高中英语 Unit 8 Adventure Period Four课堂讲义 北师大版必修3

Period Four Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic
Ⅰ.单词检测
1．preparation n．准备，预备
prepare v．准备
2．shock vt.震惊，惊骇
shocking adj.令人震惊的，可怕的
3．ambition n．志向，抱负
ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的
4．exhausted adj.疲惫的
exhausting adj.令人疲惫的
5．hopeless adj.没有希望的
hope n．希望
hopeful adj.有希望的
6．cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的
cheer v．欢呼，愉快
7．distant adj.远处的；久远的
distance n．距离
8．sadness n．悲哀，忧伤
sad adj.悲伤的
9．patience n．耐心；忍耐力
patient adj.有耐心的
10．nationality n．国籍
nation n．国家，民族
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．on one’s way在途中
2．in preparation for为……做准备
3．break down损坏，不能运转
4．run out of用完，耗尽
5．have some difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
6．carry on继续(做某事)
1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。

2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.
成队的狗为他拉雪橇，所有人都配有滑雪板。

Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1．Why did Amundsen succeed while Scott not?
A．Because Amundsen reached the Pole first.
B．Because Scott’s companions died half way.
C．Because it was too cold in Antarctic.
D．Because Scott’s sledges broke down and his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow there.
答案 D
2. What did Scott’s team achieve?
A．They became rich for the trip.
B．They got nothing but pity.
C．They became the first to reach the Pole.
D．They collected rocks that proved Antarctic had once been covered by plants. 答案 D
3．Why did Scott and his men become heroes?
A．They showed great courage all the time.
B．They collected valuable rocks.
C．They died for the expedition.
D．They made great contributions to the world.
答案 A
4. Did Scott and his men survive at last?
A．Yes，they did.
B．No.They all died a heroic death.
C．All died but Scott.
D．Only Scott died at last.
答案 B
5．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Captain Scott and his team?
A．He is mildly critical.
B．He is strongly critical.
C．He has full of respect for them.
D．His attitude is not clear.
答案 C
Ⅱ.阅读课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．Scott and Amundsen started their journeys in the polar spring.(T)
2．Scott’s use of sledges and horses was a success.(F)
3．Amundsen travelled more quickly than Scott.(T)
4．When they got to the Pole，Scott’s team had a celebration.(F)
5．Captain Oates went for a walk and died in a snowstorm.(T)
6．Scott’s last letter was to his wife.(T)
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
On 1 June,1910，the race to the South Pole 1.between the Norwegian and the British was 2.on.Amundsen left on 15 October,1911.He 3.made(make) great progress because he had teams of dogs 4.pulling(pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.They arrived at the Pole on 14 December and became the first 5.to arrive(arrive)there.Scott left on 1 November 6.but his two sledges broke 7.down first and then his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow.They finally made it to the Pole and were 8.shocked(shock) to find that they had failed to win the race.On their 9.deadly(deal) return journey，they still found time to look for rocks.Their great courage made them into 10.heroes(hero)．
1．preparation n．准备，预备
(1)(原句)．..both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.
……两队人都在为下一年的探险做食物储备。

[归纳拓展]
(2)Artists use studies in preparation for a finished piece.
艺术家们使用这种研究为整体作品做准备。

(3)We each will prepare a little present.
我们每个人都要准备一个小礼物。

(4)I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her.
我马上去给她拿了些药然后为她做了些面条。

[即时跟踪]
(1)我们正为搬到一个新的办公室做准备。

We are making preparations to move to a new office.
(2)临近毕业之际，你为你的工作做好准备了吗？
Upon graduation from school，have you been prepared for the job?
(3)他正在为明天的开幕致辞做准备。

He is preparing his speech for the opening ceremony.
2．shock vt.震惊，惊骇；n.震惊；令人震惊的人/事
(1)(原句)They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.
当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。

[归纳拓展]
(2)It shocks you when something like that happens.
发生那样的事，使人觉得震惊。

(3)I was shocked at the news of her death.
我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。

(4)His attitude was shocking to her.
他的态度令她感到震惊。

(1)用shock的正确形式填空
①His death was a great shock to us all.
②I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.
③How did you get in such a shocking state?
(2)The news of his death was shock to us.(单句改错)shock前加a
3．aim n．目标；目的；v.瞄准，对准；力求达到，力争做到；目的是，旨在
(1)(原句)Aims of exploration：
探索的目标：
[归纳拓展]
with the aim of...有……的目的
take aim at瞄准
without aim漫无目的地
aim at doing...力求达到……；力争做到……
aim at/for...努力取得……
aim to do...力争做到……
be aimed at目的是，旨在
(2)She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
她去伦敦是为了找工作。

(3)He does everything without aim.
他做事都漫无目标。

(4)The hunter took aim at the wolf，fired but missed it.
猎人用枪瞄准狼开了火，却没有打中。

[即时跟踪]
(1)这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。

The programme is aimed at teenage audience.
(2)他的哥哥力争要做一名警察。

His brother aims to be a policeman.
(3)我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。

Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines.
1．on one’s way在途中
(1)(原句)On his way，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald
在途中，他收到一条来自挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的信息……
(2)Every day on my way home from school，I would admire these boots.
每天我放学回家的路上都要去欣赏一下这些靴子。

[归纳拓展]
in a way有几分；在某种程度上,all the way一路上；完全地
by way of经由；途经
in the way挡路
in no way绝不置于句首时，句子用倒装
give way to让步；屈服
in this/that way用这/那种方法,no way决不；不可能
(3)In a way it was one of our biggest mistakes.
从某种意义上说，这是我们所犯的最大错误之一。

(4)In this way，I cannot only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself.
这样，我不但解决了问题而且提高了独立克服困难的能力。

[即时跟踪]
用way的相关短语填空
(1)Don’t stand in the way.I can’t see the blackboard.
(2)He stopped for breakfast on the way to work.
(3)By the way，do you know where Mary lives?
(4)In no way am I responsible for what has happened.
2．run out of用完；耗尽(及物动词短语，of之后的宾语为被用完、用光的物品)
(1)(原句)The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.
队员们很快就筋疲力尽了，而且食物也快吃完了。

(2)Many young people run out of their money by the end of the month.
许多年轻人到月底就把钱花光了。

[归纳拓展]
is running out. 随着天气越来越干旱，河里的水快用光了。

(4)After a month their food supplies gave out.
一个月以后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。

[即时跟踪]
(1)她用光了她的钱，耐心也没了。

She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out.
(2)在长跑完之后他没了力气。

His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.
(3)我的钱用光了，我不得不回家了。

My money has been used up/run out of，so I have to return home.
(4)Our food will soon run out of.(单句改错)删除of
3．have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难
(1)(原句)The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走非常困难。

[归纳拓展]
have some/much/great/little/no difficulty in doing/with sth.＝there’s some/much/great/little/no difficulty in doing/with sth.做某事有一些/许多/很大/一点/没有困难
have a problem in doing sth.做某事有问题
have a difficult time in doing sth.做某事有困难
have fun in doing sth.做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得乐趣
(2)She has some difficulty in learning English.
她在学英语方面有些困难。

(3)He said he had some difficulty with pronunciation.
他说他在发音方面有些困难。

(4)They have a difficult time in passing the exam.
他们要通过这次考试有困难。

[即时跟踪]
(1)解决这个问题有很多麻烦。

There is much difficulty (in) solving the problem.
(2)然而，这两个国家绝大多数的人在理解彼此上并没有困难。

However，most of the people from the two countries do not have any difficulty (in) understanding each other.
(3)孩子们从捉迷藏中找到了乐趣。

The children have fun (in) playing hide­and­se ek.
(4)I would like to help those who have difficulty learn Chinese.(单句改
错)learn→learning
4．carry on继续做某事
(1)(原句)Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.
斯科特和两名队友继续前行，到达距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。

[归纳拓展]
carry on with sth.继续做某事
carry away拿走；冲走；吸引住
carry back将……送/带回原地；使某人记起
carry out执行；实施；履行；完成
carry through达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
(2)Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。

(3)His strong determination carried him through his illness.
他坚强的意志使他渡过了生病的难关。

[即时跟踪]
(1)Carry on working when I’m out.(句型转换)
＝Carry on with your work when I’m out.
(2)他没有履行诺言。

He has failed to carry out his promise.
1．完全倒装句
(1)(原句)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。

[归纳拓展]
当then，there，up，down，away，off，now，here，in，out等表示方位或位置变化的副词放在句首，且谓语是表示存在的动词如lie，live，sit，stand或come，go，rise等动词并且主语是名词时，句子一般要全部倒装，即把谓语动词整个提到主语前。

这类句子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。

但如果主语是代词时，即使把这些词放在句首，也不倒装。

，here goes the story.
这个故事是这样的。

(3)Away flew the bird.那只鸟飞走了。

(4)There she goes.她去那儿了。

[即时跟踪]
(1)句型转换
①The rain fell down in the afternoon.
＝Down fell the rain in the afternoon.
②A cushion lay next to them.
＝Next to them lay a cushion.
(2)单句改错
①Here comes it.
Here it comes.
②At the top of the hill the tiny church stood.
At the top of the hill stood the tiny church.
2．have sb.doing sth.结构
(1)(原句)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 成队的狗为他拉雪橇，所有人都配有滑雪板。

[归纳拓展]
have sb./sth.doing现在分词表示进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者。

have sb./sth.do动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者。

have sb./sth.done过去分词表示已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者。

(2)My mum has me reading the poem.
我妈妈让我一直读那首诗。

(3)He had his son clean the car.
他叫他的儿子擦车。

(4)We had the machine repaired.
我们请人修理了机器。

[即时跟踪]
(1)我会让你在那里站一个小时。

I’ll have you standing there for an hour.
(2)我的表昨天被人偷去了。

I had my watch stolen yesterday.
(3)He had his window broke to pieces.(单句改错)broke→broken
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Alice lives in France but has British nationality.
2．His cheerful(欢快的) jokes made us forget our tiredness.
3．Having experienced sadness，you can truly taste the sweets of happiness. 4．He only says things like that to shock(使……震惊) you.
5．Once a person is into drugs he will become hopeless.
6．She owes her success to hard work and patience(耐心)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
break down，on one’s way，run out of，have difficulty in doing sth.，carry on 1．The students have difficulty in understanding the sentence.
2．We’ve run out of sugar，so I must buy some more.
3．They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties. 4．He broke down when he heard that his bird was dead.
5．Can you buy me a newspaper on your way home?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．门开了，史密斯先生走了进来。

The door opened and in came Mr Smith.
2．没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。

Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.
3．解决这个问题我有些困难。

I have some difficulty in solving the problem.
4．我们的粮食快用完了，我们感到很无助。

The supply of our food almost ran out and we felt helpless.
5．为备战这场重要比赛，队伍一直在严格训练。

The team has been training hard in preparation for the big game.
Ⅰ.语境填词
A)用所提供单词的正确形式填空
1．He is a man of political ambition(ambitious)．
2．Scott’s death shocked(shock) the whole world.
3．Things will turn out better，so we must wait patiently(patient)．
4．The train disappeared in the distance(distant)．
5．The alarm system was not functioning(function) when the paintings were stolen.
B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)
6．I was prepared for the worst，hoping for the best.
7．The book is aimed at very young children.
8．This telephone can also function as a fax machine.
9．They decided to break up the partnership.
10．In case you do not carry out the contract，we’ll have to cancel it.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
People travel for a lot of reasons.Some travelers go to see battlefids or religious shrines.Others are looking for culture，or simply want to have their photos taken in front of famous places.But most Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it.Residents of cities like London，Copenhagen，and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short and much of the rest of the year is in the rain.Every summer，more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean(地中海) resorts and beaches for their vacation.They all come for the same reason：the sun.
The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economies of Mediterranean countries.Italy’s 30,000 hotels are booked every summer.And 13 million people camp out on French beaches，parks，and roadsides.Spain’s long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else.37 million tourists visit yearly，or one tourist for every person living in Spain.
But there are signs that the area is getting more tourism than it can handle.The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on earth.And with increased tourism，it’s getting worse.The French can’t figure out what to do with a ll the garbage left by campers around St.Tropez.And in many places，swimming is dangerous because of pollution.
None of this，however，is damaging anyone’s fun.The Mediterranean gets more popular every year with tourists.Obviously，they don’t go there for clea n water.They stand traffic jams and seem to like crowded beaches.They don’t even mind the pollution.No matter how dirty the water is，the coastline still looks beautiful.And as long as the sun shines，it’s still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin，London，or else.
11．It can be inferred from the passage that Europeans travel mostly for the reason
that .
A．they want to see battlefields or religious shrines
B．they are interested in different cultures
C．they would like to take pictures in front of famous sites
D．they wish to escape from the cold，dark and rainy days back at home
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据文章第一段第四到七句可知，欧洲人旅行主要是因为他们所处的气候缺少光照，他们旅行的原因是为了阳光，由此可推知他们想摆脱寒冷、黑暗、多雨的日子。

故选D。

12．In Para.1，cities like London，Copenhagen，and Amsterdam are mentioned to show that .
A．they are not good cities in climate
B．how rich their residents are
C．these cities lack places of historic interest and tourist spots
D．they have got more tourism than they can handle
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据文章第一段的句子“...London，Copenhagen，and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short and much of the rest of the year is in the rain.”可知，伦敦、哥本哈根和阿姆斯特丹这样的城市被提到，是为了表明这些城市气候条件不好。

故选A。

13．According to the passage，which of the following countries attracts more tourists than the others?
A．Italy. B．Spain.
C．France. D．Greece.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第二句“Spain’s long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else.”可知，西班牙是最吸引游客的地方。

故选B。

14．The underlined sentence “one tourist for every person living in Spain” (Para.2 ) means “”．
A．every year the number of tourists is equal to the number of people living in Spain B．all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists
C．every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist
D．every Spanish is visited by a tourist every year
答案 A
解析句意理解题。

根据文章第二段最后一句“37 million tourists visit yearly，or one tourist for every person living in Spain.”每年有三千七百万游客来参观，或者说对于每个生活在西班牙的人来说都有一个游客。

可知，西班牙每年的游客数量和当地居民的数量一样多。

故选A。

B
IT’S SUMMER!
Get out and enjoy it.
Summer is here and the weather is beautiful，providing a wealth
of opportunities to enjoy outdoor activities.During the summer
months，Edmonton and its surrounding areas become filled with
energy that makes physical activity the perfect companion.
HIKING is a great workout for any part of the body.It helps
to burn those calories(卡路里) from the late­night campfire food.
Keeping enough water in the body is very important，
especially in the heat of the summer when your body is losing
water due to sweating.Carry your water bottle with you in
a water carrier that fits on your body like a small
backpack.For further information on hiking，visit www.fitfrog.ca.
BIKING is a great workout that brings many health benefits.Take your bike with you on a holiday and you will cover far more ground than you would on foot！Bike rentals are inexpensive and it is a great way to enjoy the scenery of your vacation destination.Be sure to wear a helmet，and if you enjoy biking at night，be sure to use a light on your bike.
Edmonton has 260 km of bikeways with its boundaries，making
it the largest bikeway network in North America.Visit
www.edmonton.ca.
TEAM SPORTS are an excellent way to burn calories and stay fit
while having fun with others.It is a chance for you to meet new people and build a social support network that will help you to stay motivated during the summer months.
A team sport to try this summer is Frisbee(飞盘)．The Edmonton
Association runs all the year round.For more information about
joining a summer Frisbee league，visit .
TAI CHI includes a number of gentle movements and simple
postures(姿势) designed to relieve stress，improve balance and the ability to suit
various situations，and promote overall well­being.The mental and physical benefits that Tai Chi provides make it an activity for people of all ages and all levels of fitness.
For further information about classes，please visit www.edmontontaichi.ca. 15．From the ad，we can infer that if you want to go biking .
A．you can only do it during a holiday
B．you can’t do it at la te hours of the night
C．you are not allowed to ride on the streets
D．you do not necessarily have a bike of your own
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据BIKING部分中的“Bike rentals are inexpensive”可推知，可以租自行车来骑车旅行，所以没有必要自己买车，故D项正确。

16．Which of the following offers information about sports that need cooperation? A．www.fitfrog.ca.
B．www.edmonton.ca.
C．.
D．www.edmontontaichi.ca.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据TEAM SPORTS部分的内容可知Frisbee需要团队合作，故选C项。

17．Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?
A．People can take up Frisbee in any season.
B．Edmonton has bikeways all over America.
C．People can only take on­line classes for Tai Chi.
D．Hiking helps to gain energy from campfire food.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第三段的第二句“The Edmonton Association runs all the year round.”可知Frisbee全年开放，故选A。

Ⅲ.语法填空
One afternoon，Ben was playing in the backyard.A big 18.beautiful(beauty) cat jumped over the fence and lay down among his mother’s plants.Ben moved up to the cat 19.slowly(slow)．He caught it by the tail and dropped it into a basin of water.His mother 20.looked(look) out of the window and saw him.She asked him 21.to go(go) back to the house and spoke angrily to him because 22.of his bad behavior.Then she told 23.him that he must go to bed and stay there till evening.Before long Ben fell
asleep.He dreamed that he grew 24.smaller(small) than a cat.Even worse，the cat was running after him.He kicked and screamed,25.but he could not get away.At last the cat dropped him and he fell into 26.a big pond.He sank down，down into the cold water.Then he woke up.After that，he loved animals and protected them from 27.being hurt(hurt)．。