Tofle vocabulary120-P

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托福分类词汇表(共17类863个常用单词)

托福分类词汇表(共17类863个常用单词)TOEFL Vocabulary List by Category (Total 17 Categories。

863 Common Words)Category 1: Psychology1.Mental - related to the mind2.Physical - related to the body。

material。

or physics3.Spiritual - related to the soul or spirit4.Conformity - the act of following the majority5.Majority - the larger group6.Minority - the smaller group7.XXX - XXX8.Subject - the object of study in an experiment9.Psychology - the study of the mind and rXXX - XXX XXX11.Mental Process - mental activity or cognitive process12.Mental State - mental n or mood13.Mental Activity - mental n or processness - awareness or XXX15.Internal Activity - mental activity within the mind16.General Psychology - the study of basic psychological principles17.XXX - the study of XXX18.ral Science - the study of r and its effects19.Mind-Body n - the n een the mind and body20.Heredity - XXX offspring21.Activity Theory - the theory that activity is XXX-being22.Central Processor Model - a model of cognitive processing in the brain23.n Storage - the process of storing n in the brain24.Artificial Intelligence (AI) - the development of computer systems that XXX intelligenceputer Analogy - the use of computer XXXputer n - the use of computer XXXputer Model - a computer program used to XXX28.XXX Detector - a device used to detect XXX29.n Error - an error in judgment due to n of a certain e30.Method of Right and Wrong Cases - a method used to test hypotheses31.Response - XXX32.Interview Method - a method of XXX interviews33.nnaire - a set of XXX data34.Method of n - a method of studying XXX35.n Method - a method of predicting XXX experience36.n - the ability to see37.Pupil - the opening in the center of the eye38.Visible Light - the n of XXX to the human eye39.Color Matching - the process of matching colors40.Color Contrast - the difference in color een two objects41.Color Mixture - the process of mixing colors42.Additive Color Mixture - the process of creating colors by adding light43.Color Weakness - XXX colorsGeography is the study of the Earth's surface。

托福必备词汇

托福必备词汇1. IntroductionThe TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is a standardized test that assesses the English language proficiency of non-native English speakers. It is a widely recognized test used for college admissions and visa applications. One of the key components of the TOEFL is the vocabulary section, which tests the candidates’ understanding and usage of various words and phrases in English. In this document, we provide a comprehensive list of TOEFL essential vocabulary that test-takers should focus on.2. TOEFL Essential Vocabulary2.1 Nouns•Academic: pertaining to education; related to schools, colleges, and universities.•Analysis: the process of examining or studying something in detail.•Approach: a way of dealing with a situation or problem.•Argument: a statement or series of statements for or against something.•Assumption: something that is believed to be true without proof.•Authority: the power or right to give orders, make decisions, or enforce obedience.•Behavior: the way in which someone conducts oneself.•Benefit: an advantage or profit gained from something.•Challenge: a difficult task or situation that requires effort to overcome.•Choice: an act of selecting or making a decision when faced with two or more possibilities.•Communication: the imparting or exchange of information or news.•Comparison: an examination of the similarities and differences between two or more things.•Conclusion: a judgment or decision reached after consideration.2.2 Verbs•Analyze: to examine or study something in detail.•Assess: to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of something.•Contrast: to compare or show the differences between two things.•Define: to state or describe the exact meaning of something.•Demonstrate: to show or prove something by giving evidence or examples.•Determine: to decide or settle something conclusively.•Evaluate: to form an idea of the amount, number, or value of something.•Explain: to make something clear or easy to understand by describing or giving reasons for it.•Identify: to recognize, distinguish, or select something.•Illustrate: to provide examples, charts, or diagrams to make something clear or explain it.•Interpret: to explain the meaning of something.•Summarize: to give a brief statement of the main points of something.2.3 Adjectives•Accurate: correct, exact, or without any mistakes.•Cautious: careful to avoid problems or potential dangers.•Convincing: capable of causing someone to believe or accept something.•Efficient: achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.•Influential: having great influence or power over others.•Objective: not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering or representing facts.•Significant: important, meaningful, or relevant.•Substantial: of considerable importance, size, or worth.•Valid: legally or officially acceptable, or logically correct.3. ConclusionIn order to succeed in the TOEFL, it is important to have a strong grasp of English vocabulary. This document provides a comprehensive list of TOEFL essential vocabulary, categorizedinto nouns, verbs, and adjectives. By studying and practicing the words and phrases listed here, test-takers can enhance their vocabulary skills and improve their performance on the TOEFL examination. Remember to use these words in context when practicing, as understanding their meanings and usage in real-life situations is crucial. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation!。

背托福单词用什么书比较好

背托福单词用什么书比较好背托福单词好用的书《TOEFL词汇10000》书如其名，是以量取胜了，涵盖单词比较全面，包含的词汇量也大。

有些学生英语基础比较薄弱，单词量薄弱的同学建议使用;同时对于初中或者高一年级有比较富裕备考时间，担心背不全考试单词的考生也可以考虑选用。

俞敏洪老师的托福词汇红宝书是GRE词汇红宝的姊妹版，是一本很经典的书了。

它的特点是比较全面，收录了历年托福考试出现过的约4500个核心词汇，总共包括约8000词汇量。

并且提供了词根+联想的一些记忆方法，背起来不会太枯燥。

同时，对于那些不喜欢按ABCD…顺序往下背的同学，这本书还有【45天突破版】和【乱序版】可以选择。

王玉梅的《TOEFL词汇》绝对是一本口碑图书了，在考生中享有很高的评价，被称为托福“绿宝书”。

王玉梅这本也是按照ABCD的顺序排的，共分为40个list，这本书考频标注得很清楚，考生们可以有的放矢地进行复习。

这本书也是比较全面的一本书，涵盖了历年托福考试的核心词汇。

这三本图书都是比较全面的托福词汇书籍，涵盖的词汇量都比较大，比较适合时间充裕的长期备考和常规备考的同学，对于短期备考的同学来说，背下这三本书需要下一番苦功了。

张红岩《词以类记--TOEFL.ibt词汇》这本书可谓是真正的必备托福词汇书，被称为“新一代的托福红宝书”，也是市面上比较少见的分类编写的托福词汇书籍。

因为托福考试的听力和阅读段落学科分类的特点比较显著，分类记忆词汇更贴近真实考试的思维方式。

这本书精选了4000多条词汇，并收录了托福阅读必备词组和经典词汇400题作为附录，同时很贴心地对于不影响理解的偏难单词没有收录，减轻了同学们备考的负担。

李笑来《21天突破TOEFL词汇》这本书也是同学们备考托福词汇时选用的比较多的一本书，它的特点是最为适合需要短期突破托福考试的考生，这本书涵盖的核心词汇2140个，分为21个list，尽管说是21天突破，很多同学反映，其实有10天左右就可以背掉了，因此很适合短期备考的同学。

TOFEL重点词汇

1997年重点词汇1. parliamentary adj. 议会的2 .territory n. 领土, 版图, 地域3 incurably adv.治不好地, 不能矫正地4 convincing adj.令人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的5 flashed vi.闪光, 闪现, 反射, 使迅速6 pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速7 bulletin n.公告, 报告8 import n.进口货(常用复数), 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入9 sink in 被了解10 implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示11 bitterly adv.苦苦地, 悲痛的, 厉害的12 haste n.匆忙, 急忙13 turn back v.使停止往前, 往回走, 翻回到, 重新提到, 折转, 挡住14 euthanasia n.安乐死15 dominoes 多米诺16 injection n.注射, 注射剂, (毛细血管等的)充血, (人造卫星, 宇宙飞船等的)射入轨道17 diagnose v.诊断18 terminally adv.末尾, 一定时期地19 resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的20 haunting adj.常浮现于脑海中的, 不易忘怀的21 spiritual adj.精神上的22 claw n.爪, 脚爪v.抓23 consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地24 deserve vt.应受, 值得v.应受25 dull adj.感觉或理解迟钝的, 无趣的, 呆滞的, 阴暗的vt.使迟钝, 使阴暗, 缓和vi.变迟钝, 减少26 loneliness n.孤独, 寂寞27 welcome n.欢迎vt.欢迎int.欢迎adj.受欢迎的28 harsh adj.粗糙的, 荒芜的, 苛刻的, 刺耳的, 刺目的29 frontier n.国境, 边疆, 边境30 charitable adj.仁慈的, (为)慈善事业的,宽恕的31 impulse n.推动, 刺激, 冲动, 推动力vt.推动32 weary adj.疲倦的, 厌倦的, 令人厌烦的, 疲劳v.疲倦, 厌倦, 厌烦33 hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情34 casual adj.偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的35 interpret v.解释, 说明, 口译, 通译, 认为是...的意思36 superficial adj.表面的, 肤浅的, 浅薄的37 artificial adj.人造的, 假的, 非原产地的38 historically 在历史上, 从历史观点上说39 complex adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的n.联合体40 assumption n.假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态41 interrelationship 相互关系[联系, 影响], 干扰42 fail to 未能...43 draw v.拉, 曳, 牵, 画, 绘制, 拖曳vt.汲取, 领取, 提取, 引起, 吸引vi.向...移动, 挨近n.平局, 和局, 拖曳翻译部分：1.monetary adj.货币的, 金钱的2.precise adj.精确的, 准确的n.精确3.inflation n.胀大, 夸张, 通货膨胀, (物价)暴涨4.have any effect on 对…有影响5.analogy n.类似, 类推6.steering n.操纵, 掌舵, 指导7.disadvantages n.不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势8.boast n.自夸, 值得夸耀的事物v.自夸, 以有...而自豪9.average n.平均, 平均水平, 平均数, 海损adj.一般的, 通常的, 平均的vt.平均为, 均分, 使平衡, 达到平均水平vi.买进, 卖出10.digit n.阿拉伯数字, 手指或足趾, 一指宽(约四分之三英寸)11.forecasters n.预报员12.panel n.面板, 嵌板, 仪表板, 座谈小组, 全体陪审员vt.嵌镶板13.consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地14.favourable adj.赞成的, 称许的, 有利的, 顺利的n.有利15.conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的16.slack n.松弛, 静止, 淡季, 闲散, 家常裤adj.松弛的, 不流畅的, 疏忽的, 软弱的, 漏水的, 呆滞的, 懒散的adv.马虎地, 缓慢地vt.使松弛, 使缓慢, 马虎从事vi.松懈, 减弱, 松驰17.utilization n.利用18.take off v.拿掉, 取消, 脱衣, 起飞, 减弱, 离开, 岔开, 复制19.proved 被证实的20.thrilling adj.毛骨悚然的, 颤动的, 发抖的21.defective adj.有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的n.有缺陷的人, 不完全变化动词1998年重点词汇和词组1.capture n.捕获, 战利品vt.俘获, 捕获, 夺取2.imagination n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉3.at the mercy of adv. 受...支配4.fascinated vt.使着迷, 使神魂颠倒vi.入迷, 极度迷人的5.achievement n.成就, 功绩6.assert v.断言, 声称7.cement n.水泥, 接合剂vt.接合, 用水泥涂, 巩固vi.粘牢8.intended adj.有意的, 故意的, 已经订婚的n已经订婚者9.deprived adj.缺乏足够教育的；缺少食物的10.in return adv.作为报答11.reservoir n.水库, 蓄水池12.contention n.争夺, 争论, 争辩, 论点13.bidding for n.命令, 出价, 邀请14.destruction n.破坏, 毁灭15.far from adv.远离, 远非, 远远不, 完全不, 非但不16.impact n.碰撞, 冲击, 冲突, 影响, 效果vt.挤入, 撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响17.conflict n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突18.hydroelectric adj.水力电气的19.irrigation n.灌溉, 冲洗20.monster. n.怪物, 妖怪21.dealing with prep.有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致, 赞成, 关于, 就22.tales n.[律]候补陪审员召集令23.revival n.苏醒, 复兴, 复活, 再生效, 复苏24.productivity n.生产力25.revolution n.革命, 旋转26.assume vt.假定, 设想, 采取, 呈现27.presiding adj.主持会议的, 指挥的28.statistics n.统计学, 统计表29.lump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块30.on average 平均起来31.acceleration n.加速度32.due to adv.由于, 应归于33.rebound n.回弹v.回弹34.disjunction n.分离, 分裂, 折断35.anecdote n.轶事, 奇闻36.reflected adj.反射的,得自他人的37.contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿38.be intended to 为了39.profitable adj.有利可图的40.switch to v.切换到，转到, 转变成41.speculative adj.投机的42.ineptly adv.不适当地, 无能地43.chief executive 总裁44.revenue n.收入, 国家的收入, 税收45.far too many 太多的46.chop out 降低47.blunt adj. 直率的48.consultant n.顾问, 商议者, 咨询者49.schism n.(政治组织等的)分裂, 教派50.humanities 人文学科munity n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致, 共同体, (生物)群落52.attack n.进攻, 攻击, (用语言)抨击, 批评, 疾病发作, 侵袭vt.攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事)vi.攻击53.concerns vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是54.assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合55.find fault v.挑剔56.academics adj.学院的, 理论的57.objectivity n.客观性, 客观现实58.concern with v.使关心59.contradict vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触60.dispute v.争论, 辩论, 怀疑, 抗拒, 阻止, 争夺(土地,胜利等)n.争论, 辩论, 争吵61.manifesto n.宣言, 声明62.scorn n.轻蔑, 嘲笑, 被叱责的人vt.轻蔑, 不屑做63.long for v.渴望64.pretechnological 技术时代65.depletion n.损耗66.epithet n.绰号, 称号67.lump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块68.enlighten vt.启发, 启蒙, 教导, 授予...知识, 开导, <古>照耀69.emerge vi.显现, 浮现, 暴露, 形成, (由某种状态)脱出, (事实)显现出来70.census n.人口普查71.standstill n.停止, 停顿72.implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示73.enthrone vt.立...为王, 使登基, 任为主教, 崇拜vi.热心74.densely adv.浓密地, 浓厚地75.numerically 用数字, 在数字上76.depression n.沮丧, 消沉, 低气压, 低压77.migrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙vt.使移居, 使移植78.attribute to 归功于79.demographer n.人口统计学家80.apparently adv.显然地81.overcrowdedness n. 拥挤地区82.search for 搜寻83.spacious adj.广大的, 大规模的84.plagues n.瘟疫, 麻烦, 苦恼, 灾祸vt.折磨, 使苦恼, 使得灾祸85.as a result adv.结果86.considerably adv.相当地87.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散88.isolate vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使绝缘, 离析n.隔离种群89.geologist n.地质学者90.volcano n. 火山91.on the contrary adv.正相反92.interior adj.内部的, 内的n.内部estones n.里程碑, 里程标, 重要事件, 转折点94.inject into 把...注入plementary adj.补充的, 补足的96.reminder n.提醒的人, 暗示97.in detail adv.详细地98.readily adv.乐意地, 欣然, 容易地99.stationary 固定的100.anchor n.锚v.抛锚, 锚定101.confine vt.限制, 禁闭n.界限, 边界102.frame n.结构, 体格帧,画面,框架vt.构成, 设计, 制定, 使适合, 陷害vi.<英方>有成功希望n.帧,画面,框架103.geophysical adj.地球物理学的104.propel vt.推进, 驱使105.continental adj.大陆的, 大陆性的n.欧洲人106.fissure n.裂缝, 裂沟, (思想, 观点等的)分歧v.(使)裂开, (使)分裂107.initiate vt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起108.formation n.形成, 构成, 编队109.mutability n.易变性, 性情不定1.by far adv.到目前为止2.object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议vt.提出...来反对3.detect vt.察觉, 发觉, 侦查, 探测v.发现4.strip vt.剥, 剥去n.条, 带5.look into v.窥视, 浏览, 观察6.amazing adj.令人惊异的ndmark n.(航海)陆标, 地界标, 里程碑, 划时代的事8.in fact 实际上9.originate in 起源于10.put forward v.放出, 拿出, 提出, 推举出11.dominant adj.有统治权的, 占优势的, 支配的adj.[生物] 显性的12.cosmos 宇宙13.burst into v.闯入, 开出, 突然出现14.submicroscopic adj.亚微观的15.outward adj.外面的, 外表的, 公开的, 向外的, 外出的adv.向外, 在外, 表面上n.外表, 周围世界16.condensing into 冷凝为17.galaxy n.星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东西18.astrophysicist n.天体物理学家19.inflationary adj.通货膨胀的, 通货膨胀倾向的20.propel vt.推进, 驱使21.antigravity n.[物]无重量22.plausible adj.似是而非的1999年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的, 粗暴的, 粗略叙述的v.大体描述adv.粗糙地2.doormat n.(放于门前的)擦鞋垫3.fail to 未能...wsuit n.诉讼(尤指非刑事案件)pensate v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬6.liable for 负责7.misfortune n.不幸, 灾祸8.anticipate vt.预期, 期望, 过早使用, 先人一着, 占先v.预订, 预见, 可以预料9.stepladder n.活梯10.fall off v.下降, 跌落, 减少, 衰退, 离开11.appropriate adj.适当的12.interaction n.交互作用, 交感13.federal regulation 联邦政府规章14.manufacture vt.制造, 加工n.制造, 制造业, 产品15.liability n.责任, 义务, 倾向, 债务, 负债, 与assets相对16.appear to 似乎17.side with defendant 站在被告一边18.paralyze vt.使瘫痪, 使麻痹19.helmet n.头盔, 钢盔20.at the same time 同时21.recommendation n.推荐, 介绍(信), 劝告, 建议22.substantial adj.坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充实的23.tort n.[律]民事侵权行为24.bombard vt. 炮轰；轰击25.trivialities n.琐事26.for the benefit of adv.为...的利益27.legal liability 法律责任28.revolve v.(使)旋转, 考虑, 循环出现29.tap n.轻打, 活栓, 水龙头vt.轻打, 轻敲, 敲打出, 开发, 分接, 使流出, 选择, 攻螺纹于vi.轻叩, 轻拍, 轻声走n.<美>(用复数)熄灯号30.prove to be 证明为31.make sense 使…有意义32.look for 寻找33.nonetheless adv.虽然如此, 但是34.hesitate v.犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿35.reliability n.可靠性36.senior adj.年长的, 资格较老的, 地位较高的, 高级的37.transaction n.办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务, 处理事务38.access to 有权使用39.intranet 企业内部互联网merce n.商业41.available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的42.focus on 集中43.target n.目标, 对象, 靶子44.update v.使现代化, 修正, 校正, 更新n.现代化, 更新45.subscriber n.订户, 签署者, 捐献者46.customize v.[计] 定制, 用户化47.similar adj.相似的, 类似的48.special n.特派员, 专车, 专刊adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的, 专用的49.contempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬, [律]藐视法庭(或国会)50.thinks highly of 尊重51.distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫52.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探53.horrify v.使恐怖, 使极度厌恶, 惊骇54.inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的55.resort to 求助于56.strategies n.策略, 军略57.interactivity 交互性58.hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情59.security n.安全60.set up v.设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录), 提出, 开业61.silicon n.[化]硅, 硅元素62.plunge n.跳进, 投入vi.投入, 跳进, 陷入vt.使投入, 使插入, 使陷入63.invisible adj.看不见的, 无形的64.on the behalf of 代表65.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探66.radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的n.激进分子67.explore v.探险, 探测, 探究68.contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾69.aim at v.瞄准, 针对70.justify v.证明...是正当的71.conception n.观念, 概念72.assess vt.估定, 评定73.optimism n.乐观, 乐观主义74.forsake vt.放弃, 抛弃75.pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义76.betray vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象77.vocational adj.职业的78.emphasize vt.强调, 着重v.强调79.make sure v.确定，确信,证实80.presumptuous adj.专横的81.pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速82.entirely adv.完全地, 全然地, 一概地83.in any case adv.无论如何plementary adj.补充的, 补足的85.vocational adj.职业的86.confusion n.混乱, 混淆87.startle v.震惊88.be opposite to 在...对面与...相反89.husbandry n.管理90.independent n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的91.recommendation n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的92.feverishly adv.兴奋地93.legislation n.立法, 法律的制定(或通过)94.be used for 用来做...95.consensus n.一致同意, 多数人的意见, 舆论96.unacceptable adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的97.attempt to 试图，企图98.general n.普通, 将军, 概要adj.一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的n.常规99.call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫100.n ucleus n.核子101.i n the air adv.在空中, 悬而未决, 在流传中, 不设防102.d epend on v.依靠, 依赖103.s upposedly adv.想像上, 按照推测104.g ravity n.地心引力, 重力105.b e curious about 对…好奇106.o rbital adj.轨道的, 眼窝的107.c onsider vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为108.p ossibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物109.b e ready for 做好了充分的准备110.i mpression n.印象, 感想, 盖印, 压痕111.s ubstitute for 代替... 替换..., 取代..112.c onference n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会113.a dvisability n.明智114.f rown vi.皱眉, 蹙额, 不赞成, 反对v.皱眉115.b e shocked at 对…感到震惊116.s peculate vi.推测, 思索, 做投机买卖117.a mount to 总计，等于118.v ictim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品119.c onsistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地120.c onvince vt.使确信, 使信服121.c arry out n.进位, 射程, 运载vt.携带, 运送, 支持, 支撑, 传送, 意味vi.被携带, 能达到122.a ccording to 依照，按照123.i ndicate vt.指出, 显示, 象征, 预示, 需要, 简要地说明124.m easurable adj.可测量的125.r easonable adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的126.d istract v.转移127.r egister n.记录, 登记簿, 登记, 注册, 寄存器vt.记录, 登记, 注册, 提示, 把...挂号vi.登记, 注册, 挂号128.r egularity n.规律性, 规则性, 整齐, 匀称129.c onformity n.一致, 符合130.d esirable adj.值得要的, 合意的, 令人想要的, 悦人心意的131.b e blamed for 被责备132.i n favor of 赞成133.c onventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的翻译部分1.definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度2.conform to v.符合, 遵照3.attempt to 试图，企图4.significant adj.有意义的, 重大的, 重要的5.anew adv.重新, 再6.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散7.partial adj.部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的n.泛音8.partisan n.游击队9.rever v. 崇尚10.affinity n.密切关系, 吸引力, 姻亲关系, 亲合力11.methodology n.方法学, 方法论12.refer to 参考，参照13.peculiar adj.奇特的, 罕见的, 特殊的n.特有财产, 特权14.appropriate adj.适当的15.accuse of 因某事控告某人16.method n.方法17.victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品18.fallacy n.谬误, 谬论19.implementation n.执行20.equate vt.使相等, [数]视为平等vi.等同2000年重点词组与词汇1. effortless adj.容易的, 不费力气的2. handicap n.障碍, 阻碍, 障碍赛跑v.妨碍, 使不利, 阻碍3. a driving force 动力4. a glowing period 增长时期，发展时期5. unparalleled adj.无比的, 无双的, 空前的6. scale n.刻度,衡量,比例,数值范围,比例尺,天平,等级vt.依比例决定,攀登,测量7. inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的8. predominance n.优势9. at a loss 困惑10. fading n.褪色,枯萎,衰退11. textile n.纺织品adj.纺织的12. sweep into 涌入13. on the rope (爬山者)用绳相互系在一起14. semiconductor n.[物] 半导体15. at the heart of 关键16. casualty n.伤亡17. prosperity n.繁荣18. sensational adj.使人感动的, 非常好的19. look back on 回忆20. struggling adj.奋斗的, 努力的, 苦斗的21. devalued 减值的, 贬值的22. yield to 屈服, 让步23. on a diet 吃规定的饮食24. quick-witted 机智25. executive adj.实行的, 执行的, 行政的n.执行者, 经理主管人员26. think tank n.智囊团27. drop to 下降到，跌到28. maturity n.成热, 完备, (票据)到期, 成熟29. universal adj.普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的30. mortality n.死亡率31. excess n.过度, 剩于, 无节制, 超过, 超额adj.过度的, 额外的32. crucial adj.至关紧要的33. depend on 依赖，依靠34. kilogram n.[物]千克, 公斤35. variation n.变更, 变化, 变异, 变种, [音]变奏, 变调36. due to adv.由于, 应归于37. suicide n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为38 . fertile adj.肥沃的, 富饶的, 能繁殖的39. religious adj.信奉宗教的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的，严格的n.僧侣, 尼姑, 修道士40. offspring n.(单复数同形)儿女, 子孙, 后代, 产物41. take advantage of 利用42. diminish v.(使)减少, (使)变小43. tribal adj.部落的, 种族的44. mediocrity n.平常, 平庸之才45. biological adj.生物学的46. utopia n.乌托邦, 理想的完美境界, 空想的社会改良计划47. physical adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的n.体格检查48. transform vt.转换, 改变, 改造, 使...变形vi.改变, 转化, 变换n.[数]变换(式), [语]转换49 . ignorant of 不懂, 不知道50. organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的, 建制的51. beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边adv.在远处n.远处52. comprehension n.理解, 包含53. descendant n.子孙, 后裔, 后代54. find out v.找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发55. advocate n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹56. aim at v.瞄准, 针对57. farfetched adj.牵强的58. be regarded as 视为59. with regard to adv.关于60. case n.事, 病例, 案例, 情形, 场合, 讼案, 容器, (语法)格61. literature n.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献62. in brief 简单扼要地63. consequently adv.从而, 因此64. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受65. require vt.需要, 要求, 命令66. pour out v.诉说, 倾吐67. unhampered adj.无妨碍的，无阻碍的68. make up v.弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆，补足,拼凑69. imitate vt.模仿, 仿效, 仿制, 仿造v.模仿70. at will adv.随意, 任意71. confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的72. upsetting adj.令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的73. proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题74. call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫75. essentially adv.本质上, 本来76. aimlessness adj.无目的的, 没有目标的77. envy n.vt.羡慕, 嫉妒78. male-dominated 男性主宰的79. questioning 质问80. sacrifice n.牺牲, 献身, 祭品, 供奉v.牺牲, 献出, 献祭, 供奉81. rigid adj.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的82. in addition n.加, 加起来, 增加物, 增加, 加法83. emphasis on 强调84. mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的, 机械似的, 呆板的85. show up v.揭露, 露出, 露面86. test n.测试, 试验, 检验v.测试, 试验, 检验87. committee n.委员会88. frustration n.挫败, 挫折, 受挫89. drop out v.不参与, 离去, 放弃90. incident n.事件, 事变adj.附带的, 易于发生的91. violence n.猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴92. assault n.攻击, 袭击v.袭击93. outcry n.大声疾呼94. conservative adj.保守的, 守旧的n.保守派95. emphasis n.强调, 重点96. minister n.部长, 大臣97. raise eyebrow 质疑地98. have more to do with 与…有关99. centralization n.集中, 中央集权化100. isolated adj.隔离的,孤立的, 单独101. commute v.交换, 抵偿, 减刑, <电工>整流102. crowded adj.拥挤的, 塞满的103. distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫104. destiny n.命运, 定数105. vitality n.活力, 生命力, 生动性107. in an odd way 奇怪的是108. hypocrisy n.伪善109. barn n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房110. in demand 需求111. decade n.十年, 十112. confess v.承认, 坦白, 忏悔113. pushing adj.有进取心的, 有冲劲的, 急切的114. acquisitive adj.想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的115. vulgar adj.粗俗的, 庸俗的, 普通的, 通俗的, 本土的n.<古>平民, 百姓116. materialism n.唯物主义117. radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的n.激进分子118. journalist n.新闻记者, 从事新闻杂志业的人119. advocating n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹120. participatory adj.供人分享的121. exceptional adj.例外的, 异常的122. formulation n.用公式表示, 明确地表达, 作简洁陈述123. at all costs adv.( =at any cost)不惜任何代价, 无论如何124. public n.公众, (特定的)人群, 公共场所adj.公众的, 公共的, 公立的, 公用的125. unimpressive adj.不令人信服的, 无印象的, 印象淡薄的126. as a result adv.结果128. fixed adj.固定的, 确定的, 准备好的, 固执的, 不易发挥的,<美口>(在经济上)处境...的129. stirring adj.激动人心的, 活跃的, 忙碌的130. prompting n.促进, 激励, 提示131. profess v.表示132. get on v.生活, 融洽相处, 进展, (使)前进, <口> 赶快, 发迹, 进展翻译部分1. act on v.对...起作用, 按...行动, 作用于2. welfare n.福利, 安宁, 幸福, 福利事业, 社会安全adj.福利的3. be bound up with 密切相关4. rest upon 依赖于5. secor 距离连续校正6. step up v.走近, 逐步增加, 提升, 提高7. utilize vt.利用8. the best advantage 最大利益9. interfere vi.干涉, 干预, 妨碍, 打扰10. in any case adv.无论如何11. manpower n.人力12. remarkable adj.不平常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的, 显著的13. be exposed to 遭受, 暴露于...14. innovation n.改革, 创新15. industrialized adj.工业化的16. pattern n.模范, 式样, 模式, 样品, 格调, 图案vt.模仿, 仿造, 以图案装饰vi.形成图案17. spread n.伸展, 展开, 传播, 蔓延, 酒席, 宴会, 桌布v.伸展, 展开, 铺, 涂, 敷, 摆, 传播, 散布18. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受19. concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是20. appropriate adj.适当的21. put them into effect 付诸实施2001年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分1. specialization n.特殊化, 专门化, 特化作用2. response to 回答，反应，响应3. accumulation n.积聚, 堆积物4. split up 分裂5. no clear-cut distinction 没有绝对的区别6. amateur n.业余爱好者, 业余艺术家7. connotation n.含蓄, 储蓄的东西(词、语等), 内涵8. integrate into 融入到……中去9. community n.公社、团体、社会10. in particular 特别是11. consequent adj.作为结果的, 随之发生的12. imply vt.暗示, 意味13. participation in 参与14. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解, 加插图于, 阐明15. in terms of 根据16. geology n.地质学, 地质概况17. definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度18. acceptable to adj.可接受的, 合意的19. incorporate adj.合并的, 一体化的vt.合并, 组成公司20. make entrance to 接近21. be reinforced by 加强22. refereeing n.仲裁人, , [体]裁判员v.仲裁,23. underway adj.起步的,进行中的, 航行中的24. be reckoned as vt.计算, 估计,25. a great deal of 大量26. in the interest of 对……有利27. universalize access 普遍可以获得28. digital divide 数字鸿沟29. impoverished adj.穷困的, 无力的,用尽了的30. sovereignty n.君主, 主权, 主权国家31. distrust vt./n.不信任32. credibility n.可信性33. turn out to be 结果是34. factual adj.事实的, 实际的35. combine with v.与... ...结合36. head-scratching 令人头痛的37. puzzlement n.迷惑38. plug vt.堵, 插栓n.塞子, 插头, 插销39. conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的40. narrative adj.叙述性的n.叙述41. disconnect v.拆开, 分离, 断开42. resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的43. community n.团体, 共有, 一致, 共同体,44. at random 随意的45. maid n.少女, 女仆46. put down root 扎根47. elite n.<法>[集合名词]精华, 中坚分子48. root in 扎根于49. clash n.冲突, 撞击声,50. sponsor n.发起人, vt.发起, v.赞助51. symposium n.讨论会, 座谈会52. be dedicated to adj.专注的, 献身的53. diversity n.差异, 多样性54. there's no question that 毫无疑问55. multinational corporation 跨国公司56. account for v.说明, 占, 解决, 得分57. affiliate v.(使...)加入, 接受为会员58. underlie vt.位于...之下, 成为...的基础59. scanty adj.缺乏的, ,俭省的,60. be broken up 坏掉的61. watch n.注视，手表62. supervise v.监视，监督63. lender n.出借人, 贷方64. gigantic adj.巨人般的, 巨大的65. take upon 承担66. lateral n.侧部, adj.横(向)的, 侧面的67. profile n.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓68. in the manner of 以... ...方式69. disgraced n.耻辱, 丢脸的人(或事) v.玷污70. passionate adj.充满热情的71. advocate n.提倡者vt.提倡,72. preach v.鼓吹73. resignation n.辞职, 辞职书, 放弃,74. doctrine n.教条, 学说75. voluntary simplicity 自愿简朴76. breed v.(使)繁殖, 教养, n.品种,77. cling-film 薄膜78. dropping out n.滴下, 滴下物, 空投,79. redundancy n.裁员翻译部分：1. offend v.犯罪, 冒犯, ,得罪,2. equip with 装备3. personality n.个性, ,人物,4. futurologist n.未来学家5. dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地6. piece together 拼凑在一起7. pick up 偶然碰到8. integration n.综合9. synthetic adj.合成的, 人造的,10. appliance n.用具, 器具11. kitchen-rage 厨房狂躁症2002年重点词组与词汇1. indentify v.确定，证明2. relevant to 有关的，相应的3. in sympathy with 同情4. depend on 依赖，依靠5. refer to v.查阅, 提到, 谈到,6. secretary n.秘书, 书记, 部长,7. alternatively adv.做为选择, 二者择一地8. addressing 寻址, 选择, 选址9. comment on 评论10. convention n.大会, 协定, 习俗,11. arrive in 到达12. show around 参观13. accommodation n.住处, 膳宿14. push aside 把. . . . . .推开,避开15. stomp n.跺脚16. position n.位置17. common to 共同的，公共的，公用的18. appropriate adj.适当的19. inedible adj.不适于食用的,20. notorious adj.声名狼籍的21. resent v.愤恨, 怨恨22. disparaging adj.蔑视的, 毁谤的,23. scapegoat n.替罪羊24. off-the-cuff 即兴的25. familiar adj.熟悉的, n.密友,26. exaggeration n.夸张, 夸大之词27. understandment n.理解28. pick out 挑选29. inject vt.注射, 注入30. ingenuity n.机灵, 独创性, 精巧,31. cope with 对付，应对32. burdensome adj.繁重的, 烦累的,33. result in 导致34. confer n.商讨，授予35. version n.译文, 译本,36. as a result 结果是37. gizmos n.小发明38. universal adj.普遍的, 通用的, 宇宙的,39. hum to v.嗡嗡叫, 哼40. assembly n.集合, 装配,41. automated adj.自动化的42. terminal n. 终端, adj.末期, 每期的,43. control v.控制44. miniaturization n.小型化45. submillimeter n.微米46. supervision n.监督, 管理47. at least 至少48. interact vi.互相作用, 互相影响49. despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论50. initial adj.最初的, 词首的, n.词首大写字母51. in attempting to 企图52. a fraction of n.小部分, 片断, 分数53. irrelevant adj.不相关的54. instantaneous adj.瞬间的, 即刻的,55. suspicious adj.(～of) 可疑的, 怀疑的56. neuroscientist n.神经科学家57. return vi.归还58. jump vi.跳跃，上涨59. scary adj.引起惊慌的60. quadruple adj.四倍的, 四重的, n.四倍61. suspend vt.吊, 悬挂v.延缓62. consequence n.结果, [逻]推理, 因果关系,63. severe adj.严厉的, 剧烈的, 严重的,64. effect n.结果, 影响, vt.招致,达到(目的等)65. sensitive to adj.敏感的, 灵敏的, 感光的66. conservation n.保存, 保持, 守恒67. intensive adj.强烈的,68. consumption n.消费, 消费量, 肺病69. consultancy n. -cies 顾问（工作）70. estimate v.估计, 估价, 评估71. compared with 相比72. commodity n.日用品73. supreme adj.极度的, 极大的, 最高的74. implicaton n.暗示75. constitutional adj.构成的, 宪法的,76. intend vt.想要,意指,77. foresee vt.预见, 预知78. permissible adj.可允许的,79. justify v.证明...是正当的80. morphine n.吗啡81. principle n.法则, 原则, 原理82. mediation n.仲裁, 调停, 调解83. maintain vt.维持, 供养, 主张84. prescribe v.指示, 规定, 处(方),85. legitimate adj.合法的, 合理的, v.合法86. homicide n.谋杀87. community n. 团体,共同体, 共有, 共同体,88. acknowledge vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿89. prolonged vt.延长, 拖延90. ineffectual adj.无效的, 不成功的91. hospice n.旅客住宿处, 收容所,92. therapy n.治疗93. to the extent that 大意是说94. systematic adj.系统的, 体系的95. presumptively adv.假设地96. incompentently adv.不合格地翻译部分：1. major adj.主修的, 成年的,2. behavior n.举止, 行为3. similar adj.相似的, 类似的4. discard vt.丢弃, 抛弃5. remain vi.保持, 逗留, 剩余,6. obscure adj.暗的, 模糊的,7. interaction n.交互作用, 交感8. prescientific adj.科学以前的,9. entrench v.以壕沟防护10. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解,11. responsibility n.责任, 职责2003年重点词组与词汇1. spymaster n.间谍组织的首脑2. lay the root for 打下基础3. be fascinated with 着迷4. believe in 相信5. espionage n.间谍, 侦探6. reshape vt.改造, 再成形,7. vocation n.召唤, 职业8. electronic adj.电子的9. decade n.十年, 十10. point-and-click 点击11. intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能12. increasingly adv.日益, 愈加13. influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的14. compile vt.编译, 编辑, 汇编15. by a large margin 大幅度16. advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益17. mastery n.掌握18. private adj.私人的, 私有的,19. corporation n.[律]社团, 法人,20. prediction n.预言, 预报21. mutually adv.互相地, 互助22. distribution n.分配,23. vacum up 清空24. predict v.预知, 预言, 预报25. sign-up 登记26. staff n.棒, 全体职员, vt.供给人员,27. back-and-forthing 来来回回28. dramatic adj.戏剧性的, 生动的29. declaration n.宣布, 宣言,30. take pride in 骄傲31. independent n.中立派, adj.独立自主的,32. paraphrase n.短语,措词33. triumph n.胜利, 成功v.获得胜利34. misguide vt.误导35. seek to v.寻找, 探索,36. biomedical adj.生物(学和)医学的37. rull out 排除38. advocate n.提倡者, vt.提倡,39. advance in n.前进, v., 预付adj.前面的40. allegation n.主张，断言, 辩解41. cruelty to n.残忍, 残酷42. perplexed adj.困惑的, 不知所措的43. deliberately adv.故意地44. staffing 安置职工45. fair adj.美丽的, (头发)金黄的,公平的, (天气)晴朗的46. distributing v.分配,分发,分布47. encourage vt.鼓励, 怂恿48. immunization n.使免除, 使免疫49. vaccine adj.疫苗的, n.疫苗50. epidemic adj.流行的, n.时疫,51. compassionate adj.富于同情心的52. molecular adj.[化]分子的, 由分子组成的53. make clear 弄清楚54. connection between 联系55. hip n., 忧郁adj.熟悉内情的56. at best adj.最好的adv.最好地57. at worst adj.最坏的, 最差的58. editor n.编辑, 编辑器, 编者59. lest conj.唯恐, 以免,60. misinformation n.误报, 误传61. institution n.公共机构, 协会,62. ultimate adj.最后的, 最终的,63. citizenry n.公民成市民(集合称)64. ember n.灰烬, 余烬65. combine with v.与...结合66. merge into v.合并, 并入,67. heightened v.提高, 升高68. monopoly n.垄断, 垄断者,69. account for v.说明, 占, 得分70. freight n.货物, 运费, vt.装货,。

无老师Toefl词汇红宝书正式版

无老师 Toefl 词汇红宝书—— 7天搞定托福单词内容说明:1本书完全免费放出,一共 1600左右个单词均为 100分必会单词!既然每个人在准备托福考试的时候都需要背单词,那么单词书就是一项基础性服务,基础性服务就应该免费!我们都需要空气,但是有人向我们收呼吸费么?电费和水费在欧洲很多国家也是不收的。

中国大陆第一本全免费的托福单词书,无老师制造! 这里是全免费的单词书,同时也是最优秀的单词书!2本单词书是将所有托福真题文章的内容合并在一起,进行词频统计,统计结束时之后,无老师在将所有单词由高到低排列,保证我们先背出现次数多的,保证了大家最高的效率。

为了提高新托福考试在这本单词书中的排位,本书在统计之前就已经将新托福的文章按照两次进行计算,保证考友们背的单词,是最鲜活的单词。

3这本《无老师 Toefl 词汇红宝书》在单词统计结束之后,由无老师亲自筛选, 将我们都很熟悉的单词比如说 apple 、 the 这样的单词全部去掉。

这样极大的减少了考友们的需要背的单词的量。

4由于这本《无老师 Toefl 词汇红宝书》的单词,是按照从高到低的次序来进行排列的, 因此极大的满足了不同考友的个性化需要。

如果你需要考到 100分以上 , 那么你要把所有单词都背过,但是你如果仅需要考 80分,那么出现频率为 3次的单词你就可以不背,因为被考到的几率相对偏小。

5在同一出现频率上, 《无老师 Toefl 词汇红宝书》也是打破了以前的做法,现在是由 Z-A 的排列方式。

防止产生疲劳感。

因为我们发现将单词进行扩展是很简单的,但是难就难在把这个单词背下来,因此把同词根的放到一起,保证了一个单词一旦背下来,那么相关的一系列的单词就迎刃而解。

7单词书为了保证原汁原味,将单词在托福考试之中最常出现的形式作为默认显示方式列出, (括号之中的内容为单词的原型8托福考试要求最为贴近生活,国内考试的考试目的完全不同,因此国内考试会涉及到的很多意项,在托福考试当中不会考到。

托福词汇2

parish：教区
Clergyman: 神职人员
• • • • • • • vicar rector priest curate bishop archbishop pope
小牧师小牧师神父副牧师主教红衣主教教皇
“白天看庙，晚上睡觉”
教堂（church building） In the Christian religion, a church building is a building or structure whose primary purpose is to facilitate the meeting of a church. The primary cause of Tom's failure is his laziness. 汤姆失败的根本原因是懒惰
Continue:
He then proceeded to teach himself geology and when he was twenty-four，he went to work for the company that was excavating the Somerset Coal Canal in the south of England.
Proceed: 继续 geology: 地质学 excavate: 发掘
运动男孩系列词汇之一（位置）
位置：position
G?
F?
C?
G: guard F: forward C: center
得分后卫：Shooting Guard (SG) 控球后卫（组织后卫）：Point Guard （PG）
意大利：意大利：米兰大教堂
米兰大教堂又名多摩大教堂，是世界上最有气派的教堂。它于 1386年开始兴建，正式完工是在 1897年，教堂建筑时间超过5个世纪。米兰大教堂是意大利最大型的哥特式建筑教堂长约168米，宽约59米，宏伟的大厅被四排柱子分开，柱子加上柱头总高约26 米，大厅顶部最高处距地面45米。圣坛周围支撑中央塔楼的四根柱子，每根高40米，直径达到10米，由大块花岗岩砌叠而成，外包大理石。所有柱子的柱头上都有小龛，内置雕像，手工精美。厅内全靠两边的侧窗采光，窗细而长，上嵌彩色玻璃，光线幽暗而神秘。该教堂全部用砖建造，外表覆盖着洁白的大理石。教堂顶上135个尖塔直刺苍穹，每个塔尖都有和真人一般大小的雕像，共3615个，被不少人誉为一座锦绣森林。

托福听力进阶词汇(二阶)

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TOEFL托福IBT听力场景词汇简洁版

TOEFL IBT听力场景词汇对话场景词汇(Page1-9)●入学：enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的●结构及称谓: university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 辅导老师supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生●建筑物:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hall computer lab 计算实验室，机房dining hall 食堂选课/学科major 主修minor 副修science理科,arts文科,engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学●课程类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程●课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲；课程表Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）,openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销●职位professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言；演示；展示term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt. n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调●考试mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数●成绩perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法●图书馆library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部●科研HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect data收集数据Survey, questionnaire 调查；问卷调查Experiment实验Interfere, influence干扰；影响Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 解读数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的，分析性的Subject 主体，研究对象Sample 样本Treatment group 实验组Control group 对照组●校内工作，课外活动Letter of reference/recommendation介绍信，推荐信Competitive 有竞争力的Benefit future career 对未来职业有益Field research 田野调查Collect data for papers 收集数据Waiter, waitress，Babysitter 服务生；保姆Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CV 个人简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship 奖学金Grant 助学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础的Merit-based 以优异表现为基础的Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部；社团Membership 成员资格Career service 职业规划服务●住宿accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.露台sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartment 两室公寓house key 房锁匙pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养●家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设●日常生活/问题:personal possessions/property/belongings 个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.入室盗窃者leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇(Page10-31) Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion) boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库Latitude 纬度Redistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates 苏格拉底Plato 柏拉图Aristotle 亚里士多德Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分;元素Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷神星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年(距离单位) Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类; 流派Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play话剧; 戏剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 照相机；摄影机camera shot 摄影镜头analytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈编排者；舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation/pigment 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderne Geometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520 拜占庭式建筑音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology 古人类学Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biotical agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey bee蜜蜂monarch butterfly 大花蝶egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming bird artery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 伪装evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟喙；鸟嘴enzymes 酶secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell) gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) 光合作用的photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜bean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 社会等级; 等级制hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象学meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 凝结; 冷凝crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩; 山体滑坡precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩; 山体滑坡Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环境科学environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存pollute 污染v.pollution, 污染n.pollutant 污染物contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),回收: recycle, reuse,Dump 倾倒(垃圾)；排放(污水)milk carton牛奶盒,tyre 轮胎aluminum cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags塑料袋;垃圾袋biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels化石燃料crude oil; oil 原油；石油natural gas 天然气coal 煤petroleum; gas 汽油limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,water pollution 水污染air pollution 空气污染soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollution 噪声污染light pollution光污染soil erosion 土壤侵蚀; 水土流失soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地, rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物,preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。

TOEFLVocabulary（托福分类词汇）

TOEFL Vocabulary（托福分类词汇）The new TOEFL vocabulary | new TOEFL vocabulary Download The new TOEFL vocabulary | new TOEFL vocabulary Download Part 1. astronomy1 astronomy astronomyAstronomy astronomyAstronomical astronomicalAstronomical Observatory ObservatoryAstronomer astronomerAstrophysics AstrophysicsAstrology AstrologyPseudoscience pseudoscienceCosmos (universe) universeCosmology cosmologyInfinite unlimitedCosmic cosmicCosmic radiation cosmic radiationCosmic, rays cosmic raysCelestial daysCelestial, body (heavenly, body) celestial bodies Celestial, map (sky, Atlas) celestial bodies Celestial sphere celestial sphereDwarf (dwarf, star) dwarf starsQuasar quasars, QSRsConstellation constellationGalaxy (Milky, Way) New River systemCluster clusterSolar system solar systemSolar corona coronaSolar eclipse solar eclipseSolar radiation solar radiationPlanet planetPlanetoid (asteroid) asteroid Revolve spin, turn around Twinkle blinkNaked eye naked eyeMercury mercuryVenus VenusEarth earthMars MarsJupiter JupiterSaturn SaturnUranus UranusNeptune NeptunePluto PlutoOrbit orbitSpin rotationSatellite satelliteLunar lunarMeteor meteorMeteor Shower Meteor ShowerMeteoroid meteoroidMeteorite meteoriteComet cometSpace (outer, space) space, outer space Spacecraft (spaceship) spacecraft Spaceman (astronaut) astronaut, astronaut Space suit spacesuit, spacesuitSpace shuttle space shuttleSpace Telescope Space TelescopeAstronaut astronautsStar starsStellar stellarIntergalactic intergalactic Interstellar between stars Interplanetary interplanetary Asteroid asteroidNebula NebulaSpace debris space junkAmmonia ammoniaCorona coronaChromosphere chromosphere Photosphere chromosphereConvection zone troposphereVacuum vacuumInfrared ray infraredChondrite chondrulesAbsolute magnitude absolute magnitudeRadiation radiationEmission emission, emissionHigh-resolution high definitionInterferometer jammerThe new TOEFL vocabulary | new TOEFL vocabulary Download 2 Geography GeographyGeography GeographyGeographer geographerHemisphere hemisphereMeridian meridians, meridiansParallel parallel rings, parallelsLatitude longitudeLongitude accuracyElevation elevationAltitude heightTemperate latitudes temperate regionsHorizon HorizonEquator equatorTropics tropicsArctic ArcticAntarctic (Antarctica) AntarcticExpedition AdventureTime zone time zoneTopography terrain, topographyPlain plainPlateau (Highland) heightsLowland lowlandsBasin basinCavern (cave) caveTerrain regionSubterranean (underground) below the groundCoastland coastal areasIsland IslandsContinental island continental island Volcanic island volcanic islandCoral island Coral IslandIslet IslandPeninsular PeninsulaContinent continentContinental shelf continental shelf Ranges rangeValley Gorge峡谷峡谷通道（海峡）海峡遥感遥感的陆地地球的，陆地的地热（地热）地热地磁（地磁）地磁大陆漂移大陆漂移学说海底扩张海床扩展蒸发蒸发盐度含盐度海底海床沙沉淀物，沉积物热带热带的温带温带的寒冷的寒带的形成形成冻胀冻胀现象斯通卵石新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载3地质地质学地质学家地质学家地壳地壳地幔地幔核心地核大陆地壳大陆地壳海洋地壳海洋地壳层（地层，地层地层复数）板板块故障断层断层面断层面断裂带断层带裂缝（裂缝；分）断裂分解（分解）分解侵蚀腐蚀化石化石火成岩火成岩沉积岩沉积岩变质岩变质岩石英石英石灰石石灰岩大理石大理石花岗岩花岗岩结石岩成的岩石圈岩石圈岩浆岩浆矿物矿物矿石矿石存款矿床铂白金，铂银银铜黄铜铝铝锡锡铅铅锌锌镍镍水星汞，水银钠钠创业板宝石钻石钻石翡翠绿宝石红宝石红宝石冰川冰川冰川冰川的冰期（年龄段）冰川期冰碛冰渍冰山冰山火山火山活跃的火山活火山死火山死火山休眠火山休眠火山火山喷发喷发坑火山口熔岩火山岩浆火山火山的火山灰火山尘火山灰火山灰地震（地震；地震；地震）地震地震地震的地震地震学震级级地震波地震波灾难灾变新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载4人类学家人类学家古人类学家古人类学家生态人类学家生态人类学家心理人类学家心理人类学家起源起源是起源于祖先祖先人类人（科）齐同一种族（种类）的部落部落家族氏族考古学家考古学家开挖挖掘挖掘（挖掘）挖掘废墟遗迹，废墟仍然遗迹，遗骸神器手工艺品文物遗物，文物古董古物，古董古代古代，古老石器时代的石器时代青铜时代（青）铜器时代铁器时代的铁器时代旧石器时代的旧石器时代的中石器时代的中石器时代的新石器时代的新石器时代的考古考古学人类学人类学形态形态学颅骨颅骨颅颅骨的新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载5生态生态学生态学家生态学家生态系统生态系统平衡（自然）自然界生态平衡动物动物群植物植物群雨林雨林食物链食物链酸雨酸雨温室效应温室效应红外辐射红外线辐射臭氧层（臭氧层）臭氧层紫外辐射紫外辐射污染污染污染控制污染控制空气污染空气污染水污染水污染噪声污染噪音污染土壤污染土壤污染无公害无污染污染物污染物有害（有毒）有毒的烟雾（有毒）废气浪费废物固体废物固体垃圾污水（废水）污水污水净化污水净化污水处理污水处理分贝（噪音）分贝新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载6气象气象气象气象气象学家气象学家预测（预测）预报气候气候大气大气层对流层对流层电流（气）流气相蒸汽蒸发蒸发湿（湿；湿润；湿润）潮湿的湿度湿度水分潮湿；水分饱和饱和露露霜霜雾（雾）雾烟雾烟雾滴小水珠凝聚浓缩水晶水晶体大雨（暴雨）大雨风暴（风暴）暴风雨细雨细雨淋浴阵雨冰雹冰雹暴风雪（雪）暴风雪雪崩（雪崩）雪崩降水（雨、露、雪等）降水微风微风大风大风旋风旋风台风台风飓风飓风龙卷风（龙卷风、飓风）龙卷风漏斗漏斗，漏斗云灾难（灾难，灾难）灾难破坏破坏淹没淹没干旱旱灾新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载7化学化学化学性质化学特性，化学性质化学成分（化妆）化学成分化学剂化学试剂化学反应化学反应化学变化化学变化化学键化学键化工设备化学器械物质（物质；材料）物质元元素周期表周期表氢氢氧氧氮氮氦氦碳碳钙钙硅硅硫硫碘碘复合化合物油气碳氢化合物衍生衍生物炼金术炼金术石油天然气（油）石油石油产品石油产品原油原油完善提炼，精炼汽油汽油甲烷甲烷解溶液溶解溶解溶剂溶剂溶解性可溶性衔接聚合力胶粘合力原子原子核原子核电子电子中子中子质子质子分子分子粒子粒子离子离子粒子加速器粒子加速器催化（催化催化作用复数）催化剂催化剂人工人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品新托福分类词汇 | 新托福分类词汇下载8. the physics 物理the physics 物理力学 mechanics "thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度the equilibrium 平衡statics 静力学motion 运动the inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声, 洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性, 磁力a magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场the electric current 电流direct current (dc) 直流电alternating current (ac) 交流电the electric circuit 电路the electric charge 电荷the electric voltage 电压the electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片, 集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词) 放大amplify (动词) 放大amplifier 放大器, 扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光 (学) 的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜, 镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线x rays x 射线gamma rays 射线. gamma.infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波the dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的新托福分类词汇 | 新托福分类词汇下载9 mathematicsmathematics 数学mathematician 数学家arithmetic 算术calculation 计算calculator 计算器african ant eating mammal 算盘numeral 数字sum 和total (sum total) 总和, 总数the aggregate 总计fraction 分数, 小数decimal 十进位, (十进) 小数digit 数字, 数位percentage 百分比addition 加法plus 加上subtraction 减法minus 减去multiplication 乘法multiplication table 乘法表multiply 乘以the times 乘以power 乘方square 平方division 除法divide 除以algebra 代数quantity 表示量的数 (或符号) equation 方程式, 等式the formula 公式root 根geometry 几何几何的)the dimension 维parallel ajd. 平行的 n. 平行线quadrilateral 四边形广场正方形地区面积矩形长方形，矩形多边形多边形立方体立方形体积体积球球形圆圆形椭圆（椭圆）椭圆形锥圆锥形围圆周直径直径半径半径三角三角形角角度（角）度微积分微积分微分微分学积分积分学功能函数概率概率统计统计定量量的，数量的定性质的，质量的推理（推理）推论，演绎感应归纳新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载10农业农业农业（农业）农业农业农业的土地（土壤）土壤；土地水土保持土壤保护土壤侵蚀泥土流失淤泥粉砂，泥沙粘土黏土，湿土冷土块土地土地的，农业的试点（试验）试验性的耙（耙）耙，耙土岭田埂沟犁沟情节（补丁）小块地牧场农场，牧场林种植园果园果园幼儿园苗圃苗床苗床镰刀镰刀铲铲，锹（平头）铲铲接稿拖拉机拖拉机培养耕作（到）播种（种子）播种收获收割杂草除草灌溉灌溉肥（化肥）肥料喷雾喷洒（农药）杀虫剂（农药）杀虫剂害虫害虫锈锈病粮食（谷物）谷物，谷粒粮仓（粮仓）粮仓磨碾，磨小麦小麦玉米玉米水稻大米大麦大麦高粱高粱燕麦燕麦黑麦黑麦小米粟，小米蔬菜蔬菜园艺园艺学水培水栽法，营养液栽培法温室（温室、温床）温室白菜洋白菜生菜生菜芥末芥菜菠菜菠菜西兰花花椰菜黄瓜黄瓜茄子茄子辣椒辣椒南瓜南瓜番茄西红柿甜菜甜菜胡萝卜胡萝卜萝卜小红萝卜豌豆豌豆大豆大豆芹菜芹菜大蒜大蒜韭菜韭菜洋葱洋葱头马铃薯土豆花生花生芝麻芝麻棉花棉花畜牧业（畜牧业）畜牧业牧场牧场畜牧家畜家禽（鸡）家禽牛牛，家畜水牛野牛奶牛（奶牛）奶牛奶牛场乳牛场干草（作饲料用）干草干草堆干草堆饲料（饲料）饲料槽饲料槽仓库（棚）牲口槽稳定的厩，马厩牛棚牛棚猪圈（猪圈，猪圈）猪圈羊圈（羊圈）羊栏栖（鸡舍）鸡舍养鱼场养鱼场水产养殖水产养殖新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载11动物动物进化论达尔文学说自然选择自然选择类纲为了目家庭科属属亚目亚目物种种无脊椎动物无脊椎动物A cluster of cluster (shrubs) Fern fernsHerb grassPhotosynthesis photosynthesis Symbiosis symbiosisWither (shrivel, fade) withers Pollen pollenPollinate teaches pollen Pollination pollinationCell cellTissue tissueOrgan organSystem systemSeeds seedsEverlasting permanentOrchid orchidsPollinate pollinationCrossbreed hybridizationShrub bushSequoia SequoiaRoot pressure root pressureCohesion-tension condensation pressure Bore cavity, intestineColumn styleSymbiotic symbiosisImmunity immunizationOrganism organisms, organic compoundsNecrosis necrosisBarren barrenFutile useless!Carbohydrate (starch) carbohydrate (starch), carbohydrate Glucose glucoseStarch starchFat fatProtein proteinVitamin vitaminsCalorie calories (units of heat)Malnourished malnourishedNutrition nutritionThe new TOEFL vocabulary | new TOEFL vocabulary Download 13 politics politicsConstitution ConstitutionLegislation legislationDemocrats DemocratsRepublicans Republican PartyAmendment amendmentCongress US CongressSenate SenateHouse of Representatives house of Representatives Monarchy monarchyAnarchism anarchismFederal system federalismPresidential system presidential system Municipal, municipal, municipalMetropolitan MetropolitanCentralized centralizedIdeology ideologyManeuver wipeTariff tariffImmigrant immigrantsInstitutionalize institutionalizationElection electionVote voteOfficeholding servedVeto vetoAmerican Revolution American Revolution / war of independence Independence War American Revolutionary WarAmerican, Civil, War, American Civil WarRadical radical, radicalOverturning subversiveIndependent independentBreathtaking exciting!Military militaryColonize colonization, ColonialPer capita per capitaTreason treasonConspiracy conspiracyImprisonment imprisonmentRelease releasePardon amnestyAccusation condemns the chargesWelfare benefitsPatronage sponsoredUnionization combinationThe new TOEFL vocabulary | new TOEFL vocabulary Download 14 Education EducationEducator educatorHigher education higher educationMoral character moral qualityDomain domainFaculty facultyAlumni AlumniTreasurer life Commissioner, finance minister Elective system elective systemCurriculum course (collectively)Discipline disciplines, managementLearn, by, rote, rote learning15 music musicMusical instrument instrumentsOrchestra bandString stringWind bandShook rattle shook rattlePound drum beat the drumFootbeat point your foot and stamp your feet Percussion concussion, percussion instruments Note notesScore notationMovement movementFanatical maniaHillbilly music country musicFolk music folk musicPop music pop musicClassical music classical musicJazz Jazz16 psychology psychologyMental psychologicalPhysical physical, physical, physical Spiritual mindConformity conformity Majority majorityMinority minority阈值判断（心理学）初始性判断主题受实验对象17人人物艺术家艺术家编导舞蹈编排家评论家批评家讽刺讽刺作家发明家发明家传记作家自传作家雕塑家雕塑家女性主义女权主义者人道主义人道主义者意象意象派诗人慈善家慈善家业主业主凡人犯人前先驱傀儡名誉领袖弟子学徒学徒学徒机械机械工简约的简单抽象派艺术前卫前卫派境内领域体裁风格，体裁偏心古怪的奇怪的怪诞的，奇数的不稳定的奇怪的奇怪的怪异的，不可思议的独特的独一无二的浪漫的浪漫的无辜的天真的，无罪的失恋的相思病苦的情感情绪的，情感的多愁善感的感伤的，多愁善感的这无精打采的，无生命力的家长家长的，族长的刚僵化的备用简朴的笨拙的笨拙的神经紧张的曲折曲折的当代当代的著名的受欢迎的。

托福TOEFL听力必背120个重要习语

托福TOEFL听力必背120个重要习语above all - most importantlyaccount for - explainas a matter of fact - in fact ,to speak the truthas a rule - generally ;normallyabout to - be ready to;be on the point of doing somethingan old hand - be an experienced persomany day now -soonapproach sb -talk to sbbe fed up with - be out of patience withbe on one’s own - live independentlybe on the safe side - take no chancesbe out of something - have no longer in supplybe tired of - be bored with ,frustrated withbe up to ones’ears - be extremely busybe up to someone -be a person’s responsibilitybe out for -trying to getbe out of the question - be unacceptable ,impossiblebite off more than one can chew - take on more than onecanhandle break down - cease to nbreak the ice - begin to be friendly wuth people onedoesn’tknow break the news - inform or give bad newsbrush up on - imporve noe’s knowledge of somethingthroughstudy bump into - meet unexpectedlyby and large - in generalby heart - by memoryby all means - absolutely ,definitelyby no means - in no waycall off -cancelcheer up - be happycome down with - become sick withcome into -receive,especially after another’s deathcome up with - think ofcount on - depend uponcount out - eliminatedie down - become quiet ,become lessdo without - manage without somethingdrop by - visit informally; pay a short visitevery other - alternatefall behind - lag; fail to accomplish something on timefall through - fail to happen or be completedfar cry form - completely different from;a long wayfeel like - have a desire or wish forfeel up to - feel well enough to or be capabele offew and far between - not happening often; ratefigure out - determine; reason out by thinkingfill in for -take another’s placefill sb.in - tell what sb. should knowfish out of water - out of one’s element ornaturalenvironmentflying colors -success,victoryfor good - permanently; foreverfor the time being - for now; temporarilyget away with - escape without punishmentget rid of - give something away; sell, destroy, or throwawaysomething get the ball rolling - start something; make a beginningget the hang of - understand; learngive a hand - helpgo without saying - understood; clear without needing tobestatedgo off -begin to ringhang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing somethinghard to come by - difficult to obtainhave a heart - have kind feelings; be understandinghave a hunch - have an idea based on feelings ratherthanreasonhold off - delay;postponehop to it - get started on something quicklyhit it off - get along well with someoneill at ease - uncomfortablein hot water - in troublein the air -uncertainin the dark - keep someone without knowdge; informationfromsomenoe in the lone run - looking toward the future; eventuallyins and outs - all the details; the various parts anddifficultiesto be seen iron out - remove the difficulties or find an answer forjump to conclusions - arrive too quickly at a decisionoropinionkeep an eye on - watch closelykeep one’sfingers crossed - wish that nothing goes wrongkeep on one’s toes - be ready for action; preparedknock oneself out - make a great effortlearn the ropes - learn the rules and routines of a placeoractivitylittle by little -graduallymake ends meet - to get just enough money for noe’s needsmake out - manage;get alongmean to - intentional; on purposemight as well - to have no strong reson not tonext to nothing - almost nothing; very inexpensivenot to mention - in additionoff balance - unaware; off guardon the go - working or doing something all the timeon pins and needles - nervous; anxious; full of anticipationon purpose - deliberately; intentionallyon the blink - not working properly;brokenon the center track - thinking or doing something correctlyon the tip of noe’s tongue - to be about to remr somthingonce in a blue moon - rarely; almost neverout of it - not involved inpick up the tab - pay the bill or the cost of somethingpiece of cake - easyplay by ear - act spontaneously; without planningpill it off - accomplishpull one’s leg - make fun of somenoe in a playgul way;makesomenoe believe something that is not turequite a few - manyraise the roof -angrycenter away - immediatelyrun for office - compete for an elected positionsave one’s breath - to keep silent because talking wouldnotachieve anytingsay that again - a saying that means; I agree completelystone’s throw - short distancesearch me - an answer that means; I don’t knowserves one center - is deserving ofsleep on it - think about something for a whilestraighten up - clean up; make tidytake a break - rest for a while; stop one’s work or activity think nothing of it - that’s all centerthrow cold water on - discourage; lessen enthusiasm forto say the least - at the lowest estimatetouch on - mention a subject brieflyunder the water - not feeling wellwait around - waiting in vainwait on - attend as a servant;servewell worth the trouble - it deseres the inconvenienceortrouble whole new ballgame - an entirely different situationwith flying colors - succeed very wellwithout a hitch - without difficulty or delay。

toefl words list托福阅读及写作必备词汇

T OEFL words’ listMonopolyInterpretation 解释，翻译Symptom 症状，征兆Meadow 草地Prevalent 普遍的Replenish 再次充满Peepshow 西洋镜Cetacean 鲸and so forth- etc.Assert 声称，断言，维护，坚持Sensory 感知的Servant 仆人，佣人，公务员Bellow at – yell atTextile 纺织品，纺织的Cope 处理，对付，竞争Laden 负载的，苦恼的，装满的Bemoan 为。

叹息，惋惜Spinal 脊柱的Retail （名）零售Stimulus 刺激物，促进因素Deliberate-on purposeDismiss 拒绝考虑Condense 使凝结，冷凝，压缩（文件）Controversy 辩论，争论Conserve 保存，保护Interfere in 干涉，介入，干预Postpone 使延期，延迟，推迟Document文件，公文Scope 范围Outcome 结果AdvancedSensible 合理的，明智的，实际的Notelet 便签Predator 食肉动物，捕食者Adequate-enough-sufficient Adequate to do可以胜任做Cosmetics 化妆品Oversee 俯瞰，眺望Via-throughReveal- showCandidate 候选人Consequently- so-henceDevastate-destroyProposeDurationLeakTimescale 时间量程，时标Palm 手掌Engrave 雕刻Fort 堡垒，要塞，边界贸易战Crude 天然的，未加工的，粗鲁的，粗糙的ExpeditionCylinderCorridorImmersionHurricane 飓风Debris 碎片，残骸Void 空的，无效的，无人的Peasant 农民，乡下人TerritoryConclude 推断，推定PredationHorizontal 水平的Conceal 隐藏，隐瞒Intention 意图Buildup 发展，增强，集结ThreatLengthy 过长的CrucialAggressiveElevation 海拔Convert-exchangeConversionImitateExaggerateConsciousProportion-rateTherebyFundamentalProcedure-processUnwareInvadeExamineProgressive 前进的，进步的，改革的Personage 要人，大人物Cohesion 凝聚力，聚合力Indeed-actuallyIll-fated unfortunateMemorabilia 大记事，值得纪念的事物Populous 人口稠密的，人口多的Surplus 剩余，过剩Kinship 家属关系，亲属关系Hypothetical 假设的，爱猜想的Prestige 声望，威望Exaggerated 夸张的Persist – continue, hold on, keepUtilize – get use ofPredominant -main, outstanding Inhospitable 荒凉的，冷淡的，不好客的，不适于居住的Adrift 漂泊的，漂浮的Prairie 大草原，牧场BlissTimescale 时间量程，时标Must-have listTimber 木材，木料Considerably- very, enormously Inherited 遗传的，继承的Make a turnoverSow-sown 播种Rebellion 叛乱，反叛，谋反DischargeDikeTacticsMutePredominantSeep – leakMetropolis – big cityForaging – forage 觅食Surge – big waveWed – marryInflate – blow upPasture- prairieAnomaly 一异常，不规则，异常事物Pillared 成柱状的，有柱的Triumph – success, succeed Permeability 渗透性Lyrical 抒情诗调的，感情丰富，充满愉悦的Adornment – decorationUtilitarian 功利的，功利主义的Watercraft 船只，驾船技术Obsidian 黑曜石Exclusively 唯一地，排外地，专有地Gist 要点，要领，主旨，依据Bulky 体积大的，庞大的，笨重的Suppress 抑制，废止，镇压Stunted 发育不良的Collision 碰撞，冲突Rotate 旋转，循环Revealing 真情流露的，有启迪作用的Befit 适合于Vaguely 含糊地，茫然地，暧昧地Devise 设计，想出，发明Disaffection 不满，背叛Affection 喜爱，慈爱，意向Get addicted to 上瘾，沉溺于Scintillating 闪烁的（ideas）Undisclosed – secretGroovy 绝妙的，流行的，最佳状态的Discard 抛弃，放弃，丢弃Engraved 被牢记的，被深深印入的Conventional 传统的，常见的，惯例的，符合常例的（convention会议，惯例，习俗，规矩）The modest number ofContend – argue, claim- assertFabricateCorrupting informationIndisputable – undeniable, no doubt Virtually – in factInclusion - contentPosit – assumeRefute this idea by stating that Ostracized 被放逐，排斥的Streak 倾向（winning streak）Brash 傲慢的Amid （表示位置）在…中间; （表示环境）处于…环境中; 由于存在…情况; （表示让步）尽管有…的情况;Bombshell 爆炸性事件Harsh- strictTrophyPrecursor前辈，前驱，先锋，前任; 预兆，先兆，初期形式; [核] 前驱波，初级粒子; 预报器Preliminary 初步的，初级的; 预备的; 开端的; 序言的Combat – fight vt.Looks hopelessly optimistic Validityn.效力; 正确性; 有效，合法性; 正确，正当Subjugate 降伏，征服- conquer Refugee 避难者，难民Dampen -restrainEntail 需要; 牵涉; 使必要; 限定继承; Famine 饥荒Rejig – reequipAsset 财产，资产Scrutinize – look overNo intention ofExcoriate 严厉指责Repeal 撤销，废除Insure – make sure aboutSober adj.头脑清醒的，冷静的; 未醉的，没喝醉的; 有节制的; 朴素的，素净的; vt.（使）冷静，（使）清醒; 使严肃Dissident n.持异议者，公开大唱反调者，持不同政见者; adj.持不同意见的（人）Corruption 贪污，腐败Retain- keepDeplete – use upIntact 完整的，原封不动的，未损伤的Sustain 维持，支撑，承担，忍受Conventional 符合习俗的，传统的，常见的，惯例的BulkAssertion 主张，声称IntegrateDisintegrate 使分解，使崩溃Countercurrent 逆流，相反地Intrinsic 本质的，固有的Crane 吊车，起重机Ornament 装饰Distain (in distain) 轻蔑，鄙弃Vow 起誓，发誓（vow to do）Patronize 屈尊Meddle –interfere (meddle in such matter)Retain- keep, memorizeFluctuationCompact 合同Fatal 致命的，重大，毁灭性的，命中注定的Phoenix 凤凰，死而复生的人Discriminate 歧视，区别，辨别Vigorously 活泼地，精神旺盛地Maturation 成熟，化脓，生殖细胞之形成Humble 谦逊的，简陋的，低下的Presumably 大概，推测起来，可假定的Knap 打碎，敲击，猛咬，山顶，丘顶Engage 吸引，占用，使参加，雇佣，使订婚，预定；vi. 答应，保证，交战Astrolabe 星盘，天体观测仪Consensus 一致，舆论，合意WorkloadHarness- utilizeRigorously -strictly，brutalReverse 颠倒，倒转Removal 免职，移动，排除，搬迁Devise 装置，策略，图案CollectiveSupersede – substituteDemonstrate – prove, showMight – power, 势力Substantial -plentiful, 实质的，内容充实的Fluctuation 起伏，波动Wagon 货车，四轮马车Crevice 裂缝，裂隙Depletion 消耗，损耗，放血Reverse 背面，相反，倒退，失败；vt. 颠倒，倒转；adj. 反面的，颠倒的，反身的Picturesquely 如画地，别致地，生动地Suspended 悬浮的，暂停的，缓期的Property 性能，性质Arid 干旱的，不毛的，荒芜的Eliminate 排除，淘汰Emphasize – highlight, underline, stress EstablishDispute- argue, debateIncentive 动机，刺激，激励的，刺激的Succulent – juicyPlight 困境，境况，誓约；vt. 保证，约定Ultimately- finallyVirtually – actually, in factJoint 关节，接缝，接合处；共同的，连接的，联合的Propagate 传播，传送，繁殖，宣传Scheme 计划（名或动），组合，策划，诡计，体制Propulsion 推进，推进力Vertically 垂直地Prosperous 繁荣的，兴旺的Coarse 粗糙的，粗俗的，下等的Comprehensive 综合的，广泛，有理解力的Reclaim 开拓，回收再利用，改造，使某人悔改，抗议，喊叫，再生胶Erect 使竖立，建造，安装；竖立的，笔直的，因性刺激而勃起的；直立，勃起Compulsory 义务的，必修的，被强制的Evaluation 评价，评估，估价，求值Readiness 敏捷，迅速，准备就绪，愿意Colossal 巨大的，异常的，非常的Authoritative 有权威的，命令式的，当局的DespiteBe retroactive to( date) – back toConfrontation 对抗，面对，遭遇In rotation- in turnsMuch has changed for… since…Implore- beg （to ）Prospect 前景，期望；勘察Stencil 漏字板Fluctuate 波动，涨落，动摇Deciduous 落叶性的，脱落性，非永久性的Likewise- at the same time Notoriously 众所周知，声名狼藉，恶名昭彰地Marginal 边缘的，临界的，末端的Desirable 令人满意的，值得要的，可取的；合意的人或事物Abiotic 非生物的，无生命的Browse 浏览，吃草，漫不经心地看商品Browse to 浏览到And thus to 并因此Consumed 充满的，对。

tofel词汇

TOEFL词汇abandon [4'b1nd4n]v.离弃，完全放弃abbreviate [4'bri:vieit]v.缩短，缩写abnormal [1b'n3:ml]a.反常的，变态的abolition [`1b4'li54n]n.废除，废止abort [4'b3:t]n.中止计划(任务)，夭折abound [4'baund]vi.(in)富于；大量存在；充满abrasion [4'brei9n]n.表面磨损abreast [4'brest]adv.并列地，并排地abrupt [4'br8pt]a.突然的，意外的absence ['1bs4ns]n.缺席；缺乏，不存在absolutely ['1bs4lu:tli]adv.完全地；绝对地absorb [4b's3:b]vt.吸收abstract ['1bstr1kt]a.抽象的；抽象派的absurd [4b's4:d]a.可笑的，荒唐的abundant [4'b8nd4nt]a.充足的，丰富的academy [4'k1d4mi]n.研究会，学术团体；专门院校accelerate [4k'sel4reit]v.(使)加快，加速access ['1kses]n.通道；(接近或享用的)机会；vt.存取accessible [4k'ses4bl]a.易接近的；可得到的；可进入的accessory [4k'ses4ri]n.附件，零件acclaim [4'kleim]vt./n.喝彩；称赞accommodate [4'k3m4deit]vt.供应(住宿或房间)；使适应accompany [4'k8mp4ni]vt.陪伴；为…伴奏accomplish [4'k8mpli5; U S 4'k3m-] vt.达到；完成；实现accomplished [4'k8mpli5t; U S 4'k3m-] a.多才多艺的；完成了的accord [4'k3:d]n.一致，符合account [4'kaunt]n.解释；帐户；考虑；v.说明…的原因accumulate [4'kju:mjuleit]v.积累，堆积accuracy ['1kj4r4si]n.准确(性)，精确(性)accurate ['1kjurit]a.正确的，精确的accuse [4'kju:z]vt.指责，归咎；指控accustom [4'k8st4m]v.使习惯于acid ['1sid]n.酸；a.酸的acknowledge [4k'n3lid9]v.承认，确认；对…表示感谢acoustic [4'ku:stik]a.非电声乐器的；听觉的acquaint [4'kweint]v.使认识；使熟悉acquire [4'kwai4(r)]vt.获得；学到acting ['1kti6]a.代理的；n.演戏，表演action ['1k54n]n.行为，活动；作用activity [1k'tiv4ti]n.活动；活跃acute [4'kju:t]a.极度的，(事情)激烈的；敏锐的adapt [4'd1pt]v.使适合；调整additional [4'di54nl]a.附加的，额外的additive ['1ditiv]a.添加的；加法的；n.添加剂address [4'dres]n.地址；讲话；v.作(正式)讲话；写姓名地址adequate ['1dikw4t]a.适当的；足够的adhere [4d'hi4(r)]vi.粘附；坚持adhesive [4d'hi:siv]a.带粘性的；n.胶合剂adjacent [4'd9eisnt]a.邻近的adjunct ['1d986kt]n.附加物，附件adjust [4'd98st]vt.调整；使适合administer [4d'minist4(r)]vt.管理；执行admire [4d'mai4(r)]vt.钦佩；欣赏admission [4d'mi54n]n.准许进入；入场费；承认admit [4d'mit]vt.承认；接纳adobe [4'd4ubi]n.泥砖，土坯adolescence [`1d4'lesns]n.青春期adopt [4'd3pt]vt.采用adorn [4'd3:n]vt.装饰，装扮advanced [4d'v2:nst; U S 4d'v1nst] a.先进的；高级的advent ['1dv4nt]n.到来，出现adventure [4d'vent54(r)]n.奇遇；冒险活动adverse ['1dv4:s]a.负面的；不利的advertise ['1dv4taiz]v.为…做广告，宣传advocate ['1dv4keit;'1dv4k4t] vt.提倡；n.倡导者aerial ['e4ri4l]a.空中的aerobic [e4'r4ubik]a.增氧健身法的；[pl.]n.有氧运动aesthetic [i:s'7etik]a.美学的；审美的affection [4'fek5n]n.喜爱；影响affirm [4'f4:m]vt.断言，坚持声称afflict [4'flikt]vt.使苦恼，折磨afford [4'f3:d]vt.买得起；冒险做；提供agency ['eid94nsi]n.代理处；(政府等的)专门行政部门aggregate ['1grig4t]n.聚成岩；聚集物aggressive [4'gresiv]a.挑衅的；强有力的agreeable [4'gri:4bl]a.使人愉快的；欣然同意的airborne ['e4b3:n]a.空气传播的alarm [4'l2:m]n.闹钟；警报；v.使惊恐alchemist ['1lk4mist]n.炼金术士alert [4'l4:t]a.机警的；vt.提醒alga ['1lg4]n.[pl.algae]藻类，海藻algebra ['1ld9ibr4]n.代数(学)alien ['eili4n]a.不同的；n.外星人；组织之外的人alkali ['1lk4lai]n.碱allay [4'lei]vt.减轻，减少allergy ['1l4d9i]n.过敏症alleviate [4'li:vieit]v.减轻，缓和allocation [`1l4'kei5n]n.配给，分配alloy ['1l3i]n.合金; vt.使成合金alphabet ['1lf4bet]n.字母表alter ['3:lt4(r)]vt.改变alternate [3:l't4:n4t; U S '3:lt4rn4t]a.交替的，轮流的alternative [3:l't4:n4tiv]n.选择；a.其他可选用的altitude ['1ltitju:d; U S -tu:d]n.(海拔)高度；[常pl.]海拔甚高的地方aluminum [4'lu:min4m]n.铝alumnus [4'l8mn4s]n.男校友(复数alumni)amass [4'm1s]v.积聚amateur ['1m4t4(r)]n.业余爱好者amid [4'mid]prep.在…中amino [4'mi:n4u]a.氨基的ammonia [4'm4uni4]n.氨，氨水amount [4'maunt]n.总额；vi.总计达ample ['1mpl]a.充足的amplify ['1mplifai]vt.放大(声音等)；增强amuse [4'mju:z]v.逗乐，逗笑amusement [4'mju:zm4nt] n.娱乐，消遣analogy [4'n1l4d9i]n.类比，类推；类似物analysis [4'n1l4sis]n.分析analyze ['1n4laiz]vt.分析，研究anatomy [4'n1t4mi]n.解剖构造；解剖ancestor ['1nsest4(r)]n.祖先anchor ['16k4(r)]vt.紧固，使固定ancient ['ein54nt]a.古代的；古老的angle ['16gl]n.角；角度animation [`1ni'mei5n]n.动画制作announce [4'nauns]vt.宣布；通告annoyed [4'n3id]a.生气的annual ['1nju4l]a.每年的；一年一度的anthropology [`1n7r4'p3l4d9i] n.人类学antibiotic [`1ntibai'3tik]n.[常pl.]抗生素；a.抗生的anticipate [1n'tisipeit]vt.预见，预期antique [1n'ti:k]n.古董apartment [4'p2:tm4nt]n.公寓住宅apparent [4'p1r4nt]a.显然的，明显的appeal [4'pi:l]n.吸引力；vi.吸引；上诉appetite ['1pitait]n.胃口，食欲applaud [4'pl3:d]vi.鼓掌喝彩；称赞applicable ['1plik4bl]a.可应用的，可实施的applicant ['1plik4nt]n.申请者appointment [4'p3intm4nt]n.约会，约定appreciate [4'pri:5ieit]vt.赏识，鉴赏；感激approach [4'pr4ut5]vt./n.接近；n.方法，手段appropriate [4'pr4upri4t,4'pr4uprieit] a.适当的；vt.拨款；占用approve [4'pru:v]vt.批准；vi.赞成approximate [4'pr3ksimeit,4'pr3ksim4t] v.近似；a.大约的aquarium [4'kwe4ri4m]n.养鱼池；水族馆aquatic [4'kw1tik]a.水生的；水中(上)的archaeology [`2:ki'3l4d9i]n.考古学architect ['2:kitekt]n.建筑师arid ['1rid]a.干旱的；贫瘠的arithmetic [4'ri7m4tik]n.算术arrange [4'reind9]vt.布置；安排；筹备array [4'rei]n.一系列articulate [2:'tikjul4t;2:'tikjuleit]a.有关节的;vt.明确有力地表达artifact ['2:tif1kt]n.人工制品；[常pl.]史前古器物artificial [`2:ti'fi5l]a.人造的；假的artisan [`2:ti'z1n; U S '2:rtizn]n.工匠，手艺人artistic [2:'tistik]a.艺术(家)的ascending [4'sendi6]a.上升的，向上的ascribe [4'skraib]vt.(to)把…归于aspect ['1spekt]n.方面assemble [4'sembl]vt.集合；装配assert [4's4:t]vt.断言，声称assign [4'sain]v.指派；分配；布置(作业)associate [4's4u5ieit, 4's4u5i4t]v.关联；结交；n.伙伴；a.副的; 准的(比正式的低一级)assume [4'sju:m; U S 4'su:m]vt.假定；承担assure [4'53:(r); U S 4'5u4r]vt.确保；使确信asteroid ['1st4r3id]n.小行星astronomy [4'str3n4mi]n.天文学athlete ['17li:t]n.运动员atmosphere ['1tm4sfi4(r)] n.大气，空气；气氛atomic [4't3mik]a.原子的；原子能的attach [4't1t5]vt.连接；贴上，依附于attain [4'tein]vt.达到；获得attempt [4'tempt]n./vi.尝试，努力attendance [4'tend4ns]n.出席；出席人数attract [4'tr1kt]vt.吸引attractive [4'tr1ktiv]a.吸引人的，有魅力的attribute ['1tribju:t;4'tribju:t] n.属性;vt.把…归结于auction ['3:k5n]n.拍卖audience ['3:di4ns]n.听众；观众audio ['3:di4u]a.音频的；声音的audit ['3:dit]vt.旁听audition [3:'di5n]n.旁听；试唱auditorium [`3:di't3:ri4m]n.礼堂augment [3:g'ment]vt.增大，增加authority [3:'73r4ti]n.权威人士；权力；当局authorize ['3:74raiz]v.授权，批准，许可automatic [`3:t4'm1tik]a.自动的automobile ['3:t4m4bi:l]n.汽车available [4'veil4bl]a.可得到的；可利用的；有空的avalanche ['1v4l2:n5; U S 1v4l1nt5] n.雪崩，山崩avenue ['1v4nju:; U S -nu:]n.途径；大街avert [4'v4:t]vt.避免，规避aviation [`eivi'ei5n]n.航空，航空学；飞行avoid [4'v3id]vt.避免，规避aware [4'we4(r)]a.知道的；意识到的awareness [4'we4nis]n.知道，注意awful ['3:fl]a.不舒服的；糟糕的；可怕的awkward ['3:kw4d]a.别扭的；笨拙的axis ['1ksis]n.轴Babylonian [`b1bi'l4unj4n]a.巴比伦的backlighting ['b1klaiti6] n.逆光bake [beik]v.烘，烤balcony ['b1lk4ni]n.包厢bald [b3:ld]a.光秃的banner ['b1n4]n.横幅barbecue ['b2:bikju:] n.烧烤野餐bare [be4]a.赤裸的barge [b2:d9]n.驳船，游艇bark [b2:k]n.树皮barn [b2:n]n.谷仓；牲口棚barrel ['b1r4l]n.桶barren ['b1r4n]a.贫瘠的，荒芜的barrier ['b1ri4(r)]n.栅栏；屏障barter ['b2:t4(r)]n./v.实物交易basin ['beisn]n.盆地battery ['b1t4ri]n.电池bead [bi:d]n.珠子，水珠beak [bi:k]n.鸟嘴，喙beam [bi:m]n.束；横梁beat [bi:t]v.敲打；n.拍子；a.疲惫的beaver ['bi:v4(r)]n.海狸behave [bi'heiv]vi.行为，表现behavior [bi'heivj4]n.举止，行为belt [belt]n.地带；腰带beneficial [`beni'fi5l]a.有益的，有利的benefit ['benifit]n.利益，好处；v.(使)受益besiege [bi'si:d9]vt.包围beverage ['bev4rid9]n.饮料bias ['bai4s]n.偏见bill [bil]n.账单，票据；议案；钞票；(似)鸟嘴bind [baind]v.使结合，绑；装订biography [bai'3gr4fi]n.传记bison ['baisn]n.美洲或欧洲的野牛blade [bleid]n.刃，刀片bland [bl1nd]a.无味的blanket ['bl16kit]n.毛毯；覆盖物blast [bl2:st]n.一股；v.爆发；发出尖响bleach [bli:t5]n.漂白剂blend [blend]v./n.混合blip [blip]n.雷达上显示的点blizzard ['bliz4d]n.大风雪block [bl3k]vt.阻塞；n.一块；街区bloom [blu:m]n.花；vi.开花blossom ['bl3s4m]n.花；vi.开花blur [bl4:(r)]v.使…模糊board [b3:d]n.委员会；膳食费用；板boast [b4ust]v./n.自我夸耀bog [b3g]n.沼泽bold [b4uld]a.大胆的bond [b3nd]n.联结，粘结；债券；化学键bony ['b4uni]a.瘦骨嶙峋的boom [bu:m]n.繁荣；vi.迅速增长boost [bu:st]vt.提高，推进botany ['b3t4ni]n.植物学boulder ['b4uld4(r)]n.大石头bounce [bauns]v./n.(使)弹，(使)反弹bound [baund]a.被束缚的，被要求的；n.[常pl.]界限boundary ['baundri]n.分界线；边界brand [br1nd]n.商标brass [br2:s; U S br1s]n.黄铜(器)；铜管乐器breakthrough ['breik7ru:]n.突破breed [bri:d]n.品种；vt.饲养；繁殖breeze [bri:z]n.微风brief [bri:f]a.简短的，短暂的brighten ['braitn]v.使快活brilliance ['brili4ns]n.光辉；显赫brilliant ['brili4nt]a.闪耀的；杰出的brittle ['britl]a.易碎的brochure ['br4u54(r); U S br4u'5u4r] n.小册子bronze [br3nz]n.青铜brush [br85]n.毛笔；v.刷，拂bubble ['b8bl]n.(气、水)泡；v.起泡buck [b8k]n.美元buckle ['b8kl]n.皮带扣环；v.扣紧bud [b8d]n.芽，蓓蕾buddy ['b8di]n.密友，伙伴budget ['b8d9it]n.预算buffalo ['b8f4l4u]n.水牛bulb [b8lb]n.植物的球茎，球形物；灯泡bulk [b8lk]n.体积；大部分bulletin ['bul4tin]n.简明新闻；公告bump [b8mp]v.撞(破)；n.肿块bundle ['b8ndl]n.捆，束；vt.捆bureau ['bju4r4u; U S 'bjur4u] n.局，署burgeon ['b4:d94n]vi.迅速成长，发展burrow ['b8r4u]vi.挖地洞；n.洞穴cabin ['k1bin]n.小屋cabinet ['k1binit]n.内阁；贮藏橱；陈列柜cable ['keibl]n.缆绳；电缆；电报cactus ['k1kt4s]n.[pl.cacti]仙人掌cafeteria [`k1fi'ti4ri4]n.自助餐厅calcium ['k1lsi4m]n.钙calculate ['k1lkjuleit]v.计算；推测；打算calculus ['k1lkjul4s]n.微积分学；结石calendar ['k1lind4]n.(日、月)历；日程表camouflage ['k1m4fl2:9]n./v.掩饰，伪装campaign [k1m'pein]n.竞选活动；vi.竞选；参加战斗candidate ['k1ndidit; U S -deit] n.候选人cannibalism ['k1nib4liz4m] n.嗜食同类canopy ['k1n4pi]n.天篷，遮篷canvas ['k1nv4s]n.帆布；画布canyon ['k1nj4n]n.峡谷capability [`keip4'bil4ti]n.能力；性能；容量capacity [k4'p1siti]n.能力；容量；身份cape [keip]n.海角，岬captive ['k1ptiv]n.俘虏，猎物carbon ['k2:b4n]n.碳cardiac ['k2:di1k]a.心脏的，心脏病的cardinal ['k2:din4l]a.主要的，最重要的；n.红衣凤头鸟cargo ['k2:g4u]n.货物caribou ['k1ribu:]n.北美产驯鹿carnivore ['k2:niv3:]n.肉食动物carp [k2:p]n.鲤鱼cart [k2:t]n.大车；手推车cartilage ['k2:tilid9]n.【解剖】软骨carve [k2:v]vt.切；雕刻cascade [k1s'keid]n.小瀑布cascara [k1'sk2:r4]n.缓泻剂cassette [k4'set]n.盒式录音(或录像)带cast [k2:st; U S k1st]n.铸件；vt.浇铸；投掷catalog ['k1t4l3g; U S -l3:g]n.目录catalyst ['k1t4list]n.催化剂catastrophe [k4't1str4fi]n.突如其来的大灾难category ['k1tig4ri; U S -g3:ri]n.种类；范畴caterpillar ['k1t4pil4]n.毛虫，蝴蝶的幼虫cautious ['k3:54s]a.小心的，谨慎的cavity ['k1viti]n.腔；洞cease [si:s]v./n.结束，停止celebrate ['selibreit]vt.赞美；庆祝celebrated ['selibreitid]a.著名的；有名的celestial [si'lesti4l; U S -t5l]a.天空的cell [sel]n.细胞；单人房间；基层组织census ['sens4s]n.人口普查centennial [sen'teni4l]n.百年纪念ceramic [si'r1mik]n.[常pl.]陶瓷器cereal ['si4ri4l]n.谷类(食品)ceremony ['serim4ni; U S -m4uni] n.典礼，仪式；礼节certificate [s4'tifik4t]n.证(明)书chafe [t5eif]vt.擦热，擦破，擦痛chamber ['t5eimb4]n.房间；洞穴champion ['t51mpi4n]n.冠军；拥护者；vt.支持championship ['t51mpi4n5ip] n.[常pl.]锦标赛channel ['t51nl]n.[常pl.]通道chaos ['kei3s]n.混乱chapel ['t51p4l]n.小礼堂character ['k1rikt4]n.性格；特征；角色characteristic [`k1rikt4'ristik] a.特有的；典型的；n.特性characterize ['k1rikt4raiz] vt.以…为特征；刻画…的性格charcoal ['t52:k4ul]n.木炭chart [t52:t]n.图表；vt.用图说明charter ['t52:t4]n.宪章；vt.特许checked [t5ekt]a.格子花纹的；棋盘状的chief [t5i:f]n.首领；a.主要的；总的chill [t5il]n.寒冷，寒意chilled [t5ild]a.冷冻的chimpanzee [`t5imp4n'zi:] n.黑猩猩chip [t5ip]n.碎片；芯片；v.削(或凿)下chlorine ['kl3:ri:n]n.【化】氯choir ['kwai4]n.唱诗班，合唱队cholesterol [k4'lest4r3l]n.胆固醇choreographer [`k3ri'3gr4f4; U S `k3:ri-]n.舞蹈指导chorus ['k3:r4s]n.合唱队chromosome ['kr4um4s4um]n.染色体chronical ['kr3nikl]a.慢性的，延续很长的circuit ['s4:kit]n.电路，线路circular ['s4:kjul4]a.圆形的；循环的circulation [`s4:kju'lei5n]n.发行额；循环；流通circumference [s4'k8mf4r4ns]n.周边；圆周circumstance ['s4:k4mst4ns]n.环境；境况cite [sait]vt.引用，引证，举例civilian [si'vili4n]a.平民的；民间的claim [kleim]v./n.声称；要求；索赔；n.断言clam [kl1m]n.蛤clamor ['kl1m4]n.吵闹，喧哗clarify ['kl1rifai]vt.澄清；阐明classic ['kl1sik]a.经典的；典型的；n.经典作品；[pl.]古典文学classify ['kl1sifai]vt.分类；分等clay [klei]n.泥土，粘土client ['klai4nt]n.委托人，当事人；顾客cliff [klif]n.悬崖，绝壁cling [kli6]vi.附着；紧贴clipper ['klip4]n.快速帆船closet ['kl3zit]n.壁橱；a.隐蔽的clue [klu:]n.线索；提示clump [kl8mp]n.土块；vi.丛生，成群clumsy ['kl8mzi]a.笨拙的cluster ['kl8st4]n.串，丛；群；vt.丛生；使成群clutch [kl8t5]n.一次所孵的卵(或蛋)；v.企图抓住，抓紧coarse [k3:s]a.粗(糙)的coax [k4uks]vt.(巧妙地)处理code [k4ud]n.密码，代码；法规；v.把…编码coexist [`k4uig'zist]vi.共存cognition [k3g'ni5n]n.认知，认识(力)coherent [`k4u'hi4r4nt]a.有条理的；相干的cohesion [k4u'hi:94n]n.【物理】内聚力；凝聚力；团结，结合coil [k3il]n.卷，线圈；vt.盘绕coincide [`k4uin'said]vi.一致；相巧合collaborator [k4'l1b4reit4]n.合作者collapse [k4'l1ps]v./n.崩溃，倒塌collect [k4'lekt]v.收集；聚集；adv./a.(打电话)由对方付费(的) collectively [k4'lektivli]adv.全体地，共同地collide [k4'laid]v.碰撞；冲突colonize ['k3l4naiz]vt.开拓(或建立)殖民地；移居于colony ['k3l4ni]n.殖民地；(生物)群体column ['k3l4m]n.圆柱；专栏；长列combat ['k3mb1t]n./v.格斗，战斗combination [`k3mbi'nei5n]n.结合(体)；化合；组合combine [k4m'bain]v.(使)联合，(使)结合combustible [k4m'b8st4bl]a.可燃的，易燃的comedy ['k3midi]n.喜剧comet ['k3mit]n.彗星comic ['k3mik]a.滑稽的，喜剧的command [k4'm2:nd; U S -'m1nd]n./v.命令；指挥，掌握commemorate [k4'mem4reit]v.纪念，庆祝comment ['k3ment]n./vi.评论；注释commentary ['k3m4ntri; U S -teri]n.评论，注释commerce ['k3m4:s]n.贸易，商业commission [k4'mi5n]n.委任；vt.委托，授命commit [k4'mit]vt.承诺；负责；犯(错)commitment [k4'mitm4nt]n.承诺；支持；允许；致力，献身committee [k4'miti]n.委员会commodity [k4'm3diti]n.商品；日用品communal ['k3mjunl]a.公共的；社区的communicate [k4'mju:nikeit]vt.通信，沟通；传达，传播community [k4'mju:niti]n.社团；社会；群落commute [k4'mju:t]v.坐公交车上下班compact [k4m'p1kt]a.紧凑的；简洁的；vt.压缩companion [k4m'p1ni4n]n.同伴，共事者comparable ['k3mp4r4b4l]a.(with，to)可比较的，类似的；比得上的comparative [k4m'p1r4tiv]a.比较的；相当的，接近的comparison [k4m'p1ris4n]n.比较；比喻compass ['k8mp4s]n.罗盘；[pl.] 圆规；范围compatible [k4m'p1t4b4l]a.协调的，一致的compel [k4m'pel]v.驱使compensate ['k3mpenseit]vt.赔偿，弥补compete [k4m'pi:t]v.比得上；竞争，对抗competence ['k3mp4t4ns]n.胜任；能力compile [k4m'pail]v.汇编；编辑complement ['k3mplim4nt]vt.补充，使完善；与…相配complementary [`k3mpli'mentri]a.补充的；互补的completion [k4m'pli:5n]n.完成，实现complex ['k3mpleks; U S k4m'pleks]a.综合的；错综的，难以理解的；n.综合体complicated ['k3mplikeitid]a.难懂的；复杂的compliment ['k3mplim4nt]v./n.赞美，恭维；n.[常pl.]问候comply [k4m'plai]v.服从，遵守component [k4m'p4un4nt]n.成分，组成部分；a.构成的compose [k4m'p4uz]vt.创作；组成；使安定composition [`k3mp4'zi5n] n.成分，构成；作品，作文compound ['k3mpaund]n.混(化)合物；a.复合的comprehend [`k3mpri'hend] v.理解，领会compress [k4m'pres]vt.压缩；缩短comprise [k4m'praiz]vt.包含；由…组成compromise ['k3mpr4maiz] n.妥协，折衷conceal [k4n'si:l]vt.隐蔽，隐瞒concede [k4n'si:d]v.承认；让步conceive [k4n'si:v]vt.以为；构思，设想concentration [`k3ns4n'trei5n] n.专心；集中；浓度concept ['k3nsept]n.概念，思想concert ['k3ns4t]n.一致；音乐会concise [k4n'sais]a.简明的，简练的conclude [k4n'klu:d]v.作出结论；使…完毕conclusive [k4n'klu:siv]a.确定的，最后的concrete ['k36kri:t]n.混凝土；a.具体的condensation [`k3nden'sei5n] n.浓缩，凝结condense [k4n'dens]v.(使)压缩；(使)凝结conduct ['k3nd8kt,k4n'd8kt]n.行为； vt.引导，传导，进行conductivity [`k3nd8k'tiviti]n.传导性conductor [k4n'd8kt4]n.导体；(乐队等的)指挥confederacy [k4n'fed4r4si]n.联盟confer [k4n'f4:]vi.授予conference ['k3nf4r4ns]n.会议；讨论会confession [k4n'fe5n]n.供认，承认confidence ['k3nfid4ns]n.信心configuration [k4n`fig4'rei5n; U S-`figju'rei5n]n.构造，外形confine [k4n'fain]vt.(to)限制confirm [k4n'f4:m]vt.证实；使巩固；批准conflict ['k3nflikt,k4n'flikt]n.冲突，不一致，争论； v.冲突，不一致，争论conform [k4n'f3:m]vi.遵守，符合；适应confront [k4n'fr8nt]vt.使面临；对抗congenial [k4n'd9i:ni4l]a.性格温和的；相宜的congestion [k4n'd9est5n]n.拥塞congress ['k36gres; U S -gr4s]n.议会，国会；(代表)大会conscious ['k3n54s]a.有知觉的；有意识的consciously ['k3n54sli]adv.有意识地，自觉地consent [k4n'sent]v./n.同意，赞成consequence ['k3nsikw4ns]n.结果；影响；推理consequently ['k3nsikw4ntli]adv.因此，从而conservation [`k3ns4'vei5n]n.保守，保存，保持；守恒conserve [k4n's4:v]vt.保存，保藏considerable [k4n'sid4r4bl]a.相当大(或多)的；值得考虑的，重要的considerate [k4n'sid4rit]a.考虑周到的，体贴的consistent [k4n'sist4nt]a.一致的；稳定的；调和的；始终如一的consistently [k4n'sist4ntli]adv.一贯地consonant ['k3ns4n4nt]a.协调的consort [k4n's3:t]vi.结交constant ['k3nst4nt]a.稳定的；不变的，持续的constantly ['k3nst4ntli]adv.不断地，坚持不懈地；经常地constituent [k4n'stitju4nt]n.要素，组分；选民constitute ['k3nstitju:t]v.组成；设立；制定constitution [`k3nsti'tju:5n; U S -'tu:5n]n.宪法，章程constrain [k4n'strein]vt.束缚，限制constricted [k4n'striktid]a.狭窄的；收缩的construct [k4n'str8kt]v.建造；创立consult [k4n's8lt]v.请教，商议；参考，翻阅consume [k4n'sju:m; U S -'su:m]vt.消耗，消费；大吃大喝consumption [k4n's8mp5n]n.消耗(量)，消费(量)；食用contagious [k4n'teid94s]a.传染性的，有感染力的contain [k4n'tein]vt.包含，容纳；控制contaminate [k4n't1mineit]vt.污染contemporary [k4n'tempr4ri; U S -p4reri] a.当代的，现在的；n.同时代的人content [k4n'tent,'k3ntent]a.满足的；n.[常pl.]内容，容量contest ['k3ntest]n.竞赛；辩论context ['k3ntekst]n.上下文；背景；环境continent ['k3ntin4nt]n.大陆continuation [k4n`tinju'ei5n]n.延长，延续continuity [`k3nti'nju:4ti; U S -'nu:-]n.连贯性，连续性continuum [k4n'tinju4m]n.连续统一体contour ['k3ntu4]n.轮廓；等高线，周线contract ['k3ntr1kt,k4n'tr1kt]n.合同，契约； v.订合同，收缩contrast ['k3ntr2:st; U S -tr1st,k4n'tr2:st; U S -'tr1st]n.对比，对照；v.对比，对照contribute [k4n'tribju:t]v.贡献，捐赠；有助于；投稿controversy ['k3ntr4v4:si]n.争论，辩论convection [k4n'vek5n]n.对流；传送convenience [k4n'vi:ni4ns]n.便利；便利设施convention [k4n'ven5n]n.惯例；公约；(正式)会议conventional [k4n'ven5nl]a.传统的，惯例的converge [k4n'v4:d9]v.会聚，聚合conversation [`k3nv4'sei5n]n.交谈；会话converse [k4n'v4:s]vi.交谈convert [k4n'v4:t]vt.使…改变信仰；使转化(换)convey [k4n'vei]v.运(送、输)；传达convict [k4n'vikt]v.定罪，宣告…有罪convince [k4n'vins]v.使确信，说服cooperative [k4u'3p4r4tiv]a.合作的，协力的coordinate [k4u'3:dineit]vt.协调，相配合copper ['k3p4]n.铜(币)coral ['k3r4l; U S 'k3:r4l ]n.珊瑚(虫)；a.珊瑚色的，珊瑚红的corona [k4'r4un4]n.日冕，光环corporate ['k3:p4rit]a.共同的；公司的correspond [`k3ri'sp3nd; U S `k3:r-]v.相符合；相应correspondence [`k3ri'sp3nd4ns; U S `k3:r-] n.信件；通信；相应corrosion [k4'r4u94n]n.腐蚀(状态)，侵蚀corrosive [k4'r4usiv]a.腐蚀(性)的cosmic ['k3zmik]a.宇宙的cosmos ['k3zm3s]n.宇宙costume ['k3stju:m; U S -tu:m]n.服饰；vt.装束counseling ['kauns4li6]n.咨询服务counselor ['kauns4l4]n.顾问，法律顾问counteract [`kaunt4'r1kt]vt.消除，抵消counterpart ['kaunt4p2:t]n.相对物，极相似之人或物；副本coupon ['ku:p3n]n.礼券，优惠券court [k3:t]n.法院；球场crab [kr1b]n.蟹crack [kr1k]v.(使)破裂；n.裂(缝、纹)craft [kr2:ft; U S k1ft]n.工艺；v.手工制作cramped ['kr1mpt]a.(指空间)狭小的，狭窄的crater ['kreit4]n.火山口；(弹)坑crawl [kr3:l]v./n.缓慢(或费力)地行进，爬行creativity [`kri:ei'tiviti]n.创造(力)credential [kri'den5l]n.证明书，文凭，资格credit ['kredit]n.荣誉；学分；信用；银行存款；v.(to)把…归给crest [krest]n.顶部crew [kru:]n.全体船员；全体工作人员crippling ['kripli6]a.令人震惊的crisscross ['kriskr3s; U S -kr3:s]vt.交叉往来criterion [krai'ti4ri4n]n.标准critic ['kritik]n.评论家，批评家critical ['kritikl]a.批评的，非难的；非常重要的；危急的critique [kri'ti:k]n.批评，评论crow [kr4u]n.乌鸦crown [kraun]n.王冠；顶，冠crucial ['kru:54l]a.至关重要的，决定性的crude [kru:d]a.天然的，未提炼的；粗糙的crusade [kru:'seid]n.十字军(远征)；运动；v.加入十字军，投身正义运动crush [kr85]v.碾碎；使变形crust [kr8st]n.硬壳，地壳；面包皮crustacean [kr8'stei5n]n.甲壳类动物crystal ['kristl]n.水晶；晶体；a.透明的；结晶状的cube [kju:b]n.立方体，立方cue [kju:]n.暗示，提示cultivate ['k8ltiveit]v.耕种；培养cultivated ['k8ltiveitid]a.栽植的；有修养的culture ['k8lt54]n.文化，文明；培养；vt.培养cumbersome ['k8mb4s4m]a.笨重的；麻烦的cuneiform ['kju:nif3:m;U S kju:'ni4f3:rm]a.楔性的；n.楔形文字curiosity [`kju4ri'3siti]n.好奇心current ['k8r4nt]a.当前的；n.(液体、气体的)流；趋势curriculum [k4'rikjul4m]n.[pl.curricula]课程curve [k4:v]n.曲线，弯曲；v.弄弯cushion ['ku5n]n.垫子；v.缓冲custom ['k8st4m]n.[常pl.]进口税；海关cylinder ['silind4]n.圆柱体；气缸dairy ['de4ri]n.牛奶场；奶制品dam [d1m]n.坝，堤damp [d1mp]a.潮湿的dated ['deitid]a.过时的dawn [d3:n]n.黎明；开端dazzling ['d1zli6]a.眼花缭乱的，耀眼的deadline ['dedlain]n.最后期限，截止时间deadly ['dedli]a.致命的dealer ['di:l4(r)]n.商人，小贩debate [di'beit]n./v.辩论；讨论，争论debris ['deibri:; U S d4'bri:]n.废墟，残骸；碎片debut ['deibju:; U S di'bju:]n./v.首次演出decade ['dekeid]n.十年decay [di'kei]v./n.腐烂；衰落deceive [di'si:v]v.欺骗decent ['di:snt]a.体面的；适当的；令人满意的deceptive [di'septiv]a.欺骗性的deciduous [di'sidju4s]a.每年落叶的decipher [di'saif4(r)]v.破译，解释declaration [`dekl4'rei5n]n.宣言declare [di'kle4(r)]v.表明；宣称decline [di'klain]n./v.下降(；衰退decode [`di:'k4ud]vt.译解decompose [`di:k4m'p4uz] v.分解；(使)腐烂decorate ['dek4reit]v.装饰decrease [di'kri:s]v.减少dedicate ['dedikeit]v.(to)(使)致力于，奉献dedication [`dedi'kei5n]n.奉献；题献词defect ['di:fekt]n.瑕疵；过失defense [di'fens]n.防御，防卫deficiency [di'fi5nsi]n.不足，缺乏deficient [di'fi5nt]a.不足的，缺乏的define [di'fain]v.定义，解释definite ['defin4t]a.清楚的，确切的definitive [di'fin4tiv]a.确定的，最后的deform [di'f3:m]v.(使)变形delegate ['del4git,'deligeit]n.代表； vt.授权deliberate [di'lib4r4t]a.审慎的，深思熟虑的delicate ['delik4t]a.易损的；微妙的；精巧的delicious [di'li54s]a.美味的，可口的delight [di'lait]n.使人高兴的东西；v.(使)愉快deliver [di'liv4(r)]v.传送，传递；陈述delta ['delt4]n.(河流的)三角洲demanding [di'm2:ndi6; U S di'm1ndi6] a.苛求的democrat ['dem4kr1t]n.[Democrat] 美国民主党人democratic [`dem4'kr1tik]a.民主的demolish [di'm3li5]vt.拆除；破坏demonstrate ['dem4nstreit]v.论证，表明denote [di'n4ut]v.表示dense [dens]a.密集的，浓厚的dentist ['dentist]n.牙科医生deny [di'nai]v.否认；拒绝depart [di'p2:t]v.离开；背离depend [di'pend]v.(on)依靠，依赖；取决于depict [di'pikt]v.描写，描述；描绘deplete [di'pli:t]v.(使)枯竭，耗尽deposit [di'p3zit]v.沉淀；堆积；存款；n.堆积物depression [di'pre5n]n.萧条(期)；坑；低气压；沮丧deprive [di'praiv]v.(使)失去，剥夺derive [di'raiv]v.(from)得自，源于descend [di'send]v.遗传；下降descent [di'sent]n.血统；下降describe [di'skraib]v.描写，描述；称做descriptive [di'skriptiv]a.描述性的deserted [di'z4:tid]a.荒废的；无人的deserve [di'z4:v]v.应得，值得designate ['dezigneit]v.指定；任命desire [di'zai4(r)]v.想要，渴望；n.愿望，欲望desolate ['des4l4t]a.荒凉的desperate ['desp4r4t]a.令人绝望的dessert [di'z4:t]n.(餐后)甜点destined ['destind]a.注定的destruction [di'str8k54n] n.毁坏，毁灭destructive [di'str8ktiv]a.破坏性的detect [di'tekt]v.发现，察觉；探测detective [di'tektiv]n.侦探；a.侦探的deter [di't4:(r)]v.阻止deteriorate [di'ti4ri4reit] v.变坏；变质determine [di't4:min]v.确定；(使)决定detest [di'test]v.憎恶devastate ['dev4steit]vt.破坏device [di'vais]n.装置，设备；手法devise [di'vaiz]v.设计；发明；想出devoid [di'v3id]a.全无的devote [di'v4ut]v.(to)为…付出(时间、精力等)；献身于；作…之用devour [di'vau4(r)]vt.贪婪地吃；吞食diagnose ['dai4gn4uz; U S `dai4g'n4us]v.诊断diagonal [dai'1g4nl]a.倾斜的；n.斜线dialect ['dai4lekt]n.方言diameter [dai'1mit4(r)]n.直径dictate [dik'teit; U S 'dikteit]v.规定；决定diction ['dik54n]n.措辞，用语diet ['dai4t]n.饮食，食物；vi.节食differentiate [`dif4'ren5ieit]v.(使)不同，区别diffuse [di'fju:z,di'fju:s]v.传播，扩散；a.散开的digest [di'd9est]v.消化，吸收digestive [di'd9estiv]a.消化的；助消化的dignity ['dign4ti]n.尊严；高贵dilemma [di'lem4]n.进退两难的局面dilute [dai'lju:t; U S -'lu:t]vt.稀释；淡化dim [dim]a.模糊的；暗淡的dimension [di'men5n]n.维(数)；尺度；方面；[常pl.]大小diminish [di'mini5]v.减低重要性；(使)变小dinosaur ['dain4s3(r)]n.恐龙dioxide [dai'3ksaid]n.二氧化物diplomat ['dipl4m1t]n.外交官director [di'rekt4(r)]n.导演；主管；负责人directory [di'rekt4ri]n.人名地址录；目录disadvantage [`dis4d'v2:ntid9; U S -'v1n-] n.缺点；不利disaster [di'z2:st4(r); U S diz'1st4]n.灾难；彻底的失败discard [di'sk2:d]v.丢弃discern [di's4:n]vt.洞悉；识别discharge ['dist52:d9,dis't52:d9]n.流出物，放电；v.释放discipline ['disiplin]n.纪律；学科；v.训练；惩罚discount ['diskaunt]n.折扣discrete [di'skri:t]a.分离的discrimination [di`skrimi'nei5n]n.识别，辨别disease [di'zi:z]n.疾病。

TOFEL浓缩复习计划

TOFEL浓缩复习计划第一篇：TOFEL浓缩复习计划第一阶段：背单词，看OG，听力、作文入门所需材料：词汇书一本（推荐王玉梅或词以类记），OG，较为简单的听力材料（推荐Longman综合教材的听力部分或李笑来《高分作文》MP3），作文范文（胡敏《高分作文》，李笑来《高分作文》，顶置下载帖OW03中任选一本均可）复习时间：3-4周，平均每天3-5小时左右。

具体说明：这一阶段，最重要的任务是背单词。

推荐用杨鹏的循环背词法背诵，对于非牛人来说，每天初背200个左右的生词是比较合适的量，而且要记住，复习比初背更重要。

如果有某天实在没有多少时间背单词，哪怕暂停背诵新的词汇，也要优先完成复习任务，尤其是单词的第2、3次复习不能拉下（把单词初背当天的复习作为第1次复习）。

一般来说，初背200个单词每天就要花大致2小时。

复习时间上，复习新背过不久的单词每个list（100个左右）大致花费20-30分钟不等。

复习已经看过3、4遍的list，大致花费5-10分钟不等。

所以单词上每天花费的时间其实并不少，是这一阶段需投入最多精力的部分。

这种大量重复记忆单词的过程是比较枯燥的，而且有些朋友可能非常不适应纯粹的单词记忆（不论是背诵王玉梅等字母序单词书，还是背诵“词以类记”这种意思分类的词汇书），所以推荐大家在背诵书本同时可以听听配套的MP3，让大脑用另一种方式来记忆单词。

如果还是觉得非常难适应，那么可以考虑用胡敏的“读故事记单词”TOEFL版，这书本质上还是一本字母序的TOEFL词汇书，但是每背过若干单词后，就可以用配套的文章来复习这些背过的单词，所以也不失为一个复习的良方。

但这些文章毕竟还是为了串联TOEFL单词而写的，所以有时会有不太自然的硬凑的感觉。

仅次与背单词的任务，就是看OG了。

主要是看OG上解释说明的部分，尤其是对于各个单项的介绍。

通过看OG了解TOEFL考试的概况。

如果时间允许，建议准备一本北极星教师用书（三本不同级别的任何一本皆可），利用里面ETS提供的较为丰富的作文样本、口语录音样本，配合主观题的评分标准，自己研究具体评分细则，从样本里找出扣分的原因。

TOEFL VOCABULARY托福重点词汇大全

Below is a list of words that often appear on theTOEFL test. The underlined sections of a word provide links to definitions of that word's respective roots, prefixes and suffixes. Sentences are provided as examples of word usage.Aact, ag∙react (verb): to act in response to somethingo re + acto How did he react when he heard the news?∙agent (noun): something which acts or acts upon something elseag + ento The travel agent helped her purchase the tickets.∙active (adjective): involving movement, moving abouto act + iveo Joan is an active child.∙agitate (verb): to excite, to disturb, to stir upo agit + ateo The washing machine agitates the load of laundry.aud, audit, aur∙audible ( adjective): can be heardo aud + ibleo Your voice is barely audible over the sound of the train whistle.∙auditorium (noun): a place where one goes to hear somethingo audit+ oriumo The band played in the school auditorium∙auricularo aur + ic + ul + aro The auricular ability of the cat is well-known.am, ami∙amorous (adjective): lovingo amor + ouso The actor played an amorous role.∙amiable (adjective) friendly, agreeableo ami + ableo He seems to be an amiable man.∙amicable (adjective): friendlyo amic + ableo The two neighbors came to an amicable decision about the fence.anim∙animal (noun): a living creatureo anim + alo A dog is an animal.∙animate (verb): to give spirit or support, to supply movemento anim + ateo The artist animated the cartoon.∙animosity (noun): hostility, ill willo animos + ityo There isn't any animosity between us.ann, annu, enni∙annals (noun): record of events, historical recordso ann + al + so The annals of the organization are kept in notebooks.∙annual (adjective): yearlyo annu + alo She is planning on going to the company's annual meeting.∙annuity (noun): money payable yearlyo annu + ityo Joan is going to invest her annuity in the stock market.∙anniversary (noun): the yearly celebration of an evento anni + vers + aryo John's parents will celebrate their wedding anniversary in April.∙perennial (adjective): enduring, persisting for several yearso per + enn + ialo I would like to buy some perennial plants.auc, aug, aut∙author (noun): one that originates or creates, a writero auth + oro Susan met the author of this book.∙augment (verb): to increase, to add too aug + mento He had to augment his salary by taking another job.∙auction (noun): a sale of goods to the highest biddero auct + iono I bought this car at the auction.Bbene∙benevolent (adjective): marked by goodwillo bene + vol + ento The "Salvation Army" is known as a benevolent society for its acts of charity.∙benign (adjective): harmless, mild, gentleo ben + igno The doctor removed a benign tumor from my neck and I went home the same day. biblio∙bibliography (noun): a list of written workso biblio + graph + yo Olaf listed a brief bibliography at the end of his paper.bio, bi∙biology (noun): the study of lifeo bio + log + yo In biology class the students learned about how the human body works.brev∙brief (adjective): shorto briefo Anand gave a brief lecture on the rain forest.∙abbreviate (verb): to shorteno ab + brevi + ateo How does one abbreviate the word "Minnesota"?∙brevity (noun): short or concise expressiono brev + ityo The politician gave short speeches and he became known for his brevity.Ccad, cap, cas, ceiv, cept, cid∙deceive (verb): to cause or allow someone to believe something is true when it is actually false; to misleado de + ceiveo The criminal deceived many people into believing she was honest.∙capable (adjective): having the ability to do something; having the traits necessary to perform some actiono cap + ableo Jose is a very capable lawyer.∙capacious (adective): containing a great dealo capac + iouso You have a capacious library with many unusual books.∙captive (noun, adjective): a person held against his or her own will; held prisonero cap+ tiveo The captives were taken to the jail.o Geoff had a captive audience.∙accident (noun): an unplanned evento ac + cid + ento Don't get upset about minor accidents and errors.∙capture (verb): to gain control of, to gain by efforto capt + ureo In the game of chess, the object is to capture the king.∙occasion (noun): an opportunity; a happening, instance or celebrationo oc + cas + iono Did you have an occasion to speak with your professor?∙receive (verb): to take in, to acquireo re + ceiveo Imelda received many letters in the mail today.∙concept (noun): an ideao con + cepto The concept of using computers in the classroom is relatively new.ceas, cede, ceed, cess∙predecessor (noun): a person who has previously occupied a position that another has taken overo pre + de + cess + oro I hope I can live up to my predecessor's reputation.∙succeed (verb): to follow after another, to do wello suc + ceedo To succeed as a student, one must study.∙recede (verb): to move back, to withdrawo re + cedeo The water receded five days after the flood.∙concede (verb): to accept as true, to yield, to allowo con + cedeo I conceded to her point of view.∙exceed (verb): to go beyond a limit, to be greater thano ex + ceedo The driver exceeded the speed limit by ten miles an hour.∙recess (noun): an indentation, a temporary breako re + cesso The children were given a recess from the lessons.∙deceased (adjective): deado de + ceas + edo The deceased person will be cremated rather than buried.chron∙chronic (adjective): marked by a long period of time, recurrenceo chron + ico Gabrielle has a chronic back disorder and cannot lift heavy objects.∙chronicle (noun): a historical account arranged in order of timeo chron + icleo The teacher asked us to read a chronicle on the Revolutionary War.∙chronological (adjective): arranged in order of timeo chrono + log + icalo The text book listed the presidents in chronological order.clam, claim∙acclaim (verb): praiseo ac + claimo The restaurant is acclaimed for its desserts.∙exclaim (verb): to speak loudly, to cry out in surpriseo ex + claimo The children exclaimed "hurray" when they heard there would be no classes tomorrow.∙clamor (noun, verb): n. noise, v. to make noiseo clam + oro The children clamored for more ice cream.∙proclaim (verb): to declare loudlyo pro + claimo The president of the university proclaimed March 21 to be a holiday in honor of theschool's award winning faculty.cogn, gnos∙cognizant (adjective): awareo cogniz + anto The man was cognizant of the danger of walking through the park at night.∙diagnose (verb): to recognize (diseases) by symptomso dia + gnoseo The patient was diagnosed with Lyme's disease.∙agnostic (noun): one who believes that any ultimate reality is unknowableo ag + gnost + ico John is unsure of the reality of god and considers himself to be an agnostic.∙recognize (verb): to know, to identifyo re + cogn + izeo I thought I recognized your face from somewhere.corp∙corpse (noun): a dead bodyo corpseo A corpse was found floating in the river.∙corpulent (adjective): having a large bodyo corp + ul + ento The corpulent politician jabbed a fat finger in the air.∙incorporate (verb): to unite into one beingo in + corp + or + ateo The artist incorporated paint, photographs, and fabric into her artwork.∙corporate (adjective): formed into a body or association, united in one groupo corp + or + ateo The corporate structure allowed many people to work as a group.cre, cresc, cret∙crescent (noun, adjective): a narrow curved shape; a quarter moon or smallero cresc + ento The crescent moon could be glimpsed through the clouds.∙create (verb): to originate, to produce through imaginationo cre + ateo The musician created a new musical arrangement.∙accretion (verb): growth by gradual additiono ac + cret + iono The accretion of dirt on windows is sometimes hard to detect.∙increase (verb): to grow in size or amounto in + crease Alfonse wishes he could find a way to increase his salary.cred∙credible (adjective): can be believed, reasonableo cred + ibleo The witness gave a credible account of the accident.∙credulous (adjective): too ready to believeo cred + ul + ouso The credulous child believed the story about flying horses.∙incredible (adjective): unbelievable, amazingo in + cred + ibleo Makiko said she just saw an incredible horror movie.cour, cur, curr, curs∙excursion (noun): a tripo ex + curs + iono The father planned an excursion to the zoo for his children.∙discourse (noun, verb): a conversation, to talko dis + courseo The discourse between the speaker and the audience was informal.∙courier (noun): a messengero couri + ero The courier gave the message to the secretary.∙course (noun, verb): forward movement, movement from point to point; to run along a path o courseo Blood courses through your veins with every beat of your heart.∙occur (verb): to happen, to come to mindo oc + curo It just occurred to me that tomorrow is your birthday.∙current (adjective, noun): happening now, up to date; the movement of watero curr + ento Is this information current or out of date?Ddic, dict, dit∙dictionary (noun): a book of definitionso dict + ion + aryo Juliana looked up the word in the dictionary.∙condition (noun): the state of something or someoneo con + dit + iono Is your car in good condition?∙indicate (verb): to show, to point outo in + dic + ateo The gas gauge indicates that we are almost out of gas.∙dictate (verb): to speak for a person to record, to issue an ordero dict + ateo The lawyer dictated the letter to her secretary.∙predict (verb): to say what will happen in the futureo pre + dicto Joseph predicts that he will get married in ten years.∙addict (verb): to be devoted to something in an obsessive mannero ad + dicto Leslie is addicted to betting on the horse races.doc, doct∙doctor (noun): a person who has received the highest degree a university offers, a physician o doct + oro Andre is going to medical school so that he can be a doctor like his mother.∙doctrine (noun): something that is taught, dogmao doctr + ineo We learned about the doctrine of "manifest destiny" in our American history class.∙docile (adjective): obedient, easily taughto doc + ileo Mrs. Galindez wants to buy a docile dog for her son.∙document (noun): an official papero docu + mento The library houses many government documents in its collection.dog, dox∙orthodox (adjective): holding conventional beliefso ortho + doxo I don't know if my interpretation of that book is orthodox or not.∙dogma (noun): an established opiniono dog + mao Some people find the dogma associated with that organization disturbing.∙paradox (noun): a statement that seems to contradict itself but contains some trutho para + doxo The paradox of the matter is that I want to see the opera but I also want to stay home. dec, dign∙decorate (verb): to make something look attractive or suitableo dec + or + ateo Linda decorated her apartment with paintings and plants.∙decent (adjective): conforming to standards, good, kindo dec + ento This magazine contains a decent article on home improvement.∙dignity (noun): quality of being worthy, noble, honoredo dign + ityo I haven't yet had the dignity and honor of being grand marshall of the parade.duc, duct∙conduct (verb, noun): v. to lead or guide, n. a person's behavioro con + ducto Jared was conducted into the doctor's office by the nurse.o Arnelle's conduct was inexcusable and she should apologize to the class.∙educate (verb): to train, to provide schooling foro e + duc + ateo The school tries to educate its students to be productive members of society.∙induct (verb): to install in office or to enroll in military serviceo in + ducto Mindy was inducted into the army last month.∙deduct (verb): to subtracto de + ducto The salesperson deducted five dollars off the purchase price of the radio.∙deduce (verb): to make a decision or draw a conclusion by reasoningo de + duceo I deduced from the trail of crumbs and the empty milk carton that the children werehome.∙produce (verb, noun): to bring forward, to make to bear or yield; something made or grown o pro + duceo The lawyer produced new evidence at the trial.o The produce from the farm will go to the market next week.∙seduce (verb): to persuade (especially into doing something wrong), to tempto se + duceo Money and power have been known to seduce many honest people.∙induce (verb): to persuade, cause, or bring about by artificial means.o in + duceo If a child swallows poison, it is suggested that vomiting should be induced.Eev, et∙eternal (adjective): not effected by time, without beginning or end, ceaselesso etern + alo The lecture seemed eternal and many in the audience had fallen asleep.∙medieval (adjective): relating to the Middle Ages (500 - 1500 AD)o med + ievalo There are many styles to medieval architecture and a building built in 500 AD looksdifferent from one built in 1000 AD.Ffict, feign, fain∙faint (adjective, verb): indistinct, not clearly perceived, weak; to lose consciousness from lack of blood to the braino fainto There is a faint odor of apples in this room.o Some people faint at the sight of blood.∙feign (verb): to pretendo feigno The child feigned illness in an attempt to avoid the test.∙fiction (noun): something produce from imagination, an invented storyo fict + iono The excuse Marvin just gave for not doing his homework is pure fiction.fig∙effigy (noun): a figure representing a disliked person.o e f + fig + yo The children made an effigy of their nasty neighbor.∙figure (noun): shape, pattern, drawingo fig + ureo The figure Louise drew on the paper looks nothing like an apple.∙figment (noun): a thing that does not exist, something made upo fig + mento Ghosts and monsters are figments of an active imagination.fac, fact, fec, fic, fas, fea∙fashion (noun, verb): the form of something, style; to give shape or form too fash + iono The current fashion is hair worn short.∙feasible (adjective): capable of being doneo feas + ibleo The engineer thought that building the bridge across the river was a feasible project.∙feature (noun, verb): the appearance or form of a person or object; to picture or portrayo feat + ureo Lisette's best feature is her eyes.∙factory (noun): a place where things are made or builto fact + oryo There is a boat factory near the river.∙difficult (adjective): hard to do, troublesome, hard to understando di + fic + ulto The test was difficult and I answered only eight of the ten questions.∙fact (noun): something known to be trueo facto It's a fact that the world is round.∙effect (noun): a change caused by something, a result, influenceo e + fecto The sun's effect on human skin is known to be harmful.fer∙fertile (adjective): productive, bearing or capable of bearing fruit in large quantitieso fert + ileo The land by the river is quite fertile and many crops are grown there.∙refer (verb): to classify within a general category, to send or direct to another sourceo re + fero The patient was referred to a physical therapist for additional treatment.∙infer (verb): to come to a conclusion from facts or ideas, to guesso in + fero Sometimes a reader has to infer from the facts presented in an article what the main idea is about.fid∙diffident (adjective): hesitant in acting, shyo dif + fid + ento The diffident student would not speak in front of the class.∙fidelity (noun): the quality of being faithful, accuracyo fid + el + ityo The fidelity of this video reproduction is quite good.∙confide (verb): to trust, to trust another person with a secreto con + fideo Joan confided in her friend and told her a secret.flu, fluct, flux∙fluent (adjective): capable of moving with ease, able to speak another languageo flu + ento The dancer had a fluent body.o Juanita is fluent in several languages.∙superfluous (adjective): extra, more than is neededo super + flu + ouso Three cherries on my piece of cake is superfluous; I only needed one.∙influence (verb, noun): to have an effect on something; the ability to affect something indirectly o in + flu + enceo It was John's success as a musician that influenced my decision to take guitar lessons.∙fluid (adjective): capable of flowing, a smooth style, liquido flu + ido The ink my new pen is quite fluid and flows evenly across the page.∙fluctuate (verb): to shift back and forth, to move erraticallyo fluctu + ateo My body temperature has been fluctuating all day -- sometimes I'm hot and sometimes I'm cold.form∙format (noun): the shape and size of something, the arrangement of somethingo form + ato The format of this class will be half lecture and half class participation.∙formulate (verb): to prepare from a set of steps (formula), to deviseo form + ul + ateo The chemist formulated a new way of making dish detergent.fract, frag, frai∙fracture (verb, noun): to break, to crack; a broken boneo fract + ure Miguel fractured his arm while skiing.∙fragment (noun): a piece broken off, a part of somethingo frag + mento It bothers me that I can remember only a fragment of the poem rather than the wholepiece.∙frail (adjective): easily broken, not strongo frailo Be careful! That chair is frailGgen, gin∙generally (adverb): in a general manner, usually, with regard to the whole not specificso gen + er + al + lyo Generally, Lance leaves work at 5:00 p.m.∙gingerly (adverb, adjective): carefulo gin + ger + lyo Paulette picked up the antique vase gingerly and placed it on the shelf.∙indigenous (adjective): native, having been born in a specific area or environmento in + di + gen + ouso The tomato plant is indigenous to South America.ge∙geography (noun): a science that describes the earth's surfaceo geo + graph + yo The geography of New York varies from the sandy shores to rocky mountains.gor∙categorize (verb): to place things in classes or sets, to classifyo cate + gor + izeo The professor asked her students to categorize the plants they found.grad, gress, gree∙grade (noun): a stage in a process, a mark indicating qualityo gradeo Ali hopes to receive a passing grade on his midterm exam.∙progress (verb, noun): to move forward; forward movemento pro + gresso Mina progressed to the next level in her French language program.o There hasn't been much progress made in getting the house built -- only the frame is up.∙degree (noun): a step or stage in a process, a rank, a level of intensityo de + greeo There is a high degree of stress associated with being a police officer.graph, graf∙graphic (adjective): written, drawn, vividly showno graph + ico Dominic is planning to study graphic art.∙graffitti (noun): drawings or writing on a wallo graph + ittio Many people find the graffitti on the subway trains disturbing.Hher, hes∙adhere (verb): to sticko ad + hereo Paper often adheres to wet surfaces.∙hesitate (verb): to hold back a decision, to wavero hesit + ateo Don't hesitate to call me if you need help.Jjac, ject, jet∙adjacent (adjective): to lie next too ad + jac + ento You won't have a long walk between classes because the engineering building isadjacent to the chemistry laboratories.∙jettison (verb): to throw away, to cast offo jett + isono The captain of the sinking ship jettisoned the cargo.∙reject (verb): to throw out, unwilling to accepto re + jecto David was rejected by two schools before he found a school that accepted him. jug, junct, just∙adjust (verb): to change or adapt to fit or match somethingo ad + justo Jared has to adjust to his new work schedule.∙conjugal (adjective): of marriage, marital relationshipo con + jug + alo One should think seriously before entering a conjugal relationship.∙junction (noun): the place at which two things joino junct + iono Deborah's house is at the junction of Hill and Maple streets.Llex, leg∙college (noun): a school for higher learning, a group of people having a common purpose o col + legeo Yolanda is going to college to become a lawyer.∙legal (adjective, noun): based on law; conforms to lawo leg + alo Jared is working as a legal secretary for two lawyers in New Yorko Is it legal to own fireworks in Massachusetts or is there a law against them?∙league (noun): a group of people, an associationo leag + ueo There are fifty people participating in the bowling league.lect∙collect (verb): to gather, to bring togethero col + lecto The little girl collected wildflowers for her mother.∙legible (noun): readible, clear enough to reado leg + ibleo His handwriting is quite legible.∙eligible (adjective): qualified, worthy to be choseno e + lig + ibleo Now that Geoffrey is eighteen he is eligible to vote.loc∙locally (adverb): nearby, relative to a certain areao loc + al + lyo The vegetables are grown locally.log∙logic (noun): the study of reasono log + ico Simone is taking a class in logic and she is learning about how to reason.luc∙translucent (adjective): allowing some light to shine througho trans + luc + ento The sheet of paper is translucent when held close to a lightbulb.∙illuminate (verb): to provide with light, to make lighter, to make clearo il + lum + in + ateo The lamp illuminates the room.∙illustrate (verb): to explain by using pictorial examples, to show by using visual exampleso il + lustr + ateo Christopher illustrated his idea on piece of paper for everyone to see.Mman∙management (noun): the act of handling or running something, usually a business.o man + age + mento This store is under new management.mem∙commemorate (verb): to remember an important event through ceremony or observationo com + mem + or + ateo The American Revolution is commemorated every Fourth of July.∙memory (noun): the ability to recall past eventso mem + or + yo Geanine has an excellent memory and she can recall things that happened years ago. ment∙mental (adjective): related to the mindo ment + alo Lauren's mental abilities must be quite good if she achieved a perfect score withouteven studying.∙mention (verb): to cite, to speak about, to refer too ment + iono The instructor forgot to mention that the class was cancelled.min∙minor (adjective): lesser, less importanto min + oro The knife slipped and Marcelle received a minor cut.∙minute (adjective, noun): tiny, very small; sixty secondso min + uteo Even though the speck of dirt on the camera lens was minute, it ruined the photograph.o Terry will be finished in one minute.∙minuscule (adjective): very smallo minusc + uleo The minuscule gem was very hard to see without magnifying glasses.mit, miss∙admit (verb): to accept, to confess, to allow entryo ad + mito I must admit that even though you didn't like the movie I did.∙missive (noun): a letter to be sento miss + iveo Missives were more common one hundred years ago. Today, people use thetelephone.mob, mov, mot∙remove (verb): to take off or to take awayo re + moveo The waiter removed the dirty dishes from the table.∙mobile (adjective): able to moveo mob + ileo Many people drive their mobile homes from North to South, following the warmweather.∙motion (noun): act of moving, actiono mot + iono Many people find the motion of a rocking chair soothing.Nnasc, nat, gnant, nai∙native (adjective): belonging to a place by birth, indigenouso nat +iveo Turkeys are native to North America.∙nascent (adjective): just borno nasc + ento The nascent kittens curled up with their mother.∙pregnant (adjective): having a child developing in the womb, "with child"o pre + gn +ento Linda's dog is pregnant and it will have its puppies in November.∙naive (adjective): lack of experience, not knowledgeable of the worldo nai + veo When Olivia went to New York ten year's ago she was naive, but now she is awell-seasoned traveler.nom∙nominate (verb): to name for officeo nomin + ateo Vittorio nominated Mary for class president.∙synonym (noun): a word with a similar meaning to another word in the same languageo syn + onymo The word "fair" is a synonym for the word "just."nov∙novelty (noun): something newo novel + tyo After six months the novelty of Pierre's new car is starting to wear off.∙novice (noun): a newcomer, a beginner, someone new to somethingo nov + iceo Bjorn is a novice when it comes to playing poker or other card games.Ooper∙operate (verb): to work, to performo oper + ateo People are advised not to operate heavy machinery after drinking alcohol.∙opus (noun): a musical compositiono opuso Vivaldi's opus number three is not as well known as is other compositions.Ppat∙patient (adjective, noun): calm, bearing pain without complaint; a person under medical care o pati + ento Josiah was patient as he waited in line for concert tickets.∙passion (noun): a strong feeling or emotiono pass + iono Barbara has a passion for motorcycle racing.∙sympathy (noun): sharing another person's feelings, the ability to feel for another person's sufferingo sym + path + yo Ching-wei expressed his deepest sympathy when hearing of Mrs. Martin's death.∙pathology (noun): the study of diseaseso patho + log + yo Blaise is studying pathology because he wants to learn about diseases.ped∙impede (verb): to hinder, to slow downo im + pedeo The shackles and chains impeded the prisoner's escape.∙pedestal (noun): a support for a column or other structure, a base for somethingo pedest + alo Johannes put the vase on a pedestal.∙pedestrian (noun): a person walkingo pedestr + iano As soon as the cars stopped, the pedestrians crossed the street.pod∙podium (noun): a platform, an area raised above the surrounding ground, a place at which to speak in front of an audienceo pod + iumo The professor walked up to the podium and spoke into the microphone.pel∙repel (verb): to drive away or push backo re + pelo Does Margo's new jacket repel water?∙pulse (noun): the regular action of blood through arterieso pulseo The nurse felt for the patient's pulse in his neck.pend, pond∙suspend (noun): to hang from, to interrupt, to stopo sus + pendo The light was turned on by a string suspended from the light fixture.∙ponder (verb): to think about, to weigh in one's mindo pond + ero Levi pondered the possibility of going to medical school.phan, fan∙phantom (noun): something seen but having no physical existence, a ghost.o phan + tomo The children told horror stories about phantoms and ghosts.∙fantasy (noun): a creation of the imagination that cannot be real, a daydreamo fantas + yo When Miguel was a child he had a fantasy about being a doctor on the planet Jupiter.。

TOFEL完全手册

appeal n. 吸引力；感染力 appealing a. 有吸引力的 application n. 适用；用途 apply vt. 涂；添加；应用 appoint vt. 任命 appointment n. 任命 apportion vt. 分配 apposite a. 适当的 appraisal n. 评估；估价 appreciable a. 相当可观的；可估量的 apprentice vt. 使当学徒 approach vt. 接近；靠近，n. 方法；态度 appropriate a. 私占，侵占；挪用；拨款 approve vt. 赞成，称许；批准 aquamarine n. 海蓝宝石 arboreal a. 栖于树木的 arcade n. 拱形建筑物 arch vt. 使成弓形 archaeologist n. 考古学家 archaeology n. 考古学 architectural a. 建筑上的 Arctic a. & n. 北极(的) arduous a. 艰苦的 arid a. 干旱的 arithmetic n. 算术；演算 armor n. 盔甲 armour n. 盔甲 arranger n. 改编乐曲的人 arsenal n. 军工厂 arthritis n. 关节炎 article n. 条款，n. 物品 artifact n. 制造物；人工制品 artificial a. 人工的 artisan n. 工匠；手工艺人 artistry n. 艺术才能 aspect n. 方面 asphalt n. 沥青 assemble vt. 召集 assert vt. 坚定地断言；坚持 associate vt. 联接 associate n. 伙伴，同事 association n. 联 abandon vt. 放弃 absenteeism n. 旷工；旷课

托福阅读单词题必背——无老师镇魂词

iBT新托福镇魂单词题（词汇题）全集（打印版）1.3版（2011年10月12日）使用方法：这整个文件，至少要整体反复从头至尾看20遍，务必要求达到看到前面的单词，就马上能联想到后面的单词以及中文的意思。

就像你一看到新托福考试，马上就能联想到“无老师”一样。

^_^但是，并不要求会写，以及会用这些单词，这个文件里面所有的单词，只要认识即可。

更新：2011年10月12日新增58组单词1. a matter of speculation =supposition n. 推断2. a solicitation of =an invitation of n. 垦求;垦请3.abandoned= left a. 被遗弃的4.aberrant= abnormal a. 脱离常轨的,5.abort= quit v. 夭折;中止6.abruptly= suddenly ad. 突然地;意外地7.absorb =appeal v. 吸收;被…吸引8.absorb= learn(学习) v. 吸收9.absorb= take in v. 吸收;被…吸引10.abstract= not concrete a. 抽象的;非实际的11.absurd= ridiculous a. 荒谬的;可笑的12.abundance= large amount n. 大量13.abundance= great number n. 大量14.abundant = affluent a. 丰富的;大量的15.abundant= ample a. 丰富的;大量的16.abundant= numerous a. 丰富的;大量的17.abundant= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的18.abundant= substantial a. 丰富的;大量的19.abundantly= plentifully ad. 丰富地;大量地20.access =reach v. 接近21.accessible =reachable a. 可接近的22.accessible =easy to reach a. 易接近的23.accidental =unexpected a. 意外的;偶然的24.accommodate= provide for v. 提供25.accomplished =achieved a. 实现完成的26.accomplished =skilled a. 熟练的27.account= description n. 说明28.account for= explain v. 说明29.accumulate =collect v. 积累;聚集30.accumulate =pile up v. 积累;聚集聚集31.accurate =correct a. 正确的32.accurately= correctly ad. 正确地33.acknowledge= recognize v. 承认34.actually= in fact ad. 事实上35.added =extra a. 附加的;额外的36.adept =skilled a. 熟练的37.adherent= supporter n. 拥护者38.adjacent =nearby a. 毗连的39.adjacent =neighboring a. 毗连的40.adjust= modify v. 调整;改变…以适应41.administer = manage v. 管理42.admit= let in v. 准许进入43.adopt= enact v. 采用44.advance= improvement n. 发展;增长45.advent= arrival n. 出现;到来46.advent= beginning n. 出现;到来47.affair= matter n. 事件;事情48.afford= provide v. 提供;给予49.aggravate= increase v. 加重;增剧50.aggravate =annoy v. 使恼火51.aggregate= overall a. 聚集的;合计的52.aggregate= combined a. 聚集的;合计的53.agile= astute a. 灵活的;敏捷的54.agile= clever a. 灵活的;敏捷的55.agile= quick and active a. 灵活的;敏捷的56.agile= move and act quickly a. 灵活的;敏捷的57.air= feeling n. 气氛58.alarm= sound v. 警报59.alarm= warning n. 警告60.albeit= although conj. 尽管；虽然61.albeit =even though conj. 尽管；虽然62.allow= enable v. 允许63.allude= suggest v. 暗示64.allude to= refer to phrv. 提到65.ally with= link to v. 结盟66.alter= change to v. 改变67.amazing= remarkable/replacement a. 令人惊讶的/非凡的68.ambiguous =vague a. 不明确的69.ambivalent =mixed a. 矛盾的70.ample= plentiful a. 充足的;丰富的71.ample =spacious a. 宽敞的72.anchor= hold in place v. 使固定73.ancient= old a. 古老的74.ancient =antique a. 古老的75.annihilate= destroy v. 消灭76.annihilate =completely remove v. 消灭77.annually= yearly ad. 每年78.anomaly= irregularity n. 异常的人或物79.antagonist =competitor n. 对手;敌手80.anticipate= expect v. 预期81.antiseptic =clean a. 抗菌的82.antithesis= opposite n. 对立面83.antler =horn n. 鹿角84.anxiety =worry n. 忧虑;担心85.apart from= exception phr. 除了…之外86.apart from =except for phr. 除了…之外87.apparatus= equipment n. 仪器;设备88.apparent =obvious a. 显然的89.apparently= clearly ad. 显然地90.appeal= attraction n. 吸引力91.appealing =attractive a. 有吸引力的92.appear= seem v. 似乎93.appearance= rise n. 出现94.appearance= arrival n. 出现95.appearance= showing up n. 出现96.application= use n. 应用97. appreciable= noticeable a. 相当可观的 98. approach =method n. 方法 99. approach= move toward v. 接近 100. approximately= roughly ad. 大约地 101. architecture= structure n. 构造 102. archive= record v. 存档 103. archive= stock v. 存档 104. archive= store v. 存档 105. arduous= difficult a. 艰巨的 106. arid =dry a. 干旱的 107. arise= emerge v. 出现 108. arrangement= configuration n. 安排;布置 109. array=range n. 一系列 110. article= item n. 物品 111. article= object n. 物品 112. as a rule =in general phr. 通常 113. assert= declare v. 断言;宣称 114. assertion= strong statement n. 断言;主张 115. asset= advantage n. 资产;有利条件 116. assimilate= combine v. 同化 117. assistance= help n. 帮助；协助 118. assorted= various a. 各式各样的 119. assume= believe v. 假定;设想 120. assume= suppose v. 假定;设想 121. assume= take on v. 承担 122. assumption= premise n. 假设 123. astonishing= amazing a. 惊人的 124. astute= clever a. 敏锐的 125. at random= without a definite pattern phr. 随便地; 任意地 126. attachment to= preference for n. 依恋 127. attain =achieve v. 达到;获得 128. attainment =achievement n. 达到;获得 129. attendant= accompanying a. 伴随的 130. attest to =confirm v. 证实 131. attribute= accredit v. 归于;认为 132. attribute =characteristic n. 特点 133. attribute to =credit with v. 归于; 认为 134. attribution =character n. 属性 135. augment= increase v. 增加;提高 136. available =obtainable a. 可获得的 137. avenue= method n. 途径;手段 138. avenue =means n. 途径;手段 139. avid= enthusiastic a. 热中的 140. barely = just ad. 仅仅 141. barge= boat n. 驳船 142. barrier= obstacle n. 障碍 143. barrier =impediment n. 障碍 144. battle= struggle n. 搏斗;奋斗 145. be inclined =tend v. 倾向 146. be accustomed to= get used to phrv. 习惯 147. be aware of =familiar with phrv. 了解 148. be beforehand= foreordain v. 预先 149. be closer resemblance to= be more like phr. 非常相似 150. be consistent with= be compatible with phr. 一致的 151. be entitled to= have the right phrv. 有…权利 152. beckon= invite v. 招唤;引诱 153. become extinct= die out phrv. 灭绝 154. being= creature n. 生命 155. beneficial =advantageous a. 有益的 156. blossom= flourish v. 兴旺 157. blossom= thrive v. 兴旺 158. boast= puff v. 吹嘘 159. boast= exaggerate v. 吹嘘 160. bombard= assail v. 炮击;轰击 161. bombard =assault v. 炮击;轰击 162. bombard =strike v. 炮击;轰击 163. boom= expansion n. 激增;爆涨 164. boon= great benefit n. 利益 165. boost= raise v. 增加;提高 166. boundary= periphery n. 边界 167. branch =division n. 分支 168. breed= reproduce v. 繁殖;饲养 169. brilliant= bright a. 光辉的;明亮的 170. brittle= breakable a. 脆弱的 171. brittle= fragile a. 脆弱的 172. broad appeal =wide popularity a. 广泛的吸引力 173. broadly =generally ad. 大体上 174. broadly= extensively ad. 大体上 175. bulk= majority n. 大部份 176. bulk= large part n. 大部份 177. bulk =major part n. 主体 178. bulk= large portion n. 大部份 179. bulk= great quantity n. 大部份 180. burgeon= expand v. 急速成长 181. bustling= lively a. 活跃的 182. camouflage= disguise v. 伪装 183. camouflage =hide v. 伪装 184. camouflage= decorate(装饰) v. 伪装 185. camouflage= blend with circumstances v. 伪装 186. cardinal= fundamental a. 基本的 187. cargo= shipment n. 船货;货物 188. celebrated= famous a. 着名的 189. central= essential a. 主要的 190. certain= specified a. 指定的 191. chancy =risky a. 冒险的 192. channel =provide v. 提供帮助 193. channel =direct v. 引导 194. channel =guide v. 引导195.chaotic= disorganized a. 混乱的196.cherish =value v. 珍爱197.chief= major a. 主要的198.chisel =carve v. 刻;凿199.choose= opt v. 选择200.chronic= persistent a. 长期的;不断的201.chronic =confirmed a. 长期的;不断的202.chronic= habitual a. 长期的;不断的203.chronic =inveterate a. 长期的;不断的204.chronically=constantly ad. 长期地205.circuitous =indirect a. 迂回的206.circumstance= condition n. 环境;情况207.cite= quote v. 引用208.cite =refer to v. 引用209.classic =typical a. 典型的210.clear =visible a. 容易看见的211.clear= apparent a. 显然的212.cling to= attach to v. 附着213.close= careful a. 严密的;周密的214.clue= hint n. 线索215.coating= cover n. 覆盖层216.coincide with= be as the same time as v. 同时发生217.collaborate= cooperate v. 合作218.collaboration= joint effect n. 合作成果219.collect =gather v. 收集220.collide= hit each other v. 碰撞221.collide with =run into v. 碰撞memorate =celebrate v. 庆祝;纪念pact =concise a. 紧密的;简明的pact= compressed(结实的) a. 紧密的;简明的parable= equivalent a. 可比较的parative = relative a. 相当的pel =push v. 强迫pelling= convincing a. 令人信服的pensate= reimburse v. 赔偿;补偿pensate for =balance phrv. 赔偿;补偿plaint =protest v. 抗议plement= supplement n. 补充物plement= add to v. 补充pletely= totally ad. 完全地plex= elaborate a. 复杂的plex =system n. 复合物;综合体plicated =complex a. 复杂的plicated =made things more difficult a. 复杂的ponent= constituent a. 组成的position= mixture n. 合成物prehensive= understandable a. 能理解的prehensive= complete a. 全部的prise= form v. 组成prise =make up v. 组成245.concern= interest v. 感兴趣246.conclusive= final a. 最后的247.conclusive= ultimate a. 最后的248.conducive= contributive a. 有助于...的249.configuration= arrangement n. 布局;结构250.configuration= form n. 布局;结构251.confine =limit/boundary v. 限制252.confront= face v. 面临253.congeal= solidify v. 使凝结254.consecutive= successive a. 连续的255.consequence= result n. 结果;重要性256.consequence =importance n. 结果;重要性257.consequent= later a. 随后的258.consequent= resultant a. 作为结果的259.consequent =resulting a. 作为结果的260.consequential= significant a. 重要的261.consequently= therefore ad. 因此262.consequently= thus ad. 因此263.conserve= save v. 保存264.consider =think as v. 考虑;认为265.consider =view as v. 考虑;认为266.consider =think about v. 考虑;认为认为267.considerable= substantial/significant a. 相当大的268.consist of =compose of v. 由…组成269.consistent= regular a. 一致的270.consistently= regularly ad. 一致地271.conspicuous= notable a. 明显的272.constant =stable a. 固定的;不变的273.constantly =always ad. 经常;不断地274.constellation =collection n. 一系列;一群275.constellation =combination n. 一系列;一群276.constitution= component n. 构造277.constrain =restrict v. 限制278.constraint= limit n. 限制279.constraint= restriction n. 限制280.consume= eat up v. 消耗;吃;喝吃;喝281.consumed= used up v. 消耗282.contemplate= consider v. 沉思283.contentious= disputed a. 好争吵的284.continual= constant a. 不间断的;连续的285.continuous =uninterrupted a. 连续的;持续的286.contrive= create v. 发明287.contrive= invent v. 发明288.conventional= customary a. 习惯的;惯例的289.conventional= traditional a. 习惯的;惯例的290.converging= concentrating a. 收缩的;会聚的291.convert =transform v. 使转变292.convert into= change to v. 转变成293.convict= condemn v. 宣判294.convict =sentence v. 宣判295.convict =doom(判决) v. 宣判296.conviction= belief n. 相信;信念297.conviction =strong belief n. 坚定的信念298.cope with= handle phrv. 应付;处理299.cope with= deal with phrv. 应付;处理300.copious= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的301.core =center n. 核心;要点302.correspondence= harmony n. 一致303.corroborate= confirm v. 证实;确证304.costly= expensive a. 贵重的;昂贵的305.counsel =advise v. 忠告306.countless= innumerable a. 数量很多的307.counter= oppose v. 反对308.counter of= in the opposite of a. 相反的309.counterpart= version(版本) n. 复本;副本310.counterpart= similitude(类似物) n. 复本;副本311.counterpart= equivalent(同等物) n. 复本;副本312.countervail =compensate v. 抵销;对抗313.countervail= oppose v. 抵销;对抗314.couple =associate v. 与…联系起来315.covered= included a. 隐蔽的;有盖的316.crawl =move v. 爬行;移动317.create= invent v. 创作;产生318.creative= inventive a. 创造的319.crest= peak n. 顶峰320.critical =crucial a. 关键的321.critical= essential a. 关键的322.criticize =debate(争论;辩论) v. 批评;责备323.crucial= important a. 重要的324.crucially= decisively ad. 关键地325.crushed =ground a. 碾碎了的326.cumbersome awkward a. 笨重的;麻烦的327.cumbersome= clumsy a. 笨重的;麻烦的328.cumbersome= unwieldy a. 笨重的;麻烦的329.curb= control v. 控制;遏止330.current =present a. 现在的331.dam= block v. 筑坝;控制332.dangle= hang v. 悬摆;吊333.daring =bold a. 大胆的334.debate= argue v. 辩论;争论335.decimate= destroy v. 大量毁灭336.decimation= destruction n. 大量毁灭337.degree =extent n. 程度338.degree= measure n. 程度339.delicate= dainty a. 易碎的;精美的340.delight= please v. 使高兴341.delight= pleasure n. 高兴;愉快342.deluxe= lavish a. 奢华的343.demand= need n. 需要;需求344.demise =extinction n. 死亡345.demography= population n. 人口统计346.dense= crowded a. 稠密的;密集的347.dense= thick a. 稠密的;密集的348.depend= rely on v. 依赖;依靠依靠349.dependable= reliable a. 可信赖的350.depict= describe v. 描述351.depict= portray v. 描写;描绘352.depletion= drain n. 消耗;用尽353.deposit =accumulate v. 沉积354.deposit= lay down v. 放下;放置355.derive= arise v. 源于;导出356.design =create v. 设计357.designate= identify v. 命名;指定358.detractor= critic(批评者) n. 诽谤者;恶意批评者359.detrimental =harmful a. 有害的;不利的360.deviate= digress v. 偏离361.deviation= departure n. 背离362.devise= create v. 设计;发明363.devoid of= lack of a. 缺乏的364.devoid of= without(prep.) a. 缺乏的365.devoid of= scant of a. 缺乏的366.devoted =dedicated a. 虔诚的;专心致志的367.devoted to =concentrated on a. 虔诚的;专心致志的368.discernible = noticeable a. 可感知到，可注意到的369.dictate= determine v. 口授;命令370.dictate= order v. 命令371.differential= uneven a. 差别的;独特的372.diffuse =travel v. 扩散;散布373.diffuse= spread(out) v. 扩散;散布374.diligent= careful a. 勤奋的375.diligently= carefully ad. 勤奋地376.dilute= reduce v. 稀释;使薄弱377.dim= decrease v. 变暗淡378.disassemble= break apart v. 拆开379.disassemble =break up v. 拆开380.disband =dismiss v. 解散;遣散381.discard= throw away v. 摒弃;丢弃382.discard= throw up v. 摒弃;丢弃丢弃383.discernible= noticeable a. 可辨别的384.discernible= discriminating a. 可辨别的385.discharge= release v. 释放386.disentangle =disband v. 解开387.disgust= distaste v. 厌恶388.disintegrate= break apart v. 分解;碎裂389.disintegrate =fall apart v. 分解;碎裂390.disintegrate= tear apart v. 分解;碎裂391.dismantle =demolish v. 拆开;拆除392.disorder= anarchy n. 混乱393.dispensable= not necessary a. 非必要的394.dispersal =distribution n. 散布;驱散395.displace= move out of position v. 迫使(人)离开396.disposition= temperament n. 性格;性情397.dispute= contention n. 争论;争执398.dispute =argument n. 争论;争执399.dissipate= disperse v. 驱散400.dissipated =dispersed a. 分散的401.dissuade =discourage v. 劝阻402.distinct= clear and recognizable a. 清楚的;明确的403.distinction= difference n. 差别404.distinction= honor n. 荣誉405.distinction= excellence n. 优秀;卓越406.distinctive= characteristic a. 有特色的407.distinguish= notice from the difference v. 区别; 识别408.distribute= spread v. 分配;散布409.distribution= dispersion n. 散布410.distribution =geographic range n. 分布区域411.disturb= upset v. 打乱；扰乱412.diverse= distinct a. 不同的413.diversification= emergence of many varieties n. 多样化414.diversity =variety n. 多样性415.divest =deprive v. 剥夺416.divest =get rid of v. 剥夺417.domestic= home a. 家庭的;国内的418.dormant= hibernated a. 休眠的;不活动的419.dormant= inactive a. 休眠的;不活动的420.dramatically= greatly ad. 戏剧性地421.drastic= extreme a. 激烈的;极端的422.drastically =obviously ad. 大大地;彻底地423.drastically =severely(严重地) ad. 大大地;彻底地424.dual =double a. 双的;双重的425.duplicate= copy v. 复制426.duplicate= repeat n. 复本427.durable= lasting a. 经久的;持久的428.earn= acquire v. 赚得;赢得429.ease= facilitate(使容易) v. 使减轻;使缓和430.eccentric= erratic a. 古怪的;反常的431.eccentric =strange a. 古怪的;反常的432.efface= eliminate v. 消去433.elaborate =detailed a. 精巧的;详尽的434.elaborate= dainty a. 精巧的;详尽的435.elapsed =passed a. 过去的;经过的436.element =weather condition n. （恶劣的）天气437.eliminate= remove v. 排除;消除438.elusive =difficult to catch a. 难懂的;难捉摸的439.emanate= emerge v. 散发;产生440.embark on=start v. 从事(着手)441.embed= insert v. 插入;植入442.embed= implant v. 插入;植入443.embed =enclose v. 插入;植入444.emergence= appearance n. 出现445.emergency =crisis n. 紧急情况446.emergent =developing a. 新兴的447.employ= use v. 利用448.enable =allow v. 使能够449.enactment= establishment n. 制定450.encapsulate= state briefly v. 概述451.encourage= stimulate v. 激励；刺激452.endangered= not abundant a. 濒临绝种的453.endeavor= enterprise n. 努力454.endow= bestow v. 捐赠455.engulf= swallow v. 吞没456.enhance= improve v. 提高;增强457.enhance= intensify v. 提高;增强458.enjoy =experience v. 经历459.enlist= obtain v. 谋取（支持、赞助等）460.enormous= great a. 巨大的461.enrich= enhance v. 使富足462.ensue= result v. 因…产生463.ensuing= subsequent a. 接着发生的464.ensure= guarantee v. 保证;担保465.entail=l involve v. 牵涉466.enthusiastic= eager a. 热情的467.environment= setting n. 环境468.ephemeral =short-lived a. 短暂的469.ephemeral =transient a. 短暂的470.episode= event n. 事件471.equilibrium= balance n. 平衡472.era =period n. 时代;年代473.eradicate= remove completely v. 根除;消灭474.erect =build v. 建立475.erratic= unpredictable a. 不稳定的;古怪的476.erratic= irregular a. 不稳定的;古怪的477.escalate= extend v. 逐步扩大478.essential= crucial a. 极重要的479.established =qualified a. 已制定的480.establishment =formation(构成) n. 建立;创立481.estimate= projection n. 估计482.estimation =evaluation n. 估计483.euphoric= extremely happy a. 心情愉快的484.evaluate= judge v. 评价485.eventual= later a. 最后的486.eventually= later ad. 最后487.eventually= ultimately ad. 最后488.evidence= proof n. 证据489.evident= apparent a. 明显的490.evident =obvious a. 明显的491.evoke= arouse v. 唤起;引起492.evoke= draw v. 唤起;引起493.evoke=produce v. 唤起;引起494.evoke= promote v. 唤起;引起495.evoke= stimulate v. 唤起;引起496.evoke =create in the mind v. 唤起; 引起497.exaggerate =overstate v. 夸张;夸大498.excavate =dig out v. 挖掘499.excavation =dug-out n. 挖掘500.exceed= surpass v. 超越;胜过501.exceed =beyond above v. 超越;胜过胜过502.exceedingly =extremely ad. 极其;非常503.excess =go beyond n. 超越; 胜过504.exclusively= only ad. 专门地;独占地505.excrete= expel v. 排泄;分泌506.exercise =use v. 运用507.exhausted= tired a. 精疲力竭的508.exhausted= used up a. 耗尽的;用完的509.exhibit =demonstrate v. 展示;陈列510.exhibit =display v. 展示;陈列511.expand= stretch v. 展开;增长512.expand =increase v. 展开;增长513.expanse= area n. 一大片区域514.expansive= large a. 广阔的515.expediency= convenience n. 方便;利己516.expediency= advantage(优势;利益) n. 方便；利己517.expedient= fitting a. 权宜的;方便的518.expend= use v. 耗尽519.explicit =obvious a. 明确的;清楚的520.explicitly= clear ad. 明确地521.exploit= utilize v. 利用522.exploit= take advantage of v. 利用523.exploit= make use of v. 利用524.explore= investigate v. 探测;探索525.expose to= subject to (遭受) v. 使经历526.express= communicate v. 表达527.extant= existing a. 现存的;尚存的528.extant =remaining a. 现存的;尚存的529.extant= not extinct a. 现存的;尚存的530.extend= stretch v. 延伸531.extend= reach v. 延伸532.extol =praise v. 赞美533.extraneous= inessential a. 无关的;外来的534.extraneous= from outside a. 无关的;外来的535.extraordinary= exceptional a. 异常的536.exude= release v. 渗出;发散537.exude= give off v. 渗出;发散538.fabricate= produce v. 制造539.far-reaching= extensive a. 深远的;广泛的540.far-reaching= broad a. 深远的;广泛的541.fascinating= extremely attractive a. 迷人的542.fashion= make v. 形成;造543.fashion= way n. 样子;方式544.fashionable =popular a. 流行的;时尚的545.feasible= achievable a. 可实行的546.feasible= practical a. 可实行的547.feast= eating n. 盛宴548.ferry= transport n. 渡轮549.fertile= reproductive a. 肥沃的;多产的550.fertile= productive a. 肥沃的;多产的551.figure out =map(详细规划) phr. 计算出;解决552.finding= discovery n. 发现553.first and foremost =above all phr. 首先;首要地554.flake =fragment n. 小薄片555.flattery= praise n. 恭维556.flee= run away from v. 逃走557.flexible= adaptable a. 易适应的558.float= stay on the top v. 漂浮559.float =upward rise phrv. 浮起560.flourish =prosper v. 繁荣;兴旺561.flourish= thrive v. 繁荣;兴旺562.flourishing= prosperous a. 繁荣的563.flow= movement n. 流动564.fluctuate= change v. 变动565.fluctuation= variation n. 变动;起伏566.focal= point centre area n. 焦点567.follow= track v. 跟随568.for instance= for example phr. 例如569.forage= feed n. 饲料570.forage =search for food v. 觅食571.formidable =excessive a. 巨大的572.foster= encourage v. 鼓励573.foster= urge v. 培养;促进574.foster =promote the development of v. 培养;促进575.foul= pollute v. 污染576.fragment= break up v. 使成碎片577.fragmentation= break n. 破裂578.fragmentize= break up v. 使成碎片579.frankly =openly ad. 坦白地580.frankly= sincerely ad. 真诚地581.friction= conflict n. 争执;不合582.function= operation n. 效用;作用583.function= utility n. 效用;作用584.fundamental =basic a. 基础的585.funds= money n. 资金586.furthermore= in addition ad. 此外587.gap= opening n. 缺口;裂口588.gear =adjust v. 使适合589.generate= produce v. 产生590.genuinely =actually ad. 真诚地591.get accustomed to= become used to phrv. 习惯592.give rise to= produce phrv. 引起593.given =particular a. 规定的;特定的ern= regulate v. 统治;管理ern= control v. 统治;管理596.grasp =understand v. 领会;理解597.groom= clean v. 装扮;使整洁598.groom =make up v. 装扮;使整洁使整洁599.groundless =unfounded a. 无根据的600.grounds =reasons n. 根据;理由601.groundwork= base n. 基础602.groundwork= basis n. 基础603.groundwork= foundation n. 基础604.grudging= unenthusiastic a. 勉强的605.guarantee= ensure v. 保证;担保606.hallmark= characteristic n. 戳记，标志607.hamper =district v. 防碍;束缚608.hamper= restrict v. 防碍;束缚609.hamper =make difficulty v. 防碍;束缚610.handy= convenient a. 便利的;灵活的611.haphazard= random a. 随意的612.harness= use v. 利用613.harness= utilize v. 利用614.harsh= drastic a. 严厉的;严酷的615.hasty= hurried a. 匆匆的;急忙的616.haul= pull v. 拉617.have nothing to do with= in no relation to phrv. 不相干618.havoc= destruction n. 浩劫619.hazard =danger n. 危险620.heed= notice v. 留心;注意621.heighten= increase v. 增加;提高622.heir= inheritor n. 继承人;后继者623.hence= therefore ad. 因此624.heritage =legacy n. 遗产;传统625.heritage= tradition n. 遗产;传统626.heterogeneous= varied a. 由不同种类组成的627.hide= conceal v. 隐藏628.hinder= interfere with v. 妨碍629.hint= clue n. 暗示;迹象630.hint= implication n. 暗示;迹象631.hint= indication n. 暗示;迹象632.hint= lead n. 暗示;迹象633.hire= employ v. 雇用634.hobby= pastime n. 嗜好635.hold =support v. 支撑;保持636.hold= keep up v. 支撑;保持保持637.hollow= an empty space n. 中空638.homogeneous =uniform a. 同种的639.host of =great number n. 大量640.however =yet conj. 然而641.hub= center n. 中心642.huge= large a. 巨大的643.hurdle =fence v. 用篱笆围644.hypothetical =supposed a. 假设的;假定的645.ice sheet= glacier(冰河) n. 冰原646.identical= the same a. 同样的647.idiosyncrasies =peculiarity n. 特性648.ignite= set on fire v. 点燃649.illusion= impression(印象) n. 错觉;幻像650.immediately= closest ad. 接近;紧接着651.immense= great a. 巨大的652.immense= huge a. 巨大的653.immense= vast a. 巨大的654.immensely= extremely ad. 非常655.immigration= movement n. 移居656.immobile= fixed a. 固定的;静止的657.immobility= absence of motion n. 固定;静止658.immoral= indecent a. 不道德的659.immoral= improper a. 不道德的660.impermeable= impenetrable a. 不能渗透的661.impermeable =impervious a. 不能渗透的662.impetus= stimulus v. 刺激;促进663.impetus= incentive n. 刺激;促进664.implausible= unbelievable a. 难以置信的665.implement= tool n. 工具666.imply= indicate v. 意味667.imposing= impressive a. 给人深刻印象的668.imprecise= inexact a. 不精确的669.improbable= unlikely a. 不像会发生的670.in fact= actually phr. 事实上671.in great demand =in popularity phr. 普遍672.in respect to= in term of phr. 就…而言673.inaccessible= unreachable a. 难接近的674.inadvertently= unintentionally ad. 非故意地675.inadvertently =without knowing ad. 非故意地676.inauspicious= unfavorable a. 不吉利的677.incidentally= by the way ad. 顺便一提678.inclement =unfavorable a. (气候)严酷的679.inconceivable= unimaginable a. 难以置信的680.inconclusive= without result(毫无结果) a. 不确定的681.incorporate= include v. 包含682.incorporate= merge v. 吸收;并入683.incursion= invasion n. 入侵684.indicate= demonstrate v. 指示;指出685.indigenous =native a. 本土的;土生土长的686.indispensable =essential a. 不可缺少的687.indispensable= necessary a. 不可缺少的688.indispensable= needed a. 不可缺少的689.indispensable= required a. 不可缺少的690.indispensable= vital a. 不可缺少的691.indispensable= significant(重要的) a. 必不可少的692.induce =bring v. 引起693.induce =cause v. 引起694.ineffectively= without any result ad. 无效地695.inert= motionless a. 迟缓的;惰性的696.inert= motiveless a. 迟缓的;惰性的697.inevitable= unavoidable a. 不可避免的698.inference= conclusion n. 推断的结果699.infirm= weak a. 不坚定的;衰弱的700.inflate= expand v. 膨胀;扩大701.infrastructure= foundation n. 基础建设702.ingenious= very clever a. 心灵手巧的703.ingenuity= cleverness n. 心灵手巧;独创性704.ingenuity= creativeness n. 心灵手巧;独创性705.ingenuity= inventiveness n. 心灵手巧;独创性706.ingenuity= resourcefulness n. 心灵手巧;独创性707.inherent= essential a. 内在的;固有的708.inherent= internal a. 内在的;固有的709.inherent= instinctive a. 与生俱来的710.inherent= in characteristic of a. 与生俱来的711.inherently =essentially ad. 固有地712.inhibit =hinder v. 约束;抑制713.inhospitable= unfavorable a. 冷淡的;不适宜的714.inhospitable= adverse a. 冷淡的;不适宜的715.initial= first a. 最初的716.initially =originally ad. 最初;开头717.initiate= begin v. 开始;创始718.initiate =start v. 开始;创始719.innovation =new n. 革新;创新720.innovative= new a. 创新的721.inordinate= excessive a. 过度的722.install= put in place v. 放置，安置723.instant= moment n. 片刻;瞬间724.instantaneous= immediate a. 即刻的725.instigate= incite v. 唆使;煽动726.instructive= informative v. 富有教育意义的727.insufficient= inadequate a. 不足的728.intact= untouched a. 完好的729.intangible =nonmaterial a. 无形的730.intangible= immaterial a. 无形的731.integral= essential a. 构成整体所需要的732.intense =strong a. 强烈的733.intentionally= deliberately ad. 有意地;故意地734.intermediate= in-between a./n. 中间的;媒介735.intimate =close a. 亲密的736.intricate= complex a. 复杂的737.intricate =carefully shaped a. 复杂的738.intrigue= interest v. 引发…兴趣739.intriguing= fascinating a. 迷人的740.intrinsic= essential a. 本质的;内在的741.intrinsic= inherent a. 本质的;内在的742.intrusive= invasive a. 侵入的743.invade= move into v. 入侵;侵犯744.invaluable= highly useful a. 极宝贵的745.invariably= always ad. 始终如一地;一贯地746.invent =devise v. 发明747.inviolable= without exception a. 不可违背的748.inviolable =allowing no attack a. 不可违背的749.invoke =appeal v. 垦求,祈求750.irrecoverable =permanent a. 不能挽回的751.irreparable= permanent a. 不能挽回的752.isolated= separated a. 孤立的;分离的753.jettison= release v. 抛弃754.jolt= shock v. 震动;震惊755.judge= estimate v. 评判756.junction =connection n. 连接;接合757.juncture =connection n. 连接;接合758.justified= right a. 正当的759.justify= prove v. 证明...是正当的760.key= significant a. 重要的;关键的ding= cargo n. 货物ding= shipment n. 货物ndscape= scenery n. 风景;景色rge= extensive a. 大的;大量的rgely =mostly ad. 大部分;主要地unch= initial v. 发起;发动unch= initiate v. 发起;发动unch= start v. 发起;发动769.legitimacy= authority n. 合法性770.legitimately= properly ad. 正当地;合法地771.leisure= free time n. 闲暇772.leisurely= slowly a. 悠闲的;从容不迫地773.lethal= fateful a. 致命的774.lethal =deadly a. 致命的775.liberal =extensive a. 宽大的776.liken= to compare v. 比较777.likewise= similarly ad. 同样地778.linger= wander v. 徘徊;漫步779.linger= stroll v. 徘徊;漫步780.link= connect v. 连接781.link= consist of v. 连接;结合782.link= put together v. 连接;结合结合783.listening =advertent a. 留神听的784.livelihood= means of support n. 生活;生计785.locale= place n. 现场;场所786.locate= find v. 找出787.lucrative= profitable a. 有利益的788.luxuriant= thriving a. 茂盛的789.magnify= enlarge v. 放大790.magnitude =extent n. 巨大;广大791.magnitude =amount n. 量;大小792.maintain= continue v. 维持;使继续793.majestic= magnificent a. 壮观的794.make their way= travel phrv. 前进795.malleable =pliable a. 有延展性的;可塑的796.mandatory =required a. 强制的;义务的797.mandatory =obligatory a. 强制的;义务的798.manifest= reveal v. 表明;显现799.manipulate= control v. 操纵800.marked =considerable a. 显着的801.markedly= distinctly ad. 显着地802.mask =cover v. 遮避;掩护;伪装803.mask= disguise v. 遮避;掩护;伪装804.massive= enormous a. 巨大的805.massive= huge a. 巨大的806.mastery= control n. 控制807.matter= issue n. 问题;事件808.maximum =greatest size n. 最大量809.mean= average n. 平均值810.merely =only ad. 仅仅811.merely= simply ad. 仅仅812.merely =no more than ad. 仅仅813.merge= blend v. 合并;融合814.merge= combine v. 合并;融合815.meticulously= carefully ad. 小心地816.microbe= germ n. 微生物;细菌estone= significant event n. 里程碑; 划时代的事件ky way =galaxy n. 银河819.mimic= imitate v. 模仿820.mimic= copy v. 模仿821.miniature= small a. 微型的822.minuscule= tiny a. 微型的823.minute= tiny a. 微小的824.minute =very small a. 微小的825.minutely= finely ad. 详细地;精密地826.minutely= in detail ad. 详细地; 精密地827.mirror= reflect v. 反映;反射828.misconception= wrong idea n. 误解829.misleading= erroneous a. 使人误解的830.misleading= inaccurate a. 使人误解的831.misunderstanding= wrong idea n. 误解832.misunderstanding= FALSE idea n. 误解833.mock= pretend v. 模仿834.modest =limited(有限的) a. 适度的835.modest= not too large (不大的) a. 适度的836.modification =alteration n. 修改;改变837.momentous= significant a. 重要的838.monitor= observe v. 监控;监视839.monopolize= dominate(支配) v. 独占；垄断840.monotone= tedious a. 单调的;乏味的841.monotonous= boring a. 单调的;无聊的842.moreover =additionally ad. 此外843.moreover= in addition ad. 此外844.motif= pattern n. 图案845.mount= climb v. 登上846.mount =grow v. 增长847.mount= increase v. 增长848.mundane= material a. 世俗的;平凡的849.mundane= ordinary a. 世俗的;平凡的850.myriad= countless a. 大量的;无数的851.myriad= innumerable a. 大量的;无数的852.myriad= numerous a. 大量的;无数的853.narrow= limit v. 使变窄854.nature= character n. 天性;本质855.nearly= almost ad. 几乎;差不多856.necessary= required a. 必要的857.needless to say= obvious phr. 不用说858.nevertheless= however ad. 然而;尽管859.nevertheless= in spite of ad. 然而;尽管860.nocturnal =nighttime a. 夜间的861.notable important a. 显着的;重要的862.notable outstanding a. 显着的;重要的863.note record v. 记录864.noticeable obvious a. 显而易见的865.notwithstanding despite prep. 虽然; 尽管866.objective purpose n. 目标867.oblige force v. 强迫868.obscure conceal v. 使变暗;遮掩869.obscure hide v. 使模煳870.obscure unclear a. 模煳的871.obscure not clear a. 模煳的872.obsession with fixation on n. 痴迷;迷恋873.obtain acquire v. 取得;获得874.obvious evident a. 明显的875.occasion event n. 重大活动876.occasionally once in a while adv. 偶尔地877.of legitimacy lawful a. 合法的878.of likelihood probable a. 可能的879.offset compensate v. 补偿;抵销880.offset balance v. 补偿;抵销。

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