九年级化学与技术英语阅读理解20题

九年级化学与技术英语阅读理解20题
1
<背景文章>
Chemistry plays a crucial role in the development of new energy sources. As the world faces the challenges of limited fossil fuels and environmental pollution, the search for alternative energy sources has become increasingly important. Chemistry is at the forefront of this effort, as it helps us understand the properties of different materials and how they can be used to generate energy.
One of the most promising areas of research in new energy is solar power. Chemists are working on developing more efficient solar cells that can convert sunlight into electricity. This involves understanding the chemistry of semiconductors and how to optimize their properties for maximum energy conversion. Another area of research is fuel cells, which use chemical reactions to generate electricity. Chemists are exploring different types of fuels and catalysts to improve the efficiency and durability of fuel cells.
In addition to solar power and fuel cells, chemistry is also involved in the development of other new energy sources such as wind power, hydro power, and geothermal energy. For example, chemists are working on developing new materials for wind turbine blades that are stronger and
more durable. They are also studying the chemistry of water to improve the efficiency of hydroelectric power plants. And in the case of geothermal energy, chemists are exploring ways to extract heat from the earth more efficiently.
Overall, chemistry is essential for the development of new energy sources. By understanding the properties of different materials and how they can be used to generate energy, chemists are helping to create a more sustainable future.
1. What is one of the most promising areas of research in new energy according to the passage?
A. Wind power.
B. Hydro power.
C. Solar power.
D. Geothermal energy.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中明确提到“One of the most promising areas of research in new energy is solar power.”，即新能源中最有前途的研究领域之一是太阳能。

2. What are chemists working on in the development of solar cells?
A. Making them more expensive.
B. Making them less efficient.
C. Making them more beautiful.
D. Making them more efficient.
答案：D。

中文解析：文中提到“Chemists are working on developing more efficient solar cells that can convert sunlight into electricity.”，即化学家们正在努力开发更高效的太阳能电池，将阳光转化为电能。

3. What do fuel cells use to generate electricity?
A. Physical reactions.
B. Chemical reactions.
C. Biological reactions.
D. Nuclear reactions.
答案：B。

中文解析：“Another area of research is fuel cells, which use chemical reactions to generate electricity.”表明燃料电池使用化学反应来发电。

4. What are chemists doing in the development of wind power?
A. Developing new materials for wind turbine blades.
B. Making wind turbine blades smaller.
C. Making wind turbine blades more expensive.
D. Making wind turbine blades less durable.
答案：A。

中文解析：“For example, chemists are working on developing new materials for wind turbine blades that are stronger and more durable.”说明化学家们正在为风力涡轮机叶片开发新材料。

5. Why is chemistry essential for the development of new energy sources?
A. Because it makes new energy sources more expensive.
B. Because it makes new energy sources less efficient.
C. Because it helps understand the properties of different materials and how they can be used to generate energy.
D. Because it makes new energy sources less sustainable.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章最后提到“Overall, chemistry is essential for the development of new energy sources. By understanding the properties of different materials and how they can be used to generate energy, chemists are helping to create a more sustainable future.”，即化学对于新能源的发展至关重要，因为它有助于了解不同材料的特性以及如何利用它们来产生能量。

2
<背景文章>
Chemistry plays a crucial role in the field of high technology. Many chemical materials are widely used in various advanced technologies. For example, carbon nanotubes are extremely strong and lightweight materials that have found applications in electronics and aerospace. They can conduct electricity very well and are being studied for use in making more efficient batteries and solar cells.
Another important chemical material is graphene. Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It has extraordinary properties such as high conductivity, strength, and flexibility. Graphene is being explored for use in touch screens, flexible electronics,
and even in water purification systems.
In the field of medicine, chemical materials are also essential. Nanoparticles made of certain metals or polymers can be used for targeted drug delivery. These nanoparticles can be designed to carry drugs to specific parts of the body, reducing side effects and increasing the effectiveness of treatment.
Moreover, chemical sensors based on various chemical reactions are being developed to detect pollutants, explosives, and diseases. These sensors can provide rapid and accurate detection, helping to protect the environment and human health.
As technology continues to advance, the importance of chemical materials in high-tech applications will only increase. Scientists and engineers are constantly searching for new chemical materials and developing innovative ways to use them.>
6. What is carbon nanotubes being studied for?
A. Making weaker batteries.
B. Making more efficient batteries and solar cells.
C. Making heavier materials.
D. Making less conductive materials.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章中提到碳纳米管因其强度高、重量轻且导电性能良好，正在被研究用于制造更高效的电池和太阳能电池。

A 选项“制造更弱的电池”错误；C 选项“制造更重的材料”与原文不符；
D 选项“制造导电性更差的材料”错误。

7. What is the arrangement of carbon atoms in graphene?
A. Square lattice.
B. Triangular lattice.
C. Hexagonal lattice.
D. Circular lattice.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章明确指出石墨烯是由单层碳原子排列成六边形格子。

A 选项“正方形格子”错误；B 选项“三角形格子”错误；
D 选项“圆形格子”错误。

8. What can nanoparticles be used for in medicine?
A. Causing more side effects.
B. Reducing the effectiveness of treatment.
C. Targeted drug delivery.
D. Making diseases worse.
答案：C。

中文解析：文中提到由某些金属或聚合物制成的纳米粒子可用于靶向药物输送，能减少副作用并提高治疗效果。

A 选项“引起更多副作用”错误；B 选项“降低治疗效果”错误；D 选项“使疾病恶化”错误。

9. What are chemical sensors being developed for?
A. Ignoring pollutants and diseases.
B. Detecting pollutants, explosives, and diseases.
C. Making pollutants and diseases worse.
D. Hiding explosives.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章提到基于各种化学反应的化学传感器正在被开发用于检测污染物、爆炸物和疾病。

A 选项“忽视污染物和疾病”错误；C 选项“使污染物和疾病恶化”错误；D 选项“隐藏爆炸物”错误。

10. What will happen as technology continues to advance?
A. The importance of chemical materials will decrease.
B. The importance of chemical materials will stay the same.
C. The importance of chemical materials in high-tech applications will only increase.
D. Chemical materials will disappear.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章最后提到随着技术的不断进步，化学材料在高科技应用中的重要性只会增加。

A 选项“化学材料的重要性将降低”错误；B 选项“化学材料的重要性将保持不变”错误；D 选项“化学材料将消失”错误。

3
<背景文章>
Chemistry plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing environmental issues. The relationship between chemistry and environmental protection is complex and multifaceted. Chemical processes are involved in various aspects of environmental science, from air and water pollution to waste management and sustainable energy sources.
One of the major areas where chemistry intersects with environmental protection is in the study of air pollution. Chemical reactions in the atmosphere can lead to the formation of harmful pollutants such as smog, ozone, and particulate matter. Understanding these chemical processes is essential for developing strategies to reduce air pollution and protect human health.
Another important aspect is water quality. Chemical analysis of water samples can help identify contaminants and determine the appropriate treatment methods. Chemistry also plays a role in the development of sustainable water purification technologies.
Waste management is another field where chemistry can make a significant contribution. Chemical processes can be used to break down waste materials and convert them into useful products. For example, composting is a chemical process that turns organic waste into fertile soil.
In addition, chemistry is crucial for the development of sustainable energy sources. Solar cells, wind turbines, and biofuels all rely on chemical processes to convert energy from one form to another. By understanding these processes, we can develop more efficient and sustainable energy technologies.
Overall, chemistry is an essential tool for understanding and protecting the environment. By applying chemical principles and techniques, we can develop solutions to some of the most pressing
environmental challenges facing our planet.
11. What is one of the major areas where chemistry intersects with environmental protection?
A. Food safety.
B. Air pollution.
C. Fashion industry.
D. Entertainment.
答案：B。

解析：文章中明确提到“One of the major areas where chemistry intersects with environmental protection is in the study of air pollution.”，所以化学与环境保护的主要交叉领域之一是空气污染。

12. How can chemical analysis of water samples help?
A. Improve music quality.
B. Identify contaminants and determine treatment methods.
C. Decorate houses.
D. Increase popularity.
答案：B。

解析：文中提到“Chemical analysis of water samples can help identify contaminants and determine the appropriate treatment methods.”，即水样的化学分析可以帮助识别污染物并确定适当的处理方法。

13. What can chemical processes be used for in waste management?
A. Make artworks.
B. Break down waste materials and convert them into useful products.
C. Organize parties.
D. Write novels.
答案：B。

解析：文章中说“Chemical processes can be used to break down waste materials and convert them into useful products.”，所以在废物管理中，化学过程可用于分解废物材料并将其转化为有用的产品。

14. Which of the following relies on chemical processes to convert energy?
A. Cooking.
B. Solar cells, wind turbines, and biofuels.
C. Playing games.
D. Sleeping.
答案：B。

解析：“Solar cells, wind turbines, and biofuels all rely on chemical processes to convert energy from one form to another.”，即太阳能电池、风力涡轮机和生物燃料都依赖化学过程将能量从一种形式转换为另一种形式。

15. Why is chemistry essential for understanding and protecting the environment?
A. Because it makes people rich.
B. Because it helps people have fun.
C. Because it is an essential tool for developing solutions to environmental challenges.
D. Because it is easy to learn.
答案：C。

解析：文章最后提到“Overall, chemistry is an essential tool for understanding and protecting the environment. By applying chemical principles and techniques, we can develop solutions to some of the most pressing environmental challenges facing our planet.”，所以化学对于理解和保护环境至关重要，因为它是开发应对环境挑战解决方案的重要工具。

4
<背景文章>
Chemistry plays a crucial role in the field of medicine. Chemical compounds are used to develop drugs that treat various diseases. For example, antibiotics are chemicals that help fight bacterial infections. Vaccines are also developed using chemical processes. These vaccines protect us from deadly diseases like polio and measles.
In addition to drugs and vaccines, chemistry is also important in diagnostic tests. Chemical tests can detect diseases at an early stage, allowing for timely treatment. For instance, blood tests use chemical reactions to measure the levels of different substances in the blood.
Moreover, chemistry is involved in the production of medical devices. Materials like plastics and metals are used to make syringes, catheters, and artificial joints. These materials are carefully chosen for their chemical properties to ensure safety and effectiveness.
The field of chemistry continues to advance, leading to new
discoveries and innovations in medicine. Scientists are constantly researching and developing new drugs and treatments to improve human health.
16. Antibiotics are used to treat ___.
A. viral infections
B. bacterial infections
C. fungal infections
D. parasitic infections
答案：B。

解析：文章中明确提到antibiotics are chemicals that help fight bacterial infections（抗生素是帮助对抗细菌感染的化学物质）。

17. Vaccines are developed using ___.
A. mechanical processes
B. biological processes
C. chemical processes
D. physical processes
答案：C。

解析：文中提到Vaccines are also developed using chemical processes（疫苗也是通过化学过程开发的）。

18. Chemical tests can detect diseases ___.
A. at a late stage
B. only in severe cases
C. at an early stage
D. after the disease has spread
答案：C。

解析：For instance, blood tests use chemical reactions to measure the levels of different substances in the blood.（例如，血液测试使用化学反应来测量血液中不同物质的水平。

）说明化学测试可以在早期检测疾病。

19. Materials for medical devices are chosen for their ___.
A. physical properties
B. chemical properties
C. biological properties
D. mechanical properties
答案：B。

解析：These materials are carefully chosen for their chemical properties to ensure safety and effectiveness.（这些材料是根据其化学性质精心挑选的，以确保安全性和有效性。

）
20. Scientists are constantly researching and developing new drugs and treatments to ___.
A. make money
B. win awards
C. improve human health
D. show off their knowledge
答案：C。

解析：Scientists are constantly researching and developing new drugs and treatments to improve human health.（科学家们不断地研究和开发新的药物和治疗方法来改善人类健康。

）。