove screws The screwdriver is made up of a head or tip,which engages with a screw,a mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip,and some way to position and support the screwdriver.
25For testing the mechanical side of the engine，you will need some more specialized equipment. Please take some examples
Answer：For testing the mechanical side of the engine,we need some more specialized equipment.
A vacuum gauge with several adapters can be used to test manifold vacuum and test vacuum operated circuits.A vacuum pump is handy for testing vacuum operated components such as EGR valves and heating and air conditioning systems.
26How to do the effective diagnosis and troubleshooting when the car breakdown?
Answer：The secret of effective diagnosis and troubleshooting is to have a logical well-ordered procedure.Following a logical step-by-step procedure will get you to the root cause of a problem quickly and efficiently.
27What can the wrench do?
Answer：A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide a mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn bolts,nuts or other items designed to interface with a wrench.At present，we can see those
tools，like box wrench，electronic torque wrench，combination wrench，adjustable wrench，speed handle and ratchet handle.
28What can the diagnostic tree do?
Answer：The diagnostic tree goes in a logical progression.It will ask a question，usually yes or no，and depending on the answer will branch off in two or more directions.The last box in the tree will have the problem and how to correct it.A more complicated procedure will have branches going into specific tests and then have two or more branches from there depending on test results. 29How to check the engine oil level?
Answer：Check the oil gauge.If under the low level,add the proper oil in the engine.Or dim the dim-stick through the hole in the engine,check the dimmed line.If need,add the proper oil.。