沪教版-牛津英语3A-知识点总结+习题

牛津英语3A 知识点总结〔一〕
一. 名词：
表示物体名称的词
1. 分类：
①专有名词：例如人名〔Alice〕,地名〔Shenyang〕等〔首字母要大写〕
②普通名词：例如眼睛〔eye〕,头发〔hair〕等
2. 普通名词的分类：
①可数名词：可以数出来的名词,有复数例如：ear----ears
②不可数名词：不可以数出来的名词,没有复数例如：hair
☆可数名词变复数的规那么变化：
①直接+ __________
②以 _____ , _______ , ________ , _________ 结尾,直接+ ____________
③以y 结尾
_________ +y 结尾,直接+ __________
_________ +y 结尾,把y 变________ ,再+ _________
④以f 或者__________ 结尾,把 __________ 或者 ________ 去掉,再+ _____________
⑤以o结尾,大局部直接+
但是黑人,英雄, ________________________ ,_________________ +__________ ☆可数名词变复数的不规那么变化：
①把man变_______________
②单复 ______________
中国人, ______________ , 日本人,鹿, ________________
③ oo 变 ___________
④加en 或者 __________
公牛ox〔复数〕oxen __________________
⑤特殊变化：______________________________________
练习：
1. 选出不同类的单词
( ) 1.A. Mary B.Miss C.Mr
( ) 2.A.cat B.sheep C.egg
( ) 3.A.morning B.afternoon C.hello
( ) 4. k B.rice C.doll
( ) 5. A.sheep B.ice-cream C.wolf
2.判断以下单词是不是可数名词,如果是写出复数,如果不是,画X
1 .hair ______________ 2.rabbit 3.eye ___________ 4.ear __________ ___ 5.water ___________ _____ 6.friend ___________
7.boy _________ ____ 8.family
____ _____ 9.wolf ____________
10.peach _____ ____ 11.sheep _________ ______ 12.fish _____________
13.mouse ______ ____ 14.tomato ________ _____ 15.zoo ____________
kman _____ ____ 17.child _________ _____ 18.book ___________
3. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1 .These are my ____________ (book).
2 .Count the __________ (chick).
3 .How many ____________ (boy)? --One ___________ (boy).
4 .This is my __________ (bed).
5.Its ____________ (ear) are long. Its tail __________________ (be)short. It ’s a _________ (rabbit).
二. 冠词：
1. 不定冠词: _____________________
含义：
一个(泛指)
用法：
a+ _______ 字母开头的单词前例如：一个大苹果________________
an+ ______ 字母开头的单词前例如：一个苹果_________________
2. 定冠词: _________
含义：
表示这个,那个,这些,那些(特指)
用法：
①第二次提到This is a girl. The girl is my friend.
②说话双方都知道擦黑板. ________________________________________________
数小鸡. ________________________________________________ 3. 零冠词：/
用法：
①人名前无冠词她是Alice. ________________________________
②四季前无冠词在冬天___________________________________________
练习：
1. 用a ,an ,/ 来填空
1 .This is ____ egg.
2.It ’s ______ dog.
3.I want ________ ice-cream.
4.In ______ autumn,it ’s cool.
5.He is _________ Mr Li.
2. 译以下短语
1. 打开门____________________________________
2. 穿上我的鞋
3. 一个大苹果__________________________________
5. 看黑板_____________________________________ 三. 形容词:用来形容人或物的词
1. 形容词的位置
①放在名词前,修饰名词例如：长头发
②.系表结构：主语+be+形容词例如：我很高.
2. 高的____________________ 矮的_________________________
长的 ___________________ 短的_________________________ 胖的瘦的
大的小的
旧的新的4. 一个桔子6. 它的眼睛
老的年轻的
热的冷的
温暖的凉爽的
快乐的伤心的
黑色的白色的
3. 同义句
它很暖和. =
我不图兴O =
练习：
1 .写出划线单词的反义词
1.Spring is a warm season. But autumn is.
1.1 h ave a big apple. You have a one.
3 .My father is tall. My mother is.
4 .This is a fat pig. That is a monkey.
5 .Don't open the window. Please it.
2.按要求完成以下句子
1. He is fat.〔变成否认句,句意不变〕_________________________________________________
2. My mother is short.〔一般疑问句,肯定答复〕
3. I amthin.〔一般疑问句,否认答复〕__________________________________________________
四.代词
单数复数
土格形容词性物主代土格形容词性物主代
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
注意：句型转换时：I---you we---you my---your our---your 的互换
用法：主格+动词形物代+名词动词或者介词+宾格
I 〔宾格〕---me you〔宾格〕---you they〔宾格〕---them
2.指示代词：代替人或物的词
〔近指〕这个这些
〔远指〕那个那些
注意：疑问句中出现指示代词时,答复时不能用指示代词
练习：
1 .按要求改写句子
I.These are cats.〔单数句〕___________________________________________________________
2 .These are my pencils.〔一般疑问句,肯定答复〕
3 .She is my sister.〔一般疑问句〕_____________________________________________________
4 .These are old books.〔单数句〕______________________________________________________
5 .This is a beautiful doll.〔复数句〕______________________________________________
6 .What,s this?〔用桔子答复〕__________________________________________________________
7 .What' re these?〔用桔子答复〕_______________________________________________________
8 .Is this Peter?〔肯定答复〕___________________________________________________________ 2 .读一读,选词填空
thi§ these you I my your _________________
1 .--This is book. --Yes, this is my book.
2 .is a blackboard.are desks and chairs.
3 .This pen is nice.ruler is long.pencils are short.
4 .room is small. Your room is big.
5 .am a girl.hair is long.
6 .--bed is nice. --Thank.
3. 选择
( ) 1.--Is _____ y our bed? --Yes, ____ is.
A.these it
B.this it
C.this they
( ) 2.These ________ my rabbits.
A.is
B.are
C.am
( ) 3.--Who _______ ?--He is my brother Joe.
A.am I
B.are you
C.is he
( ) 4.--What are these? -- ______ are my books.
A.This
B.These
C.They
( ) 5.Look at _____ t ail. _______ s hort.
A.it ’ s It ’ s
B.its It ’ s
C.its Its
( ) 6.Count ______ a gain.
A.they
B.them
C.their
五．数词
和数字有关的词,叫做数词
一_____________ 二_________________ 三________________ 四_________________ 五_____________ 六_________________ 七________________ 八_________________ 九_____________ 十_________________ 十一______________ 十二_______________ 练习：
1. 读一读,填入适宜的数词
1 .two,three, ________ ,five
2 .five,six , ____________ ,eight
3.one+two= ___________
4 .eight+ ______ =ten
5 .nine+one= _________
6 .twelve-seven= __________
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1 .Amy has two big _____________ (eye).
2 .There are four __________ (book)on the table.
3.Is there(some)milk in the glass?
4.--How many(kite)? One(kite).
5.--How much is it? --It ' s ten(yuan). 3.按要求完成以下句子
1.Seven chicks.〔 对戈U 线局部提问〕 __________________________________________________ 2 .There is a star.〔 对戈U 线局部提问〕 ________________________________________________ 3 .These pears are five yuan.(
对戈 U 线局部提问)
六.动词
1 .实义动词
有实际意义的动词叫做实义动词 看 看... 清扫,擦 翻开 有 跑 跳舞 画画 剪下来 涂颜色
2 .be 动词
口诀：我用,你用, ______________________________________ 用于
名词用is ,复数一律都用 练习：
1 .用be 动词来填空
1.1 have a table. The table new.
2 .--How much the oranges? --Two yuan.
3 .--How you? --I fine.
4 .This lemon sour. These apples sweet. 5.It hot.Open the door, plese. 6 .My hair long. My eyes big. 7 .--Who he? --He my father. 8 .选词填空
1 .(Look, Look at) the kite.
2 .(Look, Look at)!The lion ' s kite is high.
看见 __________________ 关上 __________________ 唱歌 __________________ 剪,切 _________________ 弯腰 __________________
3 .〔It ' s, Its 〕ears are small.〔It ' s, Its 〕a mouse.
4 .This is my father.〔She,He 〕is a doctor. 3.按要求完成以下句子 1.I am tall. I am thin.〔
两句合为一句〕
2 .Here are two pears for you.〔
单数句〕
3 .Joe is my brother.〔 对戈U 线局部提问〕
4 .Are you my mother?〔 R TE 句〕 ___________________________________________________
5 .Open the window,please.〔 否认句〕 _______________________________________________ 6.Please clean the blackboard4
否认句〕
七.方位介词
表位方向或位置的词,叫做介词
八.特殊疑问词
单词
意思 用法 1 what 什么 问物体 2 What colour 什么颜色 问颜色 3 What season 什么季节 问季节 4 who 谁 问人 5 how 怎么样 问情况 6 How old 几岁 问年纪
7
How many 多少 何可数名词数量 8
How much
①多少钱 ②多少
①问价钱
②间不可数名词数量
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+剩余局部的一般疑问句？
注意：How much 何数量〕+不可数名词+剩余局部一般疑问句?
How many+可数名词复数+剩余局部的一般疑问？
1.在…里面
2. 在…
3.在...上面
4.
在... 固定搭配：
1.在雨中
2. 3 .在桌子上 4. 5 .在春天 6. 7 .在秋天 8.
里面____________________ 下面____________________
在水果店 ________________________________ 在天上 __________________________________ 在夏天 __________________________________ 在冬天 __________________________________
练习：
1 .对划线局部提问
1.1 __________________________________________________________________ t ' s
a rabbit. ______________________________________________________________
2 .This pear is two yuan. _______________________________________________
3 .Three boys are in the zoo. _____________________________________________
4.I have two apples. ____________________________________________________
5.It is spring. __________________________________________________________
6.My little brother is one. _____________________________________________
7.She is my friend. _____________________________________________________
8 .He is fine. ___________________________________________________________
9 .My bag is yellow and blue. ____________________________________________
2.应答配对
( )1.How many chairs? A.Yes,they are.
()2.Who is the boy? B.They ' re 30yuan.
( )3.How much is the toy bird? C.Ten chairs.
()4.What is it? D.It ' s ten yuan.
( )5.Are these dogs? E.It ' s a bird.
( )6.How much are the chairs ? F.He is my brother.
九.祈使句：
表示命令建议或请求的句子
特点：
①省略了主语you
②以动词原形开头
③为了表示礼貌,可以用please
④否认祈使句：在动词原形前+don' t
画一张画. ____________________________________________________
请擦黑板. ____________________________________________________
请不要擦黑板. ________________________________________________
十.称砰
小姐,女老师太太,夫人先生,男老师
注意：开头M大写,称呼十姓
例如：方老师王太太 _________________________________________ 赵先生
十一.情景交际
1.打招呼你好.
早上好. _______________________ 下午好. ________________________ 晚上好. __________________________ 再见. _____________________ __________
Here are two pears for you. It ’s for me.
2.
早上或上午打招呼 6. 给你两个。