人教版九年级英语 Unit 9 单元语法小专题

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单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus )
语法精讲 定语从句
1. 定语从句的含义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词，叫先行词。

从句放在所修饰词(即先行词)之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。

2. 定语从句的引导词
定语从句的引导词可分为关系代词that ，which ，who(宾格whom ，所有格whose)和关系副词where ，when ，why 等。

我们先就关系代词作重点讲解。

3. 关系代词的作用
关系代词who ，whom ，whose ，which ，that 在定语从句中的作用见下表:
先行词指 代对象
在句中所 作的成分
人 事物
人＋ 事物 是否可 省略
作主语 who/that which/that that 不可 省略 作宾语 who(m)/ that which/that that 可省略 作定语
whose
whose/ of which
不可 省略
(1)who
who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。

如:
The boy who speaks English very well is from America.那个英语说得很好的男孩来自。

小小诊所:当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。

如: He is one of the boys who like playing basketball.他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一 。

(2)whom
whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。

如:
The lady(who/whom)he is talking to is his girlfriend.正在和他交谈的那位女士是他的女友。

(3)which
which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常省略。

如:
The building which is being built will be used as a hospital.正在建设的这幢大楼将用作医院。

(4)that
that 既可以指人，也可以指物。

指人时，相当于who 或whom ；指物时，相当于which 。

that 作宾语时，常省略。

如:
Tomato is a vegetable that/which is good for health.西红柿是一种对健康有益的蔬菜。

(指物，作主语) The woman athlete (that/who/whom)I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.我在报纸上看到的那位女运动员刚刚获得了一枚金牌。

(指人，作宾语)
(5)whose
whose 通常指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。

如:
Mr. Green lives in a house whose roof is red.格林先生住在一幢红屋顶的房子里。

(指物) 语法精练
Ⅰ. 用who ，whose ，which 或that 填空。

1. A clock is a machine ________ tells people the time.
2. The panda is a kind of animal ________ can be found only in China.
3. April 1st is the day ________ is called Fool's Day in the West.
4. Where is the woman ________ watch was stolen yesterday?
5. The woman ________ you visited last week is a famous writer. Ⅱ. 把下列简单句改为定语从句，每空一词。

6. I'll never forget the farm. I visited it in 20XX.
I'll never forget the farm ________ ________ ________ in 20XX. 7. The building is a middle school. It stands near the post office.
The building ________ ________ near the post office ________ a middle school. 8. The man teaches us English. He comes from Hainan.
The man ________ ________ ________ ________ comes from Hainan. 9. The book is interesting. You lent it to me yesterday.
The book ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ yesterday is interesting. 10. My grandfather doesn't like these songs. These songs are too long. My grandfather doesn't like these songs ________ ________ too long.
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus )
Ⅰ.1. that/which 2. that/which 3. which/that 4. whose 5. who/whom/that Ⅱ. 6. that/which I visited 7. that/which stands ；is
8. who/that teaches us English 9. that/which you lent to me 10. that/which are。