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2018届云南省临沧市第一中学高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版 含答案

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云南省临沧一中2018届高三上学期期末考试理科综合试卷

云南省临沧一中2018届高三上学期期末考试理科综合试卷

临沧市第一中学2017-2018学年上学期期末考试高三理综试题满分：300分考试时间：150分钟可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 N7 C12 O16 Na23 S32 Fe56 Cu64第Ⅰ卷（选择题本卷共21题共126分）一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、下列有关组成生物体元素和化合物的叙述，正确的是 ( ) A．同一生物体内不同细胞的功能不同，主要是由不同细胞内有机物的种类和含量差异引起的，而构成这些细胞的化学元素的种类基本是一致的B．一个DNA分子水解后能得到4种脱氧核苷酸，而一个蛋白质分子彻底水解后就能得到20种氨基酸C．蛋白质和DNA分子的多样性都与它们的空间结构密切相关D．淀粉、糖原、纤维素和麦芽糖彻底水解后，得到的产物是不同的2、下图甲是哺乳动物M的红细胞长时间处在不同浓度的NaCl溶液中，红细胞的体积(V)与初始体积(V0)之比的变化曲线；图乙是红细胞裂解后正常、外翻性小泡的形成示意图。

下列相关分析正确的是( )A．该红细胞细胞内液与90 mmol·Ｌ－1 NaCl溶液浓度相当B．250 mmol·Ｌ－1 NaCl溶液不影响该细胞代谢C．细胞裂解及小泡的形成可体现生物膜的选择透过性D．外翻性小泡膜外侧可能不含有信号分子的受体3、如图表示某植物非绿色器官在不同氧气浓度下氧气的吸收量和二氧化碳释放量的变化情况，根据所提供的信息，以下判断正确的是( )A．N点时，该器官氧气的吸收量和二氧化碳的释放量相等，说明其只进行有氧呼吸B．M点是贮藏该器官的最适氧气浓度，此时无氧呼吸的强度最低C．该器官呼吸作用过程中有非糖物质氧化分解D．L点时，该器官产生二氧化碳的场所是细胞中的线粒体基质4、肾上腺糖皮质激素是一种可使血糖升高的动物激素，当人体受到某一外界刺激后体内会发生如图所示的过程，下列相关叙述不正确的是( )A.肾上腺糖皮质激素的分泌具有反馈调节的特点，因此其含量能较长时间在血液中保持相对稳定B.肾上腺糖皮质激素与胰高血糖素具有协同作用C.下丘脑促进肾上腺糖皮质激素和胰高血糖素的分泌调节机理相同D.下丘脑中既有接受神经递质的受体也有接受糖皮质激素的受体5、某草原有羊草、贝加尔针茅、羽茅、黄囊苔草、糙隐子草、麻花头等草种，为研究放牧强度与草原植物多样性的关系，研究者将草原划分为无放牧区、轻度放牧区、中度放牧区和重度放牧区进行研究，2年后的结果如下表：不同放牧强度下植物的多样性指标放牧强度多样性指标物种丰富度指数物种均匀度指数辛普森多样性指数。

2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷+Word版含答案

2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷+Word版含答案

2017---2018学年第一学期期末考试高三年级英语试题本试卷满分为120分,考试时间为100分钟第I卷（选择题共70分）第一部分：阅读理解（共二节，满分40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AEllis Island is located in New York Harbor. Ellis Island is open daily year round from 9:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., with extended hours during summer. It is closed on December 25. There is no admission charge to Ellis Island; but donations are gratefully accepted. At Your FingertipsPark information (212) 363-7620Emergencies (212) 363-3260Ferryboat information (212) 269-5755Lost and found (212)363-7620Dining, gifts & audio tour 344-0996TransportationStatue of Liberty and Ellis Island Ferry; boats leave from Battery Park, Manhattan, and from Liberty State Park, New Jersey. They run about every 30 to 45 minutes beginningat 9:15 a.m.(The time for ferry is changeable)Hours: May vary; call the number aboveClosed: December 25Ferry fees (includes Liberty and Islands) adults, $7; senior citizens, $6; children (age 3~17), $5. (Group rates are available for 25 or more adults.)1. In summer, visitors will have ______ to visit Ellis Island.A. a limited timeB. a longer timeC. a shorter timeD. a wonderful time2. Which number would you call if our friends were suddenly ill?A. (212)344-0996B. (212)363-7620C. (212) 363-3260D. (212) 269-57553. Which of the following is NOT true?A. People can visit Ellis Island free of charge.B. The boats departure time from Battery Park is at 9:15 all the year round.C. Ferry fees for children are cheaper than for adults.D. Ferry fees for group visitors can be reduced.BIs there anything more important than health？I don’t think so. You can’t be good at your studies or work when you are ill.If you have a headache，or a bad cough，if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold，I think you should go to the doctor. The doctor will examine your throat，feel your pulse，take your temperature，sound your heart and lungs. After that he will advise some treatment，or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice.Speaking of doctor’s advice，I can’t help telling you a funny story. An old man came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness，memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease. He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat，drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words，the doctor advised him to follow the rule：“Eat at pleasure，drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.” The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again，he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man. “But you know，doctor，”he said，“it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.”4．The writer thinks that ________.A．health is more important than wealthB．work is as important as studiesC．medicine is more important than pleasureD．nothing is more important than money5．The doctor usually tells his patient what to do ________.A．without examining the patientB．after he has examined the patientC．if the patient doesn’t take medicineD．unless the patient feels pain6．The underlined part means“________”.A．he was feeling better than everB．he wasn’t a healthy manC．he was feeling worse than before D．he will be well again7．From the last sentence of the passage，we learn the man ________ before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day.A．was a heavy smokerB．didn’t smoke so muchC．didn’t smokeD．began to learn to smokeCI once had an unforgettable experience that has influenced and directed the way I think and act now.When I was about seven years old, my grandfather took me to a fish pond on a farm and told me to throw a stone into the water. He told me to watch the circles created by the stone. Then he asked me to think of myself as that stone. “You may create lots of circles in your life, but the waves that come from those circles will disturb the peace of all your fellow people,” he said thoughtfully. “Remember that your circle may touch many other circles, meaning that your thoughts or actions may disturb others’ lives. You are responsible for what you put in your circle. You will need to live in a way that allows the good or peace that comes from your circle to be sent to others. At the same time, the anger or jealousy(嫉妒) coming from your circle also spread to other circles. You are responsible for both.”That was the first time I had realized that each person’s inner peace or discord(不和谐) can flow out into the world. If we are filled with inner conflict, doubt or anger, we cannot create world peace. We spread the feelings and thoughts that we hold inside, whether we speak them or not. Whatever circles are inside us, they are spreading into the world, creating beauty or discord with all other circles of life.8. The author’s grandfather took him/her to the fish pond to_______.A. go fishing togetherB. teach him/her a meaningful truth of lifeC. play a fun game with the authorD. correct his/her wrong doings9.What does the author want to say by telling us his unforgettable experience?A. We cannot control our feelings that disturb othersB. We shouldn’t keep in touch with other people.C. What we think and do can influ ence others’ lives.D. It’s difficult to keep a good relationship with other people.10. The author would probably agree that we should________.A. send our anger to other peopleB. share our happiness with other peopleC. complain about the misfortune in our livesD. hide our feelings and never express them to others11.What is the purpose of writing this passage?A. To teach the young people how to hold their feelings and thoughts.B. To indicate the importance of an unforgettable experience.C. To recall the experience of fishing.D. To tell people to create beauty and harmony.DWhen a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.“Storm chasing (追逐)”is becoming an increasingly popular hobby, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is very dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season. Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,”says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers. ”However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth”.12. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to _____.A. head straight for the center of the stormB. get into the car for safetyC. wait patiently for the storm to developD. collect information about a coming storm13. Beginners of storm chasing are advised _____.A. not to drive in a heavy rainB. to do it in an organized wayC. not to get too close to a stormD. to spend more time on it in summer14. By saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph, the author means that _____.A. storm chasing costs a lot of moneyB. storm chasing is worth hours of waitingC. efforts in storm chasing are well paidD. a storm present is the greatest show on Earth15. What can we learn from the text?A. Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.B. Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.D. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.第二节（共5小题每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白出的最佳选项。

云南2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

云南2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

2018年春季学期期末高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟满分150分）命题人：审题人：注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的考号、姓名、考场、座位号、班级在答题卡上填写清楚。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题, 共100分)第一部分听力（共两节，满分30）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is Chase’s hobby?A. Writing.B. Skiing.C. Collecting stamps.2. How much will the woman pay?A. $39.B. $35.C. $31.3. How does the man probably feel?A. Hopeful.B. Confused.C. Annoyed.4. What is the topic of the conversation?A. The lighting of the restaurant.B. The friendly staff.C. A romantic meal.5. What does the woman mean?A. She only buys things on sale.B. Even the special price is too high.C. The man should have gotten a better deal.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2018届云南省临沧市第一中学高三上学期期末考试英语试题

2018届云南省临沧市第一中学高三上学期期末考试英语试题

2018届云南省临沧市第一中学高三上学期期末考试英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

3．二卷试题用黑色中性笔作答。

第一卷（选择题共90分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the man usually do after dinner?A. He watches TV.B. He surfs online.C. He goes running.2. Where did the man travel?A. To China.B. To Korea.C. To Japan.3. How will the speakers get to the zoo?A. By bike.B. By car.C. By bus.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Mexican foodB. Mexican musicC. Mexicans.5. How much did the speakers spend today?A. $300.B. $350.C. $400第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分20分）听下面5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试物理试题(精品解析)

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试物理试题(精品解析)

临沧市一中2017-2018学年上学期期末考试高三物理试题一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

其中第1、2、6、7、8、10题只有一个选项正确，其余的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得3分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）1. 半径为R 的球形物体固定在水平地面上，球心正上方有一光滑的小滑轮，滑轮到球面B 的距离为h ，轻绳的一端系一小球，靠放在半球上的A 点，另一端绕过定滑轮后用力拉住，使小球静止，如图所示，现缓慢地拉绳，在使小球由A 到B 的过程中，半球对小球的支持力N 和绳对小球的拉力T 的大小变化的情况是（ ）A. N 不变，T 变小B. N 不变，T 先变大后变小C. N 变小，T 先变小后变大D. N 变大，T 变小2. 甲、乙两车在公路上沿同一方向做直线运动，它们的v －t 图象如图所示．两图象在1t t =时相交于P 点，P 在横轴上的投影为Q ，△OPQ 的面积为S ．在t=0时刻，乙车在甲车前面，相距为d ．已知此后两车相遇两次，且第一次相遇的时刻为t '，第二次相遇时间为''t ，则下面四组t ',d 和''t 的组合可能的是A. 11'''2t t d s t t ===，，B. 1111'''24t t d s t t ===，， C. 11145'''393t t d s t t ，，===D. 11177'''4164t t d s t t ===，， 3. 如图所示，倾角=30θ︒的斜面上有一重为G 的物体，在与斜面底边平行的水平推力作用下沿斜面上的虚线匀速运动，若图中=45ϕ︒，则A. 物体所受摩擦力方向平行于斜面沿虚线向上B. 物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数3=3μ C. 物体所受摩擦力方向与水平推力垂直且平行斜面向上 D. 物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数6=μ 4. 如图甲所示,水平面上的物体在水平向右的拉力F 作用下,由静止开始运动,运动过程中F 功率恒为P.物体运动速度的倒数1/v 与加速度a 的关系如图乙所示(v 0、a 0为已知量).则下列说法正确的是()A. 该运动过程中的拉力F 为恒力B. 物体加速运动的时间为v 0/a 0C. 物体所受阻力大小为P/v 0D. 物体的质量为P/v 0a 05. 如图所示，在光滑的水平地面上有一质量可以忽略不计的长木板，木板上放置A 、B 两个可做质点的物块，两物体的质量分别为m A =2kg ，m B =1kg ，已知物块A 、B 与长木块之间的动摩擦因数均为μ=0．2，重力加速度g 取10m/s 2，最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力．现有物块A 上施加一个水平向左的恒定拉力F ，则以下说法正确的是（ ）A. 若F=3N ，则A 、B 都相对木板静止不动B. 若F=3N ，则B 物块受到的摩擦力大小为1．5NC. 若F=8N ，则B 物块受到的摩擦力大小为4ND. 若F=8N ，则B 物块的加速度为2m/s 26. 如图，一束单色光射入一玻璃球体，入射角为60°．己知光线在玻璃球内经一次反射后，再次折射回到空气中时与入射光线平行．此玻璃的折射率为A.B. 1.5C.D. 27. 如图所示，两个半径相同的半圆形轨道分别竖直放在匀强磁场和匀强电场中，轨道两端在同一高度上，轨道是光滑的．两个相同的带正电小球同时从两轨道左端最高点由静止释放，M 、N 为轨道的最低点，则( )A. 两小球到达轨道最低点的速度v M ＝v NB. 两小球到达轨道最低点的速度v M >v NC. 小球第一次到达M 点的时间大于小球第一次到达N 点的时间D. 在磁场中小球能到达轨道的另一端，在电场中小球不能到达轨道的另一端8. 美国科研人员2016年2月11日宣布，他们利用激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO ）于去年9月首次探测到引力波，证实了爱因斯坦100年前所做的猜测．在爱因斯坦的描述中，有质量的物体会使它周围的时空发生扭曲，物体质量越大，时空就扭曲的越厉害．当有质量的两物体加速旋转的时候，他们周围的时空会发生起伏，震颤，波浪……这种“时空扰动”以波（涟漪）的形式向外传播，这就是“引力波”．其实只要有质量的物体加速运动就会产生引力波，不同方式产生的引力波的波长是不一样的．引力波是以光速传播的时空扰动，是横波．引力波和物质之间的相互作用极度微弱，因此它的衰减也是极度缓慢的．引力波的发现为我们打开了研究宇宙的全新窗口，引力波携带着与电磁波截然不同的信息，将为我们揭示宇宙新的奥秘．根据上述材料做下列推断，其中一定错误的是 A. 引力波应该只能在真空中传播 B. 引力波应该携带波源的信息 C. 引力波应该有偏振现象 D. 引力波应该不容易被探测到9. 如图所示，竖直光滑杆固定不动，套在杆上的轻质弹簧下端固定，将套在杆上的滑块向下压缩弹簧至离地高度h=0．40m 处，滑块与弹簧不拴接．现由静止释放滑块，通过传感器测量出滑块的速度和离地高度h ，计算出滑块的动能E K ，并作出滑块的E K -h 图象，其中高度从0．80m 上升到1．40m 范围内图象为直线，其余部分为曲线．若以地面为重力势能的零势能面，取g=10m/s 2，则结合图象可知（ ）A. 滑块的质量为1．00 kgB. 弹簧原长为0．72 mC. 弹簧最大弹性势能为10．00 JD. 滑块的重力势能与弹簧的弹性势能总和最小为3．60J10. 图中画出了氢原子的4个能级,并注明了相应的能量E.处在4n =的能级的1200个氢原子向低能级跃迁时,能够发出若干种不同频率的光子.若这些受激氢原子最后都回到基态,假定处在量子数为n 的激发态的氢原子跃迁到各较低能级的原子数都是处在该激发态能级上的原子总数的11n -,已知金属钾的逸出功为2.22eV .则在此过程中发出的光子,能够从金属钾的表面打出光电子的光子数为A. 2200B. 2000C. 1600D. 240011. 如图所示，A 、B 是质量分别为m 和2m 的小环，一半径为R 的光滑半圆形细轨道，其圆心为O ，竖直固定在地面上．轨道正上方离地高为h 处固定一水平光滑长直细杆.杆与轨道在同一竖直平面内，杆上P 点处固定一定滑轮，P 点位于O 点正上方．A 套在杆上，B 套在轨道上，一条不可伸长的轻绳通过定滑轮连接两环．两环均可看作质点，且不计滑轮大小与摩擦.现对A 环施加一水平向右的力F ，使B 环从地面由静止开始沿轨道运动．则A. 若缓慢拉动A 环，B 环缓慢上升至D 点的过程中，F 一直减小B. 若缓慢拉动A 环，B 环缓慢上升至D 点的过程中，外力F 所做的功等于B 环机械能的增加量C. 若F 为恒力，B 环最终将静止在D 点D. 若F为恒力，B环被拉到与A 环速度大小相等时，sin∠OPB=Rh12. 如图所示，两平行光滑导轨竖直固定．边界水平的匀强磁场宽度为h，方向垂直于导轨平面．两相同的导体棒a、b 中点用长为h的绝缘轻杆相接，形成“工”字型框架，框架置于磁场上方，b棒距磁场上边界的高度为h，两棒与导轨接触良好．保持a、b棒水平，由静止释放框架，b棒刚进入磁场即做匀速运动，不计导轨电阻．则在框架下落过程中，a棒所受轻杆的作用力F及a棒的机械能E随下落的高度h变化的关系图象，可能正确的是( )A.B.C.D. 13. 如图是质谱仪的工作原理示意图．带电粒子被加速电场加速后，进入速度选择器．速度选择器内相互正交的匀强磁场和匀强电场分别为B和E．平板S上有可让粒子通过的狭缝P和记录粒子位置的胶片A1A2．平板S下方有磁感应强度为B0的匀强磁场．下列表述正确的是（）A. 质谱仪是分析同位素的重要工具B. 速度选择器中的磁场方向垂直纸面向内C. 能通过的狭缝P的带电粒子的速率等于E/BD. 粒子打在胶片上的位置越靠近狭缝P，粒子的比荷越小14. 一根张紧的水平弹性长绳上的a、b两点，相距14.0m，b点在a点的右方，如图所示．当一列简谐横波沿此长绳向右传播时，若a点的位移达到正向最大值时，b点的位移恰为零，且向下运动，经过1.00s后，a点的位移为零，且向下运动，而b点的位移达到负向最大值，则这简谐横波的波速可能等于（）A.143m/s B.703m/sC. 6m/sD. 14m/s15. 如图所示，一块足够长的木板，放在光滑水平面上，在木板上自左向右放有序号是1、2、3、……、n的木块，所有木块的质量均为m，与木块间的动摩擦因数都相同.开始时，木板静止不动，第1、2、3、……、n号木块的初速度分别为v0、2v0、3v0、……、nv0，v0方向向右，木板的质量与所有木块的总质量相等，最终所有木块与木板以共同速度匀速运动，则（）A. 所有木块与木板一起匀速运动的速度为1v4n+B. 所有木块与木板一起匀速运动的速度为12nv+C. 若n=9，则第8号木块在整个运动过程中的最小速度为229vD. 若n=9，则第8号木块在整个运动过程中的最小速度为3516v16. 水平直道托乒乓球跑步比赛，比赛距离为s；比赛时某同学将球置于球拍中心，以大小为a的加速度从静止开始做匀加速直线运动，当速度达到v0时，再以v0做匀速直线运动跑到终点．整个过程中球一直保持在球拍中心不动，比赛中该同学在匀速直线运动阶段保持球拍的倾角为θ0，如图所示，设球在运动中受到空气阻力大小与其速度大小成正比，方向与运动方向相反，不计球与球拍之间的摩擦，球的质量为m ，重力加速度为g ，则（ ）A. 乒乓球匀加速过程中受到板的弹力不变B. 空气阻力大小与球速大小的比例系数0tan mg k v θ=C. 加速跑阶段球拍倾角θ随速度v 变化的关系式00tan tan a vg v θθ=+ D. 加速跑阶段球拍倾角θ随速度v 变化的关系式00tan cot a vg v θθ=+ 二、填空题（共12分）17. 某实验小组利用如图甲所示的实验装置来测量匀加速直线运动的加速度.滑块上的左右端各有一个完全一样的遮光板.若光线被遮光板遮挡,光电传感器会输出高电平.滑块在细线的牵引下向左加速运动,遮光板1、2分别经过光电传感器时,通过计算机可以得到如图乙所示的电平随时间变化的图像.(1).实验前,接通气源,将滑块(不挂钩码)置于气垫导轨上,轻推滑块,则图乙中的t 1、t 2、t 3、t 4间满足关系__________则说明气垫导轨已经水平.(2).如图丙所示,用游标卡尺测量遮光板的宽度d =__________mm 挂上钩码后,将滑块由如图甲所示位置释放,通过光电传感器和计算机得到的图像如图乙所示，若t 1、t 2、t 3、t 4和d 已知,则遮光板1和遮光板2在经过光电传感器过程中的平均速度分别为__________、__________.(用已知量的字母表示)(3).在(2)情况下,滑块运动的加速度a =__________.(用已知量的字母表示)18. 材料的电阻随磁场的增强而增大的现象称为磁阻效应，利用这种效应可以测量磁感应强度。

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试理科综合试题(附答案)$831201

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试理科综合试题(附答案)$831201

临沧市第一中学2017-2018学年上学期期末考试高三理综试题满分：300分考试时间：150分钟可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 N7 C12 O16 Na23 S32 Fe56 Cu64第Ⅰ卷（选择题本卷共21题共126分）一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、下列有关组成生物体元素和化合物的叙述，正确的是()A．同一生物体内不同细胞的功能不同，主要是由不同细胞内有机物的种类和含量差异引起的，而构成这些细胞的化学元素的种类基本是一致的B．一个DNA分子水解后能得到4种脱氧核苷酸，而一个蛋白质分子彻底水解后就能得到20种氨基酸C．蛋白质和DNA分子的多样性都与它们的空间结构密切相关D．淀粉、糖原、纤维素和麦芽糖彻底水解后，得到的产物是不同的2、下图甲是哺乳动物M的红细胞长时间处在不同浓度的NaCl溶液中，红细胞的体积(V)与初始体积(V0)之比的变化曲线；图乙是红细胞裂解后正常、外翻性小泡的形成示意图。

下列相关分析正确的是()A．该红细胞细胞内液与90 mmol·L－1 NaCl溶液浓度相当B．250 mmol·L－1 NaCl溶液不影响该细胞代谢C．细胞裂解及小泡的形成可体现生物膜的选择透过性D．外翻性小泡膜外侧可能不含有信号分子的受体3、如图表示某植物非绿色器官在不同氧气浓度下氧气的吸收量和二氧化碳释放量的变化情况，根据所提供的信息，以下判断正确的是()A．N点时，该器官氧气的吸收量和二氧化碳的释放量相等，说明其只进行有氧呼吸B．M点是贮藏该器官的最适氧气浓度，此时无氧呼吸的强度最低C．该器官呼吸作用过程中有非糖物质氧化分解D．L点时，该器官产生二氧化碳的场所是细胞中的线粒体基质4、肾上腺糖皮质激素是一种可使血糖升高的动物激素，当人体受到某一外界刺激后体内会发生如图所示的过程，下列相关叙述不正确的是()A.肾上腺糖皮质激素的分泌具有反馈调节的特点，因此其含量能较长时间在血液中保持相对稳定B.肾上腺糖皮质激素与胰高血糖素具有协同作用C.下丘脑促进肾上腺糖皮质激素和胰高血糖素的分泌调节机理相同D.下丘脑中既有接受神经递质的受体也有接受糖皮质激素的受体5、某草原有羊草、贝加尔针茅、羽茅、黄囊苔草、糙隐子草、麻花头等草种，为研究放牧强度与草原植物多样性的关系，研究者将草原划分为无放牧区、轻度放牧区、中度放牧区和重度放牧区进行研究，2年后的结果如下表：不同放牧强度下植物的多样性指标A．物种均匀度指数越来越低B．物种丰富度指数越来越低C．多样性指数先增加后降低D．多样性指数越来越低6、长翅红眼雄蝇与长翅白眼雌蝇交配，产下一只染色体组成为aaXXY的残翅白眼果蝇。

云南省2018届高中毕业生复习统一检测英语试卷(带答案)

云南省2018届高中毕业生复习统一检测英语试卷(带答案)

云南省2018届高三毕业班复习统一检测英语试题第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AA woman from Australia has found the world’s oldest known message in a bottle nearly 132 yea rs after it was cast into the sea.Tonya Illman discovered the drift (漂流) bottle half-buried in the sand on a beach in Western Australia, 180 kilometers north of the state capital Perth.The message, dated 12 June 1886, was thrown into the Indian Ocean from the German ship Paula, which was en route from Cardiff, Wales, to its destination of Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). The bottle was one of the thousands thrown into oceans as part of a 69-year-long German experiment on global currents (洋流) to find faster shipping routes.Until now, the previous world record for the oldest message in a bottle was 108 years, 4 months and 18 days from the time it was cast until its discovery.Illman found the bottle near her son’s car in the beach’s soft sand.“I was wal king across when I saw something sticking out of the sand, so I went to take a closer look,” Illman was quoted as saying.“It just looked like a lovely old bottle, so I picked it up thinking it might look good in my bookcase. My son’s girlfriend was the on e who discovered the note when she went to tip the sand out.“The note was damp, rolled tightly and tied with a string. We took it home and dried it out, and when we opened it, we saw it was in German, with very faint German handwriting on it.”The Illmans took their find to the local museum which established that the bottle was a 19th Century Dutch gin bottle, and the German ship Paula sailed from Cardiff to Makassar (Indonesia) in 1886.1. What can we learn about the newly-found bottle?A. It was thrown overboard near Germany.B. It was brought to a university for consultation.C. It was one of the bottles cast into the ocean in 1886.D. It was used for sending a message to today’s Indonesia.2. What do the underlined words “en route” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. On the way.B. Off the course.C. In the center.D. At the end.3. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. 19th Century Dutch Gin Bottle Returned to GermanyB. Oldest Message in a Bottle Found on Australian BeachC. German Ship Paula Sailed Across the Indian Ocean in 1886D. 69-year-long German Experiment on Global Currents EndedBStudents at the Florida high school where 17 people were shot dead in February of 2018 are being asked to wear clear backpacks.School officials have written to families of Marjory Stoneman Douglas High pupils outlining the plans as part of new security measures, They say any student without a clear backpack will be given one at no cost. As well as introducing the transparent backpacks for quicker safety checks, there will also be airport-style metal detectors and school visitors will pass through special gates.“We’re going to man every gate at the school during school hours and for after-school activities,” said the superintendent of Broward County Public Schools, Robert W. Runcie.Since the shooting when Nikolas Cruz opened fire killing 17 people, students there have been leading calls for gun reform.Donald Trump has told US politicians he wants tougher laws with “really strong background checks”, while he’s faced anger from anti-gun groups for suggesting training school staff to use firearms.In the last few days, safety at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High has been called into question again after several security breaches (违反). Three students were arrested on Tuesday, two for carrying knivesand one for making threats on Snapchat. Some parents have become so worried that they’ve been keeping their children off school.“We’ve got to put things into place now,” Mr Runcie said.4. Which is a new security measure of the school?A. Teachers are trained to use firearms.B. Guards are hired to monitor the students.C. Visitors are forbidden to enter the school.D. Students are required to wear clear backpacks.5. What can we know about the school shooting from the text?A. The gunman was a school staff member.B. One of the victims was named Nikolas Cruz.C. Seventeen people were shot dead on campus.D. Someone unknown broke in and opened fire.6. Some parents have become worried because .A. three students were badly hurtB. the school takes few safety measuresC. they received a letter from the teacherD. there are still safety problems at the school7. What is the students’ attitude toward firea rms?A. They call for changes of gun laws.B. T hey are against the school’s stricter rules.C. They defend their right to possess weapons.D. They approve of Donald Trump’s suggestion.CAs a gesture of friendship, Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo, Japan gave Washington, DC a gift of more than 3,000 Japanese cherry trees on March 17, 1912. Every spring, the cherry trees in Washington, DC take bloom, beginning one of the country’s loveliest celebrations, the National Cherry Blossom Festival (March 17-April 15). Book your trip now to see this vibrant display of pink and white in this city full of history!Washington, DC Cherry Blossom In-Depth TourPrice: $45Available: Mar 25-Apr 15Duration: 1 DayHighlights: Visit Washington, DC; experience the peak period of cherry blossom (April 8-12)Itinerary:Guests would start to celebrate the National Cherry Blossom Festival and discover the beauty of cherry blossoms. Next, we will begin our sightseeing city tour including Lincoln Memorial, White House, US Capitol, Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, Washington Monument and International Spy Museum. Then visit the Jefferson Memorial, the best location to view the cherry blossoms. Finally, guestsmay board a Potomac River cruise to see the city from the water. Then tour ends.Price Includes: Ground TransportationService fee for the tour guide: $ 10/personAdmission Fees:Destination Adult Child Senior International Spy Museum$21.95 $14.95(3-12 yrs) $19.95 (Over 65 yrs) (Optional)Madame Tussauds Wax Museum$23 $17 (3-12yrs) $20 (Over 65 yrs) (Optional)Potomac River Cruise$26 $18 (3-12 yrs) $23 (Over 65 yrs) (Optional)Note: If you would like to join in the optional activities, please pay the fee in cash to the tour guide.You cannot buy the tickets on your own or use City Passes. The tour guide will arrange the tickets for the group.8. On March 25, tourists can enjoy .A. the cherry blossoms in full bloomB. the National Cherry Blossom FestivalC. a discounted tour of a city foil of historyD. the anniversary celebration of the gift of trees9. The tour covers tourist spots without admission fees.A. fourB. fiveC. sevenD. eight10. Tourists are supposed to .A. pay the service fee for the tour guideB. take care of the ground transportationC. show the City Pass at the ticket officeD. choose at least one optional destination11. It costs for you and your grandpa (aged 67) to go on the tour, with the wax museum included.A. $156B. $143C.$153D. $108DAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis, more commonly known as ALS, affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord (脊髓) that make the muscles of both the upper and lower body work.Those nerve cells lose their ability to control muscle movement, which leads to paralysis (瘫痪) and death. Its most famous sufferer was famed physicist Stephen Hawking, who died on March 14, 2018 at the age of 76.Hawking, diagnosed with the condition in 1963, lived with it for more than 50 years — a remarkably long time for an ALS sufferer. The disease left him paralyzed and completely dependent on others and technology for everything: bathing, dressing, eating, mobility and speech. He was able to move only a few fingers on one hand.“I try to lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition, or regret the things it prevents me fr om doing, which are not that many,” he wrote on his website.“I have been lucky that my condition has progressed more slowly than is often the case. But it shows that one need not lose hope.”Hawking’s life, including his battle with ALS, was made into a 2014 biopic, The Theory of Everything, starring Eddie Redmayne.The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that 20,000 to 30,000 people have ALS in the United States, with about 5,000 new cases diagnosed every year. People usually find out that they have it between 55 and 75 years of age. On average, patients live two to five years after symptoms develop.For reasons not yet understood, military veterans are twice as likely to be diagnosed with ALS as the general public, according to the ALS Association. Scientists have been studying many factors that could be linked with ALS, such as heredity (遗传) and environmental exposures.12. According to the text, ALS .A. is linked with climate changesB. leads to death in one or two yearsC. affects the nerve cells all over the bodyD. makes people lose control of muscle movement13. From the text we can infer that Hawking .A. died of an unknown diseaseB. lived with ALS for 55 yearsC. felt desperate in his last yearsD. was paralyzed due to poor treatment14. What is the situation of ALS in the US?A. Over 30,000 people suffer from ALS.B. ALS is usually found among the elderly people.C. Patients often enjoy a long lifespan despite ALS.D. More and more new cases are reported every year.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The symptoms and possible cures of ALS.B. A biographical film about Stephen Hawking.C. A general introduction of the disease of ALS.D. Life of the famous physicist, Stephen Hawking.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024届临沧市第一中学英语高三上期末考试试题含解析

2024届临沧市第一中学英语高三上期末考试试题含解析

2024届临沧市第一中学英语高三上期末考试试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Hearing the noise outside, Granny asked me .A．what is happening B．what was happeningC．what it was happening D．what was it happening2．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive ______.A．at all cost B．for a long whileC．in the long run D．by no means3．_____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class. A．What B．ThatC．When D．Who4．--Tom, your foreign teacher speaks Chinese fluently!--Oh, she has lived in China for six years; otherwise she such good Chinese. A．didn’t speak B．would not have spokenC．would not speak D．hadn’t spoken5．The collection, sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened, President Xi said.A．consideration B．conservationC．constitution D．construction6．Cells are important because they are organized structures that help living thingthe activities of life.A．carry on B．expand onC．put on D．hang on7．It is obvious to the students _____________they should get well prepared for their future.A．as B．thatC．which D．whether8．They did everything in their power to save the building dating back to the Qing Dynasty, but their efforts were .A．in turn B．in timeC．in vain D．in need9．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A．which B．whoC．where D．what10．Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you ________ .”A．will B．shouldC．can D．must11．More often than not, the enterprise around us are getting even richer, ________ recipe is don’t put all your eggs in one basket.A．of which B．whichC．whose D．of whom12．--Whenever you want a good meal, come to my restaurant and eat for free.--Believe me. That is an ________ I will not refuse.A．approach B．offerC．idea D．instruction13．— We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.— Sorry, I . I have another appointment.A．won’t B．shan’t C．can’t D．mustn’t14．—Where can we park car?—Don’t worry. There’s s ure to be parking lot nearby.A．the; the B．the; aC．不填; a D．不填; the15．Kimberly ______ an article, so don’t disturb her.A．would write B．writes C．wrote D．is writing16．NASA has made a ________ that our earth has no threat associated with the film 2012 which is based on pure myths.A．clarification B．classification C．identification D．presentation17．I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A．mightn’t B．mustn’tC．needn’t D．couldn’t18．—________ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.—Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of thewindow.A．Would B．ShallC．Must D．May19．Philips won 8 gold medals at the Beijing Olympic Games, __________astonished the world.A．that B．which C．what D．who20．— May I go out to play basketball, Mum?—________ Do what you like.A．Go ahead! B．You’ve got it.C．It’s your turn. D．Not at all!第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试物理试题(解析版)

云南省临沧市第一中学2018届高三上学期期末考试物理试题(解析版)

临沧市一中2017-2018学年上学期期末考试高三物理试题一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

其中第1、2、6、7、8、10题只有一个选项正确，其余的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得3分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）1. 半径为R 的球形物体固定在水平地面上，球心正上方有一光滑的小滑轮，滑轮到球面B 的距离为h ，轻绳的一端系一小球，靠放在半球上的A 点，另一端绕过定滑轮后用力拉住，使小球静止，如图所示，现缓慢地拉绳，在使小球由A 到B 的过程中，半球对小球的支持力N 和绳对小球的拉力T 的大小变化的情况是（ ）A. N 不变，T 变小B. N 不变，T 先变大后变小C. N 变小，T 先变小后变大D. N 变大，T 变小【答案】A【解析】【分析】 【详解】对小球受力分析如图所示，根据矢量三角形和力的图示的特点可知 mg N T h R R L==+ 小球由A 到B 的过程，只有定滑轮左侧的绳子L 变短，h 和R 均不变，所以N 不变，T 变小，故A 正确，BCD 错误．故选A 。

2. 甲、乙两车在公路上沿同一方向做直线运动，它们的v －t 图象如图所示．两图象在1t t =时相交于P 点，P 在横轴上的投影为Q ，△OPQ 的面积为S ．在t=0时刻，乙车在甲车前面，相距为d ．已知此后两车相遇两次，且第一次相遇的时刻为t '，第二次相遇时间为''t ，则下面四组t ',d 和''t 的组合可能的是A. 11'''2t t d s t t ===，，B. 1111'''24t t d s t t ===，，C. 11145'''393t t d s t t ，，=== D. 11177'''4164t t d s t t ===，， 【答案】D【解析】A. 若t '=t 1,d =s ,即t 1时间两车第一次相遇，由于此后乙车的速度大于甲车的速度，所以两者不可能再相遇，故A 错误；B. 若12t t '=,根据“面积”表示位移,可知d = 34s −14s =12s ,第二次相遇时刻为t ''=32t 1，故B 错误； C. 若113t t '=,根据“面积”表示位移,可知d =(1−49)s =59s ,第二次相遇时刻为t ''=t 1+23t 1=53t 1，故C 错误； D. 若114t t '=,根据“面积”表示位移,可知716d s =,第二次相遇时刻为t ''=t 1+34t 1=174t ，故D 正确． 故选：D ．点睛：v-t 图象中，与时间轴平行的直线表示做匀速直线运动，倾斜的直线表示匀变速直线运动，图象与坐标轴围成的面积表示位移．相遇要求在同一时刻到达同一位置．根据相遇的条件和几何关系分析． 3. 如图所示，倾角=30θ︒的斜面上有一重为G 的物体，在与斜面底边平行的水平推力作用下沿斜面上的虚线匀速运动，若图中=45ϕ︒，则A. 物体所受摩擦力方向平行于斜面沿虚线向上B. 物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数3=3μ C. 物体所受摩擦力方向与水平推力垂直且平行斜面向上D. 物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数6=μ 【答案】AD【解析】【分析】【详解】对物块进行受力分析，如图所示：物块在重力G 、斜面的支持力N 、推力F 、沿虚线方向上的摩擦力f 共同作用下沿斜面上的虚线匀速运动，因为G ，N ，F 三力的合力方向向下，故摩擦力f 方向沿斜面虚线向上，故A 正确；现将重力分解为沿斜面向下且垂直于底边（也垂直于推力F ）的下滑力1G 、垂直与斜面的力2G ，如图所示：其中2G 恰好把N 平衡掉了，这样可视为物体在推力F 、下滑力1G 、摩擦力f 三个力作用下沿斜面上的虚线匀速运动，根据三力平衡特点，F 与1G 的合力必沿斜面向下，同时摩擦力f 只能沿斜面向上，故选项A 对BC 错；根据几何关系，F 与1G 的合力11245G FG cos ==︒合，即12f G =，故物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数230630f Gsin N Gcos μ︒===︒，故选项D 正确． 【点睛】本题意在考查动态平衡问题，考查学生利用平衡条件求力的能力及空间想象能力，解答的关键是把空间的受力关系能转化为平面内的受力关系．4. 如图甲所示,水平面上的物体在水平向右的拉力F 作用下,由静止开始运动,运动过程中F 功率恒为P.物体运动速度的倒数1/v 与加速度a 的关系如图乙所示(v 0、a 0为已知量).则下列说法正确的是()A. 该运动过程中的拉力F 为恒力B. 物体加速运动的时间为v 0/a 0C. 物体所受阻力大小为P/v 0D. 物体的质量为P/v 0a 0【答案】CD【解析】 A 、由题意可知：P =Fv ，根据牛顿第二定律得：F -f =ma ，即得：P ma f v =+，联立解得： 1m f a v P P =+，匀速时有：01f v P =，0P f v =；图象的斜率001m P v a =，解得00P m a v =，故C 、D 正确，A 、B 错误．故选CD ． 【点睛】本题与汽车起动类似，要抓住功率公式P =Fv 分析拉力的变化，利用牛顿第二定律表示出1v与a 的关系式是解决本题的关键． 5. 如图所示，在光滑的水平地面上有一质量可以忽略不计的长木板，木板上放置A 、B 两个可做质点的物块，两物体的质量分别为m A =2kg ，m B =1kg ，已知物块A 、B 与长木块之间的动摩擦因数均为μ=0．2，重力加速度g 取10m/s 2，最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力．现有物块A 上施加一个水平向左的恒定拉力F ，则以下说法正确的是（ ）A. 若F=3N ，则A 、B 都相对木板静止不动B. 若F=3N ，则B 物块受到的摩擦力大小为1．5NC. 若F=8N ，则B 物块受到的摩擦力大小为4ND. 若F=8N ，则B 物块的加速度为2m/s 2【答案】AD【解析】A 与木板间的最大静摩擦力：f A =μm A g=0．2×2×10N=4N ，B 与木板间的最大静摩擦力：f B =μm B g=0．2×1×10N=2N当B 刚要相对于板滑动时静摩擦力达到最大值，由牛顿第二定律得 f B =m B a 0，又f B =μm B g ，可得 a 0=2m/s 2；对整体，有 F 0=（m A +m B ）•a 0=3×2N=6N 若F=3N ＜F 0，则A 、B 都相对木板静止不动，设加速度为a ，由牛顿第二定律：对整体，有a=21F F m m -+甲乙=1m/s 2； 对B ：f B =m B a=1N ，故A 正确，B 错误；若F=8N ，B 相对板运动，B 物块受到的摩擦力大小f B =μm B g=0．2×1×10N=2N 由 μm B g=m B a ，得 a=μg=2m/s 2，故C 错误，D 正确．6. 如图，一束单色光射入一玻璃球体，入射角为60°．已知光线在玻璃球内经一次反射后，再次折射回到空气中时与入射光线平行．此玻璃的折射率为A. B. 1.5 C. D. 2【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析：据题意，由于出射光线和入射光线平行，则光线AB和光线BC关于法线B0对称，则法线与出射光线和入射光线平行，所以∠ABO=30°，则折射角r=∠OAB=30°，据折射定律有：n=sin60°/sin30°=，所以C选项正确．考点：光的折射定律【名师点睛】本题考查光的折射和折射定律的应用．解题的关键是画出规范的光路图，要根据反射光路的对称性，由几何知识作出光路，然后在入射点的位置，求出折射角，应用光的折射定律列得方程求解；此题意在考查学生对基本公式的应用程度．7. 如图所示，两个半径相同的半圆形轨道分别竖直放在匀强磁场和匀强电场中，轨道两端在同一高度上，轨道是光滑的．两个相同的带正电小球同时从两轨道左端最高点由静止释放，M、N为轨道的最低点，则()A. 两小球到达轨道最低点的速度v M＝v NB. 两小球到达轨道最低点的速度v M>v NC. 小球第一次到达M点的时间大于小球第一次到达N点的时间D. 在磁场中小球能到达轨道的另一端，在电场中小球不能到达轨道的另一端【答案】BD【解析】【分析】【详解】AB.小球在磁场中运动时洛伦兹力不做功，所以只有重力做功．在电场中受的电场力向左，下滑过程中电场力做负功，所以到达最低点时速度关系为v M>v N，故A错误，B正确；C.整个过程的平均速度M v> N v，所以时间t M<t N，故C错误；D. 由于电场力做负功，电场中的小球不能到达轨道的另一端．故D正确．故选BD8. 美国科研人员2016年2月11日宣布，他们利用激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO）于去年9月首次探测到引力波，证实了爱因斯坦100年前所做的猜测．在爱因斯坦的描述中，有质量的物体会使它周围的时空发生扭曲，物体质量越大，时空就扭曲的越厉害．当有质量的两物体加速旋转的时候，他们周围的时空会发生起伏，震颤，波浪……这种“时空扰动”以波（涟漪）的形式向外传播，这就是“引力波”．其实只要有质量的物体加速运动就会产生引力波，不同方式产生的引力波的波长是不一样的．引力波是以光速传播的时空扰动，是横波．引力波和物质之间的相互作用极度微弱，因此它的衰减也是极度缓慢的．引力波的发现为我们打开了研究宇宙的全新窗口，引力波携带着与电磁波截然不同的信息，将为我们揭示宇宙新的奥秘．根据上述材料做下列推断，其中一定错误的是A. 引力波应该只能在真空中传播B. 引力波应该携带波源的信息C. 引力波应该有偏振现象D. 引力波应该不容易被探测到【答案】A【解析】试题分析：由题中的信息可知，引力波是横波，它与物体之间的相互作用极度微弱，故它能在真空是传播，也能够在空气中传播，我们在地球上接收引波，并研究它，不正说明它可以在空气中传播吗？故选项A错误；引力波应该携带波源的信息，这是波的共同性质，选项B正确；引力波是横波，而横波就有偏振现象，选项C正确；引力波非常微弱，故应该不容易被探测到，选项D正确．考点：引力波，横波．9. 如图所示，竖直光滑杆固定不动，套在杆上的轻质弹簧下端固定，将套在杆上的滑块向下压缩弹簧至离地高度h=0．40m处，滑块与弹簧不拴接．现由静止释放滑块，通过传感器测量出滑块的速度和离地高度h，计算出滑块的动能E K，并作出滑块的E K-h图象，其中高度从0．80m上升到1．40m范围内图象为直线，其余部分为曲线．若以地面为重力势能的零势能面，取g=10m/s2，则结合图象可知（）A. 滑块的质量为1．00 kgB. 弹簧原长为0．72 mC. 弹簧最大弹性势能为10．00 JD. 滑块的重力势能与弹簧的弹性势能总和最小为3．60J【答案】AD【解析】试题分析：在0．80m 上升到1．40m 内，△E k =△E P =mg △h ，图线的斜率绝对值为：60101.400.80k E k N mg h -====-，则 m=1．00kg ，故A 正确；在E k -h 图象中，根据动能定理知：图线的斜率大小表示滑块所受的合外力，由于高度从0．80m 上升到1．40m 范围内图象为直线，其余部分为曲线，说明滑块从0．80m 上升到1．40m 范围内所受作用力为恒力，则从h=0．8m 开始，滑块与弹簧分离，弹簧的原长的0．8m ．故B 错误；根据能的转化与守恒可知，当滑块上升至最大高度时，增加的重力势能即为弹簧最大弹性势能，所以E pm =mg △h=1．00×10×（1．40-0．4）=10．00J ，故C 正确；由图可知，当h=0．56m 时的动能最大；在滑块整个运动过程中，系统的动能、重力势能和弹性势能之间相互转化，因此动能最大时，滑块的重力势能与弹簧的弹性势能总和最小，根据能的转化和守恒可知，E Pmin =E-E km =E pm +mgh-E km =10．00+1．00×10×（0．72-0．40）-6．40=6．8J ，故D 错误；故选AC ． 考点：机械能守恒定律；动能定理【名师点睛】本题是能量守恒定律和图象的理解与应用问题，根据该图象的形状得出滑块从0．8m 上升到1．40m 范围内所受作用力为恒力，说明物体不再受到弹簧的弹力的作用是解题的关键．10. 图中画出了氢原子的4个能级,并注明了相应的能量E.处在4n =的能级的1200个氢原子向低能级跃迁时,能够发出若干种不同频率的光子.若这些受激氢原子最后都回到基态,假定处在量子数为n 的激发态的氢原子跃迁到各较低能级的原子数都是处在该激发态能级上的原子总数的11n -,已知金属钾的逸出功为2.22eV .则在此过程中发出的光子,能够从金属钾的表面打出光电子的光子数为A. 2200B. 2000C. 1600D. 2400【答案】C【解析】 根据题中所给信息，处在量子数为4的激发态的氢原子跃迁到各较低能级的原子数都是处在该激发态能级上的原子总数的13，即向量子数为2、3的激发态和基态各跃迁1200×13=400个，发出光子400×3=1200个；同理，处在量子数为3的激发态的400个氢原子跃迁到量子数为2的激发态和基态的原子数都是400×12=200个，发出光子200×2=400个；处在量子数为2的激发态的400+200=600个氢原子跃迁到基态的原子数是600×1=600个，发出光子600个．处在n=4的能级的一群氢原子向低能级跃迁时能发出不同光电子的数目为24C=6种，n=4跃迁到n=3辐射的光子能量为0.66eV，n=3跃迁到n=2辐射的光子能量为1.89eV，均小于2.22eV，不能使金属钾发生光电效应，其它四种光子能量都大于2.22eV．所以在此过程中能够从金属钾的表面打出光电子的光子数为1600个．故选C．11. 如图所示，A、B是质量分别为m和2m的小环，一半径为R的光滑半圆形细轨道，其圆心为O，竖直固定在地面上．轨道正上方离地高为h处固定一水平光滑长直细杆.杆与轨道在同一竖直平面内，杆上P点处固定一定滑轮，P点位于O点正上方．A套在杆上，B套在轨道上，一条不可伸长的轻绳通过定滑轮连接两环．两环均可看作质点，且不计滑轮大小与摩擦.现对A环施加一水平向右的力F，使B环从地面由静止开始沿轨道运动．则A. 若缓慢拉动A环，B环缓慢上升至D点的过程中，F一直减小B. 若缓慢拉动A环，B环缓慢上升至D点的过程中，外力F所做的功等于B环机械能的增加量C. 若F为恒力，B环最终将静止在D点D. 若F为恒力，B环被拉到与A环速度大小相等时，sin∠OPB=R h【答案】ABD【解析】A：以B环为研究对象，受力分析如图：据力三角形与△PBO相似可得2T mgPB PO，B环缓慢上升至D点的过程中，PO不变，PB减小，则绳子拉力减小，F T=，则F一直减小．故A项正确．B：据功能关系，外力F做的功等于AB组成系统机械能的增加量，缓慢拉动A，则A的动能不变，A的高度不变，重力势能不变，所以外力F所做的功等于B环机械能的增加量．故B项正确．C：若F为恒力，且B环能运动到D点速度不为零时，B环会经过D点后沿半圆轨道运动到右侧最低点，然后沿轨道返回到左侧最低点，之后将重复运动．故C项错误．D：当PB线与圆轨道相切时，两环速度相等，据数学知识有Rsin OPBh∠=．故D项正确．综上答案为ABD．点睛：绳连接、杆连接的物体沿绳（杆）方向的速度分量相等；此题中当环与圆轨道相切时两环速度大小相等．12. 如图所示，两平行光滑导轨竖直固定．边界水平的匀强磁场宽度为h，方向垂直于导轨平面．两相同的导体棒a、b中点用长为h的绝缘轻杆相接，形成“工”字型框架，框架置于磁场上方，b棒距磁场上边界的高度为h，两棒与导轨接触良好．保持a、b棒水平，由静止释放框架，b棒刚进入磁场即做匀速运动，不计导轨电阻．则在框架下落过程中，a棒所受轻杆的作用力F及a棒的机械能E随下落的高度h变化的关系图象，可能正确的是( )A.B.C.D.【答案】BCD【解析】试题分析：框架在进入磁场前做自由落体运动，轻杆对a作用力为零，b进入磁场后，框做匀速运动，a处于平衡状态，杆对a的作用力F=mg，方向向上，当框架下落2h，a棒进入磁场后，a受到轻杆的作用力大小等于重力，方向向下，故A错误，B正确；C、框架进入磁场前做自由落体运动，机械能守恒，机械能不变，线框进入磁场后做匀速直线运动，动能不变，重力势能减小，机械能减少，框架完全离开磁场后，只受重力作用，机械能守恒，由于零重力势能点不确定，故CD都正确；故选BCD．考点：机械能守恒定律；电磁感应现象及楞次定律.13. 如图是质谱仪的工作原理示意图．带电粒子被加速电场加速后，进入速度选择器．速度选择器内相互正交的匀强磁场和匀强电场分别为B和E．平板S上有可让粒子通过的狭缝P和记录粒子位置的胶片A1A2．平板S下方有磁感应强度为B0的匀强磁场．下列表述正确的是（）A. 质谱仪是分析同位素的重要工具B. 速度选择器中的磁场方向垂直纸面向内C. 能通过的狭缝P的带电粒子的速率等于E/BD. 粒子打在胶片上的位置越靠近狭缝P，粒子的比荷越小【答案】AC【解析】【分析】【详解】AD．粒子打在胶片上的位置到狭缝的距离即其做匀速圆周运动的直径2mv=qBD,可见D越小，则粒子的荷质比越大，因此利用该装置可以分析同位素，A正确，D错误．B．粒子在题图中的电场中加速，说明粒子带正电．其通过速度选择器时，电场力与洛伦兹力平衡，则洛伦兹力方向应水平向左，由左手定则知，磁场的方向应垂直纸面向外，选项B错误；C．由Eq=Bqv可知，v=E/B，选项C正确；14. 一根张紧的水平弹性长绳上的a、b两点，相距14.0m，b点在a点的右方，如图所示．当一列简谐横波沿此长绳向右传播时，若a点的位移达到正向最大值时，b点的位移恰为零，且向下运动，经过1.00s后，a 点的位移为零，且向下运动，而b点的位移达到负向最大值，则这简谐横波的波速可能等于（）A. 143m/s B.703m/sC. 6m/sD. 14m/s【答案】AB【解析】由题，当简谐横波沿长绳向右传播时，若a点的位移达到正最大时，b点的位移恰为零且向下运动，则ab间距离x ab=（n+34）λ，n=0，1，2，…，得到波长4564343abxmn nλ==++．又据题意，经过1.00s后a点的位移为零，且向下运动，而b点的位移恰达到负最大，则时间t=1.00s=（k+14）T，得到周期441T sk=+，k=0，1，2…，则波速()144143kvT nλ+==+当k=0，n=0时，v=4.67m/s；当k=1，n=0时，v=703m/s；由于n、k是整数，v不可能等于6m/s和14m/s．故选AB．点睛：此题是波的多解题，首先判断波的传播方向，其次，根据波形及传播方向，列出波沿不同方向传播时可能传播距离和周期的通式，再次，看质点间隐含的不同波长的关系，列出波长的通式，再分别将n=0，1，2…代入通式可求得所有可能的答案，要防止漏解或用特解代通解．15. 如图所示，一块足够长的木板，放在光滑水平面上，在木板上自左向右放有序号是1、2、3、……、n的木块，所有木块的质量均为m ，与木块间的动摩擦因数都相同.开始时，木板静止不动，第1、2、3、……、n 号木块的初速度分别为v 0、2v 0、3v 0、……、nv 0，v 0方向向右，木板的质量与所有木块的总质量相等，最终所有木块与木板以共同速度匀速运动，则 （ ）A. 所有木块与木板一起匀速运动的速度为01v 4n + B. 所有木块与木板一起匀速运动的速度为012n v + C. 若n=9，则第8号木块在整个运动过程中的最小速度为0229v D. 若n=9，则第8号木块在整个运动过程中的最小速度为03516v 【答案】AC 【解析】AB ：根据动量守恒有：0000232n mv mv mv nmv nmv +++⋅⋅⋅+＝，解得：014n n v v +＝ 故A 正确B 错误CD ：设经过1t 时间，第1块木块与木板的速度相同，设此时木板的速度为1v ，则：对第1个木块：110mgt mv mv μ-=- 对木板：110n mgt nmv μ=-，联立解得：1012v v =1012mgt mv μ= 设再经过2t 时间，第2块木块与木板的速度相同，设此时木板的速度为2v ，则： 对第2个木块：1220()(2)mg t t mv m v μ-+=-对木板和第1个木块：221(1)(1)()n mgt n m v v μ-=+-， 解得：20212n v v n -=2012n mgt mv nμ+= 再经过3t 时间，第3块木块与木板的速度相同，设此时木板的速度为3v ，则： 对第3个木块：12330()(3)mg t t t mv m v μ-++=-对木板和第1、2个木块：332(2)(2)()n mgt n m v v μ-=+-， ……再经过k t 时间，第k 块木块与木板的速度相同，设此时木板的速度为k v ，则：对第k 个木块：1230()()k k mg t t t t mv m kv μ-+++⋅⋅⋅+=-对木板和第1、2、3…、k-1个木块：31(1)(1)()k k n k mgt n k m v v μ-+-=+--， 解得：0(21)4k n k v kv n +-=，将9,8n k ==代入：80229v v =故C 正确D 错误16. 水平直道托乒乓球跑步比赛，比赛距离为s ；比赛时某同学将球置于球拍中心，以大小为a 的加速度从静止开始做匀加速直线运动，当速度达到v 0时，再以v 0做匀速直线运动跑到终点．整个过程中球一直保持在球拍中心不动，比赛中该同学在匀速直线运动阶段保持球拍的倾角为θ0，如图所示，设球在运动中受到空气阻力大小与其速度大小成正比，方向与运动方向相反，不计球与球拍之间的摩擦，球的质量为m ，重力加速度为g ，则（ ）A. 乒乓球匀加速过程中受到板的弹力不变B. 空气阻力大小与球速大小的比例系数0tan mg k v θ=C. 加速跑阶段球拍倾角θ随速度v 变化的关系式00tan tan a vg v θθ=+ D. 加速跑阶段球拍倾角θ随速度v 变化的关系式00tan cot a vg v θθ=+ 【答案】BC 【解析】试题分析：在匀速运动阶段，有：00tan mg kv θ=，得：0tan mg k v θ=，B 正确；加速阶段，设球拍对球的支持力为N '，有：sin N kv ma θ'-=，cos N mg θ'=，得00tan tan a vg v θθ=+，弹力在增大，C 正确AD 错误；考点：考查了共点力平衡条件的应用，力的合成与分解【名师点睛】关键是对球受力分析，然后将力沿合适的方向分解，根据共点力平衡条件以及牛顿第二定律列式求解分析判断二、填空题（共12分）17. 某实验小组利用如图甲所示的实验装置来测量匀加速直线运动的加速度。

2019-2020学年云南临沧区一中高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年云南临沧区一中高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年云南临沧区一中高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), red tourism has gained popularity among tourists who flood in to visit historic sites with a modern revolutionary heritage.JinggangshanThis is one of the most crucial and splendid chapters of history of establishing Red China as well as a unique and wonderful ecosystem, which is covered with rich forest, rugged peaks and several memorials to the Red Army. The best time to visit is between April and October, with the most temperature timing April and May when the large azaleas (杜鹃花) bloom.Open: 8:00-17:00 (Feb. 16-Nov. 15). 8:00-16:30 (Nov. 16-Feb. 15)XibaipoIt is an old revolutionary base where the leadership of the Communist Party of China was stationed, drawing up the blueprint for a new country. A memorial hall was built to honor the memory of this site. The lake and the hill here add brilliance and beauty to each other and form pleasant scenery.Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 9:30-17:00 (Xibaipo Memorial Hall)The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial HallA new exhibition is held with updated display approaches, including phantom imaging (全息影像) and oil painting, which are used to improve visitors' experiences. The exhibition shows four stages of the CPC from its establishment to its achievements.Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 8:30-18:00 (closed on Mondays)Former Site of the Editorial Department ofNew YouthNew Youthstarted the New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement. The site was briefly based in Beijing but moved back to Shanghai in 1920 and also served as the office for the Communist Party of China Central Committee in the 1920s.Open: Thursdays to Tuesdays 9:00 - 11:30, 13:30 - 16:30 (closed on Wednesdays)1. Where would visitors learn more about the history of the Red Army?A. Jinggangshan.B. Xibaipo.C. The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall.D. Former Site of the Editorial Department ofNew Youth.2. What do we know about the Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall?A. It focuses on Chinese achievements in art.B. It mainly advertises the coming anniversary.C. It applies modernized methods to the exhibition.D. It briefly introduces the rise and fall of Nanhu.3. When can tourists visit Former Site of the Editorial Department ofNew Youth?A. At 1:00 p.m. on Mondays.B. At 9:00 a.m. on Wednesdays.C. At 2:00 p.m. on Fridays.D. At 5:00 p.m on Sundays.BThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.4. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.5. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.6. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.7. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protectionCAbout a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.8. Why did Lori make the call?A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.9. What impressed “I” by Lori?A. Lori was good at running recruiting.B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.D“My P.E. teacher taught me maths.”It has been a common joke for years but when a P.E. teacher applied for the head-teacher job, many parents worried that “the joke could come true”. Some parents asked, “Does the P.E. teacher know maths and English?If not, how is he supposed to tutor the students?” But there were still parents who believed P.E. teachers had more time to discipline the students since they didn’t have many classes.This concern is actually a “subject bias”, that is, choosing a P.E. teacher as the head-teacher is not good for the students’ grades since he doesn’t know Chinese, maths, or English. It is acceptable for Chinese teachers, maths teachers and English teachers to be head-teachers because these subjects are important to entrance exams and scores. Such a concern reflects parents’ anxiety in the current educational environment, which tends to link the head-teacher’s responsible subject with the facts whether the school cares about the class and the children’s performances in the subject.Many people care about their kids’ academic performances only. They don’t care about their kids’ P.E. performance at all. Even if kids have P.E. classes, parents care little. P.E. teachers are in humble position and their classes are often occupied by other teachers. Of course, if students, P.E. performance is related to grades and entrance exams, parents won’t mind “a P.E. teacher being the head-teacher”.At the moment, P.E. is gradually included in entrance exams.In terms of high school entrance examination,Guangzhouwill launch a new high school entrance exam which includes P.E. performance and Health examination in 2021, raising the score to 70 points.In terms of the college entrance examination, universities having the right of independent enrollments added P.E. tests to their entrance exams in 2019. This practice is seen as an important signal that the assessment of physical fitness and athletic ability, which are important aspects of a student’s overall quality, may be included in the college entrance examination in the future.We hope that it’s a trend for P.E. teachers, music teachers and art teachers to become head-teachers.12. By saying “My P.E. teacher taught me maths”, what does the author intend to show us?A. It is just a joke that seldom happened in reality.B. P.E. teachers hardly assist students in maths.C. P.E. teachers are good at teaching maths..D. Parents doubt the ability of P.E. teacher.13. We can infer from paragraph 2 that a P.E. teacher .A. is of little benefit for students’ academic performanceB. is humbler than Chinese, math or English teachersC. reflects whether the school cares about the classD. gets unfairly judged due to the current educational system14. Why doesGuangzhouraise proportion of P.E. performance in high school entrance examination?A. To raise students’ awareness of physical health.B. To call on parents to pay attention to P.E. teachers.C. To test the overall ability of high school students.D. To make P.E. teachers equal with other teachers.15. What opinion does the author hold towards P.E. teachers working as head-teachers?A. Neutral.B. Unexpected.C. Supportive.D. Critical.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn Sweden, McDonald’s is building “bee hotels” on the back of its roadside billboards (广告牌) to help save the country’s decreasing bee population. It launched the campaign together with outdoor advertising giant JCDecaux. Six large wooden bee hotels, with drilled holes on the front, first appeared on the back of a north-facing billboard in Jarfalla in September.“Without pollination (授粉) from bees, a thirdof the food we eat would be threatened.” McDonald’s said. But it turns out that at least 30 percent of the country’s wild bee population is endangered, according to the fast-food chain. A big problem is that they lack places to live. Based on data released by Chalmers University of Technology, we know Sweden owns 274 species of bees, of which 37 species are bumblebees, and more than a third are decreasing or face the risk of decreasing. Their natural habitats have been damaged by factors including the changes of agricultural activities and fast urbanization (城市化). Fortunately, most bees are able to survive in urban habitats, like the bee hotels.Every McDonald’s authorized restaurant in Sweden will be allowed to order their own bee hotel billboards and design the messages by themselves, as the fast-food chain says. It is their hope that the number of hotels could grow to a greater extent in the near future. Great efforts in addition to that have been made by the company. On World Bee Day, May 20, it introduced “the world’s smallest McDonald’s”. McHive, which could function as an actual beehive (蜂箱). Designed by set designer Nilsson himself, the creation was sold for $10,000 at a charity fundraiser held for Ronald McDonald House Charities.Beehives can be found on the rooftops of some McDonald’s restaurants in Sweden, too. This took place in certain areas but is now followed by an increasing number of participants. More McDonald’s restaurants are making an effort to improve the living conditions of wild bees by removing the grass round their restaurants to grow flowers and plants instead.1. According to the passage, the challenge that wild bees are facing is ________A. the fast process of industry.B. the world's Large amount of trash.C. the rapid development of urbanization.D. the sharp growth of population.2. How does McDonald's help wild bees in Sweden?A. By providing shelters for bees.B. By offering food to bees.C. By advertising rescue activities.D. By putting up more billboards.3. What is the best title for the text?A. Wild bees in dangerB. The loss of bees’ habitatsC McDonald’s bee hotelsD. The protection of wild beesBIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not even the simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants4. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands5. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.6. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureCAmerica---that glorious symbol of multiculturalism, the great melting pot---qualifies as part of the developed world, right? Not quite, if we consider the state of second language learning in schools across the country. According to a 2018 study, Europe often tops the U.S. in foreign language education in school. 92% of European students are learning a foreign language in school. In America it’s only 20%. In more than 20 European countries, studying a foreign language for at least one year is compulsory. In comparison, only 10 states and D.C. require learning a foreign language for graduation.I went to a public school in Pennsylvania that ranked onNewsweek’s list of America’s top high schools in 2015. Foreign language learning was not a graduation requirement. A common response to such stories and statistics is: So what? Why should Americans care about learning another language when English has recently seemed todominate as the official language of the world?The world is globalizing faster than we can imagine. More than half of the world’s population speaks more than one language. It is also increasingly becoming the need for success in this globalizing world. Having the ability to speak a second language opens up the possibility of travelling and immersing yourself in another part of the world. This means people can feel other cultures, and traditions in places you were previously kept away because you could not communicate in the language.The teaching of foreign languages can be instrumental in bringing about peace and unity in the country we live in. Learning a second language can be an efficient vehicle to help to bridge communities. To speak another language means having access to a universe of different experiences and world views of another community of people.8. Why does the writer mention Europe?A. America makes studying a foreign language compulsory.B. America is the glorious symbol of multiculturalism.C. America isn’t really qualified as the developed world.D. America doesn’t focus on foreign language education9. What is American’s attitude towards education of foreign languages?A. Less concerned.B. More worried.C. Quite doubtful.D. Very supportive.10. What can visiting people do if they can speak the language where they visit?A. Make the world globalizing.B. Achieve success in business.C. Experience people’s real life there.D. Keep away their own culture.11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Using a second language can bring harmony.B. Communities of people enjoy the great views.C. Speaking another language is reallynecessary.D. Learning a second language can be difficult.DAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.12. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.13. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.14. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.15. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.AlcoholShocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.TeaChina is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.The Mechanical ClockHave you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.Silk FabricSilk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.A.people in the US like alcoholB.beer was popular in the Xia DynastyC.Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accidentD.the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention2.The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.A.ancient Chinese inventors were wiserB.many things in our lives are incompleteC.ancient Chinese people never wasted timeD.the invention of the mechanical clock is important3.Which of the following invention has a longer history?A.Tea.B.Alcohol.C.Silk fabric.D.The mechanical clock.BAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and evenillness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.4. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality6. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.7. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.CHi, Momis a hit inChina. Since its release in early February the movie has earned more than 5 billion yuan at the box office. It is currently the second-highest-grossing film ever released in the country, and may yet overtakeWolf Worrior2, an action film from 2017.Written and directed by Jia Ling, the film is adapted from her comedy routine from 2016 which explored her relationship with her mother, who died in an accident when Ms. Jia was 19. At a time when many people have been separated from their families, the themes of grief and filial piety (孝道) inHi, Mombring agreement.The film’s impressive box office income is also a reminder of the health of the industry inChinacompared withHollywood. In the West cinemas remain closed due to lockdown or operate at limited capacity; inChina, where many restrictions have been lifted, between 50% and 75% of seats are available to book. During the Spring Festival, Chinese cinemas made an estimated $1.5 billion in ticket sales – 71% of takings at the American box office in all of 2020.With cinemas shut, film-sales agent stopped bringingHollywoodmovies to market. That has given locally made films a chance to excel. Since 2013, domestic films have taken around 60% of total box office earnings. In 2021, that number may get closer to 100%.8. What can be inferred from the first paragraph aboutHi, Mom?A. It will be a success.B.Wolf Worrior2 will be released after it.C. It is better than Wolf Worrior 2.D. It may be the first-highest-grossing film inChina.9. Which statement is NOT true according to the text?A. The film industry inChinais developing better than that inHollywood.B. The film is based on a real story.C. You can’t go to cinema because there are many restrictions.D. Many people can’t see their families often nowadays.10. What is the author’s attitude towards local films?A. NegativeB. PositiveC. IndifferentD. Skeptical11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Local Movies Arise.B. China Film Industry.C. Comedy Time.D.Hi, Mom-China’s Latest Hit.DGlobally, people use roofs to dry out food, do their laundry and sleep. In Belfast, where we're based, there's aculture of enjoying looking down on the city from up high, because it's in a valley. But because we were a conflict area for a long time,many people didn't want to live, work or hang out in the city, and our roofs cape has been neglected.Rooftop projects can be as big or as small as you want. They can be used as social or cultural spaces, for green or blue public facilities. But it's not just about commercial opportunities; it can be as simple as an individual turning his/her city balcony into a mini garden or vegetable patch. It's not just about doing it on a rooftop because it's “cool”.It's about giving up the deep-rooted thought that roofs are off limits and embracing their challenges as opportunities. That can make a huge difference. For instance, we're helping turn the rooftop car park of a city central shopping centre into an outdoor space for employees, due to restrictions they now face indoors because of COVID-19.Using rooftops creatively allows us to cope with many of the challenges faced by cities today--be those environmental, social, technological, or cultural. At the moment,we're being forced to rethink how we use public spaces due to COVID-19. With lots of restrictions on enclosed areas, we should be acknowledging rooftops alternatives.For example,Rotterdam recently hosted a play that took place across its rooftops. Each roof lit up and hosted a different part of the drama, while residents sat and watched, listening to the action through headphones. Are there any challenges? Rain is one. Also is health and safety. But there are creative and practical solutions to all the barriers we face. In fact,the challenges are what make rooftops so exciting----because they give you even more opportunities to be creative and solve problems. It is always a matter of trial and error.12. What can we learn about rooftops in the first two paragraphs?A. People enjoy getting together on rooftops.B. People can use rooftops to their own advantage.C. Rooftops are made good use of by locals in Belfast.D. Rooftops projects were launched for commercial reasons.13. How can rooftops benefit people in their life?A. Rooftops can be adapted to car parks.B. Rooftops help solve environmental problems.C. Rooftops can provide space for work and play.D. People can exchange their thoughts on rooftops.14. What will be possibly mentioned after the last paragraph?A. The new challenges of the future.B. Reasons for building rooftop projects.C. Exciting development of rooftop projects.D. Solutions to the challenges we are facing now.15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To introduce rooftop projects in Belfast.B. To encourage people to start rooftop projects.C. To analyze the current situation of rooftop projects.D. To offer suggestions on long-term city development.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACharlie Thorne and the Last Equationby Stuart GibbsThe CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式) called Pandora, which could destroy the world if the wrong people get it. For help, they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who's as smart as Albert Einstein. People who like action-packed mysteries will enjoy reading this exciting book.AstroNutsby Jon Scieszka and Steven WeinbergIn AstroNuts, the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmore, the headquarters (总部) of NNASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one: Plant Planet. The story's theme (主题) is simple: Don't harm the planet. Readers who love fantasy will enjoy AstroNuts.Stargazingby Jen WangChristine hears that Moon, who's new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on author Jen Wang's experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship and how people are able to change.Roll with Itby Jamie SumnerRoll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to navigate (处理) a new school and new friendships. This page-turner is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of familyand how being different is special.1. Which book tells readers to protect the place we live in?A.AstroNutsB.Stargazing.C.Roll with It.D.Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.2. What makes Stargazing different from the other three books?A. It talks about friendship.B. It tells stories about animals.C. It contains lots of scientific knowledge.D. It was written according to the author's experiences.3. What happened to Ellie?A. She had difficulty in making friends.B. She had an accident which left her in a wheelchair.C. She went to a new school and had to start all over again.D. She lost her mum and was taken care of by her grandpa.BWhen I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived atHeathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch theskaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caughta few of his glances. “I was a localhere 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”4. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.5. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don't worry!6. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for children's health.C. Children need a sense of belongingD. Seeing the world is a must for children.CMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” LiuQi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.8. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous9. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition10. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.11. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesDIn Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. Now scientists have figured out what makes the tree’s sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people callit the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by native Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you touch a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked(舔) at the places where they’d been injected,indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small s of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.12. Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A. Because it has so unusual an appearance.B. Because it is extremely rare in existence.C. Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D. Because the pain caused by it doesn’t go away quickly.13. What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A. How it produces poisons.B. What poisons it produces.C. How it benefits from the sting.D. The consequences of its sting.14. What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A. It produces the same poisons as spiders.B. Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.C. Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D. Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.15. What’s the best title for the text?A. Scientists Discover Stinging Tree's SecretB. Caution: Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison YouC. Scientists Discover a Strange Species in AustraliaD. Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging Tree第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AUnique LighthousesAugust 7 is National Lighthouse Day. It's a day to celebrate the lights that guide us home and the historic importance of lighthouses and their keepers, who not only guided ships into harbor but also played key roles in naval battles across the globe. Check out these fantastic lighthouses across the globe as well as recommendations on the best places to stay near them.Cape Byron Lighthouse, Byron Bay, AustraliaThe Cape Byron Lighthouse in Byron Bay, Australia was built in the early 20th century to help protect the Australian coastline. Today, it's a beautiful location to watch the sunrise. Within walking distance is the Watermark, a perfect place to stay and get some much-needed rest and relaxation from daily life.Lighthouse of Chania, Crete, GreeceThe Lighthouse of Chania, Crete is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world, dating back to the sixteenth century. Travelers can take a walk along its long pier (码头) during the sunset. Located near the pier to the lighthouse is a hotel from 1890, which offers beautiful views of the bay.Key West Lighthouse, Key West, Florida, USAThe Key West Lighthouse was built in 1825 to help guide ships entering the port. Travelers can enjoy climbing up the lighthouse to reach the wonderful sea views and can stay at the KimptonLighthouse Hotel, with easy access to the lighthouse and the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum.Pigeon Point Lighthouse, Pescadero, California, USAThe Pigeon Point Lighthouse in Pescadero, California was built in1871 to help ships navigate (导航) the region's dangerous coastline. Today, the lighthouse is a state landmark, and the quarters where the lighthouse keepers lived have been turned into a hostel, making it a great home base to explore the outdoors, spot whales and watch the stars.1. Why is National Lighthouse Day celebrated?A. To show the hard life of lighthouse keepers.B. To instruct how to guide ships into harbor.C. To honor lighthouses and their keepers.D. To stress the importance of light.2. Of the following lighthouses, which is the oldest?A. Cape Byron Lighthouse.B. Lighthouse of Chania.C. Key West Lighthouse.D. Pigeon Point Lighthouse.3. What do the listed lighthouses have in common?A. They are all located in the USA.B. They have becometourist attractions.C. They offer accommodation to visitors.D. They are good spots to watch the sunrise.BAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.4. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.5. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.6. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelCIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.8. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.9. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.10. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.11. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.DWhy can friendships be hard? Because often people aren't as honest and open as they should be. Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you'd like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship, because it is really the only way to makesure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you, if he or she is in your shoes.Even if you're always thinking about how you'd like to be treated, and your friends are too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends, or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.12. Why may problems with friendships appear?A. One is selfish.B. One is alone.C. One is too anxious.D. One is too busy.13. What's the first and most important thing to be other people's friend?A. Not to hurt your friends' feelings.B. To give your friends whatever you have.C. To treat your friends as fairly as possible.D. Not to think of your own needs any more.14. What is the text mainly about?A. The Meaning of FriendshipsB. The Importance of FriendshipsC. The Advantages of FriendshipsD. The Problems with Friendships15. What may follow the last paragraph of the text?A. How to make many friends.B. How to keep friends happy.C. How to treat friends correctly.D. How to solve friendship issues.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年临沧市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AJuanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.1.Which of the following is true?A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.B.He doesn’t drink wine now.C.He cannot speak a foreign language.D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.A.not a tiring journey at allB.just an interesting voyageC.far from a voyage for pleasureD.more than a pleasant travel by seaBSleep problems in early childhood may be linked to the development of certain mental health disorders in adolescence, according to a new research.A study of 7,155 children in theUnited Kingdomfound that waking up frequently during the night and irregular sleep routines as babies and toddlers was linked to psychotic experiences in children aged 12 and 13. Also, children who slept for shorter periods at night were more likely to be associated with borderline personality disorder at ages 11 and 12.The research, published in the journalJAMA Psychiatry, was the first time possible links between early childhood sleep problems and adolescent psychotic experiences and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms have been examined.“We know from previous research that persistent nightmares in children have been associated with both psychosis and borderline personality disorder,” said lead author Isabel at theInstituteofMental Healthat theUniversityofBirmingham.“But nightmares don’t tell the whole story. We’ve found that, in fact, a number of behavioral sleep problems in childhood can point towards these problems in adolescence,” she said.Adolescence, typically defined as the ages between 10 and 19, is a key period in human development because of brain and hormonal changes, anditis now thought to be when many mental health problems start.Prior research inAustraliafound that babies with persistent severe sleep problems in their first year were at greater risk for anxiety and emotional issues in later childhood. Sleep problems in children and adolescents have been shown to predict the development of various emotional and behavioral problems, including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, risk-taking and aggression. However, findings have been inconsistent, especially when based on objective measurements of sleep, rather than parental reports.Sleep and mental health are closely connected in adults, with sleep problems increasing the risk for developing particular mental illnesses as well as resulting in mental health issues.4. What can we know from paragraph 3?A. Childhood sleep problems probably cause youth mental health problems.B. Severe sleep problems in childhood lead to emotional issues.C. Persistent nightmares in children are closely related to psychosis.D. The research has not been known to the public.5. What does “it” refer to in paragraph 6?A. Adolescence.B. Key period.C. Human developmentD. Hormonal change.6. According to the Australian research, older children who had long-term serious sleep issues at one year old are more likely to ________.A. grow slowlyB. develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderC. do badly in lessonsD. suffer from anxiety7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A Study About Childhood Sleep Problems Is Under ProgressB. Pay Attention to Children Who Lack SleepC. Childhood Sleep Issues Linked to Adolescent Mental Health ProblemsD. How to Help Children Develop a Good Sleep HabitCGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, GwendolynSeidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.8. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.9. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.10. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.11. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.DKenyan mother Beth Mwende heard her sleeping child cry out, but did not worry after the three-year-old quickly quietened down. The next morning, however, she found her daughter, Mercy, nearly unconscious with two bite marks in the neck. “I didn’t know that it was a snake,” Mwende said.Although snakebites are common in her hometown, antivenom medication is difficult to get. Mwende lives about 160 kilometers east of Nairobi, Kenya’s capital. So she took her daughter to a traditional healer. He placed stones over the bites. Mercy died within hours. She was one of about 700 Kenyans killed by snakebites each year, notes a report in the scientific publicationToxicon.The Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Center (KSRIC) is working to change that. The KSRIC hopes to have East Africa’s first antivenom medication on the market within five years. It estimates the cost will be about 30 percent of an imported product, which often sells for about US $ 30.More than 70, 000 people are bitten in East Africa each year. Climate change and deforestation are worsening the problem as snakes get pushed out of natural surroundings into populated areas.Nearly 100 snakes live at the research center in a forest near Nairobi. Researchers take venom from snakes and study it before injecting small amounts into other animals, such as sheep. The animals then create antibodies that can be made into antivenom.“Up to now, no one has made any kind of antivenom in Kenya,’’ said Geoffrey Maranga Kepha, a senior snake handler.Two effective antivenoms are available in Kenya, from India and Mexico, the center says.The center is teaching communities that using antivenom immediately after receiving a snakebite can save lives, said head researcher George Adinoh.“After seeing how people died in Kenya from snakebites I decided to devote my life to coming up with a rescue measure that will help or prevent people from dying from snakebites,” snake handler Kepha added.12. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By telling a story.B. By listing figures.C. By referririg to documents.D. By making a comparison.13. Why did Mwende take her daughter to a traditional healer?A. She couldn’t afford any modern treatment.B. She lived where antivenom medication is not available.C. The traditional way is very effective to treat snakebites.D. She believed a traditional healer could cure her daughter.14. What is causing more snakebites to happen in East Africa?A. Lack of antivenom medication.B. Environmental damage and climate change.C. People’s low awareness of the danger of snakes.D. People’s pursuit of traditional cures for snakebites.15. What do we know about antivenom in Kenya from the text?A. Itis taken from antibodies of sheep.B. There is only one effective antivenom available.C. KSRIC is trying to develop a local antivenom now.D. People refuse to use antivenom after being bitten by snakes.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年临沧市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADesign a science holiday to win a science holidayIs there a scientific holiday,tour,vacation or experience in your list that you dream of making a reality? We might just be able to help with that! We are the crowd sourcing thoughts and suggestions onnew tours,and the winner will receive two free places on their tour when it's launched.Starting entries 1st May 2020Deadline 31st August 2020ENTER NOW---Write a brief description of your ideal science holiday,tour,vacation or experience.---No matter how big or small,we are looking for brilliant, unique thoughts.It can be a complex multi-location overseas holiday tour,a weekend away deep-diving,or a simple walking tour(and everything in between).---Our current tours are mainly individual-focused but we would love to hear ideas for families and schools.---Creations that have environmentally friendly themes and a low carbon impact are also welcome.---Your entry can be as simple as a great title but writing more specifies will improve the possibility of walking off with the prize.---The competition doesn't close by September,2020,so plenty of time to brainstorm your entry.---We will launch the best idea in late 2020 or at the beginning of 2021. The winner will receive the award once the result is published.If you want to submit more than 3,999 words,include photos/maps with your entry, or submit multiple entries then send it to tours @ . The competition guidelines and other related information are available at .1. When will the winner probably be announced?A. In August,2020.B. In September,2020.C. In January,2021.D. In May,2021.2. What kind of entries might be more likely to win?A. Those producing a low carbon impact.B. Those with a long and unique title.C. Those providing detailed information.D. Those for individual-focused tours.3. What is the purpose of this text?A. To give guidance on a competition.B. To advertise a science holiday.C. To inspire creativity in teenagers.D. To collect the ideas for tours.BThree years ago, a group of researchers at Cornell University Food and Brand Lab had a guess. They knew that many apples being served to kids as part of the National School Lunch Program were ending up in the trash, almost untouched. But unlike others, they wondered if the reason was more complicated than simply that the kids didn’t want the fruit.They thought the fact that the apples were being whole, rather than sliced (切片的), was doing the fruit no favor. And they wanted to prove this idea.They carried out a study at eight schools and found that fruit consumption (消费) jumped by more than 60 percent when apples were served sliced. They then made a follow-up study at six other schools, which not only showed the same result, but further supported. The whole apple consumption at schools that served sliced apples reduced by about 50 percent than before.Based on these results, it seems that even the simplest forms of inconvenience can influence us. Sliced apples just make more sense for kids. The hardest part is getting kids to start eating fruit, and that’s exactly why sliced apples are the way to go. A child holding a whole apple has to break the skin, eat around the core (果核), and deal with the inconvenience of holding a large fruit. These problems might seem silly or unimportant, but they’re important when you’re missing teeth or have braces (牙箍), as so many kids do.Sometimes what seems like a really small inconvenience actually makes a huge difference.4. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Lots of apples served to kids were wasted.B. Researcher supported the lunch program.C. Apples are not the only acceptable fruit for kids.D. The lunch program was well worth spreading.5. What did researchers want to prove?A. Kid didn’t want the fruits.B. Kids favored the whole apples.C. Kids preferred to the sliced apples.D. Kid’s eating habits influenced fruit consumption.6. According to the study, we can know________.A. 14 schools served sliced fruitsB. kids have problems eating the whole applesC. eating fruits must be healthy for childrenD. few kids are missing teeth or have braces7. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Form matters more than taste.B. Apples are beneficial to each kid.C. The way fruit is eaten links kids’ growth.D. Inconvenience probably makes a difference.CThe far side of the moonis a strange and wild region, quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet. Soon this rough space will have even stranger features: it will be crowded with radio telescopes.Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages, a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies. Our universe was not always filled with stars. About 380,000 years after the big bang, the universe cooled, and the first atoms of hydrogen formed. Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe. But for a few hundred million years, everything remained dark, without stars. Then came the cosmic dawn: the first stars flickered, galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's large­scale structure took shape.The seeds of this structure must have been present in the dark­age hydrogen clouds, but the era has been impossible toprobeusing optical(光学的) telescopes—there was no light. And although this hydrogen produced long­wavelength(or low­frequency) radio emissions,radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them. Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise.Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side. Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radio­wave­detecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality.“If I were to design an ideal place to do low­frequency radio astronomy, I would have to build the moon,”says astrophysicist Jack Burns of the University of Colorado Boulder. “We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”8. What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon?A To research the big bang. B. To discover unknown stars.C. To study the cosmic dark ages.D. To observe the far side of the moon.9. What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 possibly mean?A. Explore.B. Evaluate.C. Produce.D. Predict.10. Hydrogen radio emissions can't be detected on Earth because ________．A. there was no light in the dark agesB. they cannot possibly get through our atmosphereC. gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universeD. radio signals on Earth cause too much interference11. What can we infer from theunderlined sentence in the last paragraph?A. Scientists have to rebuild the moon.B. We will finally get to the moon's distant side.C. The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes.D. A favorable research environment will be found on the moon.DWe've all heard it before：to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't reallymorning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning types﹣and a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.12. What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A. raising the problem→analyzing the problem → solving the problemB. leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topicC. presenting a viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusionD. introducing a viewpoint →raising the question→presenting author's viewpoint13. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A. Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B. To beat night﹣time people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.14. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A. Don't fall sleep in front of the TV.B. Avoid being regularly late for work.C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D. Better not overhaul your sleep time.15. Why does the author write this article？A. To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D. To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

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2018届云南省临沧市第一中学高三上学期期末考试
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

3．二卷试题用黑色中性笔作答。

第一卷（选择题共90分）
第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the man usually do after dinner?
A. He watches TV.
B. He surfs online.
C. He goes running.
2. Where did the man travel?
A. To China.
B. To Korea.
C. To Japan.
3. How will the speakers get to the zoo?
A. By bike.
B. By car.
C. By bus.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Mexican food
B. Mexican music
C. Mexicans.
5. How much did the speakers spend today?
A. $300.
B. $350.
C. $400
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
听下面5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选
项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小
题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does Bill suggest doing?
A. Putting on some sun scream.
B. Not standing in the sun.
C. Going to the library.
7. What will the weather be like this evening?
A. Sunny and hot.
B. Cloudy and hot
C. Rainy and cool.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why doesn’t the woman prefer an SUV?
A. It is not as safe as she has expected.
B. It is heavy on oil.
C. It is too big.
9. What is the woman doing?
A. Watching a car show.
B. Renting a car.
C. Buying a car.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Why does the man come to the library?
A. To read an article in a journal.
B. To find out how to borrow books.
C. To apply for a library card.
11. What should students provide to read in the library?
A. A library card.
B. A student ID card.
C. An ID card
12. What is the man going to do next?
A. Sit down to read.
B. Check the material out.
C. Have a meal.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Professor and assistant.
C. Editor and reader.
14. What is Ted going to do right after class?
A. Have a talk with professor Jacobs.
B. Buy campus newspapers.
C. Attend a meeting.
15. What does professor Jacobs most probably teach?
A. Poem Reading.
B. Creative Writing.
C. Literature Appreciation.
16. What does Professor Jacobs want Ted to do?
A. Read some poems in an activity.
B. Recite part of his new novel.
C. Spend a night in the forest.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is Jen like?
A. Strict but loving.
B. New and talented.
C. Friendly and enthusiastic.
18. Which award did Luisa win?
A. Best Hairdresser.
B. Employee of the Year.
C. Best Customer Service.
19. How long has Dina worked in the salon?
A. 2 years.
B. 3 years.
C. 7 years
20. What do we know about the awards?
A. The award winners will get different prizes.
B. The winners will get extra vacation days.
C. A total of $1,200 is given out.
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
This is just a quick note to let you all know the
arrangements for next month’s year-end party. As you know, the
party will be held at the Green Vale Country Club, which we
have reserved between 6:00 pm and 10:00 pm on the evening of
December 21st. I’ve received replies from almost all of you confirming attendance, but if you haven’t let me know yet, please do so in the next day or two. Tickets for all employees have been covered by the company.
The manager of Green Vale has asked me to explain one or two things to those of you who have not been there before. Basically, there is enough parking space for only 100 vehicles, so he would like to ask those of you planning to drive to try car pool (拼车) as much as possible. Also, the number of lockers (寄物柜) available is small, so guests should try to keep belongings to a minimum.。

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