2014年上海市高三英语六校联考试卷

2014年上海市⾼三英语六校联考试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A(A)
Some of the world’s most talented musicians have played concerts at Lincoln Center. On September 10, the center (25)
________(host) a unique class of star musicians: kids and teens.
The young players are part of the World Peace Orchestra, or WPO. The group held its first Music for Peace concert in New York City, with 134 students from more than 60 countries (26)____________(take) part. Musicians
(27)____________(select) from all over the world, (28)______________ conflict regions like Iraq, Uganda, and Ethiopia.
Oscar-winning actor Kevin Spacey introduced the orchestra and spoke about the concert’s theme. “Tonight we will see and hear evidence that while countries may go to war, (29)___________ is culture that unites us,” Spacey said. Culture is expressed through arts, such as music, dance and writing.
The World Peace Orchestra began in 2013. The nonprofit group brings kids together using the common language of music. To be considered for the orchestra, students first had to be recommended by their teachers and then audition online for a panel of judges. Once (30)___________ (choose), they worked with professional musicians and teachers to improve their skills.
Some of the young musicians play classical instruments, (31)_______ _______ violins and flutes. Others play instruments unique to their home country. For example, Arnold Mugo, 16, from Kenya, plays a percussion instrument called the Djembe. The drum is originally from West Africa. Mugo says he was shocked (32)______________ he learned he was selected for the orchestra. “I can’t express how I felt. I was rolling on the floor,” he told reporters. “It’s a once in a lifetime opportunity.”(B)
On September 13, the New York City Health Department became the first in the nation (33)_____________ (ban) the sale of sugared beverages larger than 16oz at restaurants, mobile food carts, sports arenas and movie theaters. The ban includes sodas and sweetened tea. The law is aimed at cutting obesity rates in the United States, (34)______________at least two-thirds of adults are considered overweight. (35)_____________ the ban is widely supported by health professionals, it’s not popular with food retailers or many city residents.
The ruling, (36) ____________ takes effect in March 2013, will prevent restaurants and cafeterias from selling sugared beverages in cups or containers larger than 16 ounces—about the size of a typical small soda. Supermarkets and convenience stores—including 7-Eleven, which sells the jumbo-sized Big Gulp—are not included in the law.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg led the ban on large drinks. More than half of New York City adults and nearly 40 percent of the city’s public elementary and middle school students are considered overweight. “(37)____________we are faced with is a crisis …we need to act on this,”said Board of Health member Deepthiman Gowda, a professor of medicine at Columbia University, the Associated Press reported. Bloomberg has noted that the ban doesn’t prevent people from buying several small sodas at (38)_____________ time if they wish, but health officials hope that the inconvenience will eventually get people to cut down on their use of sugared drinks.
New York City’s Board of Health members say that banning mega-sized drinks is an
important step toward helping consumers (39)___________ ____________ to drink fewer calories, but may also encourage people to make other healthy changes to their diet. The board reviewed data (40)_____________ (show) that sugared drinks make up 43 percent of the added sugar in the average American diet.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can
full facility in the handling of his ______41______ language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual use, and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.
This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to
work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to ______42______ others provided his own knowledge does not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding __43___ with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to ___44___ rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently ___45___ of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work, i.e. the
______46_______ of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, unnecessary that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage rather than a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a
______47______ that he can do away with. It is, however, desirable that he should have a(n) ____48____ idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to ___49___ how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same may ___50___ to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not matter.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Could the Internet be totally free and should it be? Should the Internet be regulated? The recent disorder in the Arab world
__51__ by a disputed (有争议的) video damaging the image of Prophet (先知) Muhammad shows that the United States, which is busy __52__ global Internet freedom, has paid a huge price with the lives of its diplomats.
In an ______53_______ Internet world, cheating, violence or rumors can bring serious consequences. Last month, in India, the “largest democracy”, rumors of ethnic violence spread like a virus across the country, sending about 300,000 people fleeing from south to northeast of the country. Social media and text messaging played a crucial role in ______54_______the flow of rumors. The images and videos showing the anti-Muslim
attacks that hadn’t happened at all created ______55_____ among the people and caused great chaos. Many other countries across the world are periodically suffering from “rumors”spread by the Internet and social media.
The US-led West always promotes Internet freedom and __56__ any regulation as investigation, but it should think twice if it calculates the heavy price that has been and has to be paid for the free Internet. Moreover, __57__ the Internet in the West appears to be free, with no obvious __58__ and no limited sites, isn’t the structure of the main pages already hand-controlled, with selected press agencies and __59__ occupying clearly dominating(主导的) positions?
The Internet has helped fight injustice, __60__ corruption(腐败) in places so far apart as Indonesia, India and Latin America. But the Internet could be extremely __61__ as well. Various racist or separatist organizations are using their Internet sites to fan passions. Those who are spreading hate are frequently using the Internet as their tool. Therefore, no country can __62__ to make the Internet absolutely free.
The question is how to keep free flow of information __63__ while protecting children from unhealthy works, common citizens from evil rumors and countries from unfair and damaging propaganda (宣传) attacks. And who sets the limits?
The _____64______ is that there will never be a perfect system. Every country will have to develop its own system, based on its culture, social surroundings and the degree of danger it’s facing. In the meantime, it would be useful to realize that the West is _____65_______ the one to be the vanguard (先锋) of objectivity and free flow of information.
51. A. led B. caused C. damaged D. attacked
52. A. helping B. processing C. promoting D. improving
53. A. unaffected B. unregulated C. unalarmed D. undetected
54. A. slowing down B. turning over C. speeding up D. holding back
55. A. anger B. shock C. confusion D. panic
56. A. supports B. follows C. opposes D. dislikes
57. A. as if B. even if C. so that D. in that
58. A. interruption B. interference C. defense D. preference
59. A. programs B. substances C. channels D. sources
60. A. uncover B. strike C. prevent D. avoid
61. A. beneficial B. useful C. sensitive D. destructive
62. A. refuse B. afford C. fail D. attempt
63. A. unpolluted B. unskilled C. unoccupied D. uninterrupted
64. A. importance B. conclusion C. description D. possibility
65. A. definitely B. hardly C. virtually D. invisibly
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
On Saturday mornings I worked in the family shop. I started cycling down to the shop with Dad on Saturday as soon as I was big enough. I thought of it as giving him a hand and so I didn’t mind what I did, although it was mostly just fetching and carrying at a run all morning.
I managed not to think of it as work and I looked forward to the bar of chocolate my grandmother passed me unsmilingly as I left. As soon as I was fifteen, though, Dad said, “That’s it, our Janet. You’re of working age now and you’re not coming to work unless your grandmother pays you properly.” He did his best to make his chin look determined. “I shall speak to her.”The next Saturday, Gran called me into her little office behind the shop. I always hated going in there. She had an electric heater on full blast, and the windows were always kept tightly closed whatever the weather. There were piles of dusty catalogues and brochures on the floor. “You’re wanting to get paid, I hear.” Gran said. “Yes, please,” I replied. It was rather like visiting the head mistress at school, so I was very quiet and respectful. “How old are you?”“Fifteen ... Gran,” I added for extra politeness, but she looked at me as if I had been cheeky. “Full-timers at your age get two hundred and forty pounds for a thirty-five-hour week,” she announced in such a way as to leave no doubt that she wasn’t in favor of this. “No wonder there’s no profit in shop keeping! So Janet, what’s that per hour?” Question like that always flustered me. Instead of trying to work them out in my head, I would just stand there unable to think straight. “I’ll get a pencil and paper,” I offered. “Don’t bother,”snapped Gran angrily, “I’ll do it myself. I’ll give you 6 pounds an hour; take it or leave it,”“I’ll take it, please,”“And I expect real work for it, mind. No standing about, and if I catch you eating any of the stock, there’ll be trouble. That’s theft, and it’s a crime.”From then on, my main job at the shop was filling the shelves. This was dull, but I hardly expected to be trusted with handling the money. Once or twice, however, when Dad was extra busy, I’d tried to help him by serving behind the counter. I hated it. It was very difficult to remember the prices of everything. Certain customers made unkind remarks about this, increasing my confusion and the chances of making a fool of myself.
It was an old-established village shop, going back 150 years at least and it was really behind the times even then. Dad longed to be able to make the shop more attractive to customers, but Gran wouldn’t hear of it. I overheard them once arguing about whether to buy a freezer cabinet. “Our customers want frozen food,”Dad said. “They see things advertised and if they can’t get them from us, they’ll go elsewhere.”“Your father always sold fresh food,”Gran replied. “People come here for quality; they don’t want all that frozen stuff.”
66. How did Janet feel when she first started her Saturday morning job?
A. She enjoyed the work that she was given.
B. She was pleased to be helping her father.
C. She was worried that she was not doing it well.
D. She was really interested in the reward.
67. What do we learn about her grandmother’s office in the second paragraph?
A. It was untidy.
B. It was dark.
C. It needed decorating.
D. It had too much furniture in it.
68. The word “flustered” (in paragraph 2) means _______.
A. bored
B. angered
C. confused
D. depressed
69. What did Janet’s father and grandmother disagree about?
A. How to decorate the village shop to make it more attractive.
B. The type of advertising needed to attract customers.
C. The type of customers they wanted to attract.
D. How to get new customers to come to the shop.
(B)
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70. What does the word FAQs in the title of the article mean?
A. Fully Accepted Qualities.
B. Fantastic African Qualities.
C. Face –to –face Associated Quotations.
D. Frequently Asked Quest ions.
71. In what way will the medicine take effect to its fullest?
A. Take pills regularly and you are sure to achieve your absolute best shape.
B. Drinking more water daily will guarantee the pills to work efficiently.
C. A healthy diet, adequate water and more exercise will contribute.
D. High-calorie food and enough water are essential to make the pills work well.
72. It can be learned from the passage that___________________. .
A. the pills are unpopular with film stars
B. auto-rebilling and auto-reshipping are reliable business practices
C. Virginia Tech University doubted whether drinking water helps lose weight
D. the one-time-only transaction service ensures customers’ confidence
73. How can we buy African Mango securely?
A. We can place an order securely with the help of search engine.
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C. McAfee SECURE promises the security of your order.
D. Many web sites providing “free trials” service are considered to be secure.
(C)
Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body.
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract（消化道）, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens（过敏原）and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize（中和）the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you
need to take an active approach.
74. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that _____________.
A. foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit
B. we’d better be cauti ous about raw and whole foods
C. it is essential for people to protect their vital organs
D. giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle
75. Processed foods are unhealthy because they __________.
A. destroy body’s cells
B. may lead to obesity
C. are difficult to digest
D. stop body’s metabolism
76. What is the main purpose of this passage?
A. To warn people of the problem of obesity.
B. To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.
C. To inform people of the harm of processed foods.
D. To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.
77. What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?
A. Different causes of acid accumulation.
B. Correct ways to cook raw foods.
C. Suitable types of raw and whole foods.
D. Active approaches to avoid acid.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)
Scorpions(蝎⼦) can be referred to as living fossils because they have changed their form so little in the last 400 million years. Scorpions can be found on all major land masses other than Antarctica, and in many different habitats; from high on mountains to the sea shore, from the driest deserts to tropical rain forest. Scorpions are really “laid back” about life and really do not believe in putting out more effort than is really necessary.
Most species stay very close to their burrows(洞⽳) and some may spend as much as ninety-seven per cent of their lives inside their burrows. Some species can go as long as a year without food and some can live indefinitely without water, deriving all the moisture they need from their prey(猎物). Many scorpions are able to survive in a habitat where food is available only infrequently. Female scorpions put in a lot of effort into raising their young. The amazing thing about scorpions is that they have diversified to all these habitats with very little change. The basic body plan of scorpions is the same now as it was when they first appeared. They tend to change their habitats rather than their form in order to adapt to a new environment, which gives them something in common with humans.
Scorpions sit and wait for a likely prey item to bump into them. Therefore, because of this, they have to be unselective about their food. Scorpions make use of external digestion. In other words, they spit digestive fluids onto the remains of their prey and then suck up the resulting soup. In this way, they are extremely efficient at digesting their prey. Scorpions can consume huge amounts of food at one sitting and excrete(排泄) very little in the way of waste.
78. It is mentioned in the first paragraph that scorpions are really “laid back”about life,
which is shown by the example that ________________________________.
79. From the second paragraph, we know that scorpions “can live indefinitely without water”. Where do they get their water from then?
80. Scorpions are similar to human beings in that ____________________________.
81. Why do scorpions excrete very little?
第II卷(共47分)
I. Translation
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 爱因斯坦认为他的成功在于好奇⼼和勤奋。

(lie)
2. 尽管得不到⽀持和⿎励，他坚持做研究决不半途⽽废。

(in spite of)
3. 他们已经形成规律每隔⼀周聚会⼀次交流收集到得信息。

(make it a rule)
4. 你就没想过你有可能由于你的粗⼼错过这次获奖的机会吗？(occur)
5. 世界上越来越多的⼈受到了艾滋病的威胁，因此必须采取积极的措施来阻⽌它的传播。

(threaten)
25. hosted 26. taking part 27. were selected 28. including 29. it 30. chosen
31. such as 32. when 33. to ban 34. where 35. While/Though/Although
36. which/that 37. What 38. a 39. not only 40. showing
41-50 EFGHKBCJDI 51-65 BCBCD CBBDA DBDBB
66-77 DACC DCDB ABBC
78. scorpions sit and wait for a prey to bump into them
79. They get their water from their prey.
80. they change their habitats to adapt to a new environment
或they have diversified to all the habitats with little change
81. Because their external digestion allows them to digest food efficiently.
1. Einstein thought his success lay in curiosity and diligence.
2. In spite of (having) no support and encouragement, he insisted on / kept doing his research without giving up halfway.
3. They have made it a rule to get together once every other week to exchange the information they have collected.
4. Didn’t it ever occur to you that you might have missed this opportunity to win the prize because of your carelessness?
5. More and more people in the world are threatened with AIDS so positive measures must be taken to prevent it from spreading.。