2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Ha

Section Ⅲ Grammar ——名词用作动词&will 和be going to 表将来
一、名词用作动词
英语中，同一词可以转化词性，而词义没有多大改变，这种构词法叫作词的转化。

名词转化为动词是比较常见的一种语言现象。

常见的名词转化为动词有以下几种情形：
We should face all kinds of difficulties bravely.
我们应该勇敢面对各种困难。

She nursed her daughter back to health.
她精心照料女儿恢复健康。

Tokyo will host the 2020 Olympic Games.
东京将主办2020年奥运会。

These trees need to be watered.
这些树需要浇水。

He voiced his dissatisfaction by turning away his head.
他把头转向一边，表示出了他的不满情绪。

[即时演练1] 单句语法填空
①No one nosed (nose)the danger before the earthquake occurred.
②It was raining(rain)heavily when we arrived there.
③When the famous star came in, all people eyed(eye)her.
二、will和be going to表将来
1．will＋动词原形
(1)表示纯粹的将来，没有主观因素。

It will become warm when spring comes.
春天来了，天气将会变暖。

(2)表示一种倾向性或习惯性的动作。

Each time he comes to Beijing, he will visit the Great Wall.
每次来到北京，他都要游览长城。

(3)表示说话时临时的决定。

—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
——杰克逊博士现在不在他的办公室里。

—All right. I will call him later.
——好的。

我晚些时候会给他打电话。

[名师点津]
在if引导的条件句中，通常不能接表示将来的will，但可以用be going to。

但表示意愿的情态动词will可以用在条件句中。

状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。

If you're going to join us，we will wait for you.
如果你打算和我们一起来，我们就等你。

If Tom won't come，we will lose the game.
如果汤姆不愿意来，我们可能会输掉比赛。

2．be going to表示将来
(1)表示事先考虑后决定做某事，即“打算做某事”。

—What are you going to do tonight?
——你今晚打算做什么？
—I am going to watch the football match on TV.
——我打算看电视上的足球赛。

(2)表示有迹象表明即将发生或不可避免地要发生的事情。

Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain.
看那些黑云！要下雨了。

[名师点津]
be going to 表示按计划或安排将要发生的事情；而will不强调行为的计划性，多指临时的决定或安排。

[即时演练2] 选词填空：will, be going to
①The students will come and work in the lab once a week.
②We are going to buy a house when we've saved enough money.
③—You've left the light on.
—Oh, I'm sorry. I will go and turn it off.
3．将来时的其他表示方法
(1)come, go, leave, take off等词用一般现在时表示按时刻表、时间表、日程表等将要发生的动作。

The train leaves London at six and arrives here at eight.
火车六点离开伦敦，八点到达这里。

(2)come, go, leave, stay, return等词用现在进行时表示根据安排即将要发生的动作。

They are going back to their hometown this Friday.
他们这个星期五回他们的家乡。

(3)be to do 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；也可表示按职责、要求等将要发生的动作。

They are to meet at the gate of the school.
他们将在学校门口见面。

You are to arrive on time for the meeting.
你们必须按时参加会议。

(4)be about to do表示即将发生的动作，常与when连用。

She was about to go to the cinema when it began to rain.
她正要去电影院，这时开始下雨了。

[即时演练3] 完成句子
①The plane takes off(起飞) at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
②You are to hand in your papers(必须交卷) by 10 o'clock.
③He is about to come out(马上就要出来). Please wait a moment.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My father waters(water) the vegetables once a week.
2．The little boy isn't old enough to dress(dress) himself.
3．We're going to the cinema tomorrow. I booked (book) the tickets yesterday.
4．The picture faces(face)page 10.
5．More and more people were gathering there. He shouldered (shoulder) his way through the crowd and rushed into the burning house.
6．I'm sure that the plant will flower (flower) in early spring if it is nursed (nurse) well.
7．Henry will be(be) twenty years old next year.
8．I think you are to report(report) it to the police.
9．If you work hard enough, you will succeed(succeed) sooner or later.
10．The plane leaves(leave)for Heathrow at 12：35.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1．Look at these dark clouds—there's going to be a storm(将有一场暴风雨)．2．Work hard, and you will make greater progress(取得更大进步) in English.
3．Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane is taking off/is about to take off(即将起飞)．
4．I am going to travel(打算去旅行)and I have booked the ticket(已经订票) online.
5．After a while, he began to pen a letter(开始写信)．(pen)
6．I'd like to have a room whose window faces south(朝南)．(face)
7．They shouldered the boat(扛着小船) and took it down to the river.(shoulder) 8．I was heading for the school(正前往学校) when the rain poured down.(head) 9．Every year, many products from the factory are shipped to other countries(用船运往其他国家). (ship)
10．The government has built new houses to house the homeless people(给无家可归的人们提供住所)．(house)。