2020-2021学年长沙市雅礼实验中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案

2020-2021学年长沙市雅礼实验中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Top Four Places to Visit in and aroundBali
Ubud
Ubud is pretty away from the beaches. It is considered the cultural center of Bali, where you will discover the art and spirit ofBaliand learn about Balinese religion through paintings, dance, and other art forms. You could drink a beer while watching a local band perform, but most people come here for the cultural appreciation.
Nusa Lembongan
This tiny island off the coast of Bali is where many people miss their journey plans, but it is a must-see, It is the perfect place to stay for a couple of nights, The roads are not good, but the island itself is so beautiful and quiet.
Sanur
Sanur is an especially relaxing beach town. It's close to the airport and Kuta. It's also the starting place to explore Nusa Lembongan.
Kuta
ThebeachofKutais great for surfing. It is crowded and you won't get far without someone trying to get you to rent a surfboard or buy something. The main town is a mixture of market stands and shopping malls containing the biggest brands, from Zara to Ralph Lauren. The familiarity of the western style shops and restaurants won't give anyone too much of a culture shock.
1. Which place are you probably advised to experience Balinese culture?
A. Nusa Lembongan.
B. Sanur.
C. Ubud.
D. Kuta.
2. What is special about Kuta?
A. It is a beach town near the airport.
B. It has a convenient transportation means on it.
C. It is a shopping center and famous for surfing.
D. It is a place where you can learn Balinese history.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An official document.
B. A travel magazine.
C. A science report.
D. A history book.
B
Concrete is the world's most consumed material after water. Because it already surrounds us in the built environment, researchers have been exploring the idea of using concrete to store electricity—turning buildings into giant batteries. The idea has been gaining ground as we have come to increasingly rely on renewable energy from the wind and sun: rechargeable batteries are necessary when the breeze dies down or darkness falls.
Experimental concrete batteries have only managed to hold a small part of what a traditional battery does. But one team now reports in Buildings that it has developed a rechargeable original model that could represent a more than 900 percent increase in stored charge, compared with earlier attempts.
A live-in concrete battery might sound unlikely. Still, "you can make a battery out of a potato," notes Aimee Byrne. In a future where sustainability is key, she likes the idea of buildings that avoid waste by providing shelter and powering electronics.
Although the new design stores more than 10 times as much power as earlier attempts, it still has a long way to go: 200 square meters of it "can provide about 8 percent of the daily electricity consumption" of a typical U.S. home, Zhang says.
This is not enough to compete with today's rechargeable devices. "We're getting milliamps (毫安) out of concrete batteries—we're not getting amps (安培), "Byrne says." We're getting hours as opposed to days of charge." But she adds that" concrete batteries are completely in their childhood, compared to other battery designs." The earliest batteries were simple andbulky. Researchers experimented with new materials and designs for more than a century to develop today's small devices. Byrne suggests concrete-based energy storage could undergo a similar evolution. "The whole idea is that we're looking far into the future," she says. "We're playing the long game with it."
4. What can we learn about the concrete batteries?
A. They become increasingly renewable.
B. They are the most consumed batteries.
C. They are being developed by researchers.
D. They will replace energy from the wind and sun.
5. Why does Byrne mention a battery out of a potato?
A. To show it is easy to build concrete batteries.
B. To argue it is possible to develop concrete batteries.
C. To make her statement more interesting.
D. To call on people to protect the environment.
6. What does the underlined word "bulky" in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Heavy
B. Cheap
C. Efficient
D. Small.
7. What doesByrne think of concrete batteries?
A. They beat today's rechargeable devices.
B. They are simple and bulky.
C. They have a doubtful future.
D. They have a long way to go.
C
For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn't last long.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.
I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—self­improvement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.
I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of self­reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of self­hatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.
I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.
8. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?
A. She could change her weight at will.
B. She had different beauty standards from others.
C. She tried to love others to build her confidence.
D. She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.
9. Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”?
A. She was poorly disciplined.
B. She failed to celebrate “skinny”．
C. She was labelled as lazy for her weight.
D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
10. What caused the author to make a change?
A. Her lighter body.
B. A troublesome illness.
C. Popular beauty standards.
D. Others' critical comments.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Beauty matters.
B. Opinions vary.
C. Worth your weight.
D. Beyond your limits.
D
Ever wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.
While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.
“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words” said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from theEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.
In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.
However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.
The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it
only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children’s ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制) behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs. ”
To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the abilityto learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.
12. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?
A. To better train dogs’ ability to learn new words.
B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.
C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.
D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs’ new-word learning.
13. How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?
A. Slow to understand.
B. Quick to learn.
C. At a loss.
D. In a panic.
14. What was found about dogs’ new-word learning in the social condition?
A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.
B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.
CDogs’ new-word learning turned out to be less effective.
D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.
B. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.
C. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.
D. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.____16____By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
17.Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious.____18____Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What
could we try next time?
19. Creativity
Truecreativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new.____20____There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
21.Personal skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.____22____“Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
23. Self Expression
___24___There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
A.And we can’t forget science education.
B.Encourage kids to cook with you.
C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
E.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
F.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
G.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项In late January of 2018,Chicagoexperienced the coldest temperatures that the city has seen in decades.
A group of homeless people who lived in an area calledTentCitywere left outside directly___21___to the deadly weather. 34-year-old Candice Payne, a managing broker (经纪人) from a local company, was___22___enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.___23___, she couldn’t stop thinking about the homeless people in the area who had nowhere to go.
“It was 50℃below, and I knew I had to take___24___,” Payne toldthe New York Times.She started thinking of different___25___that could possibly work. Eventually, she___26___to see if there were any rooms available at___27___hotels that she could___28___for the night for the people___29___in the street. So without wasting
any time, Payne picked up the____30____and started calling hotels in the area.
“Finally, theAmberInnwas nice enough to____31____me to buy the rooms for the homeless,” Payne said. Without____32____, she purchased 30 rooms for the night with her credit card. She____33____reached out to people on her Instagram account asking if anyone would like to____34____with either paying for more rooms or____35____the homeless people to theInn.
She got immediate____36____that surprised her. Strangers____37____their cars and SUVs. They also____38____money, which helped Payne pay for a total of 60 rooms for five nights.
Payne’s____39____act made news across the country. However, she said, “I am an ordinary person. I____40____it with so many others’ help.”
21. A. exposed B. contributed C. used D. adjusted
22. A. old B. lucky C. proud D. strange
23. A. In short B. Therefore C. However D. For example
24. A. place B. shelter C. risks D. action
25. A. directions B. ways C. results D. areas
26. A. required B. promised C. decided D. agreed
27. A. unique B. comfortable C. local D. remote
28. A. rent B. purchase C. discover D. enter
29. A. talking B. walking C. working D. sleeping
30. A. phone B. bus C. glasses D. coat
31. A. persuade B. remind C. convince D. allow
32. A. preparation B. imagination C. hesitation D. permission
33. A. then B. still C. just D. again
34. A. pay off B. help out C. speak out D. take off
35. A. transporting B. accompanying C. devoting D. inviting
36. A. rewards B. responses C. achievements D. benefits
37. A. sold B. repaired C. searched D. volunteered
38. A. presented B. performed C. repeated D. donated
39. A. selfless B. regular C. extra D. natural
40. A. reached B. understood C. made D. impressed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Ball games are a big source of modern amusement. But they're nothing new. For instance, consider a 4,500-year-old ball___41.___(find) in a child's tomb in Egypt or 3.600-year-old rubber balls from Central America-where the competitors were asked to play the balls with their hips(臀部）.
So far, researchers___42.___(make) sure of a date of the oldest sporting balls in Europe or Asia: three balls, dug up from the tombs of horsemen in the deserts of northwesternChinaand crafted three thousand___43.___(year) ago.
＂We are quite sure they were used in some sort of bat-and-ball game."Patrick Wertmann is an expert at theUniversityofZurich___44.___analyzed the ancient sporting equipment. The balls are about three inches in diameter and filled___45.___leather hair. “And then, also,___46.___(look) at the Chinese character of "ball" itself, you'll find it quite___47.___(interest) because this character is made up of the ideograms(表意文字）of hair and leather.”
As for how this ancient ball-and-stick game___48.___（play)? “lt could be something like polo. But it could also be something like___49.___early form of golf.
Since we don't have any textural evidence and we don't have any sticks from the same period, we don't really know____50.____（exact).”
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（℃），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

A truck driver met with a cat lie on the road. He stopped his truck but picked it up, only to find it was serious wounded. With further examine, he found part of it, one ear gone. He put it in his truck and looked it carefully. To his relief, it returned back to health soon. Since then, a cat has been always following around. It will sit beside him when he drove a long way to deliver goods, that brings much pleasure on the dull way. I think that perhaps the cat is showing thank to the driver for saving its life in its own way.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled (骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.
Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. “Man, that's a big dog!” he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.
Mac’s heart jumped. He found out his can of hear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac's relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase (追赶).
Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he’d be easy caught up and the wolf’s teeth would be tearing into his flesh.
At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. E 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. F
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32.
C 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. B 37.
D 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. found
42. have made
43. years 44. that/who
45. with 46. looking
47. interesting
48. was played
49. an 50. exactly
51.(1). lie→lying
(2). but→and
(3). serious→seriously
(4). examine→examination
(5). looked后加after
(6). 去掉back
(7). a→the/this/that
(8). drove→drives
(9). that→which
(10). thank→thanks
52.略。