Key words& expressions

9. close & closely
• close adv/adj. not far in position or time表 表 示具体意义的 “近” • I hate people standing too close (adv) to me. • You know she lives quite close-by (adv). • Cf. Don't get too close (adj.) to that dog, Rosie. • As Christmas gets closer (adj.), the shops get more and more crowded.
• representative n. 代表 • The firm has two representatives in every European city. • representation n.[C/U] • He gave a talk on the representation of women in 19th-century art. • This painting is a representation of modern art.
5. defence (=defense) n. [C or U] protection or support against attack, criticism or infection • When Helen criticized me, Chris came/rushed to my defence. • The war has ended but government spending on defence is still increasing. • The Great Wall used to be an important part of the country's defence. • A good diet helps build the body's natural defences. • He used a stick in self-defence.
3.curiously adv. curious adj. curiosity n. • be curious about • Babies are curious about everything around them. • out of curiosity." • She decided to have a try out of curiosity."
Unit 4 Body Language Key words & expressions in Reading: Communication: No problem?
Key vt. to speak, act or be present officially for another person or people. • They chose a famous lawyer to represent them in court. • The statue represents St George killing the dragon. (show or describe sth) • We represented our demands to the boss.( express sth to sb)
Key patterns
• 1. The first person to arrive was Tony… • 此处to arrive 用作定语，与所修饰的词 用作定语，与所修饰的词first 此处 person形成逻辑上的主谓关系 形成逻辑上的主谓关系 • 不定式作定语的情形有以下 种： 不定式作定语的情形有以下3种 • a. 与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的主谓关系； 与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的主谓关系 主谓关系； • In my family, my mum is the first to get up，the last to go to sleep. ， • She is not the person to bow before difficulties.
• 6. major adj.主要的 n.专业 v. 主修 专业 主要的 专业 主修…专业 • Sugar is a major cause of tooth decay(蛀牙）. 蛀牙） 蛀牙 • The United States is a major influence in the United Nations. • What is your major, English or French? • She majors in philosophy at Harvard.
2. She stepped back …put up her hands, as if in defence. Can you tell me what has been left out after as if? She’s murmuring as if (she is )to herself. I won’t go unless (I am) invited. Be careful while (you are) taking the exam. Few turned up at the meeting as (they were) expected.
Can you find other useful phrases in the passage? meet sb.(at the airport) look around curiously reach out one’s hand to sb. through physical distance greet each other by shaking hands
7. be likely to do likely adj. describes something that will probably happen or is expected • Do remind me because I'm likely to forget. • It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year. (Subject clause) →We’re likely to be in Spain this time next year. (simple sentence) —Do you want to join me on a ten-mile run? — Not likely (= certainly not)!
• b. 与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系； 与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 动宾关系； I have a lot of homework to do. 注意：如果不定式.与所修饰的词形成逻辑 注意：如果不定式 与所修饰的词形成逻辑 上的介宾关系时， 上的介宾关系时，不定式要加上适当的介 词：如： • I should get a chair to sit on. • Being very badly off, the old man has only a small room to live in. • c. 与所修饰的词有逻辑上的同位关系； 与所修饰的词有逻辑上的同位关系 同位关系； • He gave the order to start the attack.
Homework for weekend:
1.Go through words & expressions from Unit 1 to Unit 3 by reading and writing. 2. Go through grammar: a)主谓一致； b) 动 主谓一致； 主谓一致 名词作主语、宾语； 动名词作表语、定语。 名词作主语、宾语；c) 动名词作表语、定语。 3. Get yourself exposed to English by reading articles assigned in Teens. 4. Sort out the mistakes you made and avoid making the same mistakes again.
• 8. in general (also as a general rule/) usually, or in most situations • In general, men are taller than women. • As a general rule, we don't allow children under 16 in the bar. • in general =generally (speaking)
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2. a student association 学生会 association n. a group of people who work together in a single organization for a particular purpose The Football Association National Basketball Association (NBA) The British Medical Association is/are campaigning for a complete ban on tobacco advertising.
• closely adv. in a way that is directly connected or has a strong relationship 紧密 严密地（ 抽象的意义 的意义） 地，严密地（表抽象的意义） • English and German are closely related. • The Swiss boat is in the lead, followed closely by the French. • Pollution levels are closely monitored. • a closely guarded secret
4. cheek n & v. • He embraced her, kissing her on both cheeks. • He's always getting into trouble for cheeking his teachers. • cheek v. be rude to sb
• defence n. → defend v. How can we defend our homeland if we don't have an army? • White blood cells help defend the body against infection(感染）. infection(感染 感染）