定语从句完整本知识点归纳Relative Clauses

• We can’t accept the excuse why you were absent.
• The reason ___ he was absent was ___ he had a bad cold.
• A. when because
B. when why
• C. why because
A person _______steals things is called a thief. The man _______I talked with is Mr. Li.
These are the trees _______ were planted last year.
He is the man_______ I told you about. I saw a woman _______bag was stolen.
that √ which ×
who √ whom √
√何时可√以省略√ ？
√做宾语时√ 可以√省略
×
√√
×
×
√
Attributive Clause 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词的用法
关系副词 指代 在从句中的作用
when where why
时间 地点 原因
时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
判断关系代词与关系副词
a) There’s no reason why we shouldn’t be friends. b) Could you help me to find out the reason why
the brake doesn’t work?
After the word reason, we can use why in
• There was a time when he danced to the Little Apple everyday.
• We are living in an age ____ many things are done on the Internet.
• A. which B. that • C. whose D. when
• 关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的
成ho, whom, that, which,
whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选
择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间 状语，why 原因状语) 。
• 判断从句中的谓语动词。若是及物动词后 面缺宾语，就用关系代词；若是不及物动 词，就用关系副词。
to stay for two or three days.
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. when
a) The Chinese people will never forget the day when China’s first manned spaceship returned safely to the earth after 21 hours in space.
1.引导定语从句。 2. 代替先行词。 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以：
指人 指物 主语 宾语
• why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因 的名词，如：excuse ; explanation; reason等 ，在定语从句中作原因状语。
• The reason why he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane.
relative clauses
Compare: 1. I still don’t know the reason why she left. 2. I still don’t accept the reason whichshe gave
for her leaving.
• （三）关系副词why 引导的定语从句。
Grammar
Relative Clauses
Objectives
■ To review and consolidate the relative pronouns. ■ To practice using relative clauses with when, where, and why.
定语从句
的名词, 在定语从句中作地点状语。
• China is the only country where wild pandas can be found.
• The house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now.
They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan
late.
4. The reason _w_h_i_c_h_ (why/which) he gave was
unbelievable.
Additional Exercises
1.The place __A_____interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man ___C____? A.whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel ___D____last month. A. which they stayed B. that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
the cover of the book.
（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句
• when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间 的名词, 在定语从句中作时间状语。
• The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
b. Eric reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed.
Relative adverbs where can be used to give information about places.
b) I still remember the day when I attended my first lecture in college.
Relative adverbs when can be used to give information about time.
Compare: 1. I’ll never forget the day when she left. 2. I’ll never forget the date which is written on
关系副词和关系代词一样，在复合句中引 导定语从句，其作用有： 1) 在从句中代替先行词； 2) 在句中作状语； 3) 连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带 有定语从句的复合句。
a. By around 900 AD, there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.
Compare: 1. The factory is the place where I used to
work. 2. The factory is the place which I visited.
• （一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。 • where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点
4. Do you know the year ___C___the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ___A___I’ll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
D. why that
1. Gone are the days __w_h_e_n___ (when/which) we stayed together. 2. This is the mountain village _w_h__ic_h__ (where/which) I visited last year. 3. This is the reason _w__h_y___ (why/which) he was
例： The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. That is the bike which my father bought for me.
在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从 句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关 系词常有3个作用：