2018年高考英语一轮复习Module4WhichEnglishCarnival课时作业提升练外研版

Module 4 Which English Carnival
(建议用时40分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
The global population is living longer, and getting older, which
presents new challenges. “The question becomes: who will take care of
everyone? While people will always be the best caregivers for people,
there just aren’t enough people. That’s where robotic technology can
really make a difference, ”says Professor Maja Mataric at the University of Southern California.
Her group is developing robots to work with stroke(中风)patients and elderly people. The research team has found that people react well to a robot gym instructor, and seem to get less frustrated with it than with instructions given on a computer screen. The robot can act as a perfect trainer, with infinite(极大的)patience.
“People say things like‘I prefer this robot to my husband! Can I take it home? ’”according to Professor Mataric. “In fact there’s a really important point here. As we create these caregiving technologies, we’re helping not only the people that need the care, but also the people caring for them. We can give them a break, and help them avoid burnout. ”
People are going to have to like, and importantly trust robots before they welcome them into their homes, and several groups around the world are working on making it easier to communicate with them.
Much of human communication takes place through body language. Gestures, eye contact, and concepts of personal space are all things that robots are being taught. In learning about how people interact(互动)with machines, researchers are also discovering new roles for robots in our lives. Robots can communicate with humans in ways that other technologies can not.
“If someone finds the robot to be more persuasive and more reliable, that’s going to affect how they interact with it, ”says Dr Cynthia Breazeal, director of
the Personal Robots Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “We can now start to think about fields where it’s the social interaction, which is the main means by which a robot helps someone. ”Dr Breazeal s ays that means robots could be used in education, learning, and health care, where social support is important. 【文章大意】随着地球上的人们活的时间越来越长, 年龄越来越大, 很多问题也相继而来。

谁来照顾他们? 这篇文章将介绍一种新型机器人, 它能帮你照顾老人, 它还能做什么呢? 一起看看吧!
1. Professor Maja Mataric mainly focused on robots’function of______.
A. teaching
B. exploring
C. making things
D. giving care
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第一段内容以及第二段的Her group is developing robots to work with stroke patients and elderly people. 可知, Professor Maja Mataric主要谈论的是机器人未来在护理方面的应用, 故选择D。

2. Why can robots be wonderful trainers in the gym?
A. Because they are cleverer.
B. Because they give correct instructions.
C. Because they cost less money.
D. Because they are more patient.
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第二段的The robot can act as a perfect trainer, with infinite patience可知, 机器人之所以能成为完美的健身教练是因为它有极大的耐心。

故选择D。

3. The underlined word“burnout”in Paragraph 3 probably means“______”.
A. feeling tired
B. feeling angry
C. getting hurt
D. becoming disappointed
【解析】选A。

词义猜测题。

根据上一句we’re helping not only the people that need the care, but also the people caring for them. We can give them a break可知机器人不仅可以帮助被护理者, 而且给护理者也带来帮助, 可以让护理者获得休息。

由此判断, 机器人可以帮助他们避免疲惫不堪, 故选择A。

4. The scientists are presently working hard to help robots______.
A. to use less electricity
B. to communicate better
C. to react more quickly
D. to have more functions
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的In learning about how people interact with machines, researchers are also discovering new roles for robots in our lives. Robots can communicate with humans in ways that other technologies can not. 可知, 科学家希望帮助机器人更好地与人交流。

B
(2017·合肥模拟) Endangered giant pandas are facing a new threat: the loss of their
food source, bamboo. In China’s Qinling Mountains, giant pandas
spend most of their day eating bamboo. The plant makes up 99% of the
pandas’diet, with some pandas eating about 40 pounds of it a day.
But Qinling’s pandas may soon have to find another food source. A
new study reports that warming temperatures may cause the loss of most of the region’s bamboo by the end of the century.
A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences studied the effects of climate change on the region’s three main bamboo species. They studied the influence of rising temperatures on the spread and growth of bamboo. Bamboo is sensitive to temperature changes. “Even with a 3.
6 degrees Fahrenheit increase in temperature, we found that 80% to 100% of bamboo would be gone by the end of the century, ”Liu Jianguo, one of the study’s authors said. Shirley Martin, who came from Paris but not involved in the team said that it’s really a demanding challenge for us to get a desired result.
The Qinling Mountains, located in eastern China, are home to about 270 pandas. That is about 17% of the world’s wild panda population. The panda is one of the world’s most endangered species.
In recent years, China has stepped up efforts to protect pandas. But Liu says the country has yet to consider the long-term efforts of climate change in its conservation planning. Aside from increasing nature reserve areas(保护区)where pandas are protected, Liu wants China to lower its use of fuels that release(释放)greenhouse gases—as should the rest of the world. “The future of pandas, ”he
says, “is in our hands. ”
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了秦岭大熊猫的主要食物——竹子正受到威胁。

由于气候变暖, 到本世纪末, 秦岭的大部分竹子也许会遭遇灭顶之灾, 研究者们呼吁采取措施进行保护。

5. From the first paragraph we can know______.
A. pandas mainly feed on bamboo
B. the bamboo in Qinling is enough for giant pandas
C. Qinling’s giant pandas have already eaten 99% of the bambo o
D. most of the bamboo in Qinling may disappear in the near future
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据第一段中In China’s Qinling Mountains, giant pandas spend most of their day eating bamboo. The plant makes up 99% of the pandas’diet, with some pandas eating about 40 pounds of it a day. 可知大熊猫以竹子为主食。

6. The researchers in the team come from______.
A. Britain and China
B. the US and China
C. France and the US
D. Germany and the US
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段首句. . . Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences studied. . . 可知研究者们来自美国密歇根州立大学和中国科学院。

7. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Bamboo is sensitive to the changes of temperature.
B. About 17% of the world’s wild pandas are in Qinling Mountains.
C. China is making great efforts to protect giant pandas.
D. Whether pandas can survive depends on their ability of adaptation.
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

从文中第二段的第三句、第三段的第二句及第四段的第一句得知选项A、B和C是正确的; 而文中最后一段最后一句“The future of pandas, ”he says, “is in our hands. ”表明熊猫的未来掌握在我们人类手中, 并非“依赖熊猫的适应能力”。

故D项是错误的。

8. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Endangered Giant Pandas
B. Saving Panda’s Food Source
C. Protecting the Environment Around Us
D. The Terrible Future of Pandas
【解析】选B。

主旨大意题。

根据文章首句Endangered giant pandas are facing a new threat: the loss of their food source, bamboo. 可知选B。

Ⅱ. 完形填空
There Really Was a Santa Claus
Ann worked for a big company. One of the duties of her 1 was to
go to the post office every day and 2 the company mail. One day in December, she 3 a beggar making himself up as a Santa Claus 4 on
the corner of the street. Each day she 5 her coins and dropped them
in his bowl. He would smile and 6 her a Merry Christmas.
At night the temperature dropped below 0℃, but the Santa Clause7 stood in the cold wind. 8 she dropped her coins into his bowl, she handed him a pair of gloves.
A week later, a(n) 9 Santa Claus was standing there. “What happened to the other Santa Claus? ”she asked. He told her, “He’s very10 today. ”She prayed for his health.
Later that day, a colleague came into her office 11 . “I don’t know what I’m going to do. ”“What’s wrong? ”she asked. “It’s my ex-husband, ”her colleague 12 , “I don’t have any money to buy my boys anything for Christmas, 13 my ex-husband refuses to send money to them. It breaks my hear t that they won’t have anything this year. ”The lady14 her colleague, “I’m sure everything will 15 . It’s Christmas. Believe in miracles. ”
That evening, she told her husband about her colleague’s16 , “I know we don’t have much money to17 , but I’d like to give her fifty or a hundred dollars. We’ll just get ourselves less this year. Last year we couldn’t afford to buy anything for 18 but we still had a wonderful Christmas. ”Her husband smiled, “Give her one hundred dollars. She needs it more than we do. ”
She reached up and held him. Warmth spread 19 her body. He held her and realized that there really was a Santa Claus—and he had 20 her!
【文章大意】本文讲述了Ann总是给那位打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐钱, 她也热心帮助同事。

她
的丈夫支持她并感慨: Ann是真正的“圣诞老人”。

1. A. family B. job C. life D. religion
【解析】选B。

逻辑推理题。

根据上句“Ann worked for a big company”可知, 本处意为“她的工作(job)职责之一是去邮局取回公司的邮包。

”
2. A. receive B. go through
C. answer
D. pick up
【解析】选D。

词义辨析题。

receive“收到”; go through“经历“; answer“回答”; pick up“取回, 接收”。

3. A. spotted B. watched C. sensed D. followed 【解析】选A。

词义辨析题。

12月的一天, 她发现一个打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐站在街角。

spot“发现, 看见”; watch“注视”; sense“意识到”; follow“跟随”。

【误区警示】易误选B项。

watch强调注视某人的举动。

4. A. standing B. waiting
C. playing
D. performing
【解析】选A。

词汇复现题。

第二段的the Santa Clause______stood in the cold wind 也是提示。

5. A. earned B. counted C. saved D. threw
【解析】选C。

逻辑推理题。

每天, 她总是省下钱来, 给那位打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐。

倒数第二段的“we don’t have much money”也是提示。

6. A. send B. wish C. offer D. tell
【解析】选B。

固定搭配题。

他会微笑并祝福(wish)她圣诞快乐。

7. A. even B. just C. still D. yet
【解析】选C。

逻辑推理题。

晚上温度降到了零下, 但是乞丐仍然(still)在冷风中站着。

8. A. Although B. If C. Since D. After
【解析】选D。

逻辑推理题。

她把硬币放在乞丐的碗里之后, 又给了他一副手套。

9. A. honest B. new
C. considerate
D. strong
【解析】选B。

逻辑推理题。

根据下句的“What happened to the other Santa Claus”可知, 一位新的(new)圣诞老人站在那里。

10. A. sad B. poor C. cold D. sick
【解析】选D。

逻辑推理题。

根据下句“She prayed for his health”可知, 那位乞丐生病(sick)了。

11. A. in tears B. in shock
C. in horror
D. in trouble
【解析】选A。

词义辨析题。

根据下文的“It breaks my heart”可知, 此处应选A。

in tears“哭泣, 流泪”; in shock“震惊地”; in horror“惊恐地”; in trouble“处于困境中”。

12. A. concluded B. decided
C. continued
D. commented
【解析】选C。

逻辑推理题。

本空前后都是同事在讲述她自己的情况, 因此应为“她继续说”。

13. A. or B. but C. so D. otherwise
【解析】选B。

逻辑推理题。

我没钱给孩子们买圣诞礼物, 但是前夫又拒绝给他们钱。

上下句之间为转折关系应用连词but。

14. A. reminded B. amused
C. teased
D. comforted
【解析】选D。

背景常识题。

同事心里难受, Ann安慰(comfort)她。

15. A. work out B. come back
C. run out
D. open up
【解析】选A。

词义辨析题。

她安慰同事: 我相信一切都会解决的, 这是圣诞节, 要相信奇迹会发生。

work out“解决”, come back“回来”; run out“用完”; open up“出现”。

16. A. message B. suggestion
C. situation
D. example
【解析】选C。

词义辨析题。

那天晚上, 她将同事的情况告诉了丈夫。

17. A. lend B. help C. lose D. pay
【解析】选B。

逻辑推理题。

我知道我们没有太多钱帮(help)她。

18. A. ourselves B. themselves
C. us
D. others
【解析】选A。

逻辑推理题。

去年我们没给自己(ourselves)买任何东西, 但是我们仍然有一个很愉快的圣诞节。

19. A. off B. to C. among D. through
【解析】选D。

固定搭配题。

温暖传遍她的全身。

spread through“扩散, 蔓延”。

20. A. relaxed B. doubted C. married D. shaped
【解析】选C。

逻辑推理题。

丈夫认为Ann是真正的圣诞老人, 并且他娶(marry)了她。

【知识拓展】
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. miracle n. 奇迹
2. spot n. 斑点, 污迹
v.找出, 发现(熟词生义)
3. comment n.评论; 意见v.评论, 发表意见
4. tease v.取笑; 逗弄; 招惹
5. make oneself up 化妆; 化装
6. reach up 抬起(手、足等)
Ⅱ. 难句剖析
One day in December, she spotted a beggar making himself up as a Santa Claus standing on the corner of the street.
译文: 十二月的一天, 她看到一位化装成圣诞老人的乞丐站在街道的拐角处。

分析: spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事, standing on the corner of the street 是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。

making himself up as a Santa Claus是现在分词短语作定语, 修饰a beggar。

Ⅲ. 背景链接
圣诞老人(Santa Claus)是一位专门为好孩子在圣诞节前夜送上礼物的神秘人物。

传说每到12月24日晚上, 有个神秘人会驾乘由9只驯鹿拉的雪橇, 挨家挨户地从烟囱进入屋里, 然后偷偷把礼物放在好孩子床头的袜子里, 或者堆在壁炉旁的圣诞树下。

虽然没有人真的见过神秘人的样子, 但是人们通常装扮成头戴红色圣诞帽子, 留着大大的白色胡子, 身穿一身红色棉衣, 脚穿红色靴子的样子, 来充当圣诞老人因为他总在圣诞节前夜出现派发礼物, 所以习惯上被称为“圣诞老人”。

Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A sea of green gardens surrounds Windsor Castle in the English countryside. It
looks out onto the river Thames and sits next 1. ___________a hunting ground. It was built just outside of London 2. ___________(protect)the capital from enemies on the west side.
Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest 3. ___________(occupy)castle in the world. It was built just after 1066. The castle has a long, rich and troubled history.
4. ___________the castle walls could talk, they’d have many stories to tell.
Kings, were born and 5. ___________(die)here. It’s been used as the homes of kings and queens for centuries. However, it was also used as a prison during the English Civil War(1642~1651). During World WarⅡ, the royal family 6. _________ (secret)slept at Windsor Castle because it was safer than London’s urban area.
Today, Windsor Castle is the private home of Queen ElizabethⅡ. When she is not meeting guests at Buckingham Palace, she goes to Windsor Castle. 7. _________ that’s not all. Windsor Castle is also open to the public. It is now one of England’s most popular 8. ___________(attract). Visitors can look at some of the finest artworks, 9. ___________(include)the paintings of Rembrandt, as well as the well-kept gardens. What is a better way to learn about England 10. ___________to enjoy some of the country’s finest scenery?
1.【解析】to。

next to是固定搭配, 意思是“在……旁边”, 故填to。

2.【解析】to protect。

根据句意, 可知此处要用不定式表目的。

3.【解析】occupied。

分析句子, 可知此空要用occupy的过去分词形式表示被动和完成, 作castle的定语。

4.【解析】If。

分析句意可知这是一个虚拟句。

根据句意, 可知要用引导词if引导虚拟条件句。

5.【解析】died。

分析文意, 由于本句讲述的是过去的情况, 故用一般过去时。

and前的were 可以提示。

6.【解析】secretly。

根据句意, 需要用一个副词来修饰动作slept, 故填secretly。

7.【解析】But。

分析句子的意思, 可知在这两个句子之间要用一个表转折的连词。

8.【解析】attractions。

由于空格前是一个形容词popular, 故此处要用名词, 根据句意, 要用其复数形式。

9.【解析】including。

根据句意, 可知此处要填介词including, 意思是“包括”。

10.【解析】than。

根据空格前的better, 并结合句意, 可知要填连词than。