自考英语本科高级英语上下册课后短文翻译

1
Rock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .
In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war
and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and
hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelings
of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis
Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They
were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped .
2
The American young people i n 1960’s were a generation of rebellion . They found
that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy .
They didn’t trust the adult world that didn’t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which
protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some young
people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young
took passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and
lived a primitive way of life .
3
Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine,
but it didn’t do any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a
number of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda’s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson’s home , he wanted to examine Mthilda’s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn’t open her mouth . So the doctor had
to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . But Mathilda reduced it to splinters . In
order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure
whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time . Letting Mathilda
‘s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really had
diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can
only depend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems
necessary .
4
The need for laws on euthanasia can’t be dodged for much longer . Euthanasia is a taboo in
most countries . In these countries doctors can only practise it secretly . But it is openly practiced
in some countries , such as Holland . Right now more and more countries are going over the
arguments about legalizing euthanasia .
When a patient suffers from illness for a long time and there is no hope of curing it , why do
we let him polong the throes ?Why can’t we practise euthanasia to stop the throes ?
But if we legalize euthanasia , there will be a danger Someone may use it for killing . All in
all , euthanasia is question we can’t dodge .
5
The American women made great c o ntributions to the nation’s development , but
they received different forms of prejudices because of their sex . In politics , they did
all the tedious details that made the differene between victory and defeat on election
day and seldom had the chance to reach a better position , while the men reaped the
rewards . In economy , most women did the lower-paying and dead –end jobs and
they were paid less than the men for the same job . Many American people didn’t admit it was prejudice against women . They said it was only a different division of
labour in society . Even many women were content with their roles as second-class
citizens . So the author said it was a long painful struggle for the women to get real
equality .
6
When I knew Magpie got a scholarship of a California University and could go to
the Fine Arts School to study , I was very pleased for him . I knew he wanted to
become a poet all the time. I also knew he had a good talent . It was a very good
chance for him . So I went back to Crow Creek to tell him about the good news and
let him fill out some papers . But I didn’t find him at his home . His wife said they had not been together for a while and only heard he was in Chamberlain . Then I went for
Salina and asked her to help me find Magpie . Salina said Magpie had changed a lot
since he was taken into prison . She thought he was not interested in going to the
university of white people . But I said Magpie had a right to know this news and make
the decision whether to go or not by himself . She agreed and took me to his good
friend , Elgie . But when I could really see Magpie at last , he had been shot by the
police .
7
Miss Brill was an English who lived in a coastal city in France . She was old and
poor . She would go to the park on every Sunday afternoon . She always sat on the
same bench , listening people around her talk , or watching other people’s lives i front of her . She suddenly had a feeling on that Sunday afternoon . She felt the life
was like a play and she was one part of the community . She had a part in the
performance . At this time , the feeling of loneliness began to escape her .
But just at this time she heard a couple of young people talk about her with
contempt . Even the young man asked her to leave in a low voice . The short feeling
of happiness disappeared . she went home with a broken heart .
8
Man created language . It was man’s way of communicating with his fellow man . The
difference between oral and written language was that oral language could take the human voice to
infuse it with the shades of deeper meaning . Flowers was nearly singing when she read A Tale of
Two Cities . It sounded beautiful . Her reading made me realize the wonder of language. Mrs.
Flowers gave me novels and poems . I learned value of life from these books and realized how
beautiful the language of literature works was .
Man created language . It was man’s way of communicating with his fellow man . The
difference between oral and written language was that oral language could take the human voice to
infuse it with the shades of deeper meaning . Flowers was nearly singing when she read A Tale of
Two Cities . It sounded beautiful . Her reading made me realize the wonder of language. Mrs.
Flowers gave me novels and poems . I learned value of life from these books and realized how
beautiful the language of literature works was .
9
television People have a short attention span . So in order to capture the viewer’s attention , must provide constant stimulation through variety , novelty , action and movement . The result of
doing so is that news is too brief and results in inefficient communication . Many news programs
m achine –gunning w ith scraps “and figh t coherence of mind.The appeal to the short
are like “　
attention span will decivilize as well. To avoid complexity means to give up thinking . The
“ functionally illiterates “ among adult Americans are continually increasing . They even do not know how to answer the want ad. Or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle . At least
television should be responsible for part of it .
10
One night , two German military officers were murdered by Frenchmen . The next
day , a German officer declared to thirty French prisoners , “ My order is that one man
in every ten shall be selected and shot tomorrow . That is to say , three of you thirty
people will die tomorrow . We are indifferent as to which three . You can choose for yourselves .”
The prisoners had a heated discussion about who should die. Someone said the old people should go first . This was the way of nature . Some people said the unmarried
should go first because they had no responsibilities . At last , all consented to drawing
lots to decide which three went to die . A rich lawyer unfortunately got the death
draw . He said , “ I ‘ll give a hundred thousand francs to anyone who will die for me . “
11
Some people will fall asleep as soon as their heads touch the pillows . Some people can
sleep although they have been lying in bed several hours . The more he wants to go to sleep , the
more wakeful he is . I belong to the latter . When I write an essay , I feel an overpowering desire
for sleep . But when I go to bed , I can do anything but sleep . I can compose grand symphonies ,
paint magnificent pictures and write good essays . The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion ,
but they are of no avail . When I can’t go to sleep at night , I imagine a dialogue with a friend till I either laugh or fall asleep . I find this is a good way to go to sleep .
12
As a very small child , I made up my mind to become a writer in future . When I
become a writer , what I have most wanted to do is to make political writing into a
work of art . The opinion that art should have nothing to do with politics is wrong .
Writing is exposing lies , protecting truth and also an aesthetic experience . Animal
Farm was the book in which I tried to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into
one whole . Writing should serve the society and the public . This is the principle I
must follow . I f a writer lacks political purpose , he will only write some purple
passages , even some humbug .
13
The first thing Russell thinks is the most ordinary function of work , namely the relief o
ftedium. He thinks even the dullest work is less painful than idleness to most people . Then he
talks about how the work can provide the people with opportunities for their ambitions. Man, as a
member of the society , hopes that he can procure more and more social achievements . He points
out that most women are so unfortunate that they can not work outside their homes . They are deprived of this chance .
It seems that different kinds of work give people satisfaction to different degrees . Russell
studies the concerning two chief elements , that is the exercise of skill and construction .When he
analyzes the latter , Russell finds an opportunity to express his profound hatred to the war and
social violence .
14
John F. Kerry was a discharged veteran from Vietnam War and took part in the investigation held in Detroit in December in 1970 . He thought the purpose for the
veterans to attend the investigation was not only to confess their war crimes in order
to purge their souls . It was not the individual but the American government that
should have been responsible for the war crimes . He hoped to arouse the sense of responsibility of American people by this text . He criticized that the mass of people
in America lit erally didn’t give a damn and pointed out that the policy of the
American government was hypocritical. He revealed the veterans’ miserable conditions after they came back : racial discrimination ,drug taking , unemployment ,
no good medical care , etc. In the end he told the readers that members of Vietnam Veterans Against the War would march on Washington to the Capitol . Their most important demand was that the government set a date for withdrawl of troops from Vietnam, otherwise , they would camp and sta y there and won’t move .
15
The author first pointed out that American and European women expended a large
sum of money on cosmetics in order to make them look younger and more beautiful .
women who were not
Unlike the people of 19th century , they didn’t think that only
virtuous could use cosmetics . But the author worried that women only paid attention
to their appearances and ignored the necessity to overcome the ugliness of their
hearts . He thought the people would be really beautiful only when the human beings had an opportunity to live harmoniously . But the author did not think the objective could be realized .
16
The three interviewers hid the truth of the firm to McDeere and only told him that the firm mainly did tax work . The clients of the firm were all big corporations , banks and wealthy people . Although the firm was not large in size and only consisted of forty –one lawyers , the salaries an all other benefits of the members were incredibly high . For the first year , McDeere could receive a base salary of eighty thousand dollars , plus bonuses , a low –interest mortgage and a luxurious car . If he worked hard , he would become a partner in ten years . If he put in ten more years , he could be a millionaire .All these were very appealing to Mcdeere . He agreed to accept this job without hesitation . But he could not imagine that he mistakenly went into a lawyer firm which was controlled by a black organization and specialized in illegal activities .
1
It’s not easy to work in a big comp a ny . There is strict hierarchy in the company , and if you hope to be successful and get promotion , you have to obey directions and disciplines in addition
to bear heavy pressure of work and work hard . Every day you are under rigid supervision and live
in panic . If what you do is a job which will not provide you any chance to get promotion and for
some reasons you have no way to find another job , you will be bored with it and feel dull . You
will be in despair , lose ambition and working motivation , and finally become a mediocre .
2
Eveline agreed to marry Frank –an Irish sailor who lived in Buenos Ayres . They got to know each other when Frank just came back Dublin to spend his holidays . They would go to Buenos Ayres by boat that night . The boat was going to leave in a few hours , but she was still in doubt
whether it was wise or not to go to such a distant country with Frank . Although she didn’
amiliar with ,
job in the store , and her father didn’t treat her well , it was the only life that she was f
after all . Besides , Eveline had promised to her mother that she would keep the home together as
long as she could before her mother died . But the vision of the miserable life of her mother made
her feel horrible . She would live a happy life with Frank .
But she changed her mind before boarding the boat . The boat left with Frank . Everybody
dreamed of happy life , but one must have courage to realize his dream .
3
Television has much more advantages than newspapers . When watching TV, we use our eyes as
well as ears ; we can see the words and picture on the screen , and listen to the language and music
as well . TV news broadcasting is quicker than that of newspapers . But television lives on
commercial advertising to an even greater extent than newspapers . Profits drive television to cater
to the lowest instinct of man . There are violence and sex in entertainment programmes of
American television . Very often , television coverage of news is superficial and inadequate .
There are a lot of problems in American newspapers too . the most prominent problem is that
newspapers distort fact , and attack the countries ,people and the social systems which Americans
do not like .
4
The life circle includes birth , being old , and death . Death is an unavoidable end for everybody .
Aging is the neglected period of human life circle . Death happens within a few seconds while
aging is a long period which means illness , poverty , and loneliness advertisements and travel
folders show relaxed , happy , well-dressed older people enjoying recreation,travel and their
grandchildren . But all these can not be enjoyed by the poor elder . They have to struggle to
survive in old age . Many old people struggle to exist in an inhospitable world . There are more
and more old people in the world now , and the government of every country is beginning to pay
attention to the problems of old people .
5
Mrs . Wright was a town girl before she married John Wright and lived in his farm . She used to be
a lively girl who liked singing . But during the thirty years living together with Wright , she totally
changed . Wright was miserly and never paid attention to his wife’s needs . There was no joy in their house , and even the neighbours were reluctant to call at their house . One winter morning ,
Mr. Hale , their neighbour , found that Wright was strangled on his bed .Mrs Wright said that she
didn’t know who killed her husband . Her behaviour was very queer . She didn’t call the police but just sat in the rocker rocking back and forth in the kitchen . The policemen arrested her . Next
morning , county sheriff and county attorney took Hale back to the farm to investigate who had
killed Wright .
6
The county sheriff and county attorney couldn’
t find out any sign of anyone having come from the
outside , and they were sure that Wright had been killed by his wife . In order to make juries
believe the story , they had to find out Mrs . Wright’s motive for killing her husband , but they failed . While they were busy investigating ,the two women sitting in the kitchen found a dead
canary which was wrapped up in a piece of silk lying in a box . The canary had been wrung to
death . The two women could imagine what kind of life Mrs . Wright had spent while living with
Wright in this house . They didn’t want the box containing the dead canary to be seen by sheriff
and county attorney . In order to protect Mrs . Wright , they hid the box .
7
Ace was in a plight . He lost the job and was afraid to see his wife .Evey had to work as a
saleswoman because Ace could not earn enough money to support the family . She was always
very tired after working a whole day . She always had no time to cook dinner . now he was
sacked , so he was worried that Evey would be ma d . Ace ‘s mother took care of their daughter
Bonnie for them . Evey always took Bonnie back , but Ace went to take Bonnie that day . Ace
mother was glad that Ace lost the job , for she thought Ace should have a better job . Evey was not
very angry with Ace this time , but did Ace get rid of the plight ?
8
Why are so many people overweight in the United States ? Most people may say that there are two
reasons . One is that American food is tasty ; the other is that they take few exercises . But the
author doesn’t think this way . He proposes such a hypothesis that people eat in order to satisfy the
sense of taste . When food has the flavor of library paste , people need to eat more so as to satisfy
causes the blandness of American food which is the real
S cience “　
the frustrated taste buds . “　
reason why obesity has become a national curse . We should not be very serious about the author
strange opinion which is merely a way that the author used to satirize the American food .
9
I was born , grew up and finished high school in Watts , so I have deep feelings to Watts . I
decided to make a career in Watts because it was supposed to be impossible . At that time , many
young blacks left Watts in droves . They thought they could make a career only outside the ghetto .
I also left Watts and went to study in Oxford University and Yale University . The riots in ghetto in
1960s showed the ever increasing militancy of the blacks . The riots were the most significant
history . The
massive action taken by Northern Negroes . It was a watershed in the ghetto’s
deepest impact of the riots was on the people of Watts . I will never escape from the ghetto . I have
staked my all on its future . Watts is my home .
10
Customers have different values about products and services . Some customers demand low prices
with the least inconvenience . Some customers don’t care much about the prices , but they demand that the products should represent the hottest style and technology on the market . Other customers
demand that products and services should meet their specific needs . Thus , if a company hopes to
become the market leader and keep its edge , it must focus on one dimension and create a
breakthrough to reach new heights of performance according to its own situation . It can win
through cost or with great products or through customer intimacy .
11
Human beings have four major desires ; acquisitiveness , rivalry , vanity and love of power .
Acquisitiveness is the wish to possess as much as possible of goods . Satiety is a dream which will
always elude you . Acquisitiveness is the mainspring of the capitalist system , but rivalry is a
much stronger motive than acquisitiveness . Vanity is a motive of immense potency . It is scarcely
possible to exggerate the influence of vanity throughout the range of human life . But love of
power is a motive which overweighs vanity . love of power is insatiable . Love of power is by far
the strongest motive in the lives of important men . love of power is greatly increased by the
experience of power .
12
Jerry ----Marian’s son -----had to join the army and was sent to Vietnam to fight a losing battle
shortly after he spent twenty –year –old birthday . Later , he was captured in one battle and was
sent to a prison –compound . Young Jerry couldn’t stand such a heavy blow and broke down . the
handsome young man changed into another person . He was expressionless with a dull look in his
eyes . His face muscles were jerking . He looked like an idiot . Marian’s heart broke when sh her idiot son in the newsreel . What made her relieved was the fact that her son was still alive and
she would wait for her son patiently .
13
Huxley states in the article that most people are snobs about something . He says that some people
even feel that they are important just because of having certain diseases . But so far I have never
met any disease –snobs . In china , during the Culture Revolution , the snobbery of family and the
snobbery of ignorance and stupidity were most popular . Twenty years later , modernity –snobbery
is making headway today . our media encourage modernity –snobbery desperately . TV
advertisements urge people to buy new goods . In addition , they make you feel that you are
shameful if you don’t have the most fashionable goods . For u p-to-dateness means that you are
wealthy , and wealth is a symbol of strong capability . Only a man knowing his own mind can
resist the flood of propaganda .
14
work ,
Arthur likes to go fishing along the canal on Sunday mornings . After six days’ tiring labor he wants to leave the factory , leave the city as soon as possible to go to the tranquil countryside
and sit by the canal , fishing . He thinks it is a best way to relax himself and a best way to forget
all the troubles . The factory is dirty stinking and ugly and people do not want to stay there for one
more minute . The countryside has a picturesque view : fresh air , enchanting spring scene , green
grass and trees , fragrant earth . The factory is hell while the countryside is heaven .
15
Most people believe that American education is of the highest quality in the world , but the author
has his unique opinion . He thinks that there are serious problems in American education . The low
quality of American education can not be faulted on the low teaching level . Teachers are working
hard , but the problem is that they are teaching so rigidly that they work rigidly from the approved
rigidly programmed primers . They are afraid of losing the job . They can’t cultivate rare geniu this way . Another serious problem in american education is that children are not taught how to
respect and inherit cultural heritage of human beings . What the author states here is the situation
of primary education . Are the secondary education and higher education in the same situation .?
16
Jerry was tired of swimming and sunbathing . He wanted to swim down to the bottom of the sea to
see what it was like there and play with other boys . But he felt he should not leave his widowed
mother alone . His mother was also considerate of him . she hoped Jerry to stay on the safe beach
with her care at his side . But she was afraid that her son felt that she tried to keep him close and
she was possessive . Her son was eleven years old . She should give him freedom , and let him go
wherever he likes to go . He could take care of himself without her . When Jerry swam far , he
kept looking back to see whether his mother was still on the beach .。