中考初中英语条件状语从句分析(全,含练习及答案)

中考初中英语条件状语从句分析（全，含练习及答案）
本节课我们学习其中的条件状语从句。

目录：
一、概念；
二、时态；
三、条件状语从句的引导词；
（一）if 引导的条件状语从句；
（二）unless引导的条件状语从句；
（三）as /so long as引导的条件状语从句；
（四）once引导的条件状语从句；
四、条件状语在句中的位置；
五、转换；
六、拓展；
七、综合练习；
一、概念
在某种条件下，可能发生某事。

由if/unless等引导的表示条件的句子，就叫条件状语从句。

e.g:
If you put wood into water, it floats.
如果你把木头放到水里，它就会浮起来。

Unless you keep ice cream in a fridge, it melts.
除非你把冰淇淋放进冰箱，不然它就会融化。

二、时态
1．当主句和从句所表示的是原理、客观真理、规则时，主句是一般现在时
（包括祈使句和含有情态动词can/may/must等），从句也要用一般现在时。

例如：
1) If you put a piece of paper into water, it gets wet．如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。

(原理)
2)Be careful if you cross the road.(祈使句)
3) You must see the doctor if you are ill.( 含有情态动词）
2. 在if条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个可能发生的事实及其产生的相关结果，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。

e.g:
1) If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.
2) If you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the morning.
3. 如果从句用现在进行时或现在完成时，主句需用一般将来时。

1）If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。

2）If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。

三、条件状语从句的引导词
（一）if 引导的条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。

如：
If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。

If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

If you have finished the homework，you can go home．
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。

另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。

从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。

如：
If I were you，I would invite him to the party．如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic．
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。

另外还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配
1．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
If he runs, he’ll get there in time.如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。

The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。

2．if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can
If the fog gets thicker, the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。

If it stops snowing, we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。

3．if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should
If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。

4．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时
If you heat ice, it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。

5．if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时
If you are looking for Peter, you’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。

6．if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时
If you have finished dinner, I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
注意：
学习了" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法，现在进行总结一下:
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。

如：
We can walk there if we can't find a bus.
If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.
What will you do if you find a panda in danger?
如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。

如：
If bears are in danger, they attack people.
（二）unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是如果不，除非。

可与if...not互换。

You will fail in English unless you work hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。

同义句转换：
Work hard, or you will fail in English.
→ You will fail in English ________ _________ ________ work hard.
[答案] if you don’t
（三）as /so long as引导的条件状语从句
as /so long as意思是“只要”
So long as you're happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。

（四）once引导的条件状语从句
once引导的条件状语从句，意为“一旦...，就”，从句可置于主句前或后
Once you begin, never stop. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止
Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。

提示：
在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

If the weather is bad next week, we'll put off the climbing.
如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。

Father told me if I worked hard he would buy me a gift.
爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。

四、条件状语在句中的位置
大多数情况下，if/unless从句既可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。

当从句置于主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开。

It floats if you put wood into water. = If you put wood into water, it floats.
五、转换
1、当主语是you时,if引导的条件状语从句可与“祈使句+ and／or+简单句”进行句型转换。

and表示句意顺承；or表示转折，意为“否则”。

例如：
Take care, or you'll fall off the tree. 小心，否则你会从树上掉下来。

=If you don't take care, you'll fall off the tree.
2. unless也可引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not，意思是“如果不、除非”。

例如：
You will fail in Math unless you work harder.
= You will fail in Math if you don't work harder.
你要是不再加把劲儿，数学考试就不及格了。

六、拓展
1. if从句还可以表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，主句则用虚拟语气。

1) If I were you, I would invite him to the party.
2) I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
2. if表示“是否”时引导宾语从句，意思同whether.
I don’t know if he can come.
If he comes, I' ll tell you at once.
以下请同学们来做一些练习吧！
答案：
1. feel; have
2. will; he; has
3. are; will be
4. will dress; doesn’t work
5. lives; will keep
6. will buy; is
7. will fight; argue
8. will have; need
9. will send; tours 10. says; will feel
答案：
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
5.B
6. D
7. won’t; u nless
8. will; unless
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

B
We are excited when we reach our goals, and at that moment we laugh, clap, even are over the moon. Without doubt, good results make us joyful. However, we can not always get what we want and be the winner all the time. Some people can't help doubting, "Are our efforts in vain?"
The answer is "No". We should remember that we are not only measured by how many goals we've reached, but also by how we've acted, which means the process(过程)is also important.
Here is an example. Fruit is delicious. It takes trees a long time to bear it. In the process of growing, trees have to suffer from bad weather, insect bites and also intentional destruction(故意破坏) from human beings. So it is with us. Our life is like a journey. At the beginning, we set a destination（目标）, dreaming of it every night, but we should never forget that we spend most of our time on the journey. Unfortunately, many people only complain about the failure and then give up hope. In fact, it is failure that teaches us to be brave and stand on our own feet.
I myself deeply believe that only those who have experienced a lot can own the highly-valued character; only those who have taken a lot of adventures can have the chance to succeed. As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." We are still young, still full of energy, so why are we afraid of failure and why do we hesitate(犹豫) to take an adventure?
Young men, let's forget results, leave out pains, and just look forward and don't miss any chance on the journey!
（1）Reaching our goals will make us ________.
A. laugh at others
B. be over the moon
C. asset another goal
D. forget our efforts （2）What does the underlined phrase "in vain" mean in Chinese?
A. 值得
B. 益处
C. 高效
D. 徒劳（3）The writer gives an example of fruit in order to say _________.
A. fruit is delicious
B. people can also suffer a lot in life
C. it's hard for a tree to bear fruit
D. we should grow trees to get good fruit
（4）Only those who __________ will get the good character.
A. have gone through a lot
B. work very hard
C. believe that things will be better and better
D. believe in themselves
（5）What's the best title for this passage ?
A. Stand on Our Own Feet
B. Process Is Also Important
C. Don't Doubt Yourself
D. Failure Is the Mother Of Success
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了做任何事情的过程对我们来说也很重要。

（1）细节理解题，根据第一段We are excited when we reach our goals, and at that moment we laugh, clap, even are over the moon.可知当我们达到目标时，我们很兴奋，在那一刻，我们笑，鼓掌，甚至感觉在月亮上，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题，根据第一段"Are our efforts in vain?"可知这句是说“我们的劳动是徒劳的吗”，故选D。

（3）细节理解题，根据第三段In the process of growing, trees have to suffer from bad weather, insect bites and also intentional destruction(故意破坏) from human beings. So it is with us. 可知作者给出水果的例子是为了说明我们在生活中也会遭受很多，故选B。

（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段 I myself deeply believe that only those who have experienced a lot can own the highly-valued character; 可知只有那些经历过很多的人有高尚的品格，故选A。

（5）主旨大意题，通读全文可知作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了过程也很重要，故选B。

【点评】这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难，但是文章较长，需要仔细阅读。

2．根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。

The Volunteers for the Ice and Snow Festival
Jack
Du Yue Mike Zhang Na
Word Box：item项目；personality性格
（1）Jack helped during the City Art Festival .
A. in 2013
B. in 2015
C. in 2016
（2）Mike is Zhang Na.
A. three years older than
B. as old as
C. three years younger than
（3）Du Yue and Zhang Na .
A. have similar volunteering experiences
B. come from different countries
C. have the same personality
（4）If someone is hurt during the Ice and Snow Festival, may be the most suitable to help.
A. Jack
B. Du Yue
C. Mike
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form(表格)above?
A. Mike who taught children music is humorous.
B. The two girls volunteered at the Olympics.
C. Jack from England is a tour guide.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了冰雪节的一些志愿者信息。

（1）细节题。

根据Jack这一竖排中Helping during the City Art Festival in 2016，可知在2016年帮助常识艺术家，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据Age这一横排中可知Mike年龄是31岁，Zhang Na年龄是28岁，Mike 比Zhang Na大3岁，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据Volunteering experience(s) 这一横排中可知Du Yue和Zhang Na可知她
们都在宠物医院工作过，所以她们有相似的工作经验，故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据Job这一栏可知Du Yue工作是护士，所以在冰雪节有人受伤时她可以帮助，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据Mike这一竖排Teaching children music at school in the countryside和Humorous可知Mike在学校教孩子音乐，并且性格是幽默的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
Jenny wanted to encourage students to read more famous books, so she decided to put an introduction to some interesting children's story books in the school newspaper.
The Little Prince(《小王子》) is a famous work written by French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. In the book, the little prince leaves his own planet to explore the universe(宇宙). In his journey, he finds that the adult world is really strange and boring. Finally, he goes back to his planet which is full of love. The book is really popular throughout the world.
Charlotte's Web (《夏洛特的网》) is a famous children's novel written by American author E. B. White. The novel tells the story of a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a spider named Charlotte on a farm. When Wilbur is in danger of being killed for his meat by the farmer, Charlotte writes messages to praise Wilbur in her web and saves him. Wilbur becomes famous in the village and he is safe in the end. When it came out in 1952, the book was welcomed by both adults and children. And it is still very popular today.
The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane (《爱德华的奇妙之旅》) is a 2006 novel written by Kate DiCamillo. The book is about an unusual journey of a china rabbit named Edward Tulane. He travels from one place to another, meeting many people. During his journey, he learns to love and finally finds love again. This book is popular nowadays and was mentioned many times in the famous South Korean TV series My love from the Star (《来自星星的你》). The warm and sweet story will surely make you understand more about love.
（1）Jenny introduced some interesting children's story books to .
A. encourage students to read more
B. encourage students to write more
C. show off the books she has read
D. make money by selling books
（2）The underlined word "praise" properly means " " in Chinese.
A. 欺骗
B. 批评
C. 赞扬
D. 攻击（3）Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The three books mentioned in the passage are popular today.
B. The writers of the three books are all Americans.
C. When Charlotte's Web came out, it was only popular with adults.
D. My Love from the Star is a famous Chinese TV series.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：珍妮为鼓励学生阅读更多书籍，决定在校报上介绍一些世界名著，其中包括《小王子》、《夏洛特的网》和《爱德华的奇妙之旅》。

老师在简介中分别介绍了三本小说的作者、故事大意和它们的流行（受欢迎）程度。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的"Jenny wanted to encourage students to read more famous books，so she decided to put an introduction to some interesting children's story books in the school newspaper"可知，珍妮想鼓励学生阅读名著，于是决定在校报上刊登一些名著的简介。

由此可知珍妮向学生介绍儿童读物的目的是鼓励学生多读书。

故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据文中的"When Wilbur is in danger of being killed for his meat by the farmer，Charlotte writes messages to praise Wilbur in her web and saves him"可知，当威尔伯面临被杀的危险时，夏洛特在自己的网上写信称赞威尔伯，并拯救了他，故知praise的意思是"赞扬"。

故选C。

（3）细节判断题。

根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子The book is really popular throughout the world. 这本书在世界各地很受欢迎．和第三段句子it is still very popular today. 今天仍然是非常受欢迎的。

和第四段句子This book is popular nowadays. 这本书现在很流行。

可知这篇文章中提到的三本书今天仍很受欢迎，故选A。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

4．阅读理解
Calabash brothers(葫芦娃兄弟) live in the Calabash Mountain with their grandfather. They are all very brave. They wear different clothes. The red calabash is the other six brothers 'elder brother. He is powerful. His body can be bigger or smaller. But he doesn't have his own ideas. The
orange calabash has enhanced hearing and sight. He can see and hear far places clearly. The yellow calabash's body is very strong. Nothing can injure(伤害)him, but he is arrogant(傲慢的). The green calabash is the god of fire. He can eat fire and make fire. The cyan(青色的) calabash can drink water and make flood. The blue calabash is the cleverest of all. Nobody can find him when he makes himself invisible. And the purple calabash has a magic gourd(葫芦). The gourd can absorb(吸收) everything.
One day a pangolin(穿山甲) broke the cave and two monsters came out.
They were Monster Scorpion(蝎子精) and Monster Snake. The calabash brothers must fight with them and save the world. Unluckily, their grandfather who helped them beat the monster, was killed by the monsters finally.
（1）How many calabash brothers are there?
A. Five.
B. Six.
C. Seven.
D. Eight.
（2）What does the red calabash look like?
A. He is powerful.
B. He has enhanced eyes.
C. He has two big eyes.
D. He has a hard head.
（3）If there is a fire, you may find the _______.
A. red calabash
B. orange calabash
C. green calabash
D. cyan calabash
（4）What does the underlined word "invisible" mean in Chinese?
A. 微不足道的
B. 看不见的
C. 暴露的
D. 赤裸的【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了七个葫芦娃的故事，分别介绍了他们的颜色与特长。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中语句The red calabash is the other six brothers 'elder brother. 提示可知葫芦兄弟一共七个，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中语句The red calabash is the other six brothers 'elder brother. He is powerful. His body can be bigger or smaller. 提示可知，红葫芦娃他很强悍，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中语句The green calabash is the god of fire. He can eat fire and make fire. 提示可知，青葫芦娃会造火，故选C。

（4）词义理解推断题。

根据文中语句 Nobody can find him when he makes himself invisible. 提示可知，invisible表示看不见，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题与词义推断题。

细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义题需要通读上下文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

5．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.
When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality.
Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic.
They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive.
So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.
（1）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Environmental protection.
B. The world of tomorrow.
C. Advantages of technology.
（2）What do we learn from the passage?
A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems
B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap.
C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
（3）What is the correct structure of the passage? (P1=Paragraph1)
A. B. C.
（4）What does the underlined word "they" refer to?
A. Car companies.
B. 3D print.
C. Body parts.
（5）We can infer that the writer ________ about the future life with technology.
A. doesn't care
B. feels hopeful
C. feels disappointed
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍很多人对2050年对未来世界的两个预测。

私人飞车和3D打印机。

（1）细节理解题。

根据What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.可知本段主要谈论的是未来的世界是什么样子，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality.一些人认为交通管制会有问题。

如果汽车变得流行，很可能会出现空中交通堵塞。

另一个大问题是机械故障。

如果汽车停止工作会发生什么？如果飞车成为现实，这些问题我们必须预料到。

可知科技的发展将会带来新的问题，选项A符合文章内容，故选A；选项C，不符合文字内容，故排除C；The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive.可知选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B；综上所述，故选A。

（3）篇章结构题。

根据Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.总说； When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car.和 Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic.分说；So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly
dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.总结。

根据文章结构可知：总—分—总，故选A。

（4）代词指代题。

根据下文They build the object layer by layer until it is complete.可知是指上文 3D printers，故选B。

（5）推理判断题。

根据So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.因此，在未来，我们可能会飞到工作或打印出新的鞋。

尽管在这一切成为可能之前还有一些问题需要解决，但我们当然可以梦想一个技术使数百万人的生活更容易、更安全的世界。

可知推知作者对科技未来的生活充满希望，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。