(英语)高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

（英语）高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
In India, one of the most significant festivals is Diwali, which falls between October and November. It's a five-day celebration that includes good food, fireworks, colored sand, and special candles and lamps.
In honor of Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare, succcss, and well-being. People welcome the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. In addition, many people treat themselves to fine jewelry, praying for good fortune. Those who cannot afford so much, seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods.
The second day of the festival is called Kali Chaudas. For some, the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand.
The third day is when the biggest celebrations occur, which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. As the sun sets, festival observers light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones.
The festival's fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. Friends and relatives visit with gifts, sweets and best wishes for the season.
And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food.
For children in India, Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts, new clothes, amazing food, and, in the past at least, a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country's favorite celebrations.（1）People celebrate the first day of Diwali mainly for______.
A.good fortune.
B.colorful lanterns
C.expensive jewelry
D.traditional designs
（2）What's the probable purpose of creating "rangoli" on the floor?
A.To design traditional patterns.
B.To produce colored powder or sand.
C.To help get rid of bad luck.
D.To produce an opportunity in business.
（3）What is a man likely to do on the last day of the festival?
A.Exchange gifts and best wishes with his loved ones.
B.Be busy decorating his home during the day.
C.Get together with his sisters and brothers.
D.Light up his home with small lamps.
（4）Which of the following may not be a reason for children's love of Diwali?
A.Having a week off.
B.Getting Christmas gifts.
C.Enjoying amazing food.
D.Setting off fireworks.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度最重要的节日之一——排灯节。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“In honor of Lakshmi，the Hindu goddess of wealth，people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare，succcss，and well-being.”印度人庆祝排灯节第一天是为了获得生活，成功，为人方面的好运。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“For some，the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand. ”在排灯节为了驱散家里和生意的霉运，印度人会在地上用彩色粉或沙子创造出rangoli形状。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“And the fi nal day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj. It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food. ”排灯节最后一天是纪念兄弟姐妹亲密纽带的日子。

可知这天男子会和自己的兄弟姐妹在一起。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“For children in India，Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts，new clothes，amazing food，and，in the past at least，a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country's favorite cele brations.”印度孩子们喜欢排灯节因为他们可以放假一周，吃美味食物，还有大量烟花，没有说收到圣诞节礼物。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Moscow city authorities have begun using comics (漫画) with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants (移民) how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is needed to "keep a positive image" of the city and could help reduce "tensions" between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual (手册).
Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus (高加索) and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital's job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work in the Russian capital illegally.
The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the "dos" and "don'ts" to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely (例行公事) stop them to check their documents.
In the manual, Russia's famous "three warriors" are meant to represent the city's law enforcement agencies (执法机关), while Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russia's language and history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscow's strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported (驱逐出境) or banned from entry.
The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian.
"We want to raise their level of law awareness," he added.
Migrant characters had initially (最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the book's authors later decided to drop this idea so as "not to offend anyone",
said Mr. Kalinin.
"The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived," Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be "difficult" to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.（1）The underlined word "antagonists" in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by "________".
A. friends
B. acquaintances
C. cooperators
D. opponents
（2）People from other countries come to Moscow "________".
A. to find well-paid jobs
B. to have a new lifestyle
C. to enjoy the fine climate
D. to experience a new culture
（3）The third paragraph is mainly about "________".
A. consequences the migrants may suffer
B. the purpose of publishing the handbook
C. the measures to attract foreign migrants
D. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales
（4）Which of the following would be the best title of the text?
A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in Russia
B. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobs
C. More and more foreign migrants to work in Moscow
D. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behave
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行
为规范。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的"They say a 100-page guide is needed to ‘keep a positive image’of the city and could help reduce "tensions" between natives and migrants."可知，他们说
需要一份100页的手册来保持城市的积极形象，并有助于缓解当地人和移民之间的紧张关
系，但批评人士指出，手册中可能把外国移民和本国人视为敌手，由此可知画线词词义为“敌手、对手”，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus (高加索) and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital's job opportunities and relatively high salaries."可知，很多移民涌入莫斯科是因为他们被莫斯科相对较高的工作机会和薪水所吸引，故选A。

（3）考查段落大意。

根据第三段中的"The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the ‘dos’ and ‘don'ts’ to migrants."可知，新的俄语手册试图向移民解释该做什么和不该做什么，由此可知本段主要是介绍出版新手册的目的，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的"Moscow city authorities have begun using comics (漫画) with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants (移民) how they should behave."可知，本文介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Space X, Eldon Musk may have a little more time on his hands, as he's leaving his position on the board of the Open Al, according to a blog post.
The departure is likely the result of Tesla's moving into the field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)，which he said in 2017 would be the “best in the world”and would even be able to “predict your destination, ”Musk will continue to “donate and advise the organization,” Open AI said in a blog post on Feb. 20, adding that “As Tesla continues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict for Eldon.
Musk and Y Combiner CEO Sam Altman co-founded the nonprofit enterprise in December2015, its mission is to develop safe artificial general intelligence and ensure those developments are made public. Open AI researchers published a paper on the site ArXiv, org, detailing the possible secure threats that come with“malicious”AI. In fact, Musk has heard the “evil AI”alarm several times, On Aug.11，2017, he warned that artificial intelligence poses a bigger threat to humanity, and he told a gathering of state governors that the government needs to regulate Al before robots start “killing people. ”
Musk's departure from the Open AI board could mean big things for Tesla. As Eton Goodbye, a financial reporter, noted on Futurism, the move “could signal that Tesla is more deeply committed to their own AI projects than we thought. ”He added, “Those who have had their ears to any rumors (谣言)that Tesla is ready to deliver vehicles capable of Level 5autonomy could take this new Open Al development as a sign that the company is inching closer to that unapproachable goal, ”No company has reached that level of autonomy, which means that a driverless ca r could navigate any road under any conditions and that all the human “driver” would need to do is to input a destination.
（1）Why does Eldon Musk leave his position?
A. To create safer AI.
B. To build powerful Internet.
C. To develop social communication.
D. To avoid a possible conflict with Tesla.
（2）What is the Eldon Musk's attitude towards the AI?
A. Ambiguous.
B. Supportive.
C. Negative.
D. Sympathetic.
（3）What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Poisonous.
B. Unpopular.
C. Advanced.
D. Traditional.
（4）What can we infer from Eton Goodbye's comments?
A. Level 5 autonomy is impossible.
B. The rumors about Tesla is meaningless.
C. He has no confidence in Open AI.
D. Level 5 autonomy could set human drivers free.【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了传奇人物埃隆·马斯克和他的公司。

(1)考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Space X, Eldon Musk may have a little more time on his hands, as he's leaving his position on the board of the Open AI, according to a blog po st.”和第二段中的“adding that “As Tesla continues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict for Eldon.”可知Eldon Musk离开他的职位是为了避免可能和Tesla产生冲突，故D。

(2)考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Musk will continue to “donate and advise the organization”可推知Eldon Musk对于AI的态度是同情，故选B。

(3)考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“In fact, Musk has heard the ‘evil AI’ alarm several times. ”可猜测出“malicious”的意思是有害的，故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“No company has reached that level of autonomy, which means that a driverless car could navigate any road under any conditions and that all the human ‘driver’ would need to do is to input a destination. 可推出“Level 5 autonomy”将会让人类司机解放，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Beginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as they adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.
If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in:
Low energy or motivation.
Trouble sleeping.
Increases/decreases in appetite.
Having difficulty with school.
Increased use of drugs or alcohol.
Lack of interest or involvement in new surroundings.
CAUSES
The distance from home—the farther you go, the worse it may be.
Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.
You have finally arrived at college after working toward it for so long.
A heavy workload.
Students who are homesick often feel they have no control over their environment.
WHAT MIGHT HELP?
Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the university to begin to get involved here.
Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a balance between work and leisure.
If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.
Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physically.
Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.
If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service.
（1）What might be a sign of feeling homesick?
A. Feeling like quarreling with someone else.
B. Becoming interested in study than ever before.
C. Finding food or fruit less attractive.
D. Participating in almost all activities in college.
（2）New college students might be homesick because .
A. they are never far away from their parents
B. they feel upset about something unexpected
C. they suddenly do not have anything to do
D. they do not like the university they are in
（3）Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?
A. Keeping their old friends left behind.
B. Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.
C. Forcing themselves to stay in their dorms on weekends.
D. Going in for sports with their friends.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。

（1）细节理解题。

由原文“Increases/decreases in appetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可
能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。

所以答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。

由原文“Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。

所以B选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。

所以答案选B。

（3）推理判断题。

由原文“Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。

由原文“Set up a balance between work and leisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。

由原文“Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。

所以答案选D。

【点评】推断题型答题技巧。

推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。

推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。

推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。

5．阅读理解
The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?
The conventional answer is no. Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.
At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge. For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.
However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans. Without that link, the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge. And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that's lost, then it can't be recovered.
All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when
we are gone. It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place.
（1）How many opinions are mentioned in Para.2?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "similar things" in Para 3 probably refer to?
A. Making lost wisdom alive again.
B. Rescuing disappearing knowledge.
C. Preserving future knowledge.
D. Gaining new knowledge.
（3）How can we make knowledge survive?
A. We know a lot about human beings.
B. We learn ways to draw conclusions.
C. We have a certain cultural continuity.
D. We protect the legacy of other humans.
（4）What's mainly talked about in the text?
A. Can human beings live on?
B. Will our knowledge survive us?
C. What will the earth be like in the future?
D. How can we protect our culture?
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？
(1)推理判断题。

根据第二段Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.可知，在第二段中提出了两种建议，故答案为B
(2)词义猜测题。

根据第三段中第二、三句For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.通过例子说明，细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。

由此推知，上句At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge.中划线部分的意思是，让失去的智慧活跃起来。

故选A。

(3)细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans.可知，我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。

故选C。

(4)主旨大意题。

根据第一段The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?可知，本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？根据句意可知答案为B
【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。

阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。

例如：举例、分类还是对比。

无论采用什么方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现说明的事物。

理清了脉络，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息点，并且和选项进行同意转换。

6．阅读理解
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behavior of politeness is by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in a traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can't even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship (公路驾车技能). Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
（1）The most suitable title for this passage would be __________.
A.Traffic Jams.
B.Good Manners.
C.Road Politeness.
D.Modern Drivers.
（2）Troubles on the road are often caused by __________.
A.traffic jams
B.the behavior of the drivers
C.the great speed of modern life
D.terrible road conditions
（3）According to the writer, a good driver should __________.
A.encourage children to cross the road whenever they want to
B.beat back when forced to face rude driving
C.be able to recognize politeness when he sees it
D.join in a traffic stream quickly however other people feel
（4）t is not always right for drivers to __________.
A.master the roadmanship
B.neglect politeness when they see it
C.give a friendly nod in answer to an act of politeness
D.encourage old ladies to cross the road whenever and wherever they want to
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了的道路行车礼仪的话题，道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕了，道路行车礼仪不仅仅是有礼貌的还是有意义的，接下来介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense. ”；以及第三段中的“However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous”可知，文章从正反两面讲述了司机在道路上行驶的时候所应该注意的礼貌问题，而且作者在最后一段介绍了一位有经验的司机对此的看法，由此判断这篇文章最合适的标题是道路礼仪。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“...but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel”；以及第二段中的“...， but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.”可知，但是在路上的举止却越来越糟糕。

每个人都知道，最善良的人在驾驶时也会变成凶猛的老虎。

即使是头脑最冷静的司机，在被迫面对粗鲁的驾驶行为时，也需要极大的耐心来放弃反击的欲望。

所以马路上的麻烦很多都是由人的行为引起的，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.“可知，现在的很多司机看起来不知道什么才是道路礼节。

所以判断出根据作者的说法，一个好的司机应该知道什么是道路礼节，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“misplaced politeness can also be dangerous”；以及“The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to．”可知，不恰当的礼貌可能是危险的，同样的道理适用于鼓励老妇人随时随地过马路。

所以司机鼓励老妇人随时随地过马路并不总是正确的。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
More and more people in America are celebrating the Indian holiday Diwali. Diwali is Hindi for "row of lights". It is the most important holiday in India.
Many people around the world are beginning to celebrate it as well. The United States is one of the places where the festival is becoming more common. Diwali celebrations can now be found at American landmarks like Disneyland in California and New York City's Times Square. They are also
held in many parks and museums.
Neeta Bhasin created the Times Square event. She said Indian immigrants have found great success in America. But, she said, many Americans still do not know much about India. So, she decided to act." I felt it's about time that we should take India to mainstream America and show India's rich culture, heritage, arts and variety to the world," she said, "and I couldn't find a better place than Times Square."
Bhasin came to the United States from India 40 years ago. She is president of ASB Communications, the marketing firm behind Diwali at Times Square. Tens of thousands of people attend the event, now in its fourth year.
In India, Diwali is a five-day harvest festival held just before the Hindu New Year. The exact dates change from year to year but Diwali is always in the fall. Celebrations include lighting oil lamps or candles called "diyas".
A Diwali celebration will light up Disney California Adventure Park in Anaheim this year. Visitors can watch performances of traditional Indian dances and take part in a Bollywood dance party. The event is part of a Festival of Holidays program at the theme park to show cultural traditions from around the world. The program takes place on November 10th through January 7th.
San Antonio, Texas, also holds a Diwali celebration. And it is one of the nation's largest celebrations, with more than 15,000 people in attendance each year. Visitors can enjoy Indian dance，food and fireworks. Organizers also plan to float hundreds of lighted candles in the San Antonio River, along the city's famous River Walk.
（1）Which is the main symbol in the Indian holiday Diwali?
A. Dances.
B. Lamps.
C. Food.
D. Clothes.
（2）Why did Neeta Bhasin set up the Times Square event?
A. To make the American culture richer.
B. To create a new business for the firm.
C. To make Indian culture better known in the US.
D. To show the achievements of Indian immigrants.
（3）What do we know about Diwali?
A. It is held in autumn in India.
B. It lasts five days in America.
C. It has been held for 40 years in America.
D. It happens from November 10th to January 7th in India.
（4）What is the main idea of the text?
A. Diwali is mainly celebrated in Disney Parks.
B. Many American cities compete to hold Diwali.
C. Indian Holiday Diwali lights up America, too.
D. Diwali has become the most important holiday in India.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，Diwali在印度语中意为"排灯节"。

它是印度最重要的节日。

越来越多的美国人庆祝印度的Diwali。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“Celebrations include lighting oil lamps or candles called ‘diyas’.”可知，the Indian holiday Diwali的主要标志是Lamps。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Neeta Bhasin created the Times Square event. She said Indian immigrants have found great success in America. But, she said, many Americans still do not know much about India.”可知，Neeta Bhasin成立了the Times Square的活动是为了让印度文化在美国更广为人知。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“In India, Diwali is a five-day harvest festival held just before the Hindu New Year. The exact dates change from year to year but Diwali is always in the fall.”可知，Diwali在印度的秋天举行。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“More and more people in America are celebrating the Indian holiday Diwali. Diwali is Hindi for ‘row of lights’. It is the most important holiday in India.”可知，Indian Holiday Diwali也照亮了美国。

它在美国越来越受欢迎。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Beneath the water in the China's Qiandao Lake lies a hidden treasure. The ancient city of Shi Cheng (also known as Lion City), located in the province of Zhejiang, has been submerged underwater for 53 years. Shi Cheng was founded about 1,300 years ago in a valley surrounded by the Five Lion Mountains. When the Chinese government decided they needed a new hydroelectric power station (水力发电站)，a dam and man-made lake were constructed and the city was left at the bottom of this new body of water. Now, it sits at depths ranging from 85 feet to about 103 feet.
Much like the Machu Picchu ruins in Peru, this underwater city remained forgotten until some renewed interests lead to its rediscovery. Qiu Feng, a local official in charge of tourism thought about utilizing Shi Cheng for entertainment on the lake and as a destination for diving clubs. On September 18, 2001, scuba divers made their first attempt underwater. "We were lucky. As soon as we dived into the lake, we found the outside wall of the town and even picked up a brick, "Qiu told Guangzhou Daily in an interview. More research was conducted, and it was discovered that the entire town was intact (1881), including wooden beams and stairs. After the initial findings, international archaeologists and a film crew then recorded the preservation of the lost ruins.
Looking at surface of the lake, dotted with over 1,000 islands, you'd never know that an entire city was below.
It's incredible to think that after all this time, the structure still remains intact and we could one day visit it. Until then, Shi Cheng will continue to remain inconspicuously submerged.
（1）Why was Shi Cheng covered by water according to the passage?
A. Because the city has a long history.。