备战中考英语巩固复习完型填空有关于科普环保(含解析)

备战中考英语巩固复习完型填空有关于科普环
保（含解析）
一、完形填空
1.依照短文明白得, 从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

Have you ever planted a few trees on Tree Planting Day? Each y ear, millions of people, both 1 , plant a lot of trees. Bu t this may not be the best way to make your home 2 .
Last week we visited a park in Hebei. We were 3
to find most of the trees had been burned. The workers told us that the trees 4 soon after they were planted because they weren't watered well enough. 5 workers burned them a nd cleaned the place for 6 trees to be planted this yea r. 7 a card found in one of the dead trees, a student wr ote, "I hope this tree will grow up with me to8 the backbone(栋梁) of our country." The workers said that the survival(存活) of the trees was really more important than 9 trees were planted.
Some people in Beijing now have a new idea that they can donat e(捐赠) some money and let professional (专业人士) plant and
10 the trees.
1. A. students and teachers B. old and young C. boys and girls
2. A. smaller B. colder C. better
3. A. pleased B. happy C. surprised
4. A. died B. grew C. bought
5. A. Though B. When C. So
6. A. few B. old C. new
7. A. Over B. From C. On
8. A. need B. hold C. be
9. A. how many B. when C. how soon
10. A. take out B. take down C. take care of
2.阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Red squirrels were common (常见的) in British forests and countr yside. But there are 1 than 140,000 red squirrels left now and most of them are in Scotland. However, grey squirrels are now so co mmon that many people 2 them. They can hunt and kill t hem legally (合法的).
The two types of squirrels look similar. They both have a long
3 , which helps the squirrel to jump from tree to tree, and the same large eyes, small ears and powerful back legs. 4
, the grey squirrel has a clear advantage (优势) over the red. The red s quirrel has a head—and—body length of 19 to 23 cm and a tail length o f 15 to 20 cm. But the grey squirrel is a 5 animal. The h ead—and—body length is between 23 and 30 cm. This 6
allows (承诺) them to store more fat and 7 them to live i n a hard winter.
So why is the number of red squirrels smaller than that of grey squirrels? Size is one reason, but there are others. Red squirrels live high up in 8 , while grey squirrels spend more of their time o n the ground. This means the missing of forests greatly influences the red squirrel's population. Another reason for the grey squirrel's success (成功) is its 9 to get food easily from people. Like the fox, t he grey squirrel 10 live in towns and cities. The other pro blem for the red squirrel is illness, it is fatal (致命的) to them.
1. A. later B. fewer C. more D. less
2. A. dislike B. like C. watch D. find
3. A. head B. tail C. nose D. mouth
4. A. Instead B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However
5. A. smaller B. cleverer C. larger D. funnier
6. A. size B. height C. weight D. fur
7. A. asks B. helps C. tells D. teaches
8. A. trees B. hills C. skies D. clouds
9. A. quality B. hobby C. ability D. appearance
10. A. may B. must C. should D. can
3.通读全文，依照对短文的明白得，选择正确的答案填空。

I can't remember when I started collecting litter. But it was when I got tired of 1 litter nearby that I realized no one el se was going to pick it up.
I live near a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there
2 three minutes. I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was
3 much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided to clean up the forest, and I wanted t
o 4 happy when I went again. I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes 5 I started to pick up litter, my bag wa s full! There were cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
From then on, I 6 to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I often stay there for three hours. It makes me fe el7 to do something for the environment. After each t rip, I look through all the litter that I've collected. If8 of it is recyclable（可回收利用的）, I'll keep it. I can't understand wh y people drop litter. But I will keep on picking it up9 they stop dropping it. I know I am only doing a small bit
10 the earth, but I still think it is important.
1. A. seeing B. throwing C. dropping
2. A. after B. for C. in
3. A. such B. very C. so
4. A. make B. feel C. find
5. A. after B. later C. before
6. A. had gone B. have gone C. go
7. A. tired B. sad C. great
8. A. any B. few C. many
9. A. until B. after C. as soon as
10. A. helped B. to help C. help
4.先通读下面的短文,把握其大意,然后在每小题所给的四个选项中,选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

You're thirsty and you get yourself a glass of water. Do you ever
1 how old that water really is? The glass of water that y ou're
2 may have fallen from the sky as rain only last we ek. However, water itself has been around pretty much as 3
as the earth has! In fact, 4 oceans, seas and rivers cov er 70％of the earth, there is a 5 supply(供给)of water, which keeps on moving round the earth. This is 6 of what 's known as the water cycle. The sun heats up water and it turns into cl ouds, which are 7 from water vapor(水蒸气).When the clo uds become 8 , the water falls back onto the earth as rai n. Of course, clean water is absolutely essential for good health. The amo unt of safe drinking water has gone up around the world, but 9 one billion humans are still in great need 10 clean, drinkable water.
1. A. decide B. wonder C. discover D. suggest
2. A. feeling B. making C. eating D. drinking
3. A. soon B. early C. far D. long
4. A. unless B. until C. although D. otherwise
5. A. limited B. slim C. narrow D. lasting
6. A. except B. because C. plenty D. instead
7. A. risen B. raised C. formed D. found
8. A. strong B. complete C. heavy D. broad
9. A. mostly B. nearly C. specially D. hardly
10. A. to B. for C. of D. at
5.完形填空Do you drink bottle water? How long does it
1 you to drink a bottle of water? Maybe just five minutes. But the plastic (塑料的) bottle will stay in nature(大自然) for 500 years! Plastic does not disappear (消逝)
2 It is a big
3 for humans. There are many plastic things in our liv es. They are cheap, light and easy to make. Every year, the worl d uses 500 billion plastic bags. Every minute, we buy 1 million plastic b ottles. The plastic we throw
4 in one year can circle (围绕) Earth
5 ! For plastic things, the trash can (垃圾桶) is not
6 place they go in their lives. Every m inute, a full truck of plastic things
7 into the sea. They m ake the seawa ter
8 .They are dangerous for sea animals, too,
9 when they eat. So, is there 10 useful we can do to help? Here are some tips.(小提示) First, carry your own cup to school. Second, take cloth (布的) bags to shopping, an d buy fewer new toys, or you can exchange toys with your friends. Yes, just these small things, then you can help make the world a better place.
1. A. pay B. cost C. take D. spend
2. A. easy B. easily C. difficult D. difficultly
3. A. answer B. surprise C. example D. problem
4. A. up B. away C. down D. far
5. A. four B. the fourth C. four times D. the fourth time
6. A. the only B. the first C. the very D. the second
7. A. go B. goes C. come D. comes
8. A. dirty B. clean C. cold D. hot
9. A. really B. totally C. absolutely D. especially
10. A. anything B. any thing C. some thing D. some things
6.阅读短文，把握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Hearing is very important to all of us. We can 1 beautiful music, nice songs of birds, the laughter（笑声）of people or other different kinds of 2 in the world with our ears.
3 we must try to protect our ears. The following will tell you
4 protect ears.
Listening to 5 music a lot can be bad for ears,
6 when headphones (耳机) are used. So 7
the volume(音) when you're wearing headphones or try not to wear headphones. You should give your ears a rest if you like wearing headph ones. Before swimming, remember 8 earplugs （耳塞) int o y our ears or wear a swim hat to stop water 9 into y our ears.
If you are going to a concert, wear earplugs to protect your ears
10 the terrible music! 11 , special ear can be made for you if you go to concerts a lot or if you are a musicia n yourself.
See a doctor if your ears 12 . 13 some medicine if the doctor asks you to do so. 14 th e advice above now and you won't be saying “what?" when you are gett ing 15 .
1. A. listen B. hear C. listening D. hear of
2. A. sounds B. noise C. voices D. barks
3. A. Because B. Although C. So D. But
4. A. what B. how C. what to D. how to
5. A. loud B. aloud C. loudly D. quiet
6. A. specially B. especial C. special D. especially
7. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn up
8. A. put B. to put C. putting D. to putting
9. A. get B. to get C. with getting D. from getting
10. A. for B. from C. with D. at
11. A. In fact B. In short C. In general D. In a word
12. A. break B. sick C. ill D. hurt
13. A. Drink B. Eat C. Take D. Have
14. A. Listen B. Hear C. Follow D. Fetch
15. A. young B. old C. sick D. tired
7.完形填空
Water is very important in our life. We drink it every day and
1 it to cook and wash things. We cannot live 2
water. But how can we save water?
There are several ways to save water. Firstly，take shorter showe rs and don't leave the tap 3 when we don't need to use w ater. 4 ，try to reuse water. It's the most important wa y for us to save water. At last，we should not 5 water s o that we will have 6 water for years and years.
To protect water is to 7 our life. Some people thi nk there's much water 8 the Earth. In fact，there is only
9 water for us to use now. If we don't save it，it will su rely be used out some day.
So we should save water in order to save 10 . Do you think so?
1. A. put B. make C. take D. use
2. A. without B. with C. on D. in
3. A. stopping B. rising C. running D. growing
4. A. Second B. Secondly C. Moreover D. However
5. A. waste B. use C. pollute（污染） D. drink
6. A. fresh B. new C. good D. hot
7. A. make B. live C. protect D. lose
8. A. in B. for C. on D. at
9. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few
10. A. us B. earth C. world D. ourselves
8.通读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

We see many animals, like rabbits, bees, dogs, birds, sheep…，but do you know 1 these animals say things? First，let's see a rabbit. When a rabbit sees 2 dangerous(危险的)，it runs away at once. When it runs, its tail moves up and 3 .W hen others see this, they run away, 4 .
Many other animals use this kind of language(语言). When a bee has found some food, it goes back to 5 home. It cannot tell 6 bees where the food is by speaking to them，but it does a little dance in the air. This may tell other bees 7
the food is.
Some animals say things by 8 sounds like a man does. For example，a dog barks when a stranger(生疏人)comes near. Some birds can make several 9 sounds, each with its own mea ning. In a word, every animal 10 its own language.
1. A. how B. when C. why D. where
2. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
3. A. up B. again C. down D. on
4. A. also B. too C. either D. back
5. A. their B. they're C. its D. it's
6. A. the other B. small C. all the D. many
7. A. what B. how C. where D. whose
8. A. making B. make C. taking D. take
9. A. strange B. interesting C. useful D. different
10. A. there is B. there are C. have D. has
9.先通读下面的短文，把握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择能够填入空白处的最佳答案。

People think earthquakes are terrible. That's 1 t o understand. No one knows when an earthquake will happen. But we ca n do something to 2 for it. So when it happens, we ca
n 3 ourselves.
What governments should do
Governments 4 to teach people about what eart hquakes are and where earthquakes easily happen in the country,
5 people will know about earthquakes and what to do when th ey happen.
Governments should also make sure that some places 6
fire stations, police stations, hospitals and schools are working w ell when emergencies (突发情形) happen.
What people should do
During an earthquake, try to 7 away from thin gs like buildings, trees, windows and so on. 8 yourself under a piece of strong furniture.
Move into the open places when an earthquake happens. Go out of the building if 9 because the building may fall dow n.
There are usually aftershock (余震) hours, days and even months after a main 10 . Try to protect yourself and pay attention to them.
In a word, don't be afraid of earthquakes.
1. A. right B. wrong C. easy D. difficult
2. A. prepare B. ask C. look D. wait
3. A. hear B. call C. check D. protect
4. A. offer B. need C. forget D. agree
5. A. if B. but C. so D. till
6. A. like B. for C. by D. to
7. A. put B. take C. clear D. stay
8. A. Hurt B. Hide C. Enjoy D. Lose
9. A. possible B. important C. interesting D. confident
10. A. storm B. earthquake C. rain D. accident
10.依照短文明白得，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

Many scientists say that the world is getting hotter and hotter. If they are right, the ice at the North and South Pole will melt eventually. I f this happens, the sea will 1 and may cover most or all of Singapore. This will force everybody to move to a 2 country.
We know that the sun 3 the earth. The heat fr om the sun hits the ground, and some of it goes back into the sky. How ever, factories and cars 4 a lot of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). When the gas rises into the sky, the heat from the sun can come through them but the heat from the ground cannot. It 5
near us in the sky and makes the 6 hotter and hotter every year.
Scientists7 this the “greenhouse effect”beca use a greenhouse is a small glass building which is hot inside. It is used for8 plants in cool countries. Many countries are9 about the “greenhouse effect”. They are trying to stop factories and cars from sending10 gases into the sky. Scientists are not sure when the world will get much hotter. So me people say that the “greenhouse effect" has started already and has b egun to affect (阻碍) the world's weather.
1. A. rise B. fall C. change
2. A. hotter B. larger C. safer
3. A. creates B. circles C. heats
4. A. make B. spread C. produce
5. A. hides B. continues C. stays
6. A. cloud B. air C. season
7. A. ask B. call C. tell
8. A. putting B. storing C. growing
9. A. worried B. happy C. confident
10. A. dangerous B. harmful C. heavy
11.We have no idea about 1 men first began to use salt. But we do know that it had been used in many differ ent ways 2 the history.
For example, in many history books it is 3 that people w ho lived three thousand years ago 4 salted fish. Thousand s of years ago in Egypt（埃及）, salt 5 keep the dead. It can keep the dead bodies 6 decay.（腐烂）
In the eighteenth century, a person who stole salt was 7
to have broken the 8 . if a person was caught ste aling salt, he would be thrown into 9 . Books also record that in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during t hat century 10 stealing salt! In the year 1553, if a man to ok 11 than his share of salt, he would be thought to hav e broken the law and would be 12 punished(惩处).
oSalt was very 13 on the dinner table of a king. It was always put 14 the king when he sat down to eat. T hen important visitors sat near the salt 15 less important visitors were given seats farther away from it.
1. A. when B. where C. what D. which
2. A. throughout B. thought C. though D. although
3. A. say B. reported C. recorded D. reading
4. A. eat B. ate C. eating D. have eaten
5. A. used to B. was used to C. was used D. used
6. A. off B. from C. on D. out
7. A. think B. consider C. thoughtful D. thought
8. A. law B. glass C. computer D. time
9. A. pool B. hill C. prison D. river
10. A. because B. because of C. by D. as
11. A. more B. less C. fewer D. most
12. A. serious B. bad C. terrible D. seriously
13. A. important B. necessary C. clever D. cheerful
14. A. in the front of B. behind C. in front of D. before
15. A. when B. as C. however D. while
12.完形填空
Man has 1 four kinds of satellites. The fi rst kind of satellites studies the 2 of the ear th. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see
3 they can find oil or gold.
The second kind of satellites is used to guide 4 and planes. A ship or a plane can5
a message to the satellite, and the satellite can find out where it is. The third kind of satellites studies the 6 . These satellites watch clouds and strong winds7 across the earth. They warn countries to make preparations when very8 weather is coming. They take photos of the earth from miles above it and send the photos to weather
9 on the ground. The last kind is used fo
r10 .Telephone calls11 cou ntries can be sent by these satellites. Some can carry hundreds of
12 at one time. The call is sent to the satellite and then the satellite send it to the station in the country13 is being phoned. These satellites also carry14
, they can send about eight programs15 .
1. A. discovered B. found C. invented D. seen
2. A. chemistry B. physics C. biology D. geography
3. A. what B. which C. where D. who
4. A. ships B. planes C. buses D. trains
5. A. bring B. take C. write D. send
6. A. history B. medicine C. weather D. whether
7. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. movement
8. A. bad B. good C. fine D. well
9. A. stations B. shop C. report D. studio
10. A. sports B. communication C. shopping D. hearing
11. A. of B. from C. between D. among
12. A. notes B. signs C.
messages
D. calls
13. A. which B. what C. who D. where
14. A. languages B. films C. pictures D. plays
15. A. in time B. on time C. at a time D. over time
答案解析部分
一、完形填空
1.【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）C；（8）C；（9）A；（10）C；
【考点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】短文记录了作者在河北的公园看到了专门多种植的树木被烧了，缘故是得不到专门好的照管，因此作者认为树木的存活率比种树的多少更重要，我们能够捐一些钱请专业人士种植照看。

（1）从millions of people可知是专门多人，包括老人和年轻人，故选B。

句意：每年，上百万的人，不管老人依旧年轻人都会植专门多树。

（2）句意：但这不是让你的家园变得……的一种最好的方法。

A.更小；B.更冷；C.更好。

结合句意选C。

（3）句意：我们……发觉大部分的树被烧了。

A.欢乐的；B.快乐的； C.惊奇的。

结合句意选C。

（4）句意：工作人员告诉我们树木在被种植不久后就……因为它们没有被专门好的浇水。

A.死了；B.生长；C.买。

结合句意选A。

（5）依照句意可知是因此工作人员烧了它们。

故选C。

（6）句意：清扫出地点等待新的树木被种植。

故选C。

（7）句意：在一棵已死亡的树上发觉的卡片上，一位学生写道……。

在卡片上用介词on，故选C。

（8）句意：我期望这棵树和我一起成长为国家的栋梁。

成为用be表示，A.
需要；B.拿住。

故选C。

（9）句意：工作人员说树的成活率确实比……树被种植要重要。

A.多少；
B.何时；
C.多久以后，结合句意选A。

（10）A.拿出；B.写下；C.照管。

依照句意应该是让专业人士种植并照管树，故选C。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完型填空第一要跃过空格通读文章把握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

2.【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）D；
【考点】科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲述了英国的红松鼠和灰松鼠，红松鼠的数量在减少，而灰松鼠的数量专门多，以至于人们都不喜爱它们了。

本文还介绍了灰松鼠在竞争中获胜的几个缘故。

（1）查形容词及语境的明白得。

句意：然而现在剩下的红松鼠不到14000 0只，大多数都在苏格兰。

A. later 晚些；B. fewer 更少；C. more 更多；
D. less更少。

fewer than不到、少于，后跟可数名词的复数。

故选B。

（2）考查动词短语及语境的明白得。

句意：然而，灰松鼠现在专门常见，专门多人不喜爱它们。

A. dislike 不喜爱；B. like 喜爱；C. watch 观看；
D. find.发觉。

故选A。

（3）考查名词及语境的明白得。

句意：它们都有一条长长的尾巴，关心松鼠从树上跳到树上，同样的大眼睛，小耳朵和有力的后腿。

A. head 头；B. tail 尾巴；C. nose 鼻子；D. mouth嘴。

故选B。

（4）考查连词及语境的明白得。

句意：然而, 灰松鼠较之红松鼠有一个明显的优势。

A. Instead相反；B. Moreover此外；C. Otherwise 否则；D. H owever然而。

故选D。

（5）考查形容词及语境明白得。

句意：然而灰松鼠是一种更大的动物。

A. smaller 较小的；B. cleverer 较聪慧的；C. larger 较大的；D. funnier更滑稽的。

故选C。

（6）考查名词及语境明白得。

句意：这种形体让他们储存更多的脂肪，并关心他们在艰巨的冬天生活。

A. size 尺寸；B. height高度；C. weight 重量；D. fur皮毛。

因此选A。

（7）考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：这种形体让他们储存更多的脂肪，并关心他们在艰巨的冬天生活。

A. asks 问；B. helps 关心；C. tells 告诉；
D. teaches教。

故选B。

（8）考查名词及语境的明白得。

句意：红松鼠高高地生活在树上，而灰松鼠则把更多的时刻花在地上。

A. trees 树；B. hills 山；C. skies天空；D. clouds云。

故选A。

（9）考查名词及语境的明白得。

句意：灰松鼠成功的另一个缘故是其从人类容易的获得食物的能力。

A. quality质量；B. hobby爱好；C. ability能力；
D. appearance外观。

故选C。

（10）考查情态动词及语境的明白得。

句意：和狐狸一样，灰松鼠也能生活在城镇里。

A. may可能；B. must 必须；C. should 应该； D. can能，故选D。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时第一要跃过空格通读文章把握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

3.【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）C；（8）A；（9）A；（10）B；
【考点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】本文描述作者在看到居住地邻近的垃圾专门多时，就决定自己义务捡垃圾来爱护环境。

通过阅读本文可知我们每个人都应该行动起来爱护地球，改善环境。

(1)A 考查got tired of doing sth表示厌倦了做某事，本句的意思是我厌恶看到周围有垃圾
(2)C 考查in+段时刻表示在多长时刻之内。

(3)C 此题考查固定短语such…that表示如此…以至于…,such的后面跟的中心词是名词，名词前面能够用形容词来修饰。

故选C。

(4)B 考查固定句型结构want to do sth，happy是形容词，常跟在系动词的后面。

依照句意选feel。

(5)A 考查副词，ten minutes later表示十分钟之后。

(6)C 考查动词的时态，go to+地点表示某地。

(7)C 考查形容词，依照语境可知爱护环境是件欢乐的事，故选great。

(8)A 考查不定代词，any表示任何一个。

(9) A 考查介词，until表示直到。

(10)B 考查动词不定式做目的状语。

【点评】本题难度较大，每个小题与上下文的联系不大，有的小题甚至完全能够当做一个单独的单选题来做。

解题中要注意分析各个选项的含义，结合语义，选出最佳答案。

4.【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）D；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）C；
【考点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】本文叙述了水的形成，水覆盖了地球的70%，然而关于接近10亿人仍旧急需洁净的能够饮用的水。

（1）考查动词及语境的明白得。

A. decide 决定，水的年龄不是人能决定的；B. wonder想明白；C. discover发觉；D. suggest建议。

句意：你曾经想明白水的年龄吗？依照常识水的年龄不是人能够决定、建议和发觉的。

故选B。

（2）考查动词及语境的明白得。

A. feeling 感受；B. making制造；C. eating吃；D. drinking喝。

句意：你喝的那杯水也许是上周从空中落下的雨水。

那个地点指喝水drink water。

故选D。

（3）考查副词及语境的明白得。

A.soon专门快；B. early 早的；C. far远的；D. long长的。

句意：但是，水自身的存在与地球一样的长。

依照Th e glass of water that you're_______ may have fallen from the sky as rain only last week.可推知下文，那个地点指水存在的时刻长短。

故选D。

（4）考查连词及语境的明白得。

A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. altho ugh尽管； D. otherwise否则，要不然的话。

句意：实际上，尽管海
洋、大海和河流覆盖地球的70%，然而地球的水的供应是有限的。

依照句意故选C。

（5）考查形容词及语境的明白得。

A. limited有限的；B. slim瘦的，微小的；C. narrow窄的；D. 1asting持久的。

句意：实际上，尽管海洋、大海和河流覆盖地球的70%，然而地球的水的供应是有限的。

依照句意故选A。

（6）考查连词及语境的明白得。

A. except除了；B. because 因为；C. pl enty of许多；D. instead of代替。

短语because of因为。

句意：这是因为那称为水的循环。

故选B。

（7）考查动词及语境的明白得。

A. risen升起；B. raised提高；C. forme d形成；D. found发觉。

句意：太阳给水加热，然后变成云，云确实是从水蒸气中形成的。

依照常识可知水蒸气集合形成云。

故选C。

（8）考查形容词及语境的明白得。

A. strong强壮的；B. complete完成的；
C. heavy重的；
D. broad宽的。

句意：当云重的时候，就以雨的形式又落在地球上。

依照the water falls back onto the earth as rain.可知，云重了才会以雨的形式落下。

故选C。

（9）考查副词及语境的明白得。

A. mostly要紧地；B. nearly接近；C. specially D. hardly句意：尽管地球上安全饮用水的水量在增加然而关于接近10亿人仍旧急需洁净的能够饮用的水。

依照but前后表示转折关系，前面叙述的是水的增加，后面叙述的是能够饮用的水是少的。

故选B。

（10）考查介词及语境的明白得。

for sb关于某人来说。

句意：尽管地球上安全饮用水的水量在增加然而关于接近10亿人仍旧急需洁净的能够饮用的水。

故选C。

【点评】完形填空题中单纯考查语法知识和词汇知识的试题几乎不复存在，绝大多数考题的四个选项在语法和词语搭配上都无懈可击，有的在意义上专门接近，有的从其所处的句子或短落而言难辨是否，然而结合具体的语言环境，却只有一个最佳答案。

此外，考查点大都集中在实词上，专门是动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词等。

这些词的本身具有时刻、地点、人物、动作、感情等意义。

虚词，如冠词、连词、介词等则占较小的比例。

考查上下文语境：如：1、2、3、5、6、7、8、9题，考查连词，如：4题；考查介词10题。

5.【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）D；（10）A；
【考点】科普环保类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文谈了塑料对环境造成的污染以及相应的应对措施。

(1)句意：你喝瓶装水吗？你喝一瓶水需要多长时刻？也行只是5分钟。

A. pay支付；B.cost花费；用法：sth cost sb money；C.take花费；用法：It t akes sb time to do sth；D.spend花费；度过；用法：sb spend time/money doing sth。

依照本句的结构，故答案为C。

(2)句意：然而，塑料瓶会在大自然存在500年。

塑料不容易消逝。

A.easy 容易的；B.easily容易地；C.difficult困难的；D.difficultly困难地。

此处修身动词disappear，因此用副词，依照句意，故答案为B。

(3)句意：对人类来说这是一个大问题。

A.answer回答；B.surprise惊喜；C. example例子；D.problem问题。

依照句意，故答案为D。

(4)句意：我们一年扔掉的塑料能围绕地球四次。

短语：throw away扔掉，故答案为B。

(5)A.four四；B.the fourth第四；C.four times四倍；四次；D.the fourth ti me第四次。

依照句意，故答案为C。

(6)句意：关于塑料制品来说，垃圾桶不是它们一生中的唯独归宿。

A.the o nly唯独的；B.the first第一的；C.the very正是；D.the second第二的。

依照句意，故答案为A。

(7)句意：每分钟，一满卡车的塑料制品进入海里。

go into进入；come int o进来。

本句的主语是truck，因此谓语用单数。

依照句意，故答案为B。

(8)句意：它们把海水弄脏了。

A.dirty脏的；B.clean洁净的；C.cold冷的；
D.hot热的。

依照常识可知塑料制品污染海洋，故答案为A。

(9)句意：它们对海洋动物也专门危险，专门是当它们吃掉时。

A.really真正地；B.totally完全地；C.absolutely绝对地；D.especially专门。

依照句意，故答案为D。

(10)句意：那么，有没有有用的情况我们能够做来帮忙呢？A.anything用于否定句喝疑问句；B.any thing任何情况；C.some thing某一个情况；D.som e things一些情况。

这是一个一样疑问句，故答案为A。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时第一要跃过空格通读文章把握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

6.【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）C；（8）B；（9）D；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）C；（14）C；（15）B；
【考点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是听力关于我们每个人来说差不多上专门重要的，因此我们要爱护好自己的耳朵。

如何爱护耳朵，作者在文章中给了我们一些建议。

只要我们遵从这些建议，等我们变老的时候，我们的听力就可不能出问题。

（1）B考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：听力关于我们大伙儿来说是专门重要的。

我们能够用耳朵听到精妙的音乐、鸟的唱歌、人们的笑声以及……。

listen 听，表示动作；hear 听见，听到，表示听的结果；hear of听说。

依照句意可知，我们能够用耳朵听到这些声音。

故选B。

（2）A考查名词及语境的明白得。

句意：听力关于我们大伙儿来说是专门重要的。

我们能够用耳朵听到精妙的音乐、鸟的唱歌、人们的笑声以及世界上其他各种各样的声音。

sound 指自然界中各种各样的声音；noise 噪音；voice 指人的声音；bark指狗的叫声。

依照句意可知选A。

（3）C考查连词及语境的明白得。

句意：因此我们必须尽力爱护我们的耳朵。

because 因为；although尽管，尽管；so 因此，因此；but 然而。

依照文意可知，听力关于我们每个人来说是专门重要的，因此我们要爱护好耳朵。

故选C。

（4）D考查疑问词加动词不定式及语境的明白得。

句意：下面将会告诉你如何样爱护耳朵。

what 什么；how 如何样；what to 是疑问词what 后跟动词不定式的形式；how to 是how 加动词不定式的形式。

依照句意可知，
下面告诉我们如何样爱护耳朵，故选D。

（5）A考查形容词及语境的明白得。

句意：经常听大声的音乐对我们的耳朵是有害的。

loud 是一个形容词，意思是大声的，吵闹的；aloud 是一个表语形容词，在句中做表语；loudly 是一个副词，大声地；quiet安静的。

依照句意可知选A。

（6）D考查副词及语境明白得。

句意：经常听大声的音乐对我们的耳朵是有害的，专门是用耳机听的时候。

specially是一个副词，专门地，专门地；especial是一个形容词，专门，专门的；special是一个形容词，专门的；es pecially是一个副词，专门，专门。

依照句意可知，经常听吵闹音乐，专门是用耳机来听，对我们的耳朵是有害的。

故那个地点表示的是加强语气的作用，故选D。

（7）C考查动词短语及语境的明白得。

句意：因此当你戴着耳机的时候，要把声音关小，或者是不戴耳机。

turn on打开；turn off关掉；turn down 把声音关小；turn up把声音调大。

依照文中Listening loud music a lot ca n be bad for our ears.可知，听大声地音乐对我们的鄂尔多是有害的，因此那个地点应该是建议我们把声音关小。

故选C。

（8）B考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：在游泳之前，记得要戴上耳塞，或者是戴上游泳帽。

put 戴上。

空前面的动词是remember，它的句型是re member to do sth. 记得去做某事；或remember doing sth.记得做过某事。

依照文意可知选B。

（9）D考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：在游泳之前，记得要戴上耳塞，或者是戴上游泳帽，来防止水进入你的耳朵。

那个地点使用的句型是stop sb./sth. from doing sth.防止某人做某事。

依照文意可知，我们在游泳之前戴上耳塞或游泳帽，是为了防止水进入耳朵。

故选D。

（10）B考查介词及语境的明白得。

句意：假如你要去听演唱会，要戴上耳塞，为了爱护你的耳朵不受糟糕的音乐的侵害。

for 为了，因为；from 从，来自；with 和……，带有；at在具体时刻或地点。

那个地点使用的是短语protect sb./sth. from +名词或动名词。

因此选B。

（11）A考查介词短语及语境的明白得。

句意：事实上，假如你经常去听
演唱会，或你是一个音乐家，能够为你定制专门的耳塞。

in fact 事实上，实际上；in short 简而言之；in general 一样来说；in a word 总而言之。

依照句意可知选A。

（12）D考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：假如你的耳朵受伤了，要去看大夫。

break 打破，折断；sick 病的；ill 生病的；hurt 受伤的。

依照句意可知，那个地点应该是说耳朵受损害的时候去看大夫，因此选D。

（13）C考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：假如大夫让你吃药，你就要吃药。

drink 喝；eat 吃；take吃药；have 吃，喝。

那个地点是短语take me dicine吃药，是一个固定的表达方式，故选C。

（14）C考查动词及语境的明白得。

句意：遵循上面的这些建议……。

list en 听；hear 听见；follow 遵循，跟从；fetch去取，去拿。

依照句意可知，那个地点作者建议我们要遵循上面的这些建议。

故选C。

（15）B考查形容词及语境的明白得。

句意：遵循上面的这些建议，如此当你变老的时候，你就可不能说：什么？young 年轻的；old 老的；sick
病的；tired 累的。

那个地点作者的意思是说，假如我们遵从了上面的建议，我们就能够专门好的爱护我们的耳朵，如此等我们老的时候，耳朵就可不能有问题，就可不能听不见别人说的话。

故选B。

【点评】科普类短文阅读。

完型填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完型填空第一要跃过空格通读文章把握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

7.【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；
【考点】科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文要紧讲述了水在人们生活中的重要性。

为了人类的生存，应该节约用水。

（1）考查动词辨析及语境明白得。

句意：我们每天喝水，用它做饭、洗衣服。

put 放置；make制作；take拿，花费；use用。

依照常识可知是使用它做饭，故选D。

（2）考查介词及语境明白得。

句意：没有水我们不能生存。

without没有；。