南昌大学C++实验报告 ch4

南昌大学实验报告课程名称：C++语言程序设计姓名：学号：班级：实验类型：□验证■综合■设计□创新实验日期：实验成绩：一、实验名称：第四章类与对象二、实验要求：1、测试在构造函数体重新定义私有数据成员会怎样影响程序2、测试例4-4,，认识构造函数，拷贝构造函数及析构函数的调用方式3、前向引用声明的测试与运用4、借鉴4-7，实现100个员工的信息录入5、实现习题4-96、实现习题4-10三、实验方法：函数模板的编写。

四、主要仪器设备及耗材：PC。

五、实验步骤：1．编写程序；2．调试程序；3．运行程序。

六、实验数据及处理结果1. 上机习题的程序代码如下:#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<cmath>#include<limits>#include"employee.h"using namespace std;class Clock{public:void SetTime(int NewH=0,int NewM=0,int NewS=0);void ShowTime();private:int Hour,Minute,Second;};void Clock::SetTime(int NewH,int NewM,int NewS){int Hour,Minute,Second;Hour=NewH;Minute=NewM;Second=NewS;}void Clock::ShowTime(){cout<<Hour<<':'<<Minute<<':'<<Second<<endl;}void ex4_1(){Clock myclock;myclock.SetTime(8,30,30);myclock.ShowTime();getchar();}class Point{public:Point(int xx=0,int yy=0){X=xx;Y=yy;}Point(Point &p);int GetX(){return X;}int GetY(){return Y;}~Point(){ cout<<"x="<<X<<"y="<<Y;cout<<" Good Bye!"<<endl;}private:int X,Y;};Point::Point(Point &p){X=p.X;Y=p.Y;cout<<"Point拷贝构造函数被调用"<<"X="<<X<<" Y="<<Y<<endl; }//类的组合class Line{public:Line(Point xp1,Point xp2);Line(Line &L);double GetLen(){return len;}~Line(){ cout<<"Good Bye!"<<endl;}private:Point p1,p2;double len;};//组合类的构造函数Line::Line(Point xp1,Point xp2):p1(xp1),p2(xp2){cout<<"Line构造函数被调用"<<endl;double x=double(p1.GetX()-p2.GetX());double y=double(p1.GetY()-p2.GetY());len=sqrt(x*x+y*y);}//组合类的拷贝构造函数Line::Line(Line &L):p1(L.p1),p2(L.p2){cout<<"Line拷贝构造函数被调用"<<endl;len=L.len;}void ex4_2(){Point myp1(4,5),myp2(1,1);cout<<"11111"<<endl;Line line(myp1,myp2);cout<<"22222"<<endl;Line line2(line);cout<<"The length of the line is :";cout<<line.GetLen()<<endl;cout<<"The length of the line2 is:";cout<<line2.GetLen()<<endl;getchar();}class Fred;class Barney{public:void method();private:Fred *x;};class Fred{public:void yabbaDabbaDo(){cout<<"OK"<<endl;};private:Barney *y;};void Barney::method(){x->yabbaDabbaDo();}void ex4_3(){ Barney B;B.method();getchar();}void ex4_4(){int n ,m=0,i=1;employee a[100];for(n=1;n<=100;n++){cout<<"请输入第";cout<<n<<"个雇员的月薪：";float pa;cin>>pa;m++;a[i].IncreaseEmpNo(m);cout<<"请输入该雇员的等级:";int increment;cin>>increment;a[i].promote(increment);a[i].SetaccumPay(pa);cout<<"编号"<<a[i].GetindividualEmpNo()<<"级别为"<<a[i].Getgrade()<<"级，本月工资"<<a[i].GetaccumPay()<<endl;i++;}}class Point1{public:Point1(int xx=0,int yy=0){X=xx;Y=yy;};Point1(Point1 &p);int GetX(){return X;}int GetY(){return Y;}private:int X,Y;};Point1::Point1(Point1 &p){X=p.X;Y=p.Y;}class Rectangle{public:Rectangle(Point1 xp1,Point1 xp2);int Area(){return area;}private:Point1 p1,p2;int area;};Rectangle::Rectangle(Point1 xp1,Point1 xp2):p1(xp1),p2(xp2){int x=int(p2.GetX()-p1.GetX());int y=int(p2.GetY()-p1.GetY());x=abs(x);y=abs(y);area=x*y;}void ex4_5(){int i,j,m,n;cout<<"请输入长方形左下角的点的横坐标：";cin>>i;cout<<endl<<"请输入长方形左下角的点的纵坐标：";cin>>j;cout<<endl<<"请输入长方形右上角的点的横坐标：";cin>>m;cout<<endl<<"请输入长方形右上角的点的纵坐标：";cin>>n;Point1 p1(i,j);Point1 p2(m,n);Rectangle R1(p1,p2);cout<<"该长方形的面积是："<<R1.Area()<<endl;getchar();getchar();getchar();getchar();getchar();}class Date{public:Date(int year=0,int month=0,int day=0){Year=year;Month=month;Day=day;}//内联函数Date(Date &d);void SetDate(int year,int month,int day);void Getdate();private:int Year,Month,Day;};Date::Date(Date &d)//拷贝构造函数{Year=d.Year;Month=d.Month;Day=d.Day;}void Date::Getdate(){cout<<Year<<'/'<<Month<<'/'<<Day<<endl;}void Date::SetDate(int year,int month,int day){Year=year;Month=month;Day=day;}class people{public:people(Date B);//构造函数~people(){};//析构函数void Increase(int step=1);//带默认形参值的成员函数void Sex(char );void ID( long);void SetDate(int i,int j,int k);int GetNo();char GetSex();void GetDate();int GetID();private:Date B1;long id;char a;int No;};people::people(Date B):B1(){No=1000;id=0;a='M';B1.SetDate(0,0,0);}//析构函数为空void people::Increase(int step){No+=step;}void people::Sex(char b){a=b;}void people::SetDate(int i,int j,int k) {B1.SetDate(i,j,k);}void people::ID( long a){id=a;}int people::GetNo(){return No;}void people::GetDate(){B1.Getdate();}char people::GetSex(){return a;}int people::GetID(){return id;}void ex4_6 (){Date birthday;people p1(birthday);p1.Increase();cout<<"请输入员工的性别,若为女，输入w,若为男，输入m：";char a=' ';int i,j,k;cin>>a;p1.Sex(a);cout<<"请输入该员工的出生日期,"<<"年：";cin>>i;cout<<"月：";cin>>j;cout<<"日：";cin>>k;p1.SetDate(i,j,k);cout<<endl<<"请输入该员工的身份证号：";long b;cin>>b;p1.ID(b);cout<<endl<<"当前员工的编号是："<<p1.GetNo()<<endl;cout<<endl<<"性别是：";if(p1.GetSex()=='w')cout<<"女";else cout<<"男"<<endl;cout<<"出生日期是：";p1.GetDate();cout<<"身份证号是："<<p1.GetID()<<endl;getchar();getchar();getchar();}void main(){int y=1;while(y==1){cout<<"共6个实验:"<<endl;cout<<"1.在成员函数里面重新定义私有数据成员"<<endl;cout<<"2.拷贝构造函数的调用方式"<<endl;cout<<"3.向前引用声明"<<endl;cout<<"4.100个员工"<<endl;cout<<"5.Rectangle 类，求面积"<<endl;cout<<"6.人员类，实现人员属性的录入和显示"<<endl;cout<<"请输入您的选择：";int choose;cin>>choose;system("cls");switch(choose){case 1: ex4_1();break;case 2: ex4_2();break;case 3: ex4_3();break;case 4: ex4_4();break;case 5: ex4_5();break;case 6: ex4_6();break;}cout<<"继续请输入1,结束请输入0"<<endl;cin>>y;system("cls");}}2. 运行结果七、上机体会或对改进教学、实验的建议这一章做实验比之前做实验熟练很多，还是需要熟练各种函数的用法，多写实验。