英语学习试题

号

座

师教

课

授

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

--

-

-

-

-

-

-

线-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

订-

-

-

-

-

----------X

--

装X-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

级--

-

-

-

-

-

-

优

(A卷)

共12页第2页

PartII ReadingComprehension(25points)

SectionA (15points)

Directions:Choosethebestanswerforeachofthequestionsorstatementsinthet hreepassagesbelow.

Passage1

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Beforethemid-

nineteenthcentury,peopleintheUnitedStatesatemostfoodsonlyinseason.Dry ing,smoking,andsaltingcouldpreservemeatforashorttime,buttheavailabili tyoffreshmeat,likethatoffreshmilk,wasverylimitedastherewasnowaytoprev entspoilage.Butinthe1810saFrenchinventornamedNicolasAppertdevelopedco oking-and-

sealingprocessofcanning.Andinthe1850s,anAmericannamedGailBordendevelo pedameansofcondensingandpreservingmilk.Cannedgoodsandcondensedmilkbec amemorecommonduringthe1860s,butsuppliesremainedlowbecausecanshadtobem adebyhand.Bythe1880s,however,inventorshadfashionedstampingandsolderin g(焊接)machinesthatmass-producedcansfromtinplate—suddenlyallkindsoffoodcouldbepreservedandboughtatalltimesoftheyear. OthertrendsandinventionshadalsohelpedmakeitpossibleforAmericanstovary theirdailydiets.Growingurbanpopulationscreateddemandthatencouragedfru itandvegetablefarmerstoraisemoreproduce. Railroadrefrigeratorcarsenabledgrowersandmeatpackerstoshipperishables (易坏之

物)greatdistancesandtopreservethemforlongerperiods.Thus,bythe1890s,no rtherncitydwellers(居

民)couldenjoysouthernandwesternstrawberries,grapesandtomatoes,previou slyavailableforamonthatmost,foruptosixmonthsoftheyear.Inaddition,incr easeduseoftheiceboxenabledfamiliestostoreperishables.Aneasymeansofpro ducingicecommerciallyhadbeeninventedinthe1870sandby1900thenationhadmo rethantwothousandcommercialiceplants,mostofwhichmadehomedeliveries.Th eiceboxbecameafixture固(定家

具)inmosthomesandremainedsountilthemechanizedrefrigeratorreplaceditin the1920sand

1930s.

Almosteveryonenowhadamorediversifieddiet.Somepeoplecontinuedtoeatmainlyfoodst hatwereheavyinstarches(淀粉)orcarbohydrates(碳水化合物；糖

类),andnoteveryonecouldaffordmeat.Nevertheless,manyfamiliescouldtakeadvantage ofpreviouslyunavailablefruits,vegetables,anddairyproductstoachievemorevariedf are(饮食).

Duringthe1860s,cannedfoodproductswere_____.

unavailableinruralareas

shippedinrefrigeratorcars

availableinlimitedquantities

astaplepartoftheAmericandiet

Itcanbeinferredthatrailroadrefrigeratorcarscameintouse_____.

A)before1860 B)before1890

C)after1900 D)after1920

33.Theauthorimpliesthatinthe1920 ’shomeicede liveries.of

A)decreasedinnumber B)wereonanirregularschedule

C)increasedincost D)occurredonlyinthesummer

34.WhichofthefollowingtypeoffoodpreservationwasNOTmention

edinthepassage

A)drying B)canning C)coldstorage D)chemicaladditives

Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss

Causesoffoodspoilage.

Commercialproductionofice.

InventionsthatledtochangesintheAmericandiet.

Populationmovementsinthenineteenthcentury.

Passage2

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Mostpeoplethinkofacamelasanobedientbeastofburden,becauseitisbestknown

foritsabilitytocarryheavyloadsacrossvaststretchesofdesertwithoutrequi

ringwater.Inreality,thecamelisconsiderablymorethanjusttheArabianequiv

alentofthemule.Italsopossessesagreatamountofintelligenceandsensitivit

y.