泛读教程_BOOK3_

Unit 2
Section A
Text I It’s Never Too Late for Success
beatnik n. 服装奇特行为怪僻的人
be given to = 喜欢, 癖好<He’s given to taking long walks.他非常喜欢长途散步。

>
amount to = Often negative. 有所(成就)
a hill of beans = 毫无价值; 微不足道
not amount to a hill of beans = 一文不值
inspiring a. 鼓舞的, 激励的
flaunt vt. 夸耀, 炫耀
ruffle vt. 弄皱<ruffled 弄皱的>
attic n. a story or room directly below the roof of a house or a building 顶楼，阁楼
formative a. 成长的，发展的<a child’s formative years孩子个性形成时期> put vt. 使从事
fire vt. 激发；激起<He was fired with the desire to visit China.他激起了到中国旅游的念头。

>
William James Mayo n. American surgeon who with his brother Charles Horace Mayo (1865-1939) founded the Mayo Clinic, a renowned private medical center in Rochester, Minnesota 威廉·詹姆斯·梅奥(1861-1939)
Harvey Cushing n. 哈维·库欣(1869-1939美国神经学家)
ballplayer n. 棒球手
plead vi. appeal earnestly; beg 恳求; 请求
addled a. 糊涂的；愚蠢的
go vi. 据说，据传
Wright brothers n. 莱特兄弟(发明飞机的美国航空先驱)
Enrico Fermi n. 恩里科·费密(1901-1954意大利裔美国物理学家，1938年获诺贝尔奖)
Albert Schweitzer n. 阿尔贝特·施韦策尔(1875-1965 法国哲学家、医生和音乐家，1952年获诺贝尔和平奖)
divinity school n. 神学院
barely ad. hardly 勉强; 几乎没有
whereupon ad. 于是, 因此
glee club n. a group of singers who perform usually short pieces of choral music 合唱队, 合唱团
checkered a. marked by great changes or shifts in fortune盛衰无常的, 多变的<a checkered career充满波折的经历>
Harry Truman n. 哈里·杜鲁门(1884-1972, 美国第33任总统1945-1953)
stretch n. a continuous period of time一段时间
get there AE colloq. make progress or achieve success成功, 达到目的postmaster n. 邮政局长
infuriate vt. make furious; enrage激怒
populace n. the general public; the masses 民众；群众
prodigy n. a person with exceptional talents or powers 天才; 神童
Grandma Moses = Anna Mary Robertson Moses安娜·玛丽·罗伯特森·摩西(1860-1961美国画家)
Section C
Text II The Education of Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin n.英裔美籍政治家(1811-1884)，曾任南部联邦战时国防部长（1861-1862年）和国务卿（1862-1865年）
junto n. a small, usually secret group united for a common interest 团体conversationalist n. 健谈的人
be obliged to do sth. = 不得不(做某事), 必须(做某事)
Unit 3
Section A
Text I Signals Without Words
snap a. 仓促的；突然的
seemingly ad. 表面上；好像
unsound a. not true or logically valid; fallacious 理由不充分的; 不可靠的; 错误的
antipathy n. a strong feeling of aversion or repugnance厌恶; 反感
assume vt. take for granted; suppose 想当然；以为
touch upon = 简单涉及
drum vt. vi. thump or tap rhythmically or continually 连续敲击
resentful a. 愤怒的, 愤恨的
project vt. convey an impression of to others 传达<a posture that projects defeat 表达胜利的姿势> < project a positive corporate image传达公司正面的形象> ornament n. 装饰物；装饰品
campaign button n. 军功章
Phi Beta Kappa n. an honorary society, founded in 1776, of college students and graduates whose members are chosen on the basis of high academic standing 联谊会
correlation n. 相互关系, 相关性
romantic n. 浪漫主义者
trait n. a distinguishing feature of a person’s character特性，特点
at home a. comfortable and relaxed; at ease舒适的, 轻松的<at home in diplomatic circles在外交场合轻松自如>
rigid a. 刚性的; 严格的
norm n. 规范；准则<social norms社会准则>
stance n. 站立姿势
Section C
Text II The Secret Language of Barrier Signals
barrier n. 障碍<The police put a barrier across the road.警察设了路障。

> barricade n. something that serves as an obstacle; a barrier 屏障
decrease vi. 减少；降低<Your hunger decreases as you eat.饥饿感在吃饭时会渐渐消失的。

>
stride vi. strode, stridden 迈步, 大步行走
trunk n. the body of a human being excluding the head and limbs 躯干, 身躯fend off = 挡开
covering-up n. 掩盖
cuff-link n. （衬衫袖口的）链扣
fiddle with = 摆弄, 摸弄
finger vt. touch with the fingers 用手指触碰, 用手指摸弄
strap n. 带; 表带
crease n. （衣服等的）皱痕, 皱折
reposition vt. 调换位置
stroke vt. rub lightly with the hand 抚摸
indisputable a. beyond dispute or doubt; undeniable无可争辩的, 无可置疑的, 明白的, 确实的
get across vt. make understandable or clear被理解<Did your speech get across to the crowd?你的演说听众理解吗?>；使了解<I have tried to get my point across.
我已尽力让我的观点清晰明了.>
none the less = 依然, 仍然
edge vi. move gradually or hesitantly 缓缓移动<The child edged toward the door.这孩子慢慢走向门.>
intertwine vt. join by twining together 使缠绕
amplify vt. 增强，放大
beyond prep. on the far side of 在…的那边<Just beyond the fence. 就在篱笆那边> <The road is beyond that hill.路在山的那一边。

>
Unit 4
Section A
Text I Little Brother of the Wolf
next to prep. 仅次于
coyote n. a small, wolflike carnivorous animal native to western North America 郊狼
campaign n. 活动，运动<a campaign to stop people smoking一项阻止人们吸烟的运动>
pelt n. the skin of an animal with the fur or hair still on it 毛皮
mole n. 鼹鼠, 田鼠
as such 同样地
open season n. the period during which it is legal to hunt or catch game or fish (渔猎)开放期
outwit vt. surpass in cleverness; outsmart 以机智胜过，智胜
flat car n. 平板车
haunt vi. 经常出没, 逗留
range n. 靶场；射击场
clinging a. 有粘性的
snow tire n. <美>雪地防滑轮胎
telescopic sight n. 望远镜瞄准具
stub n. 残余
pup n. 幼崽
track vt. follow the tracks of 跟踪，追踪
trace n. a visible mark, such as a footprint, made or left by the passage of a person, an animal, or a thing 痕迹, 踪迹
den n. the shelter or retreat of a wild animal; a lair兽穴；洞穴
decoy n. 引诱物; 诱饵
divert vt. distract 转移<My attention was diverted by an argument between motorists.>
urine n. [`ju rin] 尿，尿液
set off vt. cause to explode 使爆炸，引起爆炸<As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, setting off firecrackers is justifiably welcomed by most Chinese people.>
sodium cyanide n. 氰化钠
release vt. 释放, 放出
gas vt. kill with poisonous fumes 用毒气杀害
humane a. 仁慈的；人道的
predator n. an organism that lives by preying on other organisms食肉动物, 捕食其他动物的动物
redouble vt. double 加倍< redouble one’s efforts加倍努力>
break up vt. bring to an end (使)结束<Guards broke up the fight.> < The police broke up the fight among the two black gangs.>
short of prep. other than 除…以外；只要没有< They would commit every crime short of murder. 除谋杀以外，他们无恶不作.> <Short of yelling at him, I had no other way to catch his attention. 除了大声向他喊叫，我真想不出还有什么办法能引起他的注意.>
signal a. notably out of the ordinary 显著的, 重大的<a signal feat丰功伟绩> <a signal victory重大的胜利>
mate vi. 交配<Birds mate in the spring.鸟儿在春天交配。

>
rendezvous n. 约会地点；聚会地点<This club is a rendezvous for writers.> Section C
Text II Bird Brains
carrion [ ] n. 腐尸; 腐肉<carrion crow吃腐肉的乌鸦>
walnut [ ] n. 核桃，胡桃
corvine [ ] a. 乌鸦的
raven [ ] n. 乌鸦; 渡鸦
rook [ ] n. 白嘴鸦; [北英]乌鸦
jackdaw [ ] n. 穴鸟；寒鸦
clam [ ] n. 蛤, 蚌
nutcracker [ ] n. [鸟]星鸦
New Caledonia [ ] n. 新喀里多尼亚(法国在西南太平洋的海外领土，由新喀里多尼亚岛和几个较小的岛屿组成)
palaeolithic [ ] a. 旧石器时代的
forage [ ] vt. vi. 搜寻粮草
snippers [ ] n. 手剪(一种剪刀)
rake [ ] n. 耙子
trial and error n. 反复试验
habitat [ ] n. 居住地; 栖息地
woodpecker [ ] n. [鸟]啄木鸟
cactus [ ] n. [植]仙人掌
finch [ ] n. [鸟]雀类(如燕雀,金翅雀等)
saddleback [ ] n. 一种燕雀类鸟; 黑背鸥
Claude Monet n. 克劳德·莫内( 1840-1926法国画家和印象主义的创始人) kea [ ] n. (新西兰产的)食肉鹦鹉
preset [ ] vt. 预置; 预调
squawk [ ] vi. 发出叫声
chimp [ ] = chimpanzee [ ] n. 黑猩猩
moose [ ] n. [动] 驼鹿(产于北美的一种大鹿)
caw [ ] n. 乌鸦的叫声
honk [ ] vi. 发出雁叫声
pool [ ] vt. 共享；分享
kill n. an animal killed, especially in hunting 猎获物
predator [ ] n. 捕食其他动物的动物, 食肉动物
Unit 6
Section A
Text I V ocabulary Change
readily ad. easily容易地；不困难地
siege n. the surrounding and blockading of a city, town, or fortress by an army attempting to capture it 包围；围困；围攻
veal n. the meat of a calf 小牛肉
Germanic a. n. 日耳曼语（的）
ensemble n. 合奏曲；合唱曲
lingerie [ ] [ ] n. women’s underclothes 女用内衣
suede [sweid] n. 小山羊皮
rouge n. 胭脂, 口红
deluxe a. 豪华的, 高级的<a deluxe hotel> ad. 豪华地<We always travel deluxe. 我们旅行一向很考究。

>
delicatessen [ ] n. ready-to-serve foods such as cheeses, cold cooked meats, and salads 熟食; a shop that sells cooked or prepared foods ready for serving 熟食店
soprano n. 女高音
trombone n. [ ] n. 长号
serenade n. 小夜曲
exotic a. from another part of the world; foreign 外来的；外国的<exotic tropical plants in a greenhouse>
bandanna or bandana n. a large handkerchief usually figured and brightly colored （有色印花的）大手帕
sari [` ] n. （印度妇女披的）纱丽
bangle n. 手镯; 脚镯
alchemy n. 炼金术
almanac [ ] n. 历书, 年历; 年鉴
algebra n. 代数(学)
doublet n. a pair of similar or identical things 成对物; 对偶物
magistrate n. 文职官员; 地方法官
levee n. an embankment raised to prevent a river from overflowing 堤岸，防洪堤
mesa n. a broad, flat-topped elevation with one or more clifflike sides, common in the southwest United States 台地，平顶山
smearcase n. AE 农家鲜干酪
coleslaw n. 凉拌卷心菜
cooky n. V ariant of cookie 饼干
stoop vt. vi. 屈身，弯腰；俯首<He stooped to look under the table.他弯腰往桌下看。

> <stoop in order to fit into the cave弯腰才能进洞>
moccasin n. 鹿皮靴
squaw n. Offensive. a Native American woman, especially a wife 美洲印第安妇女，尤指妻子; a woman or wife妇女; 妻子
wigwam n. （印第安人的）棚屋
banjo n. 班卓琴, 五弦琴
gumbo n. [植] 秋葵
voodoo n. a religion practiced chiefly in Caribbean countries, especially Haiti[`heiti] 伏都教
exploit vt. 开拓, 开发, 开采<exploit the oil under the sea>
assimilate vt. 同化<The U. S. A. has assimilated people from many European countries.>
masseur [ ] n. a man who gives massages professionally 男按摩师
ghoul n. a grave robber 盗尸者; 盗墓者
hickory n. 山胡桃树; 山胡桃木
Genesis n. [圣经] 创世纪
worm n. 虫；蠕虫
slowworm n. [动] 蛇蜥
blindworm n. 蛇蜥
glowworm n. 萤火虫
womb n. uterus 子宫; a place where something is generated 发源地
Unit 7
Section A
Text I Has the Bright Promise of the Space Program Faded
catch-up a. 追上的, 赶上的, 迎头赶上的
rude a. abruptly and unpleasantly forceful 突然的, 猛烈的, 猝然的<a rude shock猝然的打击>
sputnik [ ] n. (苏联)人造地球卫星
ahead of = 在…之前；超过<Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane.>
comparable a. similar or equivalent同等的, 类似的<pianists of comparable ability能力相当的钢琴家> < A comparable car would cost far more in Europe.>
thrust power n. 推进功率
capsule n. 胶囊; 太空舱
cosmonaut [ ] n. a Soviet astronaut (苏联)宇航员, 航天员
Y uri Gagarin n. 尤利·加加林(1934-1968) 1961年第一个进入宇宙空间的苏联宇航员
pledge n. 保证, 誓言< make a pledge发誓>
add to vt. 增加
dramatic a. 激动人心的; 引人注目的
NASA [ ] abbr.（美国）国家航空和航天局
blue-ribbon a. 头等的, 第一流的
commission n. 委员会
hearing n. 听证会；意见听取会<hold a hearing into sth 就某事举行意见听取会>
track n. 轨道; 路径
forthcoming a. about to appear or take place; approaching 即将到来的; 准备好的
substantial a. considerable in value, degree, amount 很多的; 大量的; (相当)大的
cut back vi. 减少；削减<cut back on industrial production>
point n. a distinct condition or degree某种状况，某种程度<reach the point of exhaustion到达筋疲力尽的程度>
fabric n. 结构，构造<The whole fabric of society was changed by the coup d’etat.>
act n. 行动(过程)
put together vt. 使成整体, 整理(思路,意见等)
Section C
Text II Probing the Universe
V ostok spaceship n. (苏联)东方号飞船
pilot vt. 驾驶(飞机, 船等)
eclipse n. (日, 月)食, 蚀< lunar eclipse月蚀>
ecliptical a. 食的, 黄道的
decan n. [ ] 黄道十度分度
Phoenician [ ] a. 腓尼基的, 腓尼基人的
Grecian [ ] a. 希腊的
Aristarchus [¸ ] n. Greek grammarian and critic 阿里斯塔克斯(希腊语法学家和评论家)
Ptolemy [ ] n. 托勒密(公元2世纪的古希腊天文学家、地理学家、数学家, 地心说的创立者)
Ptolemaic [¸ ] a. 托勒密的；托勒密天动说的
cosmology n. 宇宙论，宇宙学
Copernican [ ] a. 哥白尼（学说）的<Copernican theory太阳中心说, 地动说>
Moorish [ ] a. 摩尔人的
heliocentric [¸ ] a. having the sun as a center以太阳为中心的, 日心的<the heliocentric theory 地动说, 日心说>
antiquity n. 古老
Revelation n.〈圣经〉启示录
Tycho Brahe n. 第谷·布雷赫(1546-1601丹麦天文学家)
to date ad. 到此为止
Johannes Kepler n. 约翰尼斯·开普勒(1571-1630德国天文学家和数学家) predecessor [ ] n. 前任
presuppose [¸ ] vt. believe or suppose in advance 推测, 预想
cube n. 立方, 三次幂
mean a. 平均的
Padua [ ] n. 帕多瓦[意大利东北部城市]
Galileo Galilei n. 伽利略(意大利天文学家、数学家1564-1642)
Galileo [¸ ] n. 伽利略(意大利物理及天文学家1564-1562)
lens grinder n. 镜头研磨者, 镜片研磨者
phase n. 相, 变相
sunspot n. 太阳黑子
thermonuclear a. 核热能的，热核的
reactor n. 反应堆
Quaker n. 教友派信徒, 贵格会会员
John Dalton n. 约翰·道尔顿(1766-1844, 英国化学家、物理学家, 原子学说首创人, 红绿色盲的发现者)
nebulae n. 星云
pulsar n. 脉冲星
quasar n. 类星体
flare vi. 闪光；闪耀
probe n. 外太空探测器；探测飞船
Lunik [ ] n. (苏联发射的)月球探测器, 探月火箭
John Glenn n. American astronaut and politician(美国宇航员、政治家1921---) orbit vt. 绕轨道运行<The spaceship orbited the moon.> < The earth orbits the sun once every 365.25 days.地球每365.25天绕太阳轨道一圈。

>
Mercury craft n. 水星飞行器
boost vt. 推进; 往上推
Atlas rocket n. 大力神火箭
endurance n. 持续时间
set foot on = 踏上
climax n. 顶点；顶峰
mission n. an aerospace operation intended to carry out specific program objectives 太空行动<a mission to Mars火星太空行动> < a mission to the moon 登月球飞行>
outermost a. most distant from the center or inside 最外的, 最远的
relay vt. 分程传递
reconnaissance [ ] n. 侦察；勘察
surveying [ ] n. 测量, 勘测
electromagnetic a. 电磁的
return journey n. 往返旅行
Aldebaran [ ] n. 毕宿五(金牛座α星，位于金牛座的一颗双星，离地球68光年，为天空中最亮的星之一)
Antares n. 心宿二
galactic [ ] a. 银河的
minute a. exceptionally small; tiny微小的
fraction n. a small part 小部分
Andromeda n. 仙女座
Unit 8
Section A
Text I Women in Education, Sports and Media
feminist n. a person whose beliefs and behavior are based on feminism 女权主义者
concern n. a matter that relates to or affects one 利害关系; 关心, 关注, 所关切的事
bias n. a preference or an inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment 偏见
mechanics n. 机械制造学
segregate vt. 分开；分离
career n. a chosen pursuit; a profession or occupation 职业
program vt. design a program for; schedule the activities of 规划, 设计
title n. a division of a law book, declaration, or bill, generally larger than a section or article 章节
amendment n. formal revision of, addition to, or change in a bill or a constitution 修正案，修正条款
enforcement n. 实施, 执行
dramatically ad. 鲜明地; 显著地
institute vt. establish 建立; 设立; 创立
portray vt. depict or describe in words 描绘; 描写; 描述
stereotyped a. 老一套的, 固定不变的, 僵化的
administrator n. 管理人; 行政官员
superintendent n. 督导; (某一部门的)主管, 负责人
check on = 检查
file vt. 提出；提交
turn ones back on = 避开，不理睬<I can’t turn my back on him when he needs help.>
relief n. public assistance 救助；救济<send relief to flood victims>
devotion n. 热爱, 投入
media attention n. 媒体关注
prize money = 奖金
coach vt. 训练；指导
perseverance n. 毅力
teamwork n. cooperative effort by the members of a group or team to achieve a common goal 协同工作; 合作
sexism n. discrimination based on gender, especially discrimination against women 性别歧视
conviction n. a fixed or strong belief 信念；信心
visibility n. the capability of being easily observed 引人注目<an executive with high visibility有很大吸引力的总经理>
feature n. 特写, 特辑；特别报导<a front-page feature on coalmining>
come through vi. become manifest 成为显然的<The parents’ tenderness comes through in their facial expressions. 父母的慈爱之情显现在脸上>
sex object n. a person regarded primarily as the focus of sexual attraction 性目标sexploitation n. exploitative use of explicit sexual material in the media and in movies 性泛滥; 色情利用
feature vt. give special attention to; display, publicize, or make prominent 展示bouffant [ ] a. 蓬松的（头发）
stereotyping gerund 僵化, 固定
gear vt. adjust or adapt so as to make suitable 调整, 使适合
shape vt. adapt to a particular use or purpose; adjust 调整; 影响
Section C
Text II Women in Science
Baltimore n. 巴尔的摩(美国马里兰州一港市)
Hall effect n. 霍耳效应, 内液增阻效应
handful n. a small, undefined number or quantity 少数<only a handful of
people on the street只有少数几个人在街上>
literacy n. 有教养, 有学问
august a. 令人敬畏的; venerable for reasons of age or high rank 尊贵的tentatively ad. 试验性地
point n. 要点；论点
out of place a. 不合适, 不恰当
decidedly ad. 确实无疑地，明确地
monstrosity n. 畸形; 怪物
oddity n. 奇异, 古怪
conditioning n. Psychology条件作用, 训练
nova n. 新星
document vt. support (an assertion or a claim) with evidence or decisive information 证明
sorting gerund 分类
draw on = 利用
drop-out n. 中途退学的人
account for = provide an explanation or justification 解释；说明< How do you account for all the accidents in series?> <I want you to account for each sum of the money you spent.> <Can you account for the serial failures in our experiment? > rate vt. regard or account 认为<rate the movie excellent>
Bronx n. 布朗克斯区(美国纽约市的行政区)
excel vi. show superiority; surpass others 胜过, 超过
macho [ ] a. 男子的, 男子气的
mores [ ] n. 传统习惯; 习俗, 惯例
stick with = 坚持做; 忠于
sink in = 被理解，被了解<The warning failed to sink in, and he got into trouble as a consequence.>
payoff n. 成果, 报酬
get it =了解, 懂得
stick it out = 坚持到底
esthetic [ ] a. V ariant of aesthetic 美学的, 审美的
scholastic a. 学校的; 教育的
Scholastic Aptitude Test AE大学入学考试中的学力、智力及性向测验
flunk vt. vi. fail 不及格
faculty n. 学院，系<the Faculty of Arts文学院> <the Faculty of Science理学院>
for the most part = 在极大程度上, 几乎完全地
Unit 9
Section A
Text I The Unforgettable Hong Kong
arc vi. move in a curved path 沿曲线前进, 成曲线飞行
descent n. 下降；下滑
rhythm n, movement or variation characterized by the regular recurrence 节奏，律动<the rhythm of the tides潮汐的涨落>
pass by vi. 走过
congee [` ] n. 粥
incense n. the smoke or odor produced by the burning of an aromatic substance （供神所焚烧的）香; 熏香的烟
pounding present p. 打击的
beat n.（音乐的）拍子，节拍
dot vt. cover with dots 点缀<Campfires, like red, peculiar blossoms, dotted the night. (Stephen Crane) 营火象红色的、别致的花朵点缀着黑夜>
tropic of Cancer n. 北回归线
color vt. exert an influence on; affect 影响<The war colored the lives of all of us.战争影响我们所有人的生活.> <You must be aware that personal feelings may color judgment.>
sheer a. 全然的, 纯粹的, 绝对的
double-decker tram n. 双层电车，双层有轨电车
twist vt. 使变形, 扭弯; 扭歪; 扭曲<twist wire into a loop把电线弯成一个圈> dwarf vt. cause to appear small by comparison使相形见绌<He dwarfs other dramatists.他使其他剧作家相形见绌。

>
parade n. a line or extended group of moving persons or things 行进中的人; 移动的物体<a parade of strollers on the mall在购物中心的一群游逛者> stumble vi. proceed unsteadily or falteringly 蹒跚
stretch out vi. 伸手, 伸直身子
in the wake = 在…之后<The truck left clouds of dust in its wake.车后扬起了一阵尘土。

>
glow n. 炽热；光辉<the evening glow 晚霞> <the glow of a sunset 落日的光辉> <The oil-lamp gives a soft glow. 油灯发出柔和的光。

>
joss stick n. (寺庙里点的)香
beckon vi. 有诱惑力<The mountains beckon.青山诱人。

>
cavernous a. 洞穴状的
age-old a. very old or of long standing 古老的
removed a. distant in space, time; remote 遥远的
intricate a. 错综复杂的; 精致的
ware n. 陶器, 器皿
craftsman n. a man who practices a craft with great skill工匠；手工艺人
bring to life = 使复活
reign vi. be predominant or prevalent 盛行；占优势<After the storm, quietness reigned.风暴过后是一片寂静。

> <Panic reigned as the fire spread.大火蔓延时到处一片恐慌.>
cruise n. 乘船游览
three-piece suit n. a suit consisting of a jacket, trousers, and a vest 三件套surreal [ ] a. (=surrealistic) 超现实的, 离奇的
hustle and bustle n. 熙熙攘攘
paddler n. 涉水者
earthly a. 地球的
herbalist n. 草药采集者; 草药种植者; 草药商
jade n. 玉；翡翠
weigh down = 使负重, 重压<trees weighed down by snow and ice被冰雪压弯了的树>
antique n. 古董, 古玩
stereo [`sti ri u] n. 立体声系统
peerless a. 无比的；无双的；绝世的
ready-to-wear a. 现成的, 做好的
neon light n. 霓虹灯
blind vt. dazzle 使晕眩<skiers temporarily blinded by sunlight on snow滑雪者有时被雪反射的阳光照得头晕目眩>
glitter n. a sparkling or glistening light闪烁的光辉；闪光
toast vt. drink to 敬酒，祝酒
racetrack n. 赛马场; 跑道
tense a. 紧张的
underway a. ad. 正在进行中
recital n. a public performance of music or dance by a solo performer独奏会, 独唱会
philharmonic [ ] n. a symphony orchestra 交响乐团
take in = look at thoroughly; view 注视; 观看, 参观, 游览<take in the sights> in order = 恰当, 适宜
dilemma n. 困难的选择
mouthwatering a. 令人垂涎的
craving n. 渴望，迫切需要
make it to = go to
hot pot n. BE a stew of lamb or beef and potatoes cooked in a tightly covered pot 罐闷土豆牛肉或羊肉
shark’s fin n. 鱼翅
Causeway Bay n. 堤道湾
Section C
Text II London
venerable a. worthy of reverence by religious or historical association庄严的<venerable church庄严的教堂>
quaint a. odd, especially in an old-fashioned way 离奇的, 奇异的; 优雅的sweep n. a broad reach or extent 一大片<a sweep of green lawn一大片绿色草坪>
parkland n. 公用土地, 公共用地
varied a. diverse, miscellaneous 各式各样的, 各种各样的
treasure house n. a place where items of great value are stored or can be found 宝库; 知识泉源(指博物馆、美术馆等)
conceivable a. 可以想到的, 可能的
artifact n. 人工制品
Elgin marbles n. 埃尔金大理石雕(大英博物馆所藏古希腊大理石雕) mummy n. 木乃伊；干尸
Magna Carta n. the charter of English political and civil liberties granted by King John in June 1215（1215年英王签署的）大宪章
Suffolk [ ] n. 萨福克(英国东部一郡)
Buckingham Palace n. 白金汉宫(英国王宫)
come to the throne = 即位
façade [ ] n. 建筑物的正面，外表
standard n. a flag, banner, or ensign 旗
sovereign [ ] n. 君主
forecourt n. a courtyard in front of a building 前院
mews n. 马车房
house vt. provide living quarters for; shelter 提供住处
Christopher Wren n. 英国建筑师(1632-1723)
complex n. 综合性建筑
wing n. 侧厅；侧楼
Italianate [ ] a. Italian in character 意大利风格的
seascape n. a view or picture of the sea 海景
seafaring n. 航海业, 海上航行
elegant a. 优雅的
clipper n. 快速帆船
turret n. 塔楼
spire n. 塔顶；尖顶
honeycomb n. 蜂房，蜂巢
Edward the Confessor n. King of the English (1042-1066) whose reign was marked by political conflict between Norman and English groups
rambling a. 不整齐的，不规则的（街道、房屋）
Gothic [` ] a. 哥特式的
immeasurably ad. 不可估量地; 巨大地
uninspired a. 缺乏创见的; 平凡的，普通的
hammer beam n. 锤柄
date vi. have origin in a particular time in the past 源自<This statue dates from 500 BC. 这座雕像可以追溯到公元前500年.>
abdication n. 退位, 让位
deposition [¸ ] n. 罢免, 废黜
Guy Fawkes n. English conspirator executed for his role in the Gunpowder Plot, an attempt to kill James I and blow up Parliament on November 5, 1605, to avenge the persecution of Roman Catholics in England
Queen’s Robing Room n. 女王着装室
House of Lords n. （英国国会的）上议院
House of Commons n. 下议院
proceeding n. 程序; pl. 事项
waxwork n. 蜡像; pl. 蜡像馆
Chamber of Horrors n. 恐怖室
hideous a. 骇人听闻的, 可怕的
draw up vt. 草拟；拟订
tower block n. (高层建筑)塔式大楼; 一排高楼大厦
whispering gallery n. [建] 回音廊
notable n. celebrity 名人；显要人物
Wellington n. 威灵顿(英国将军和政治家)
Nelson n. 纳尔逊(1758-1805英国海军上将)
unassailable [ ] a. impossible to dispute or disprove; undeniable无可争辩的; 不容置疑的
odd a. 有零头的, 多的<30-odd years 30多年> <600 odd children 600多个孩子> < 30-odd guests三十来位客人>
fortification n. fortress, defensive works 堡垒；要塞；防御工事
menagerie [ ] n. 动物园; 动物展览
infamous [ ] a. 臭名昭著的, 声名狼藉的
block n. a solid piece of a hard substance upon which persons are beheaded 断头台
crown jewels n. 王冠宝石，御宝
vault n. 地窖, 地下室;（银行的）金库，保险库<The money was kept in the bank’s vault.>
Beefeater [ ] n. 伦敦塔卫兵
raven [ ] n. a large bird having black plumage and a croaking cry 乌鸦sinister a. 不吉的；不祥的；
strut vi. 昂首阔步地走<He strutted into the room.他昂首阔步地走进屋去。

> Westminster Abbey n. 威斯敏斯特教堂(英国名人墓地)
nave n. the central part of a church 教堂中殿
breathtaking a. 惊人的；非凡的
poignant [ ] a. 深切的, 痛切的
cloister n. 回廊，走廊
effigy [ ] n. a crude figure or dummy representing a hated person or group (被憎恨或蔑视的人的)雕像; 肖像，画像
funeral n. 葬礼, 出殡
figure in = include 包括
death mask n. a cast of a person’s face taken after death 死人面部模型memorial n. 纪念碑
in earnest = with a sincere intent认真地
full-length a. 全身的
Auden n. British-born American writer and critic奥登(1907-1973英裔美国作家及评论家)
Unit 10
Section A
Text I A Cross-Cultural Context: Americans, Germans, and English
clash vi. come into conflict; be in opposition冲突；抵触<Their interests clashed with ours.他们的利益与我们的相冲突。

>
sophisticated a. 老于世故的; 富有经验的
take pride in = 以…自豪
proxemic [ ] a. 空间关系学的
ego n. 自我
at stake = at risk; in question 濒临危险, 在危急之中；成问题
refer back to = 谈及, 提到
intrude vi. come in rudely or inappropriately侵入; 闯入; 打扰<intrude upon sb.’s privacy>
jamb n. 侧柱, 旁柱
spatial a. 空间的
carriage n. 四轮马车; AE =car 客车车厢
make into = 制成, 做成; 使转变为
tenant n. 承租人, 租户, 房客
entryway n. a passage or opening by which to enter 入口
detach vt. 分开；分离
flash vi. 闪光；闪烁<His eyes flash with anger.他眼中冒出怒火。

> <Soldiers’bayonets flashed in the sunlight.士兵们的刺刀在阳光中闪闪发光。

> fishmonger [ ] n. 鱼贩, 鱼商
assign vt. allot 分配
conditioning n. Psychology条件作用, 训练
implication n. 含意
built-in a. 内在的; 固有的, 生就的
refuge n. protection from danger or hardship 保护
break in = intrude闯入; interrupt a conversation or discussion 打断；插嘴<It’s her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。

>
Section C
Text II Customs
charge n. 炸药; 冲锋
humble a. low in quality 粗陋的< a humble cottage一座简陋的小屋> cultured a. educated 有教养的
Hottentot [ ] n. (西南非洲)霍屯督族; 霍屯督人
Inca n. 印加人（古代秘鲁土著人）
enter into = 成为…的一部分<Rice has largely entered into their diet.大米已成为他们的主食之一。

>
blueprint n. 蓝图; 计划
scheme n. a systematic plan of action 计划；方案；规划
insistent a. repetitive and persistent重复的, 持续的
illumination n. 阐明, 解释
comparable a. similar or equivalent 类似的, 相当的
pride oneself on = 以…而得意<He prides himself on being a member of a good family.> <She prided herself on her ability to speak many foreign languages.> making n. 素质
loincloth n. a strip of cloth worn around the loins 缠腰布
hammock [ ] n. 吊床
pelt n. 毛皮
regularity n. 规律性
lock vt. confine by means of a lock 锁起来，拘禁<lock the criminal up in a cell 把罪犯关在囚室里>
be undesirous of a. 不想得到, 不渴望
orphan vt. 使成孤儿<The two sisters were orphaned when their parents died in
an earthquake.>
infancy n. the earliest period of childhood 婴儿期, 幼年期
devilish a. excessive; extreme异常的, 过度的, 非常的
tuna n. 金枪鱼
be caught in = 陷入(圈套)
Navaho n. 纳瓦霍人(美国最大的印第安部落)
at other times = 在其它时候, 在另外场合
stand off = stay at a distance; remain apart or aloof 与人不亲近；疏远connotation n. 含意< Hollywood holds connotations of romance and glittering success.>; 涵义, 内涵
incest n. 乱伦
unreason n. absence or lack of reason; irrationality缺乏理性, 不理智
raw a. 原始的
at bottom = basically根本上, 实际上
represent vt. describe or present in words; set forth 描述；陈述，阐明poignant a. 深切的
block n. 木块, 石块
crystallize vi. take on a definite, precise, and usually permanent form 成形
the inevitable n. 必然性
Unit 11
Section A
Text I Library
microfilm n. 缩微胶片
audio a. 音频的, 声音的
visual a. 视觉的; 直观的
databank n. 数据库, 资料库
Dewey Decimal System n. 杜威十进分类法，杜威图书分类法
Universal Decimal Classification n. 通用十进分类法
card catalog n. 卡片目录
bibliographic a. 文献的
National Union Catalog n. 国家联合图书目录
cumulative a. 累积的；渐增的
short title catalog n. 文献编号目录, 简略标题目录
holding n. pl. 所有物; 藏书
interlibrary a. 馆际的
clay tablet n. 陶片
Mesopotamia n. 美索不达米亚(亚洲西南部Tigris 和Euphrates 两河流域间的古王国, 今伊拉克所在地)
papyrus scroll n. 古本手卷
Ashurbanipal n. King of Assyria (669-626) who was a noted patron of literature and the arts 亚述巴尼拔(亚述国王（公元前669-626年）是文学和艺术的著名保护人)
Nineveh n. 尼尼微(古代亚述首都)
diggings n. materials that have been excavated发掘物; 矿区
Sumerian [ ] a. 苏美尔的
Nippur n. an ancient city of Babylonia on the Euphrates River southeast of Babylon. It was an important religious center in Sumerian times 尼普尔(位于幼发拉底河上巴比伦东南的巴比伦人的古城市，是苏美尔人时期的一个重要宗教中心)
Ptolemy n. Alexandrian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer who based his astronomy on the belief that all heavenly bodies revolve around the earth 托勒密(亚历山大天文学家，数学家和地理学家，他把他的天文学建立在所有的天体都绕地球运转这样一种信仰之上)
copyist n. 抄写员
monastery n. (男)修道院
movable type n. 活字, 铅字
advent n. the coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important 出现<the advent of the computer计算机的出现>
come into being = 形成, 产生
subscription n. 订阅；订购
dues n. 应付款; 应付费用; 会费
legislate vt. create or bring about by or as if by legislation 以立法程序创立Bodleian [ ] n. 牛津大学图书馆
conservationist n. 自然资源保护主义者
archivist [ ] n. 档案保管员
plague vt. 困扰
microfilm copying n. 缩微胶片复制
makeshift a. 权宜之计的, 权宜的
readability n. 可读性
conservation n. 保存
momentary a. lasting for only a moment 暂时的
Unit 12
Section A
Text I Pollution Scenario。