雅思笔记(10.0学生版)

张驰新IDP testee R&D –Version/zhangchixinmake one’s debut10 taboosFlow chart（随笔分类）雅思写作互动及欣赏区新闻“报”料雅友大联盟Y147Full…archive 显示所有文章回家复习计划必下载文件：张驰新雅思资料最权威下载小新课堂笔记version 9.0雅思回家复习计划ppt——置顶的最后一个贴雅思论据大汇总(2 句)be scattered with雅思必备200句（保6分）It is acknowledged that （5 句）Routine Rubric 常项题型Seldom Rubric 偷袭题型Insight Into IELTSmake one’s debutProcess=Flow chart Compare—summarize 共性Contrast—analyze 个性sterilize deshaperocket plummetsoar slumpsurge subsideboom ebbcreep up creep downaccrue abateleap diprally retrievedormant整数单位程度副词每栏掌握两个Task 1的3种基本句型mildlysurge= rise moderatelysoar=rise sharplyboom=rise gently实义副词绝对描述系统verb（天龙八部）相对描述系统junk verb +adverbA: rise sharply/maximallyB: rise comparatively gentlyD: rise gently/minimallyC: rise comparatively sharplyB2: rise sharplyA2: rise comparatively sharplymore less 绝对性副词perfect10，100，1000，accrue=rise gradually and gentlyleap=rise smoothly and sharply起落同幅rise and fall evenly60%= three-fifths// three out of five= a/the majority of= a large/striking/dominant/leading portion/part/share/proportion/percentage/margin of >80% （93%）= a lion’s share5%= a minority of, a marginal/micro/slim/tiny/small-scaled/meagre portion37.8%= maximum/comparatively a majority of （<50%的最大值）comparatively a minority of WRONG7.3%87%/76%/53%饼图的三句万能句型1）数据+抄题+导入宾语Band 52）主语+“占据”（先特征，后数据）Band 63）剩余数据Band 7(Combo)“占据”的讲法：a)constituteb)make upc)be the factor(s)/instrument(s) of 致成物the remaining a.the rest a./n.the remainder n.the remnant n.in the charge of – sbdue to//owing to//attributed/ascribed to//for//oriented to—sthPie Chart的审题过程：1.看文字信息2.标题审题标1\2\32>1>32:极端数据及其周围（与之接近）数据1:一般数据3:落单数据例4:Food and drink, Other items cover ed comparatively a majority of the Average weekly expenditure, with 26% and 24% respectively.Task 1的时态：1）现在时——无时间2）过去时——过去时间3）将来时——将来时间●从过去到将来——现在时两种禁忌时态：1）现在完成时（描述阶段）Since 1970, there has been a large increase.2）现在进行时On the other hand, Recreation and education, Clothing accounted for a small portion of the expenditure, with 17% altogether.●“累加”的写法：totaling 17%//amounting to 17%//adding up to 17%//with a total of 17%//equaling 17%When added up, they amount to ___19% of the expenditure was shared by Housing and power. Furthermore, the remaining 14% was due to Transport and communication.两个图写作顺序：1）先写一个，另一个再比2）直接联动红书P78:Coal occupied the maximal portion//was the biggest instrument of the sources of energy, with 47% while Nuclear accounted for a tiny share, with only 1%. Furthermore, 28% altogether of the energy was shared by Oil and Hydro. The remaining 24% was due to Natural Gas.1）In 1980, the percentage of Coal increased/crept up by 4%//to 51%.2）There was an increase/creeping-up of 4% in the percentage of Coal.3）We can witness…4）The year of 1980 witness ed/reflected…5） A outnumber/ outpercentage B by…A比B大3000.A outnumbersB by 3000.A: Coal in/of 1980B: that in 1970=its counterpart对等物eg. Coal in 1980 outpercentaged its counterpart by 4 percent.Coal was the biggest/leading//predominant/outstanding/striking instrument among its counterpart s.while Nuclear rocketed by 10 times.the percentage of Nuclear was 11 times//eleven-fold that of its counterpart“倍数的讲法”参考红书P58-60There was an increase of 10 times in Nuclear.We can witness…The year of 1980 witnessed…Coal in 1980 outpercentaged its counterpart by 10 timesOil almost remained stable.There was a decrease of 4% in the percentage of Hydro. In addition, the year of 1980 witnessed a slump of 9% in Natural Gas. What is worth mentioning is Oil was almost morose during the decade.Through the charts, we can easily draw the conclusion that the new source of energy, particularly Nuclear was given full play while the traditional ones, though still dominant, reached their bottleneck/ceiling to some extent.●两个图的写作原则：3+5第一张图——3句万能句型第二张图——涨/跌/平的比较，5个数据2涨+2跌+（1平）数据很多的时候：第一张图分三种情况：最大的——2号句型最小的——1号句型中间的——3号句型破纸P2Social…, ad, edu, sci cover comparatively a majority of their main fields of study, with …respectively, while 2.24%, 1.84% and 2.10% are shared by... The remaining percentages are in moderation, with 5.53% for , 7.4% and 9.35% respectively.increase max:min Social Science●三个以上图的写作原则直接联动（曲线图写作模式）line chart连词、副词连接顺接：furthermore, moreover, in addition, additionally, next, in the following, what is worth mentioning（值得一提的是）, what is interesting, what should not be neglected(不能忽略的是), last, on the other hand, meanwhile转折：while, on the other hand, conversely, on the contrary, what is so different isLine Chart●形态划分法——最简单的图●点位划分法——较复杂的图●水平划分法——极其复杂的图●比较划分法——两根曲线Para 2:总分句All trends(动态)/statistics(静态)/charts(多图) can be categorized/classified into ____ stages(时间)/groups(无时间)/types(多图) with (―general‖ trends or characteristics).●general=junk words2 groups with predominance of Humanities in 1990 and 1994 and predominance of Business in 1996, 1998 and 2000.Applied subjectswith fluctuating from Jan to June, rising sharply from June to Aug, falling sharply from Aug to Oct and rising gently from Oct to Dec.with fluctuating from Jan to Jun, rising from Jun to Aug, Oct to Dec, falling from Aug to Oct.with fluctuating gently from Jan to Jun and fluctuating sharply from Jun to Dec.点位划分法：with fluctuating evenly and gently from Jan to Jun and fluctuating evenly and sharply from Jun to Dec.●Specific Description:用天龙八部和句式变换来描述Version One:It fluctuated within a small range from Jan to June. Then it soared, reaching a peak at 3000 in Aug and slumped, bottoming out at about 1250 in Oct. Finally, there was a boom/rally till the end of the year. Version Two:Harry’s annual sales of hamburgers were volatile slightly during the first half year, followed by leaping till its zenith at 3000 in Aug. We can witness a sudden slump to Oct, echoed by booming till Dec.Creative Writing―Band 9‖ Version图表系统结合文字系统图表：reach a peak in Aug文字：The hamburger sold best in summer.Few people would buy hamburgers in Autumn, esp, Oct.Hamburger encountered a recession in Oct//a sales waterloo/catastrophe.All trends can be categorized into 2 stages with rising and falling sharply (6-10, 16-20) and rising and falling evenly (11-15, 20-22).红书P71All statistics can be categorized into 2 stages with the popularity of cinema from 1957 to 1960 and the popularity of TV from 1960 to 1974.As to/As for/In terms of/In respect of/In aspect of/In regard to/Concerning the curve of cinema admissions, it dipped from 1957 to 1960, followed by subsiding in the following/next 6 years. We can witness a trend of ebbing till 1972. In the end, there was an abating to its bottom at about 90 in 1974.P72All statistics can be categorized into 3 stages with the equilibrium均势of/in the birth and death rates in the first decade of the 20th century, the predominance of birth rate in the following two decades, and the predominance of death rate from 1930 to 1970(in the consecutive 40 years).As to the birth rate, stabilization in the first ten years was followed by leaping to its zenith at 60 per thousand in 1920. We can witness a clear slump to almost one-third of the zenith in 1940. The next 20 years reflected an even rise and fall. Finally it abated to the trough in 1970.Contrary to the birth rate, the death one continued to creep down after the overlapping period till 1930, when a rally was shown between 1930 and 1940. Fortunately, fewer people died in the rest years, with ebbing to the nadir in 1970. What is worth mentioning is that both birth and death rates reached the bottom level in 1970.As to death rate, it abated from 1900 to 1930, followed by soaring to its peak at 5% in 1940. We can see an ebbing till 1970.In the respect of birth rate, the first decade witnessed stabilization, followed by leaping to its peak/zenith at nearly 6% in 1920. It slumped to 2% in 1940 and rose and fell evenly in the next two decades. Finally it had the similar trend with its counterpart, death rate.Sample Topic 13All charts can be categorized into 2 types with absoluteness type for Full-time males and Part-time females and alternation type for Full-time females and Part-time males.概括描写（不同趋势、句型导入）The trend of 1973 fluctuated within a large range.So did the trend of 1993作业：1）红书P78 3+52）破纸P2 3+53）破纸P3 分线描写4）红书P72 分线描写5）复习“天龙八部”TABLE表格的描述顺序是以时间（趋势）作为主线，非时间作为辅线（一句话）五种技术举例方法：极端数字举例法范围法平均值举例法类比法反比法basically soar except in 1995crept down to 1995 and rallied till 1998All trends can be categorized into 2 groups with fluctuating in Holiday, Visits to friends and relatives, Other reasons, TOTAL and rising in Business.TABLE23, 37, 41, 57, 6347，53，42，46，58Holiday: basically soar ExtremeBusiness: boom RangeOther reasons: rise and fall evenly AverageTOTAL: Similarity13, 24, 27, 35, 4347, 56, 42, 49, 574，7，11，16，2345，56，60，76，86Omnipotent 万能法①/②Rare ③Frequent④/⑤32，36，46，53，5733，37，47，54，59类比的四种句型：This is the similar/identical case with…This is true of …So does…This can be paralleled with …反比的三种句型：This is the opposite with…This is converse/reverse with …This is contrary to …无序（无规律）数据用1/2，甚至不举（看字数需要）表格题的风格：Technical Table (随意选取栏目)Strategic Table (Screening甄别；筛选)红书P73●一定要写的项目：√●说明公司：Despite the increasing net sales of ABC Company, the rate of increase is deteriorating. Furthermore, the Costs and expenses were not controlled properly, leading to the plain increase of Net income with a declineafter 1998.表格题审题顺序：1）确定写作顺序（横？纵？）10 sec2）表格审题编号——先趋势，后数据✧在表格左边空白区域标上trend编号30 sec✧写出all trends那句话（总分句）2 min✧在表格右边空白区域进行数据方法的编号2-3 min✧进行数据的描写10 minFood always played a major part//accounted for comparatively a majority in the average family expenditure in Britain.（纵向比较结果）Sample Topic 6:All trends can be categorized into 4 groups with falling in items such as Food, rising in items including Housing, fluctuating in Household goods and services, and stabilizing in Other items.Transport and communications soared, reaching an apex at 16% in 1996 and hitting a trough at 9% in 1967. Household goods and services was volatile dramatically with the vertex in 1996 and the nadir in 1977. Furthermore, there was a subsiding in Other goods and services, ranging from 8% to 14%. Alcoholic drink plateaued at 7% from 1967 to 1977, followed by a sudden slump to 4% in 1996, this was almost paralleled with the trend of Fuel, light and power. (Food abated, averaging out at nearly 20%.) Similarly, the trend of Housing accrued from 1967 to 1996 with an average of 14% in 1977. This was almost the similar case with the trend of Recreation, entertainment and education, which was the opposite with that of Tobacco.range(verb): to vary within specified limits:在…范围内变动：在某一特定的范围内变化：What is worth mentioning is that Other items, not making its debut until 1977, remained constant from 1977 to 1996.Sample Topic 11:趋势编号：1，2，2，23，1，1，2All trends can be categorized into 3 groups with rising in Agriculture of Britain, Computer Industry and Finance of China, fluctuating in Computer Industry, Finance, Manual Labour of Britain and Manual Labour of China, and falling in Agriculture of China.In terms of the industries of Britain, the percentage of Manual Labourers fluctuated within a large range, reaching a peak at 61% in 1970 and bottoming out at 20% in 1990. This was the opposite with the trend of employees in Computer Industry. People engaged in Finance showed an undulation within a range of 10%. Agriculture witnessed a creeping-up of employment, averaging out at nearly 20%.表格题比较原则：有可比点的比，没有可比点的不要比“可比点”表示差异性（相反）“没有可比点”表示同质性(similarity)或不相关性(irrelevancy)横向比较结果：In Britain, Manual Labour was the largest industry drawing employees, while most people in China, were engaged in Agriculture.纵向比较结果：Agriculture witnessed a converse trend in aspect of employment for both countries. In China, Computer Industry and Finance were prone to be booming industries.红书P74All trends can be categorized into 3 groups with rising in income and the expenses of Food, Housing, Medical, falling in the expenses of Others, and stabilizing of Entertainment and Savings.Generally speaking, we can witness a soar in the trend of income from 1980 t0 1985. Focusing on the various expenses in 1980, Others and Housing accounted for the comparatively a majority of the expenses, with 35% and 25% respectively. 28% altogether was shared by Food and Medical. Furthermore, the remaining 12% was a tiny portion occupied by Entertainment and Savings. In the aspect of 1985,表格题的类型：Dynamic Table（有趋势）Static Table（无趋势）纯比较——用多种语法形式来变换BAR CHART柱状图的本质——其它三种题型用柱子来表示。