【资格考试】2019最新整理-GMAT考试逻辑推理仿真试题训练四(2)
GMAT(VERBAL)逻辑推理模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
GMAT（VERBAL）逻辑推理模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.74 miles. The scientists’ argument depends on which of the following assumptions?A．The microorganisms brought up were of a species that is related to those previously known to science.B．No holes have been drilled into the Earth’ s surface to a distance deeper than 1.74 miles.C．The microorganisms did not come from surface soil that came into contact with the drilling equipment.D．The stratum from which the samples came has been below the surface of the Earth ever since the Earth came into existence.E．The temperature at the bottom of the holes drilled was not significantly hotter than that of the hottest spots on the Earth’s surface.正确答案：C解析：本题根据从地表以下1．74英里深的地方取得的样品中存在活着的微生物，得出了在地层深处存在活着的微生物的结论，属于典型的“B，A”模式。
要想使本题的结论成立，就必须寻找一个原因来解释或加强样品确实取自地层深处，即排除他因。
由此分析可知(C)为正确答案；(E)是较易误选的选项，从表面上看它似乎能对普遍的猜想构成反对，从而对本题的结论构成支持。
GMAT(VERBAL)语法改错模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
GMAT（VERBAL）语法改错模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.A．sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since havingB．sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having had C．has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera sinceD．has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera afterE．has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera subsequently to正确答案：C解析：根据A、B中的since短语判断A、B时态不对，同时since后跟having 动名词组这种表达不符合习惯，应用since+名词短语／从句。
C、D、E均用了现在完成时，但D、E中的现在完成时态与后面的after,subsequently to短语无法对应，而C中的完成时与since时间短语完美匹配。
知识模块：语法改错8．Even though its per capita food supply hardly increased during two decades, stringent rationing and planned distribution have allowed the People’s Republic of China to ensure nutritional levels of 2,000 calories per person per day for its population.A．Even though its per capita food supply hardly increases duringB．Even though its per capita food supply has hardly increased inC．Despite its per capital food supply hardly increasing overD．Despite there being hardly any increase in its per capita food supply duringE．Although there is hardly any increase in per capita food supply for正确答案：B解析：根据上篇所述GMAT公理，C、D的despite+名词这种复杂结构应换用although、though等引导的让步从句，而A、B、E最大的差异在于时态。
精选逻辑思维训练模拟考试题库288题(含答案)
2．瑞典人养了一条狗
3．丹麦人喝茶
4．绿房子在白房子的左边
5．绿房子主人喝咖啡
6．抽PALL MALL
答案：
27．不会太难的题目!
题目：某家纪念品店中的相机附有盒子，售价310美元。相机本身比盒子高出300美元，扣掉这个价钱剩下的就是盒子的费用。若以四张百元钞票只购买盒子的话，将找回多少钱?
题目：例:黄鸣翠柳,紫燕剪春风
根据例子,仿写对联
3个
答案：
24．移硬币
题目：在桌子上有两块硬币。如何把大硬币放在小硬币的下面，但是您不可能移动小硬币？
答案：
25．又一个猜数问题,更难更繁琐
题目：鬼谷子有两个徒弟孙膑和庞涓。一天鬼谷子出了道题目：他从2到99中选出了两个不同的整数，把积告诉孙膑，把和告诉庞涓；庞说：我虽然不能确定这两个数是什么，但是我肯定你也不知道这两个数字。孙说：我本来的确不知道，但是听你这么一说，我现在能够确定这两个数是什么了。庞说：既然你这么说，我现在也知道这两个数字是什么了。问这两个数字是什么，为什么？
问:正整数解有多少种有多少个
非负整数解又有多少个
答案：
41．1元变100元？（想象题）
题目：怎么样才能把1元变成100元
发挥下想象，呵呵
答案：
42．想跟大家探讨一个话题 很有意义的！！！！
题目：话题是：如何赚钱
不知高智商的大家有没 出呼意料的赚钱妙计
答案：
43．脑筋及转弯
题目：有一个学生上学和放学都走上坡路，请问为什么？
救火
失火了，消防队员必须及时赶到火场灭火，你能想办法使消防队员不必赶到火场就能迅速灭火吗？
智救老人
有个卖西瓜的老人在一间险房里避雨休息，一位聋哑人看见房子要塌了，就去告诉老人，可老人不懂他的手势，这位聋哑人突然想到了一个好办法，使老人跟着他跑出了险房，请你猜一猜，他用的是什么方
GMAT考试逻辑推理试题
GMAT考试逻辑推理试题练习一TEST ATime 30 minutes 20 Questions1. Mr. Janeck: I don’t believe Stevenson will win the election for governor. Few voters are willing to elect a businessman with no political experience to such a responsible public office.Ms. Siuzdak: You’re wrong. The experience of running a major corporation is a valuable preparation for the task of running a state government.M. Siuzdak’s response shows that she has interpreted Mr. Janeck’s remark to imply which of the following?(A) Mr. Janeck considers Stevenson unqualified for the office of governor.(B) No candidate without political experience has ever been elected governor of a state.(C) Mr. Janeck believes that political leadership and business leadership are closely analogous.(D) A career spent in the pursuit of profit can be an impediment to one’s ability to run a state government fairly.(E) Voters generally overestimate the value of political experience when selecting a candidate.2. Which of the following best completes the passage below?One tax-reform proposal that has gained increasing support in recent years is the flat tax, which would impose a uniform tax rate on incomes at every level. Opponents of the flat tax say that a progressive tax system, which levies a higher rate of taxes on higher-income taxpayers, is fairer, placing the greater burden on those better able to bear it. However, the present crazy quilt of tax deductions, exemptions, credits, and loopholes benefits primarily the high-income taxpayer, who is consequently able to reduce hisor her effective tax rate, often to a level below that paid by the lower-income taxpayer. Therefore, ______(A) higher-income taxpayers are likely to lend their support to the flat-tax proposal now being considered by Congress(B) a flat-tax system that allowed no deductions or exemptions would substantially increase actual government revenues(C) the lower-income taxpayer might well be penalized by the institution of a flat-tax system in this country(D) the progressive nature of our present tax system is more illusory than real(E) the flat tax would actually be fairer to the lower-income taxpayer than any progressive tax system could be3. As part of our program to halt the influx of illegal immigrants, the administration is proposing the creation of a national identity card. The card would be available only to U.S. citizens and to registered aliens, and all persons would be required to produce the card before they could be given a job. Of course, such a system holds the potential, however slight, for the abuse of civil liberties. Therefore, all personal information gathered through this system would be held strictly confidential, to be released only by authorized personnel under appropriate circumstances. Those who are in compliance with U.S. laws would have nothing to fear from the identity card system.In evaluating the above proposal, a person concerned about the misuse of confidential information would be most interested in having the author clarify the meaning of which of the following phrases?(A) “all persons” (line 5)(B) “however slight” (line 7)(C) “civil liberties” (line 8)(D) “appropriate circumstances” (line 11)(E) “U.S. laws” (line 2)4. At one time, European and Japanese companies tried to imitate their American rivals. Today, American appliance manufacturers import European scientists to lead their research staffs; American automakers design cars that mimic the styling of German, Italian, and French imports; and American electronics firms boast in their advertising of “Japanese-style” devotion to quality and reliability. In the world of high technology, America has lost the battle for international prestige.Each of the following statements, if true, would help to support the claim above EXCEPT:(A) An American camera company claims in its promotional literature to produce cameras “as fine as the best Swiss imports.”(B) An American maker of stereo components designs its products to resemble those of a popular Japanese firm.(C) An American manufacturer of video games uses a brand name chosen because it sounds like a Japanese word.(D) An American maker of televisions studies German-made televisions in order to adopt German manufacturing techniques(E) An American maker of frozen foods advertises its dinners as “Real European-style entrees prepared by fine French and Italian chefs.”5. Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinson’s poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnson’s own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinson’s often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all.Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main point?(A) Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinson’s early editors fortheir distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions.(B) Johnson’s use of the dash in his text of Dickinson’s poetry misleads readers about the poet’s intentions.(C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions.(D) Although Johnson’s attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinson’s poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness.(E) Dickinson’s editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinson’s handwritten manuscripts.6. A law requiring companies to offer employees unpaid time off to care for their children will harm the economic competitiveness of our nation’s businesses. Companies must be free to set their own employment policies without mandated parental-leave regulations.Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion of the argument above?(A) A parental-leave law will serve to strengthen the family as a social institution in this country.(B) Many businesses in this country already offer employees some form of parental leave.(C) Some of the countries with the most economically competitive businesses have strong parental-leave regulations.(D) Only companies with one hundred or more employees would be subject to the proposed parental-leave law.(E) In most polls, a majority of citizens say they favor passage of a parental-leave law.7. If A, then B.If B, then C.If C, then D.If all of the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true?(A) If D, then A.(B) If not B, then not C.(C) If not D, then not A.(D) If D, then E.(E) If not A, then not D.8. Dear Applicant:Thank you for your application. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer you a position in our local government office for the summer. As you know, funding for summer jobs is limited, and it is impossible for us to offer jobs to all those who want them. Consequently, we are forced to reject many highly qualified applicants.Which of the following can be inferred from the letter?(A) The number of applicants for summer jobs in the government office exceeded the number of summer jobs available.(B) The applicant who received the letter was considered highly qualified.(C) Very little funding was available for summer jobs in the government office.(D) The application of the person who received the letter was considered carefully before being rejected.(E) Most of those who applied for summer jobs were considered qualified for the available positions.9. Studies of fatal automobile accidents reveal that, in the majority of cases in which one occupant of an automobile is killed while another survives, it is the passenger, not the driver, who is killed. It is ironic that the innocent passenger should suffer for the driver’s carelessness, while the driver often suffers only minor injuries or none at all.Which of the following is an assumption underlying the reasoning in the passage above?(A) In most fatal automobile accidents, the driver of a car in which an occupant is killed is at fault.(B) Drivers of automobiles are rarely killed in auto accidents.(C) Most deaths in fatal automobile accidents are suffered by occupants of cars rather than by pedestrians.(D) Auto safety experts should increase their efforts to provide protection for those in the passenger seats of automobiles.(E) Automobile passengers sometimes play a contributing role in causing auto accidents.Questions 10-11 are based on the followingAs one who has always believed that truth is our nation’s surest weapon in the propaganda war against our foes, I am distressed by reports of “disinformation”campaigns by American intelligence agents in Western Europe. In a disinformation campaign, untruths are disseminated through gullible local journalists in order to damage the interests of our enemies and protect our own. Those who defend this practice say that lying is necessary to counter Soviet disinformation campaigns aimed at damaging America’s political interests. These apologists contend that one must fight fire with fire. I would point out to the apologists that the fire department finds water more effective.10. The author of the passage above bases his conclusion on which of the following?(A) A circular definition of “disinformation”(B) An example of the ineffectiveness of lying as a weapon in the propaganda war(C) An analogy between truth and water(D) An appeal to the authority of the fire department(E) An attack on the character of American intelligence agents in Western Europe11. The author’s main point is that(A) although disinformation campaigns may be effective, they are unacceptable on ethical grounds(B) America’s moral standing in the world depends on its adherence to the truth(C) the temporary political gains produced by disinformation campaigns generally give way to long-term losses(D) Soviet disinformation campaigns have done little to damage America’s standing in Europe(E) disinformation campaigns do not effectively serve the political interests of the United States12. Are you still reading the other newspaper in town? Did you know that the Daily Bugle is owned by an out-of-town business syndicate that couldn’t care less about the people of Gotham City? Read the Daily Clarion, the only real voice of the people of Gotham City!Which of the following most directly refutes the argument raised in the advertisement above?(A) Over half of the advertising revenues of the Daily Clarion come from firms whose headquarters are located outside of Gotham City.(B) The Daily Clarion usually devotes more of its pages to out-of-town news than does the Daily Bugle.(C) Nearly 40 percent of the readers of the Daily Clarion reside outside the limits of Gotham City.(D) The editor-in-chief and all the other members of the editorial staff of the Daily Bugle have lived and worked in Gotham City for ten years or more.(E) The Daily Bugle has been published in Gotham City for a longer time than has the Daily Clarion.Questions 13-14 are based on the following.The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.13. The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?(A) Per capita resource consumption in the United States is at an all-time high.(B) The United States wastes resources.(C) The United States uses more resources than any other country.(D) The United States imports most of the resources it uses.(E) Curbing U.S. resource consumption will significantly retard world resource depletion.14. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?(A) New resource deposits are constantly being discovered.(B) The United States consumes one-third of all resources used in the world.(C) Other countries need economic development more than the United States does.(D) Other countries have agreed to hold their resource consumption at present levels.(E) The United States has been conserving resources for several years.15. Alba: I don’t intend to vote for Senator Frank in the next election. She is not a strong supporter of the war against crime.Tam: But Senator Frank sponsored the latest anticrime law passed by the Senate.Alba: If Senator Frank sponsored it, it can’t be a very strong anticrime law.Which of the following identifies the most serious logical flaw in Alba’s reasoning?(A) The facts she presents do not support her conclusion that Senator Frankis soft on crime.(B) She assumes without proof that crime is the most important issue in the upcoming election.(C) She argues in a circle, using an unsupported assertion to dismiss conflicting evidence.(D) She attacks Senator Frank on personal grounds rather than on he merit as a political leader.(E) In deciding not to vote for Senator Frank, she fails to consider issues other than crime.16. Which of the following best completes the passage below?the most serious flaw in television’s coverage of election campaigns is its tendency to focus on the horse-race side of politics—that is, to concentrate on the question “Who’s winning?”at the expense of substantive coverage of the issues and the candidates’positions on them. The endless interviews with campaign managers, discussions of campaign strategies, and, especially, the obsession with opinion polls have surrounded elections with the atmosphere of a football game or a prizefight. To reform this situation, a first step might well be______(A) a shortening of the length of election campaigns to a period of six weeks(B) a stringent limit on campaign spending(C) a reduction in the television coverage of opinion polls during election campaigns(D) the publication and distribution of voter-education literature to inform the public about each candidate’s position on the major issues(E) a limit on the length and number of political advertisements broadcast on television17. With Proposition 13, if you bought your house 11 years ago for $75,000, your property tax would be approximately $914 a year (1 percent of $75,000 increased by 2 percent each year for 11 years); and if your neighbor bought an identical house next door to you for $200,000 this year, his tax would be$2,000 (1 percent of $200,000). Without Proposition 13, both you and your neighbor would pay $6,000 a year in property taxes (3 percent of$200,000).Which of the following is the conclusion for which the author most likely is arguing in the passage above?(A) Proposition 13 is unconstitutional because it imposes an unequal tax on properties of equal value.(B) If Proposition 13 is repealed, every homeowner is likely to experience a substantial increase in property taxes.(C) By preventing inflation from driving up property values, Proposition 13 has saved homeowners thousands of dollars in property taxes.(D) If Proposition 13 is not repealed, identical properties will continue to be taxed at different rates.(E) Proposition 13 has benefited some homeowners more than others.Questions 18-19 are based on the following.At an enormous research cost, a leading chemical company has developed a manufacturing process for converting wood fibers into a plastic. According to the company, this new plastic can be used for, among other things, the hulls of small sailboats. But what does the company think sailboat hulls used to be made of? Surely the mania for high technology can scarcely go further than this.18. The author’s opinion of the manufacturing process described in the passage is based primarily on the fact that(A) plastic is unlikely to be durable enough for high-quality sailboat hulls(B) the research costs of developing the process outweigh any savings possible from the use of the plastic(C) a small sailboat is not normally regarded as a high-tech product(D) hulls for small sailboats can be made from wood without converting it into plastic(E) many other spheres of human activity are in far greater need of technological research19. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the author’s conclusion?(A) The plastic produced by the process is considerably lighter, stronger, and more watertight than wood.(B) The wood used in producing the plastic is itself in increasingly short supply.(C) The cost of the manufacturing process of the plastic increases the cost of producing a sailboat hull by 10 to 15 percent.(D) Much of the cost of the research that developed the new process will be written off for tax purposes by the chemical company.(E) The development of the new plastic is expected to help make the chemical company an important supplier of boat-building materials.20. A young man eager to become a master swordsman journeyed to the home of the greatest teacher of swordsmanship in the kingdom. He asked the teacher, “How quickly can you teach me to be a master swordsman?”The old teacher replied, “It will take ten years.” Unsatisfied, the young man asked, “What if I am willing to work night and day, every day of the year?” the teacher replied, “In that case, it will take twenty years.”The teacher’s main point is that an important quality of a master swordsman is(A) humility(B) willingness to work hard(C) respect for one’s elders(D) patience(E) determination答案:1. A2. D3. D4. E5. B6. C7. C8. A9. A10. C11. E12. D13. E14. B15. C16. C17. B18. D19. A20. D练习二TEST BTime 30 minutes 20 Questions1. Below is an excerpt from a letter that was sent by the chairman of a corporation to the stockholders.A number of charges have been raised against me, some serious, some trivial. Individuals seeking to control the corporation for their own purposes have demanded my resignation. Remember that no court of law in any state has found me guilty of any criminal offense whatsoever.In the American tradition, as you know, an individual is considered innocent until proven guilty. Furthermore, as the corporation’s unbroken six-year record of growth will show, my conduct of my official duties as chairman has only helped enhance the success of the corporation, and so benefited every stockholder.Which of the following can be properly inferred from the excerpt?(A) The chairman believes that all those who have demanded his resignation are motivated by desire to control the corporation for their own purposes.(B) Any misdeeds that the chairman may have committed were motivated by his desire to enhance the success of the corporation.(C) The chairman is innocent of any criminal offense.(D) The corporation has expanded steadily over the past six years.(E) Any legal proceedings against the chairman have resulted in his acquittal.2. In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities.Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT:(A) In most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry.(B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air.(C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London.(D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable.(E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.3. Which of the following best completes the passage below?In opposing government regulation of business, conservatives often appeal to the Jeffersonian ideal of limited government, expressing the wish that governmentwould “get off the backs of the American people.” Yet, paradoxically, many of these same conservatives address questions of private morality, such as those dealing with sexual behavior, by calling for______(A) a return to the restrictive sexual morality of the Victorian era(B) a strengthening of the role of the family in setting moral norms for society(C) a limitation on the amount of sexually provocative material appearing in books, motives, and television shows(D) greater freedom for individuals to choose their own way of handling sexual issues(E) an increased governmental role in the regulation and control of private sexual behaviorQuestions 4-5 are based on the following:In an experiment, two different types of recorded music were played for neonates in adjacent nurseries in a hospital. In nursery A, classical music was played; in nursery B, rock music was played. After two weeks, it was found that the babies in nursery A cried less, suffered fewer minor ailments, and gained more weight than did the babies in nursery B.4. In evaluating the validity of the conclusion suggested by the experiment above, it would be most important to know which of the following?(A) The musical preferences of the parents of the two groups of newborns(B) Whether the newborns in both nurseries were equally healthy and happy at the start of the experiment(C) Whether loud rock music can damage the hearing of newborns(D) What the average weight of the neonates was before and after the experiment(E) Whether the music was played in the nurseries at all times or only at certain times5. Which of the following additional experimental data would support the hypothesis that classical music is beneficial to the development of newborn?(A) The neonates in a nursery where no music was played fared better than those in nursery B.(B) Nursery A contained 15 percent more premature babies than nursery B.(C) The newborns in nursery A cried less, suffered fewer minor ailments, and gained more weight than did newborns in a nursery with no music.(D) The music played in nursery A was louder than that played in nursery B.(E) The ratio of nurses to newborns in nursery B was 1 to 4; in nursery A, it was 1 to 6.6. The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author’s claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310?(A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400.(B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city.(C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa.(D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420.(E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415.7. June is taller than Kristin.Letty is taller than Maria.Maria is shorter than Nancy.Kristin and Nancy are exactly the same height.If the information above is true, which of the following must also be true?(A) Letty is taller than Nancy.(B) Letty is taller than June.(C) Kristin is shorter than Letty.(D) June is taller than Maria.(E) Kristin is shorter than Maria.8. Current farm policy is institutionalized penalization of consumers. It increases food prices for middle- and low-income families and costs the taxpayer billions of dollars a year.Which of the following statements, if true, would provide support for the author’s claims above?I. Farm subsidies amount to roughly $20 billion a year in federal payouts and $12 billion more in higher food prices.II. According to a study by the Department of Agriculture, each $1 of benefits provided to farmers for ethanol production costs consumers and taxpayers $4.III. The average full-time farmers have an average net worth of over $300,000.(A) I only(B) II only(C) III only(D) I and II only(E) I, II, and III9. Reva: Using extraneous incentives to get teenagers to change their attitude toward school and schoolwork won’t work. Take the program in West Virginia, for instance, where they tried to reduce their dropout rate by revoking the driving licenses of kids who left school. The program failed miserably.Anne: It’s true that the West Virginia program failed, but many schools have devised incentive programs that have been very successful in improving attendance and reducing discipline problems.According to Anne, the weak point in Reva’s claimis that it(A) fails to consider the possibility that the majority of potential dropouts in West Virginia do not have driving licenses(B) doesn’t provide any exact figures for the dropout rate in West Virginia before and during the program(C) ignores a substantial body of evidence showing that parents and employers have been using extrinsic incentives with positive results for years (D) assumes that a positive incentive—a prize or a reward—will be no more effective than a negative incentive, like the revoking of a driving license (E) is based on a single example, the incentive program in West Virginia, which may not be typical10. In many surveys, American consumers have expressed a willingness to spend up to 10 percent more for products that are ecologically sound. Encouraged by such surveys, Bleach-O Corporation promoted a new laundry detergent, Bleach-O Green, as safer for the environment. Bleach-O Green cost 5 percent more than typical detergents. After one year, Bleach-O Green had failed to capture a significant share of the detergent market and was withdrawn from sale.Which of the following questions is LEAST likely to be relevant in determining the reasons for the failure of Bleach-O Green?(A) How effective as a detergent was Bleach-O Green?(B) How many other detergents on the market were promoted as safe for the environment?(C) How much more did Bleach-O Green cost to manufacture than ordinary detergents?(D) To what extent did consumers accept the validity of Bleach-O Green advertised and promoted to consumers?(E) How effectively was Bleach-O Green advertised and promoted to consumers?11. The burden of maintaining the U.S. highway system falls disproportionately on the trucking industry. Trucks represent only about 10 percent of the vehicles on U.S. roads. Yet road use taxes assessed on trucks amount to almost half the taxes paid for highway upkeep and repair.Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?(A) The trucking industry has enjoyed record after-tax profits in three of the past four years.(B) Because of their weight, trucks cause over 50 percent of the damage sustained by highway surfaces each year.(C) Without an economically viable trucking industry, the cost of goods in the United States would rise significantly.(D) Road use taxes paid by trucking companies have decreased by 3 percent over the past five years.(E) Due to years of neglect, U.S. highways today are badly in need of major repairs and rebuilding.12. The upcoming presidential election in the West African republic of Ganelon is of grave concern to the U.S. State Department. Ganelon presently has strong political and military ties to the United States. However, the Socialist party is widely expected to win the election, leading to fears that Ganelon will soon break away from the pro-American bloc and adopt a nonaligned or openly anti-American stance.Which of the following is an assumption made in the passage above?(A) A Socialist party government in Ganelon is more likely to oppose the United States than is a non-Socialist party government.(B) The people of the United States recognize their nation’s interest in the political stability of West Africa.(C) A weakening of U.S. political ties with Ganelon could have serious consequences for U.S. relations with other African nations.(D) The Socialist party leaders in Ganelon believe that their nation’s。
工程硕士(GCT)逻辑分析模拟试题及答案解析(2)
工程硕士（GCT）逻辑分析模拟试题及答案解析（2）(1/50)选择题第1题有着悠久历史的肯尼亚国家自然公园以野生动物在其中自由出没而著称。
在这个公园中，已经有10多年没有出现灰狼了。
最近，公园的董事会决定引进灰狼。
董事会认为，灰狼不会对游客造成危害，因为灰狼的习性是避免与人接触的；灰狼也不会对公园中的其他野生动物造成危害，因为公园为灰狼准备了足够的家畜如山羊、兔子等作为食物。
以下各项如果为真，都能加强题干中董事会的论证，除了：A.作为灰狼食物的山羊兔子等，和野生动物一样在公园中自由出没，这增加了公园的自然气息和游客的乐趣。
B.灰狼在进入公园前将经过严格的检疫，事实证明，只有患有狂犬病的灰狼才会主动攻击人。
C.自然公园中，游客通常坐在汽车中游览，不会遭到野兽的直接攻击。
D.麇鹿是一种反应极其敏捷的野生动物。
灰狼在公园中对麋鹿可能的捕食将减少其中的不良个体，从总体上有利于麋鹿的优化繁衍。
下一题(2/50)选择题第2题西式快餐已被广大的中国消费者接受。
随着美国快餐之父艾德熊的大踏步迈进并立足中国市场，一向生意火爆的麦当劳在中国的利润在今后几年肯定会有较明显的下降。
要使上述推测成立，以下哪项是必须假设的?Ⅰ．今后几年中，中国消费者用于西式快餐的消费总额不会有大的变化。
Ⅱ．今后几年中，中国消费者用于除麦当劳、艾德熊以外的西式快餐(例如肯德基)上的消费总额不会有大的变化。
Ⅲ．今后几年中，艾德熊的经营规模要达到和麦当劳相当。
A.Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ。
B.只有Ⅰ。
C.只有Ⅱ。
D.只有Ⅰ和Ⅱ。
上一题下一题(3/50)选择题第3题近期土地价格的下跌已经使许多在房地产上大量投资的机构受到了损害。
去年，在这次价格下跌尚未开始的时候，一所地方大学为其资产增加了200亩的土地。
当然，这所大学并未购买这块土地，而是作为馈赠接受下来的。
所以价格下降并没有影响到该大学。
下面哪项如果正确，对题干的结论提出了最严重的质疑?A.去年给予这所大学的200亩土地与该所大学处于同一社区。
模拟试题：GCT逻辑模拟试题（24）
26. 明年，宏达公司计划给其每个雇员涨⼯资10%，⽽⼤发公司则计划给每个雇员涨⼯资7%。
因此，明年宏达公司的雇员平均⼯资的上涨将⼤于⼤发公司。
以下哪项如果为真，最能加强上述论证？A．宏达公司的雇员是⼤发公司的三倍。
B．宏达公司雇员的⼯资和最低⼯资都分别显著⾼于⼤发公司雇员的⼯资和最低⼯资。
C．去年宏达雇员⼯资的上涨幅度和⼤发公司基本持平。
D．⽬前宏达公司雇员的平均⼯资⾼于⼤发公司。
27. ⼈的脑细胞总数愈300亿个，参与⼈的正常智⼒活动的仅是其中的⼀⼩部分。
要有效地开发青少年的智⼒，有两个必要条件，第⼀，必须使他们勤于思考，这样才能激活更多的脑细胞；第⼆，必须使他们摄⼊⾜够的脑细胞⽣长所需要的营养素，这样才能促进脑细胞的正常分裂。
“125健脑素”具有青少年⼤脑发育所需要的各种营养素。
据在全国范围内对服⽤该营养品的约10万名青少年的调查显⽰，“125健脑素”对促进青少年的⼤脑健康发育并继⽽有利于开发他们的智⼒，具有⽆可争议的作⽤。
如果上述断定是真的，则以下有关⼀群⼩学⽣的推断中，哪项成⽴？Ⅰ张泉勤于思考并服⽤了⾜量的“125健脑素”，因此，他的智⼒⼀定得到了有效的开发。
Ⅱ李露的智⼒得到了有效的开发但未服⽤“125健脑素”，因此，他⼀定勤于思考。
Ⅲ王琼勤于思考但智⼒并未得到有效的开发，因此，他⼀定没有摄⼊⾜够的脑细胞⽣长所需要的营养素。
A.仅Ⅰ。
B.仅Ⅱ。
C.仅Ⅱ和Ⅲ。
D.Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ。
28. 为期三周的美国纺织⼯⼈的罢⼯终于以⼯⼈的妥协⽽告结束。
在罢⼯结束时劳资双⽅签订的为期⼀年的合同中，⼯⼈们并没有得到⽐三周前更多的利益。
但⼯⼈们在罢⼯中形成了在极端困难的情况下保持内部团结的能⼒，这⼀事实将在⼀年合同期满后所要进⾏的下⼀轮劳资谈判中，产⽣有利于劳⽅的实质性影响。
以下哪项是上述断定所假设的？Ⅰ在上述罢⼯中所形成的⼯⼈内部的团结⾄少能持续⼀年。
Ⅱ在下⼀轮谈判中，资⽅将会考虑在罢⼯中所显⽰的⼯⼈内部的团结。
GMAT考试逻辑推理仿真试题训练八(1)·资格考试
（D）The rate at which people in Millington had to pay mortgage interest was only 10 percent.
5. Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers' conclusion—that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive—is untenable.The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.
2.The author's method of attacking the charges of certain opponents of the new deficit-reduction law is to
（A）attack the character of the opponents rather than their claim
（B）imply an analogy between the law and some New Deal programs
GMAT逻辑思维训练题
GMAT逻辑思维训练题型1. the ice on the front windshield of the car had formed when moisture condensed during the night. the ice melted quickly after the car was warmed up the next morning BECause the defrosting vent, which blows only on the front windshield, was turned on full force.which of the following, if true, most seriously jeopardizes the validity of the explanation for the speed with which the ice melted?a) the side windows had no ice condensation on themb) even though no attempt was made to defrost the back window, the ice there melted at the same rates as did the ice on the front windshield.c) the speed at which ice on a window melts increases as the temperature of the air blown on the window increases.d) the warm air from the defrosting vent for the front windshield cools rapidly as it dissipates through out the rest of the car.e) the defrosting vent operates efficiently even when the heater, which blows warm air toward the feet or faces of the driver and passengers, is on.2. pandas are rapidly disappearing from the wild. therefore, in order to preserve the species, existing pandas should be captured and placed in zoos around the world.which of the following, if true, casts doubt on the conclusion drawn above?a) when in captivity, pandas typically produce more young than they do in their native habitatb) newborn pandas in zoos are not likely to die from infectious diseases, whereas newborn pandas in the wild are likely to die from these diseases.c) sufficient quantities of b amboo, the panda’s only food cannot be made available outside the panda’s native habitat.d) many zoos are eager to increase their stock of rare and exotic animals, but there are not enough pandas for all the zoos that want one.e) pandas in zoos have as many offspring that survive to adulthood as do pandas in the wild.3. over the past fifteen years, the largely urbanized northeastern united states has shown more and more the influence of the southwestern portion of the county. once, very few people in new york city could be found sorting cowboy boots and stetson hats, and no major radio station boasted twenty-four-hour-a-day programming of country and western music. the latest development is the rapid proliferation of restaurants serving chili, nachos, burritos, and other tex-mex dishes.the passage above makes which of the following assumptions?a) the lifestyle of people in the northeast has been enriched by the influence of the southwestern states.b) most residents of the southwestern states regularly eat at tex-mex restaurants.c) over the last fifteen years, residents of the southwestern united states have increasingly adopted lifestyles similar to those of the northeast.d) tex-mex dishes are an element of the regional cuisine of the southwestern states.e) people in the northeastern united states eat out more frequently than they did fifteen years ago.4. popular culture in the united states has become europeanized to an extent unimaginable twenty-five years ago. not many people then drank wine with meals, and no one drank important mineral water. no idea would have been more astonishing than that americans would pay to watch soccer games. such thoughts arise because of a report that the american association of state highway and transportation officials has just adopted a proposal to develop the country’s first comprehensive interstate system of routes for bicycles.which of the following inferences is best supported by the passage?a) long-distance bicycle routes are used in europe.b) drinking imported mineral water is a greater luxury than drinking imported wine.c) united states culture has benefited from exposure to foreign ideas.d) most europeans make regular use of bicycles.e) the influence of the united states on european culture has assumed unprecedented proportions in the last twenty-five years.5. “on the whole,” ms. winson remarked, “enginee ring students are lazier now than they used to be. i know because fewer and fewer of my students regularly do the work they are assigned.”the conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions?a) engineering students are working less because, in a booming market, they are spending more and more time investigating different job opportunities.b) whether or not students do the work they are assigned is a good indication of how lazy they are.c) engineering students should work harder than students in less demanding fields.d) ms. winson’s students are doing less work because ms. winson is not as effective a teacher as she once was.e) laziness is something most people do not outgrow.6. the average life expectancy for the united states population as a whole is 73.9 years, but children born in hawaii will live an average of 77 years, and those born in louisiana, 71.7 years. if a newlywed couple from louisiana were to begin their family in hawaii, therefore, their children would be expected to live longer than would be the case if the family remained in louisiana.which of the following statement, if true, would most significantly strengthen the conclusion drawn in the passage?a) as population density increases in hawaii, life expectancy figures for that state are likely to be revised downward.b) environmental factors tending to favor longevity are abundant in hawaii and less numerous in louisiana.c) twenty-five percent of all louisianaians who move to hawaii live longer than 77 years.d) over the last decade, average life expectancy has risen at a higher rate for louisianaians than for hawaiians.e) studies show that average life expectancy for hawaiians who move permanently to louisiana is roughly equal to that of hawaiians who remain in hawaii.7. a conservation group in the united states is trying to change the long-standing image of bats as frightening creatures. the group contends that bats are feared and persecuted solely because they are shy animals that are active only at night.which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the group’s contention?a) bats are steadily losing natural roosting places such as caves and hollow trees and are thus turning to more developed areas for roosting.b) bats are the chief consumers of nocturnal insects and thus can help make their hunting territory more pleasant for humans.c) bats are regarded as frightening creatures not only in the united states but also in europe, africa, and south america.d) raccoons and owls are shy and active only at night; yet they are not generally feared and persecuted.e) people know more about the behavior of other greatly feared animal species, such as lions, alligators, and snakes, than they do about the behavior of bats.8. in the aftermath of a worldwide stock-market crash, country t claimed that the severity of the stock-market crash it experienced resulted from the accelerated process of denationalization many of its industries underwent shortly before the crash.which of the following, if it could be carried out, would be most useful in an evaluation of country t’s assessment of the causes of the severity of its stock-market crash?a) calculating the average loss experienced by individual traders in country t during the crash.b) using economic theory to predict the most likely date of the next crash in country t.c) comparing the total number of shares sold during the worst days of the crash in country t to the total number of shares sold in country t just prior to the crash.d) comparing the severity of the crash in country t to the severity of the crash in countries otherwise economically similar to country t that have not experienced recent denationalization.e) comparing the long-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of country t to the immediate, more severe short-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of country t.9. increase in the level of high-density lipoprotein (hdl) in the human bloodstream lower bloodstream-cholesterol levels by increasing the body’s capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol. levels of hdl in the bloodstream of some individuals are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statement above?a) individuals who are underweight do not run any risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.b) individuals who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levelsof cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.c) exercise and weight reduction are the most effective methods of lowering bloodstream cholesterol levels in humans.d) a program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of some individuals.e) only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol level in the bloodstream of individuals of average weight.10. meteorite explosions in the earth’s atmosphere as large as the one that destroyed forests in siberia, with approximately the force of a twelve-megaton nuclear blast, occur about once a century. the response of highly automated systems controlled by complex computer programs to unexpected circumstances is unpredictable.which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn, if the statements above are true, about a highly automated nuclear-missile defense system controlled by a complex computer program?a) within a century after its construction, the system would react inappropriately and might accidentally start a nuclear war.b) the system would be destroyed if an explosion of a large meteorite occurred in the earth’s atmosphere.c) it would be impossible for the system to distinguish the explosion of a large meteorite from the explosion of a nuclear weapon.d) whether the system would respond inappropriately to the explosion of a large meteorite would depend on the location of the blast.e) it is not certain what the system’s response to the explosion of a large meteorite would be, if its designers did not plan for such a contingency.11. the cost of producing radios in the country q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in country y. even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from country q to country y than to produce radios in country y.the statement above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?a) labor costs in country q are ten percent below those in country y.b) importing radios from country q to country y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in country y.c) the tariff on a radio imported from country q to country y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in country y.d) the fee for transporting a radio from country q to country y is more than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in country q.e) it takes ten percent less time to manufacture a radio in country q than it does in country y.12. which of the following best completes the passage below?at a recent conference on environmental threats to the north sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent.what must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that_________________.a) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay.b) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage.c) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents.d) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the north sea at present.e) environmental damage already inflicted on the north sea is reversible.13. as soon as any part of a person’s conduct affects prejudicially the interests of others, society has jurisdiction over it, and the question of whether the general welfare will or will not be promoted by interfering with it becomes open to discussion. if a person’s conduct does not affect prejudicially the interests of others, it should not come under the jurisdiction of society in the first place.the author in the passage above argues thata) society is independent of the actions of individualsb) the general welfare of a society is promoted when a person’s conduct benefits others.c) conduct that does not infringe on the interests of others should not be under the jurisdiction of society.d) interference with the actions of individuals does not enhance the general welfare.e) in general, the interests of persons are mutually exclusive.14. a milepost on the towpath read “21”on the side facing the hiker as she approached it and “23” on its back. she reasoned that the next milepost forward on the path would indicate that she was halfway between one end of the path and the other. however, the milepost one mile further on read “20” facing her and “24” behind.which of the following, if true, would explain the discrepancy described above?a) the numbers on the next milepost had been reversed.b) the numbers the mileposts indicate kilometers, not miles.c) the facing numbers indicate miles to the end of the path, not miles from the beginning.d) a milepost was missing between the two the hiker encountered.e) the mileposts had originally been put in place for the use of mountain bikers, not for hikers.15. a program instituted in a particular state allows parents to prepay their children’s future college tuition at current rates. the program then pays the tuition annually for the child at any of the state’s public colleges in which the child enrolls. parents should participate in the program as a means of decreasing the cos t for their children’s college education.which of the following, if true, is the most appropriate reason for parents not to participate in the program?a) the parents are unsure about which public college in the state the child will attend.b) the amount of money accumulated by putting the prepayment funds in an interest-bearing account today will be greater than the total cost of tuition for any of the publiccolleges when the child enrolls.c) the annual cost of tuition at state’s public colleges is expected in the cost of living.d) some of the state’s public colleges are contemplating large increases in tuition next year.e) the prepayment plan would not cover the cost of board and lodging of the state’s public colleges.。
历年GMAT考试逻辑推理题参考练习
历年GMAT考试逻辑推理题参考练习历年GMAT考试逻辑推理题参考练习Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的历年GMAT考试逻辑推理题参考练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!25 Minutes 16 Questions1. The local board of education found that, because the current physics curriculum has little direct relevance to today’s world, physics classes attracted few high school students. So to attract students to physics classes, the board proposed a curriculum that emphasizes principles of physics involved in producing and analyzing visual images.Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest reason to expect that the proposed curriculum will be successful in attracting students?(A) Several of the fundamental principles of physics are involved in producing and analyzing visual images.(B) Knowledge of physics is becoming increasingly important in understanding the technology used in today’s world.(C) Equipment that a large producer of photographic equipment has donated to the high school could be used in the proposed curriculum.(D) The number of students interested in physics today is much lower than the number of students interested in physics 50 years ago.(E)(E) In today’s world the production and analysis of visual images is of major importance in communications, business, and recreation.2. Many companies now have employee assistance programsthat enable employees, free of charge, to improve their physical fitness, reduce stress, and learn ways to stop smoking. These programs increase worker productivity, reduce absenteeism, and lessen insurance costs for employee health care. Therefore, these programs benefit the company as well as the employee.Which of the following, if true, most significantly strengthens the conclusion above?(A) Physical fitness programs are often the most popular services offered to employees.(B) Studies have shown that training in stress management is not effective for many people.(C) Regular exercise reduces people’s risk of heart disease and provides them with increased energy.(D) Physical injuries sometimes result from entering a strenuous physical fitness program too quickly.(C)(E) Employee assistance programs require companies to hire people to supervise the various programs offered.3. Unlike the wholesale price of raw wool, the wholesale price of raw cotton has fallen considerably in the last year. Thus, although the retail price of cotton clothing at retail clothing stores has not yet fallen, it will inevitably fall.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?(A) The cost of processing raw cotton for cloth has increased during the last year.(B) The wholesale price of raw wool is typically higher than that of the same volume of raw cotton.(C) The operating costs of the average retail clothing store have remained constant during the last year.(D) Changes in retail prices always lag behind changes inwholesale prices.(A)(E) The cost of harvesting raw cotton has increased in the last year.4. Small-business groups are lobbying to defeat proposed federal legislation that would substantially raise the federal minimum wage. This opposition is surprising since the legislation they oppose would, for the first time, exempt all small businesses from paying any minimum wage.Which of the following, if true, would best explain the opposition of small-business groups to the proposed legislation?(A) Under the current federal minimum-wage law, most small businesses are required to pay no less than the minimum wage to their employees.(B) In order to attract workers, small companies must match the wages offered by their larger competitors, and these competitors would not be exempt under the proposed laws.(C) The exact number of companies that are currently required to pay no less than the minimum wage but that would be exempt under the proposed laws is unknown.(D) Some states have set their own minimum wages—in some cases, quite a bit above the level of the minimum wage mandated by current federal law—for certain key industries.(B)(E) Service companies make up the majority of small businesses and they generally employ more employees per dollar of revenues than do retail or manufacturing businesses.5. Reviewer: The book Art’s Decline argues that European painters today lack skills that were common among European painters of preceding centuries. In this the book must be right, since its analysis of 100 paintings, 50 old and 50 contemporary, demonstrates convincingly that none of the contemporarypaintings are executed as skillfully as the older paintings.Which of the following points to the most serious logical flaw in the reviewer’s argument?(A) The paintings chosen by the book’s author for analysis could be those that most support the book’s thesis.(B) There could be criteria other than the technical skill of the artist by which to evaluate a painting.(C) The title of the book could cause readers to accept the book’s thesis even before they read the analysis of the paintings that supports it.(D) The particular methods currently used by European painters could require less artistic skill than do methods used by painters in other parts of the world.(A)(E) A reader who was not familiar with the language of art criticism might not be convinced by the book’s analysis of the 100 paintings.6. The pharmaceutical industry argues that because new drugs will not be developed unless heavy development costs can be recouped in later sales, the current 20 years of protection provided by patents should be extended in the case of newly developed drugs. However, in other industries new-product development continues despite high development costs, a fact that indicates that the extension is unnecessary.Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the pharmaceutical indus try’s argument against the challenge made above?(A) No industries other than the pharmaceutical industry have asked for an extension of the 20-year limit on patent protection.(B) Clinical trials of new drugs, which occur after the patentis granted and before the new drug can be marketed, often now take as long as 10 years to complete.(C) There are several industries in which the ratio of research and development costs to revenues is higher than it is in the pharmaceutical industry.(D) An existing patent for a drug does not legally prevent pharmaceutical companies from bringing to market alternative drugs, provided they are sufficiently dissimilar to the patented drug.(B)(E) Much recent industrial innovation has occurred in products—for example, in the computer and electronics industries—for which patent protection is often very ineffective.Questions 7-8 are based on the following.Bank depositors in the United States are all financially protected against bank failure because the government insures all individuals’ bank deposits. An economist argues that this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is secure against failure. If depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors’ money.7. The economist’s argument makes which of the following assumptions?(A) Bank failures are caused when big borrowers default on loan repayments.(B) A significant proportion of depositors maintain accounts at several different banks.(C) The more a depositor has to deposit, the more careful he or she tends to be in selecting a bank.(D) The difference in the interest rates paid to depositors bydifferent banks is not a significant factor in bank failures.(E)(E) Potential depositors are able to determine which banks are secure against failure.8. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the economist’s argument?(A) Before the government started to insure depositors against bank failure, there was a lower rate of bank failure than there is now.(B) When the government did not insure deposits, frequent bank failures occurred as a result of depositors’ fears of losing money in bank failures.(C) Surveys show that a significant proportion of depositors are aware that their deposits are insured by the government.(D) There is an upper limit on the amount of an individual’s deposit that the government will insure, but very few indiv iduals’ deposits exceed this limit.(B)(E) The security of a bank against failure depends on the percentage of its assets that are loaned out and also on how much risk its loans involve.9. Passengers must exit airplanes swiftly after accidents, since gases released following accidents are toxic to humans and often explode soon after being released. In order to prevent passenger deaths from gas inhalation, safety officials recommend that passengers be provided with smoke hoods that prevent inhalation of the gases.Which of the following, if true, constitutes the strongest reason not to require implementation of the safety officials’ recommendation?(A) Test evacuations showed that putting on the smoke hoods added considerably to the overall time it took passengersto leave the cabin.(B) Some airlines are unwilling to buy the smoke hoods because they consider them to be prohibitively expensive.(C) Although the smoke hoods protect passengers from the toxic gases, they can do nothing to prevent the gases from igniting.(D) Some experienced flyers fail to pay attention to the safety instructions given on every commercial flight before takeoff.(A)(E) In many airplane accidents, passengers who were able to reach emergency exits were overcome by toxic gases before they could exit the airplane.10. In 1960, 10 percent of every dollar paid in automobile insurance premiums went to pay costs arising from injuries incurred in car accidents. In 1990, 50 percent of every dollar paid in automobile insurance premiums went toward such costs, despite the fact that cars were much safer in 1990 than in 1960.Which of the following, if true, best explains the discrepancy outlined above?(A) There were fewer accidents in 1990 than in 1960.(B) On average, people drove more slowly in 1990 than in 1960.(C) Cars grew increasingly more expensive to repair over the period in question.(D) The price of insurance increased more rapidly than the rate of inflation between 1960 and 1990.(E)(E) Health-care costs rose sharply between 1960 and 1990.11. Caterpillars of all species produce an identical hormone called “juvenile hormone” that maintains feeding behavior. Only when a caterpillar has grown to the right size for pupation to take place does a special enzyme halt the production ofjuvenile hormone. This enzyme can be synthesized and will, on being ingested by immature caterpillars, kill them by stopping them from feeding.Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the view that it would not be advisable to try to eradicate agricultural pests that go through a caterpillar stage by spraying croplands with the enzyme mentioned above?(A) Most species of caterpillar are subject to some natural predation.(B) Many agricultural pests do not go through a caterpillar stage.(C) Many agriculturally beneficial insects go through a caterpillar stage.(D) Since caterpillars of different species emerge at different times, several sprayings would be necessary.(C)(E) Although the enzyme has been synthesized in the laboratory, no large-scale production facilities exist as yet.12. Although aspirin has been proven to eliminate moderate fever associated with some illnesses, many doctors no longer routinely recommend its use for this purpose. A moderate fever stimulates the activity of the bo dy’s disease-fighting white blood cells and also inhibits the growth of many strains of disease-causing bacteria.If the statements above are true, which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by them?(A) Aspirin, an effective painkiller, alleviates the pain and discomfort of many illnesses.(B) Aspirin can prolong a patient’s illness by eliminating moderate fever helpful in fighting some diseases.(C) Aspirin inhibits the growth of white blood cells, which arenecessary for fighting some illnesses.(D) The more white blood cells a patient’s body produces, the less severe the patient’s illness will be.(B)(E) The focus of modern medicine is on inhibiting the growth of disease-causing bacteria within the body.13. Because postage rates are rising, Home Decorator magazine plans to maximize its profits by reducing by one half the number of issues it publishes each year. The quality of articles, the number of articles published per year, and the subscription price will not change. Market research shows that neither subscribers nor advertisers will be lost if the magazine’s plan is instituted.Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest evidence that the magazine’s profits are likely to decline if the plan is instituted?(A) With the new postage rates, a typical issue under the proposed plan would cost about one-third more to mail than a typical current issue would.(B) The majority of the magazine’s subscribers are less concerned about a possible reduction in the quantity of the magazi ne’s articles than about a possible loss of the current high quality of its articles.(C) Many of the magazine’s long-time subscribers would continue their subscriptions even if the subscription price were increased.(D) Most of the advertisers that purchase advertising space in the magazine will continue to spend the same amount on advertising per issue as they have in the past.(D)(E) Production costs for the magazine are expected to remain stable.14. A study of marital relationships in which one partner’s sleeping and waking cycles differ from those of the other partner reveals that such couples share fewer activities with each other and have more violent arguments than do couples in a relationship in which both partners follow the same sleeping and waking patterns. Thus, mismatched sleeping and waking cycles can seriously jeopardize a marriage.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?(A) Married couples in which both spouses follow the same sleeping and waking patterns also occasionally have arguments than can jeopardize the couple’s marriage.(B) The sleeping and waking cycles of individuals tend to vary from season to season.(C) The individuals who have sleeping and waking cycles that differ significantly from those of their spouses tend to argue little with colleagues at work.(D) People in unhappy marriages have been found to express hostility by adopting a different sleeping and waking cycle from that of their spouses.(D)(E) According to a recent study, most peopl e’s sleeping and waking cycles can be controlled and modified easily.Questions 15-16 are based on the following.Roland: The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.Sharon: But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed. So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.15. Sharon’s argument is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.(A)(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.16. Sharon’s argument relies on the assumption that(A) normal levels of unemployment are rarely exceeded(B) unemployment is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population(C) the number of people who each know someone who is unemployed is always higher than 90% of the population(D) Roland is not consciously distorting the statistics he presents(B)(E) knowledge that a personal acquaintance is unemployed generates more fear of losing one’s job than does knowledge of unemployment statistics。
Gmat考试逻辑试题90题(4)
Gmat考试逻辑试题90题(4)29. The price of a full-fare coach ticket from Toronto to Dallas on Breezeway Airlines is the same today as it was a year ago, if inflation is taken into account by calculating prices in constant dollars. However, today 90 percent of theToronto-to-Dallas coach tickets that Breezeway sells are discount tickets and only 10 percent are full-fare tickets, whereas a year ago half were discount tickets and half were full-fare tickets. Therefore, on average, people pay less today in constant dollars for a Breezeway Toronto-to-Dallas coach ticket than they did a year ago.Which one of the following, if assumed, would allow the conclusion above to be properly drawn?(A) A Toronto-to-Dallas full-fare coach ticket on Breezeway Airlines provides ticket-holders with a lower level of service today than such a ticket provided a year ago.(B) A Toronto-to-Dallas discount coach ticket on Breezeway Airlines costs about the same in constant dollars as they did a year ago.(C) All full-fare coach tickets on Breezeway Airlinescost the same in constant dollars as they did a year ago.(D) The average number of coach passengers per flight that Breezeway Airlines carries from Toronto to Dallas today is higher than the average number per flight a year ago.(E) The criteria that Breezeway Airlines uses for permitting passengers to buy discount coach tickets on the Toronto-to-Dallas route are different today than they were a year ago.30. Combustion of gasoline in automobile engines produces benzene, a known carcinogen. Environmentalists propose replacing gasoline with methanol, which does not produce significant quantities of benzene when burned. However, combustion of methanol produces FORMaldehyde, also a know carcinogen. Therefore the environmentalists' proposal has little merit.Which one of the following, if true, most supports the environmentalist' proposal?(A) The engines of some automobiles now on the road burn diesel fuel rather than gasoline.(B) Several large research efforts are under way to FORMulate cleaner-burning types of gasoline.(C) In some regions, the local economy is largelydependent on industries devoted to the production and distribution of automobile fuel.(D) FORMaldehyde is a less potent carcinogen than benzene.(E) Since methanol is water soluble, methanol spills are more damaging to the environment than gasoline spills.Questions 31-32Political opinion and analysis outside the mainstream rarely are found on television talk shows, and it might be thought that this state of affairs is a product of the political agenda of the television stations themselves. In fact, television stations are driven by the same economic forces as sellers of more tangible goods. Because they must attempt to capture the largest possible share of the television audience for their shows, they air only those shows that will appeal to large numbers of people. As a result, political opinions and analyses aired on television talk shows are typically bland and innocuous.31. An assumption made in the explanation offered by the author of the passage is that(A) most television viewers cannot agree on which elements of a particular opinion or analysis are mostdisturbing.(B) there are television viewers who might refuse to watch television talk shows that they knew would be controversial and disturbing.(C) each television viewer holds some opinion that is outside the political mainstream, but those opinions are not the same for everyone.(D) there are television shows on which economic forces have an even greater impact than they do on television talk shows.(E) the television talk shows of different stations resemble one another in most respects.32. The explanation offered by the author of the passage makes the assumption that(A) television station executives usually lack a political agenda of their own(B) bland and innocuous political opinions and analyses are generally in the mainstream(C) political analysts outside the mainstream are relatively indifferent to the effect their analyses have on television viewers(D) most television viewers are prepared to argueagainst allowing the expression of political opinions and analyses with which they disagree(E) the political opinions of television station executives are not often reflected in the television shows their stations produceQuestions 33-34Conservationist: The population of a certain wildflower is so small that the species is headed for extinction. However, this wildflower can cross-pollinate with a closely related domesticated daisy, producing viable seeds. Suchcross-pollination could result in a significant population of wildflower-daisy hybrids. The daisy should therefore be introduced into the wildflower's range, since although the hybrid would differ markedly from the wildflower, hybridization is the only means of preventing total loss of the wildflower in its range.33. Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the conservationist's reasoning?(A) It is better to take measures to preserve a valued type of organism, even if those measures are drastic, than to accept a less valuable substitute for the organism.(B) It is better to preserve a type of organism that is indanger of extinction, even if surviving organisms of that type are not vigorous, than to allow something more vigorous to replace it.(C) It is better to change a type of organism that would otherwise be lost, even if the changes are radical, than to lose it entirely.(D) It is better to destroy one of two competing types of organisms, even if both are irreplaceable, than to allow both of them to be lost.(E) It is better to protect an endangered type of organism, even if doing so has some negative effects on another type of organism, than to do nothing at all.34. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the conservationist's reasoning depends?(A) The wildflower currently reproduces only by FORMing seeds.(B) The domesticated daisy was bred from wild plants that once grew in the wildflower's range.(C) Increasing the population of the wildflower will also expand its range.(D) Wildflower-daisy hybrids will be able to reproduce.(E) The domesticated daisy will cross-pollinate withany daisy like plant.35. Because of increases in the price of oil and because of government policies promoting energy conservation, the use of oil to heat homes fell by 40 percent from 1970 to the present, and many homeowners switched to natural gas for heating. Because switching to natural gas involved investing in equipment, a significant switch back to oil in the near future is unlikely.The prediction that ends the passage would be most seriously called into question if it were true that in the last few years.(A) the price of natural gas to heat homes has remained constant, while the cost of equipment to heat homes with natural gas has fallen sharply.(B) the price of home heating oil has remained constant, while the cost of equipment to heat home with natural gas has risen sharply.(C) the cost of equipment to heat homes with natural gas has fallen sharply, while the price of home heating oil has fallen to 1970 levels.(D) the cost of equipment to heat homes with oil has fallen sharply, while the price of heating with oil has fallenbelow the price of heating with natural gas(E) the use of oil to heat homes has continued to decline, while the price of heating oil has fallen to 1970 levels36. Sometimes when their trainer gives the hand signal for "Do something creative together" two dolphins circle a pool in tandem and then leap through the air simultaneously. On the other occasions, the same signal elicits synchronized backward swims or tail-waving. These behaviors are not simply learned responses to a given stimulus. Rather, dolphins are capable of higher cognitive <I>function</I>s that may include the use of language and forethought.Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?(A) Mammals have some resemblance to one another with respect to bodily <I>function</I> and brain structure.(B) The dolphins often exhibit complex new responses to the hand signal.(C) the dolphins are given food incentives as part of their training.(D) Dolphins do not interact with humans the way they interact with one another.(E) Some of the behaviors mentioned are exhibited bydolphins in their natural habitat 【。
GMAT逻辑推理题型解析
GMAT逻辑推理题型解析GMAT 考试作为全球知名的商学院入学考试，其逻辑推理部分对于考生的思维能力有着较高的要求。
逻辑推理题型种类繁多，理解并掌握各类题型的特点和解题方法是取得高分的关键。
一、加强论证题加强论证题要求考生找出能够支持给定论点的选项。
这类题目通常会给出一个论点和一些相关的论据，然后让考生从选项中选择能够增强该论点的内容。
例如：有人认为经常锻炼能提高人的免疫力。
以下哪个选项最能加强这一观点？A 一项研究表明，长期坚持锻炼的人比不锻炼的人更少生病。
B 锻炼可以促进身体的血液循环，增强心肺功能。
在这个例子中，A 选项通过具体的研究结果，直接说明了锻炼的人与不锻炼的人在生病频率上的差异，有力地加强了“经常锻炼能提高人的免疫力”这一论点；B 选项虽然提到了锻炼对身体的一些好处，但并没有直接指向免疫力的提高。
解答加强论证题的关键在于理解论点的核心内容，并分析每个选项与论点之间的关联程度。
选项中能够提供新的证据、解释原因或者消除反对意见的往往是正确答案。
二、削弱论证题与加强论证题相反，削弱论证题要求考生找出能够削弱给定论点的选项。
比如：有人说吃水果可以减肥。
以下哪个选项最能削弱这一说法？A 水果中含有大量的糖分，摄入过多反而会导致体重增加。
B 只吃水果会导致营养不均衡，影响身体健康。
这里 A 选项直接指出水果中含有的糖分可能导致体重增加，对“吃水果可以减肥”的论点进行了有力的削弱；B 选项说的是吃水果导致营养不均衡影响健康，而不是针对减肥这一论点，与论点的关联度较小。
对于削弱论证题，要善于找出论点中的漏洞和不合理之处，选项中能够提供反例、指出论证缺陷或者提出其他解释的通常是正确答案。
三、假设题假设题要求考生找出使给定论证成立所必需的前提条件。
例如：某公司认为提高员工福利可以提高员工的工作效率。
以下哪个选项是上述论证所必需的假设？A 员工会因为福利的提高而感到满意，从而更愿意努力工作。
B 公司有足够的资金来提高员工福利。
GMAT考试逻辑推理仿真试题训练九(2)·资格考试
（E）In cases where Z occurs, it is usually preceded by X and Y.
13. Mr. Primm: If hospitals were private enterprises, dependent on profits for their survival, there would be no teaching hospitals, because of the intrinsically high cost of running such hospitals.Ms. Nakai: I disagree. The medical challenges provided by teaching hospitals attract the very best physicians. This, in turn, enables thosehospitals to concentrate on nonroutine cases.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen Ms. Nakai's attempt to refute Mr. Primm's claim?
（A）Of all the drivers and front-seat passengers in the survey, more than 20 percent were wearing seat belts at the time of their accidents.
（பைடு நூலகம்）Considerably more than 20 percent of drivers and front-seat passengers in Dole County always wear seat belts when traveling by car.
逻辑推理仿真题(附答案)
01粮食可以在收割前在期货市场进行交易。
如果预测谷物产量不足，谷物期货价格就会上升；如果预测谷物丰收，谷物期货价格就会下降。
今天早上，气象学家们预测从明天开始谷物产区里会有非常需要的降雨。
因为充分的潮湿对目前谷物的存活非常重要，所以今天的谷物期货价格会大幅下降。
下面哪个，如果正确，最严重地削弱了以上的观点?A.在关键的授粉阶段没有接受足够潮湿的谷物不会取得丰收。
B.本季度谷物期货价格的波动比上季度更加剧烈。
C.气象学家们预测的明天的降雨估计很可能会延伸到谷物产区以外。
D.农业专家们今天宣布，一种已经毁坏一些谷物作物的病菌在生长季节结束前会更广泛地传播。
E.许多在谷物期货市场交易的人很少实际拥有他们所交易的谷物。
02.在一次选举中，统计显示，有人投了所有候选人的赞成票。
如果统计是真实的，那么下列哪项也必定是真实的？A.对每个候选人来说，都有选民投了他的赞成票。
B.对所有候选人都投赞成票的不止一人。
C.有人没有投所有候选人的赞成票。
D.不可能所有的候选人都当眩E.所有的候选人都可以当眩03.针对某种溃疡最常用的一种疗法可在6个月内将44%的患者的溃疡完全治愈。
针对这种溃疡的一种新疗法在6个月的试验中使治疗的80%的溃疡取得了明显改善，61%的溃疡得到了痊愈。
由于该试验只治疗了那些病情比较严重的溃疡，因此这种新法显然在疗效方面比最常用的疗法更显著。
对下列哪一项的回答最能有效地对上文论述做出评价?(A)这两种疗法使用的方法有何不同?(B)这两种疗法的使用成本是否存在很大差别?(C)在6个月中以最常用疗法治疗的该种溃疡的患者中，有多大比例取得了明显康复?(D)这种溃疡如果不进行治疗的话，病情显著恶化的速度有多快?(E)在参加6个月的新疗法试验的患者中，有多大比例的人对康复的比例不满意?04.由风险资本家融资的初创公司比通过其他渠道融资的公司失败率要低。
所以，与诸如企业家个人素质、战略规划质量或公司管理结构等因素相比，融资渠道在初创公司的成功上是更为重要的原因。
gmat经典的20道逻辑题
gmat经典的20道逻辑题1. 引言逻辑是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，无论是在工作中还是在个人生活中，我们都需要运用逻辑思维来做出决策和解决问题。
GMAT考试作为国际认可的管理类研究生入学考试，逻辑部分是考生需要重点关注和准备的一部分。
本文将从GMAT经典的20道逻辑题入手，对这些题目进行深入研究和解析，以帮助考生更好地理解逻辑思维。
2. 题目一：某公司希望推出一种新产品这道题目涉及到公司推出新产品的决策问题。
在解析这道题目时，我们需要从市场需求、竞争对手、成本效益等多个方面进行综合分析，并结合现实案例来论证最佳决策。
3. 题目二：某地区相关部门计划建设一个新医院这道题目涉及到相关部门建设医院的问题。
我们可以从提高医疗服务水平、促进经济发展、改善居民就业等多个角度来探讨相关部门建设医院的必要性，并结合实际案例来支持观点。
4. 题目三：某公司计划扩大生产规模这道题目涉及到公司扩大生产规模的问题。
我们可以从市场需求、生产效率、成本控制等多个角度来分析公司扩大生产规模的利与弊，并结合相关数据和实例来支持观点。
5. 题目四：某城市计划修建一座新桥这道题目涉及到城市修建新桥的问题。
我们可以从交通状况改善、城市形象提升、经济效益等多个角度来分析修建新桥的利益，并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
6. 题目五：某学校计划增加学生人数这道题目涉及到学校增加学生人数的问题。
我们可以从教育资源分配、学校经济收入、教育质量等多个角度来分析增加学生人数的利弊，并结合相关数据和研究成果来支持观点。
7. 题目六：某公司决定裁员以降低成本这道题目涉及到公司裁员以降低成本的问题。
我们可以从企业发展战略、员工福利保障、企业形象等多个角度来分析裁员的利与弊，并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
8. 题目七：某国家计划提高税收以改善财政状况这道题目涉及到国家提高税收的问题。
我们可以从财政状况改善、公共服务提升、经济发展等多个角度来分析提高税收的利益，并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
GMAT逻辑模拟练习题答案解析新
ＧＭＡＴ逻辑模拟练习题答案解析Prep2022-Pack1-CR-056 VCR000727 HardReasoningGiven the facts the vendor has stated, what would make it less likely that the vendor could break even running a pretzel stand outside the museum? The vendor says that to break even, it would be necessary to sell more pretzels per hour outside the art museum than outside city hall. Therefore, look for an answer choice suggesting that the vendor could not sell that many pretzels outside the art museum. To strengthen the argument, the correct answer must present evidence that goes beyond what the vendor has already stated.A. A license fee outside city hall would not affect the vendor's need or ability to sell 25 pretzels an hour outside the art museum to break even.B. If vendors were making a profit before the license fee was imposed, there might be enough demand for pretzels to allow a profit even with the license feeC. Fewer pretzel stands outside the art museum would mean less competition. Therefore, it might be easier for the vendor to make a profit.D. Even if many more people buy pretzels while the museum is open than when it's closed, the vendor might still sell at least 25 pretzels an hour, on average, whether it's open or closed.E. Correct. If the vendor only sells 15 pretzels an hour outside city hall, and fewer people want pretzels outside the art museum than outside city hall, then it would be hard for the vendor to sell 25 pretzels an hour outside the art museum.The correct answer is E.Prep2022-Pack1-CR-057 VCR000738 HardReasoningWhat conclusion does the information suggest about cities in general? The information suggests that in cities, a population decline tends to reduce overall revenues that fund city services without reducing the need for two specific services: police protection and water fines. It also says that raising tax rates causes further population declines and does not raise revenues. But we are not told how overall revenues are distributed among city services, nor how the distribution might change. Even if overall funds decline, revenues for some specific city services could remain the same, while revenues for other services are severely cut.A. Correct. If police protection and water fines have not deteriorated as population has declined, then probably the funding for them has been preserved. Therefore, funding for some other services must be severely cut, since (as the argument states) making up tax revenue lost due to population decreases is not feasible.B. Although increased tax rates cause population declines, a city's population and total tax revenue may for other reasons even if tax rates are stable.C. No specific information is given about how other city services would be affected by population declines. Therefore, we have no basis on which to compare any resulting deterioration to that of police protection and water fines.D. We are told that raising tax rates in a city with declining revenues does not increase revenues, and none of the information given suggestsany exceptions to this principle.E. Reducing high tax rates to moderate levels may not attract many new residents, since other cities may have moderate tax rates as well; furthermore, those other cities may have better city services or other more attractive features.The correct answer is A.Prep2022-Pack1-CR-058 VCR000905 HardReasoningWhat must be true in order for the given premises to justify the conclusion that the broken hul did not sink the ship?The ship wrecked in a storm. If the hull was in separate pieces during the storm, the waves would have made the pieces drift apart. But the two pieces of the hull were found close together. Therefore, the argument concludes that the hull must not have been in separate pieces when the ship sank. This assumes that since the two pieces of the hull were found together, the storm waves never made them drift apart.A. This need not be true for the premises to justify the conclusion. It is perfectly compatible with the argument that large ships often sink in calm weather for example, due to factors such as icebergs or naval battles.B. Correct. The argument assumes that the pieces of the hull never drifted apart in the first place and hence that underwater currents did not move them back together again.C. If the pieces of the hull had sunk quickly, they would have had little time to drift apart. Therefore, they might have been found together even if the ship's hull had broken in the storm.D. Even if the waves had been violent enough to potentially breakup the ship, they might not actually have done so. For instance, the ship may have sunk before the waves were able to break it up.E. As in C, if the pieces of the hull had not remained on the surface for long, they would have had little time to drift apart.The correct answer is B.Prep2022-Pack1-CR-059 VCR001283 HardReasoningWhat must be true in order for the press secretary's premise to support the conclusion that the president's choice was not partisan politics? The passage discusses two opposing arguments: an attack by critics, and a rejoinder by the press secretary. The critics’ evidence that the president's choice was motivated by political bias is that 90 percent of the canceled projects were in opposition districts. To overcome this evidence, the press secretary only cites an apparently unbiased, authoritative report that indicated that all of the canceled projects were wasteful. For this response to be good, however, the press secretary must assume that it is not the case that most of the districts that the report indicated as wasteful were supportive of the president. If most were supportive, then the fact that the vast majority of canceled projects were from opposition districts would suggest a partisan motive.A. The press secretary's argument suggests that the president had no interest in punishing opposition districts. Therefore, it does not assume that the president had other ways to do so.B. Correct. If this were false, then it would make no sense for the press secretary to cite the report in denying that the president's choice wasbiased; it would in fact undermine the press secretary's rejoinder.C. Even if all the projects canceled were chosen for sound budgetary reasons, only a small proportion of all governmental highway projects may have been canceled.D. If the canceled projects in districts controlled by the president's party were more expensive, that might indicate that more money would have gone to those districts had they not been canceled, which would suggest that the motivation for canceling them probably was not partisan politics, which is the claim that the press secretary is arguing for.E. The press secretary's argument assumes that the report by the nonpartisan auditors was unbiased, not that the opposition parties must regard it as such.The correct answer is B.Prep2022-Pack1-CR-060 VCR001308 HardReasoningWhat robes do the two boldfaced statements play in the passage? The passage starts by presenting a goal and a strategy for reaching that goal. The first boldfaced statement is a rejection of that strategy. The passage then presents a premise that supports the first boldfaced statement as a conclusion. Next, the passage describes other factors that suggest an alternative strategy. Finally, the second boldfaced statement presents and recommends that alternative strategy.A. The first statement assesses not the goal, but rather a strategy for reaching the goal; the second presents not another goal, but rather another strategy for reaching the same goal.B. The first statement assesses not a goal, but rather a strategy for reaching a goal.C. Correct. The first statement presents the conclusion that one strategy is ill-conceived; the second statement presents and advocates an alternative strategy.D. The main conclusion is not that the first strategy should be rejected, but rather that the alternative strategy should be accepted.E. E The idea that the first strategy should be rejected is used to support the idea that the alternative strategy should be accepted, not vice versa.The correct answer is C.文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
【资格考试】2019最新整理-(备考辅导)GMAT逻辑讲义(2)
【资格考试】2019最新整理-(备考辅导)GMAT逻辑讲义(2)
______年______月______日
____________________部门
六。完成一段话“题型”
找答案需满足：1）在句子意思上满足原文，特别是可将最后一句话补全
2）答案必须和原文前半段描述有关系
例：第二册：P60 ⑧ P70 ④ P201 ⒁
腿，“就有support作用，你所需做的仅仅是寻找相同或不同点，而已，大家可由第
三册上P1 ② P2 ⑼ P3 ⑿ P5 ⒇ P28 ③ ⑤ P29 ⑿ ⒂ P46 ⑥ P47 ⑩⒀等题
去理解weaken，由第二册上P30 ⑾ P3项需要辨别的时候，更为有用
例：“因为这儿有个人，所以蚂蚁有两条腿。”对这一论证的支持或驳斥不应考虑为什
么人和蚂蚁有关，而只考虑在答案中说有人或说蚂蚁两条腿的情况下，找其相同或不同
就可以了，如“相邻近处没有人，蚂蚁也有两条腿”，在满足说蚂蚁有两条腿时说的是
没有人，和上边论述不一致，因此可weaken同理说“在邻近处没有人，蚂蚁也就无两条
七。“上文使用何种有疑问技术”题型（逻辑描述）
并不是让你找一个选项对上文推理进行驳斥，也不是问原文推理的缺陷，而是让你用逻
辑描述的语言来描述一下原文的推导过程。
例：第三册P4 （17）第四册P85 ⑨
八、提高（由学生自己去训练培养对weaken support等题的感觉）
1.Weaken：——求异 2.Support：——求同
所谓求同、求异就是答案和原文的一致或不一致，而不是答案中谁与谁一致或不一致，
它要求既不要考虑原文的因果之间为什么会如此，也不要考虑答案中因果之间为什么会如此，更不可考虑此答案是如何使得对原文有支持或驳斥作用的，而仅仅辨认在答案满
逻辑A4模拟试题参考答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合逻辑A4模拟试题参考答案26.C28.B题干信息第一句:至多5个孩子口袋里装有卵石(即≤5个孩子口袋里装有卵石)第二句:每个孩子或者没有卵石,或者至少有5块(即每个孩子0块∨≥5块)选项解释结果Ⅰ举反例思路,即看是否存在第一句为真且第二句为假的情况。
例如:两个孩子,第一个孩子口袋里有1块,第二个孩子口袋里不成立有24块,在这种情况下满足第一句为真,但是有一个孩子口袋里有1块,即此时第二句话为假。
Ⅱ因为假定第二句话为真,即每个孩子的口袋中,或者没有卵石或者至少有5块卵石,则此时口袋里装有卵石的孩子的数量就不可能超过5个,否则总的卵石数量就可能超过25块。
可见在这种情况下第一句话也为真。
一定成立Ⅲ因为题干中的两句话可以都是假的。
例如,假定有6个孩子,每个孩子口袋里装的卵石数量分别是1块、1块、1块、1块、1块、20块,则此种情况就可以使两句话都为假。
不成立题干信息31.A解题步骤33.C解题步骤第一步四个人说的时间点中,最大跨度为9分钟,因此正确时间与四个人中最早、最晚时间的误差为4+5或5+4,因此正确时间可能是12点54分加4分或5分,即12点58分或者12点59分。
第二步误差分别为2、3、4、5分钟,只有12点59分符合,慢5分钟,慢2分钟,快3分钟,快4分钟,分别对应12点54分、12点57分、1点零2分、1点零3分。
因此答案选C。
34.C关。
D选项不能推出,题干不涉及植物培养者的动机与目的。
淘汰E选项不能推出,题干只是列举玉米的例子,可能其他的物种也会受到南方叶菌病威胁。
淘汰36.A38.B39.C题干信息①甲、乙是高中生;②丙、丁是初中生;③戊、己、庚是小学生;④高中生都不分到三人缆车;⑤小学生都不分到单人缆车;⑥甲和丙分到同一个缆车。
解题步骤第一步整理题干信息,结合①④⑥可知,甲和丙分到同一个缆车,此缆车一定是双人缆车。
第二步38题,因为丁乘坐单人缆车,甲丙乘坐双人缆车,小学生戊、己、庚都不能乘坐单人缆车,所以剩下的乙只能乘坐一个单人缆车。
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——参考范本——
【资格考试】2019最新整理-GMAT考试逻辑推理仿真试题训练四(2)
______年______月______日
____________________部门
10.Which of the following, if true, would most greatly strengthen the argument made in the passage above?
（A） In recent decades, the economy of the Mbuti has been markedly affected by the encroachment of modern civilization.
（B） The life-style of the Mbuti is similar to that of prehistoric humans.
（C） The Mbuti have no words in their language to express the distinction between work activities and leisure activities.
（D） The workday of a European peasant in medieval times averaged between eleven and fifteen hours.
（E） The members of the Shaklik tribe in central Asia have an average workday of ten to twelve hours.
11.Gloria: Those who advocate tuition tax credits for parents whose children attend private schools maintain that people making no use of a government service should not be forced to pay for it. Yet those who choose to buy bottled water rather than drink water from the local supply are not therefore exempt from paying taxes to maintain the local water supply.
Roger: Your argument is illogical. Children are required by law to attend school. Since school attendance is a matter not of choice, but of legal requirement, it is unfair for the government to force some parents to pay for it twice.
Which of the following responses by Gloria would best refute Roger's charge that her argument is illogical?
（A） Although drinking water is not required by law, it is necessary for all people, and therefore my analogy is appropriate.
（B） Those who can afford the tuition at a high-priced private school can well bear the same tax burden as those whose children attend public schools.
（C） If tuition tax credits are granted, the tax burden on parents who choose public schools will rise to an intolerable level.
（D） The law does not say that parents must send their children to private schools, only that the children must attend some kind of school, whether public or private.
（E） Both bottled water and private schools are luxury items, and it is unfair that some citizens should be able to afford them while others cannot.
Questions 12-13 are based on the following.
Since the passage of the state's Clean Air Act ten years ago, the level of industrial pollutants in the air has fallen。