2017_2018学年高中英语小题狂刷08Unit4LearningaboutLanguageUsi

狂刷08 Unit 4 Earthquakes Learning about Language Using Language
Grammar Writing
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. A man should be j______ by his deeds, not by his appearance.
2. He can e______ himself in fluent English now after four years’ hard learning.
3. We c______ him on his winning the prize.
4. We sent Nancy our c______ on her winning the gold medal in the 1,500-meter race.
5. The ______（轮廓）of our apartment came into view as our cab drew near to the block.
6. He opened the newspaper, and his attention was drawn by an article with an interesting ______（大字标题）.
7. I ______（真诚地）hope that you recover quickly after the operation.
ⅠⅠ.在下列各句中填入恰当的介词、副词或连接词
1. Ten more deaths had been dug ________by the time the chairman arrived.
2. A great number of tents were built ________ the survivors.
3. All of a sudden, the huge building lay ________ ruins.
4. He thought little of his daughter’s illness and fell fast asleep ________ usual.
5. You must come to the ceremony ________ that special day.
6. It seemed ________ he knows nothing about your difficult situation.
7. Anothe r big quake which was as strong ________ the first one hit the place again.
8. Many people know that they were ________danger, ________ none of them would give
in.
【答案】
1. out
2. for
3. in
4. as
5. on
6. as if/that
7. as 8. in; but
Ⅲ. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
congratulate…on do damage to in honour of give out judging by
1. ______ his accent, he may be from my hometown.
2. Many volunteers ______ food in the area hit by the earthquake.
3. The stadium was named ______ the club’s first chairman.
4. She ______ me warmly ______ my exam results.
5. The earthquake ______ the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.
IV. 用适当的关系代词填空
1. The building________wall is white is my uncle’s house.
2. I know the boy________you are looking for.
3. Will you please lend me the very book________you bought yesterday?
4. The student________the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.
5. The season________comes after spring is summer.
6. This is the museum________we visited last Saturday.
7. Is this the museum________you visited last Saturday?
8. I found some photos of interesting places________were not far away from our city.
9. The boy with________John spoke is my brother.
10. The girl________leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital. 【答案】
1. whose
2. who/that/whom
3. that
4. who/whom/that
5. which/that
6. that/which
7. that/which 8. which/that
9. whom 10. whose
V. 单句改错
下列复合句中均含有一个定语从句，但有一处错误，请予改正。

1. These who have plenty of money will help their friends.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
2. This is the longest train which I have ever seen.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
3. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whom family was poor.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
4. They have decided to stay at home, that is, I think, a wise choice.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
5. The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
6. I, who is your good friend, will try my best to help you.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
7. On the wall hung a picture, which color is blue.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
8. Mr. Heroin is one of the foreign experts who is working in China.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
9. They talked for about an hour of things and persons who they remembered in the school.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
10. The boss whose department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
______________________________________________________________________________ __________
【答案】
1. These→ Those
2. which→ that
3. whom→ whose
4. that → which
5. 去掉it
6. is→ am
7. which-whose 8. is→are
9. who→that 10. worded后加in
I. 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2017·新课标全国卷III)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. 1 Here’s how to make one.
● 2 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your
family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with
a timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 4
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制订一个计划去调节生物钟，
确保起床不再是一件令人头疼的事。

II. 阅读理解
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
(2016·新课标全国卷III)Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
＂The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass me dia,＂ says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. ＂They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Deb bie Downer.＂
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication —e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations —found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ websi te. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the ＂most e-mailed＂ list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, ＂Contagious: Why Things Catch On.＂
1. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?
A. News reports.
B. Research papers.
C. Private e-mails.
D. Daily conversations.
2. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?
A. They’re socially inactive.
B. They’re good at telling stories.
C. They’re inconside rate of others.
D. They’re careful with their words.
3. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?
A. Sports news.
B. Science articles.
C. Personal accounts.
D. Financial reviews.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide.
B. Online News Attracts More People.
C. Reading Habits Change with the Times.
D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks.
【答案】
【语篇解读】人们常说＂没有消息就是最好的消息＂。

类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体，在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。

个＂Debbie Downer＂，说明Debbie Downer指的是＂一个不为他人考虑的人＂，故选C。

B
Wong Fuk-wing, a Hong Kong volunteer(志愿者) at an orphanage(孤儿院) in Yushu,
was killed in the earthquake when he was trying to save others on April 14, 2010.
Wong managed to run safely out of the building with some children when the first quake happened at 7:50 am on April 14, but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside, although he knew the danger of aftershocks(余震).
At 10 a. m., all the children and one of the teachers were saved. However, Wong was buried under the fallen building and died. The other two teachers were still waiting to be rescued.
46-year-old Wong was a truck driver, who often said he could only give his efforts to charity(慈善) instead of money, as he did not earn a lot. His tragic(悲剧的) end touched the hearts of many people both in Hong Kong and on the mainland.
Wong began volunteering in 2002. In 2003, Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness, which gave him a great blow. However, the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man. When the earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan Province in 2008, Wong rushed to the disaster area of Shifang to offer his help though his family did not want him to go.
In fact, Qinghai is a place Wong had often visited since 2006. As a volunteer, he gave out medicine and clothing to the orphanage there. No one could expect that Wong would die helping others.
Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying yen said he had ＂the highest respect＂for the hero who gave his life for others. ＂What he did has shown the Hong Kong spirit.＂The citizens of Hong Kong called him ＂the pride of Hong Kong’s people＂ and people on the mainland have also praised him as ＂a true hero＂.
5. Wong died in the earthquake ____________.
A. after he sent medicine and clothing to the orphanage
B. when he returned to save the teachers and students
C. because he suffered from his serious illness again
D. as the first earthquake happened
6. The underlined word ＂deter＂ in Paragraph 5 refers to ＂____________＂.
A. prevent
B. refuse
C. kill
D. encourage
7. What can we know about Wong from the passage?
A. He never visited Qinghai before 2010.
B. He was supported by his family being a volunteer.
C. He was thought highly of by the Chinese.
D. He was a taxi driver before he died.
8. Which of the following words can be used to describe Wong according to the passage?
A. Honest and self-satisfactory.
B. Warm-hearted and selfless.
C. Proud and self-centered.
D. Capable and hard-working.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文讲述了香港义工黄福荣在地震中救人的故事。

III. 完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。

Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults, if not more. For babies and children, special __1__ should be paid to 2 their environment as safe as possible. Their beds should be placed 3 from windows and tall, unsteady bookcases and shelves that could 4 down.
At the very least a 72-hour 5 of extra water, bottles, food, juices, clothing, plenty of diapers(尿布), baby wipes and ready medicines should be 6 where it is most likely to get 7 an earthquake. Also keep an extra diaper bag with these things
in your car. Store baby cars, blankets and baby beds with right wheels to put babies in to leave in time, if 8 . Set soft pads(垫子) in baby beds or baby cars to 9 babies during the shaking.
By age three or so, children can 10 what an earthquake is and how to get 11 for one. Take the time to explain what 12earthquakes 13what they’ll understand. Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake 14 . Take drills and review safety procedures(步骤) 15 six months. Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits. Also show them all 16 exits from each room. Teach children what to do 17 they are during an earthquake (at school, in a tall building, outdoors). __18__ children’s emergency cards at school are up-to-date.
19 children should not turn off any lights, it’s important that they know what gas smells like. Advise children to tell a(n) 20 if they smell gas after an earthquake.
1. A. advice B. warn C. attention
D. help
2. A. making B. feeling C.
staying D. playing
3. A. nearby B. down
C. across
D. away
4. A. break B. fall
C. fold
D. put
5. A. supply B. number C.
amount D. deal
6. A. taken B. left
C. stored
D. bought
7. A. before B. during
C. since
D. after
8. A. important B. necessary C.
easy D. ready
9. A. protect B. lay C.
relax D. drive
10. A. call B. understand C.
expect D. guess
11. A. worried B. eager C. excited D. ready
12. A. changes B. affects C. prevents D. causes
13. A. according to B. because of C. in spite of D. thanks to
14. A. reason B. result C. safety D. truth
15. A. once B. every
C. next
D. another
16. A. similar B. different C.
equal D. possible
17. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever
D. whoever
18. A. Make sense B. Work out C. Make sure D. Set down
19. A. Although B. Because C. If
D. Besides
20. A. person B. adult C. stranger D. friend
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文介绍一些预防地震的知识。

6. C 前面提到的许多物品应该是被储存而非带走、留下和买，故只有C项正确。

7. D 准备很多物品肯定是希望地震后能够及时得到，故选D。

8. B 结合语境可知，此处指如果有必要。

其他选项均不符合语境。

9. A 在婴幼儿床和车里放软垫子肯定是为了保护孩子。

10. B 根据语境可知三岁左右的孩子可能明白(understand)地震是什么，明白怎样为地
震做准备。

11. D 见上题解析。

get ready for＂为……做准备＂。

12. D 根据孩子的认知程度得花时间向他们解释是什么引发地震。

故D项符合语境，其余三项
分别意为＂改变＂＂影响＂＂防止＂，都不符合语境。

13. A 见上题解析，只有A项符合语境。

14. C 为地震安全(safety)所组织的家庭讨论或计划也应包括孩子。

15. B 每隔六个月应该进行训练并复习安全步骤，故应用every。

16. D 应该指给孩子们看可能的出口，故D项正确，其余各项不符合语境。

17. A 根据括号里的提示可知空处指地点，应该用wherever。

18. C 要确保孩子们的校园应急卡是最新的。

A项意为＂有意义＂；B项意为＂计算出＂；C
项意为＂确保＂；D项意为＂记下＂。

C项符合语境。

19. A 根据语境可知，此处表示让步。

故选A。

20. B 根据语境可知，应该是孩子告诉成年人，故应选adult。

IV. 书面表达
昨天下午五点十分你们校园内发生了一起交通事故：一个骑着自行车并听着MP5的学生被一个老师的亲属开的汽车撞了，该学生受伤了并被送到学校医务室，其自行车被严重损坏。

假如你是校刊的一名小记者，请你根据以下要点就此事给校刊写一篇英语新闻报道。

要点如下：
1. 事故发生的时间、地点；
2. 事故发生的经过；
3. 事后对学校校长进行采访的情况；
4. 你的观点。

注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：clinic 诊所distracting 令人分心的
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______
【参考范文】
A traffic accident happened in our school yard at 5:10 yesterday afternoon.A student,who was listening to the MP5 while riding a bike,was knocked down by a car which was driven by a relative of one teacher.Luckily,the student just got slightly injured and was immediately sent to the school clinic.However,his bike was badly damaged.
Later I interviewed the headmaster and he said,＂We have repeatedly emphasized that students shouldn’t listen to music,use smartphones or do something distracting when they are walking or riding a bike,but they just close their ears to it.＂The accident reminds all of us that we should always obey the traffic rules and pay more attention to our own safety.
I. 单词拼写/完成句子
1. (2017·江苏改编) Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can ___________(损毁) crops.
2. (2017·新课标全国卷II改编) The ___________(损毁) is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
3. (2017·新课标全国卷I改编)“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American
appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s ___________(report) Neal Conan.
4. (2017·浙江改编)The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a
___________(report) hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
5. (2017·新课标全国卷I改编) I got a ___________(救援) call from a woman in
Muttontown.
6. (2014·陕西改编) I ______ (真诚地)wish you a pleasant time with us.
7. (2015·天津改编) By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also
learn ______ (express) myself clearly.
【答案】
1. damage
2. damage
3. reporter
4. reporter
5. rescue
6. sincerely
7. to express
II. 单项填空
1. (2017·天津) My eldest son, ___________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. that
B. whose
C. his
D. who
【答案】B
2. (2017·江苏) The publication of Great Expectations,which ____________ both widely
reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。

本句是包含定语从句的复合句，先行词Great Expectations是书名，看作单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据＂strengthened＂可知，＂被广泛阅读和得到高度评价＂发生在过去，故选C。

3. (2017·江苏) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________
purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which
B. its
C. whose
D. whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。

先行词是＂the World Food Programme＂，语境是＂世界粮食项目的目的之一是……＂，whose在定语从句中作定语，在这里限定purposes，故选C。

4. (2017·北京) The little problems __________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that
B. as
C. where
D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。

_________ we meet in our daily lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。

5. (2016·江苏) Many young people, most __________ were well-educated, headed for
remote regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which
B. of them
C. of whom
D. of those
【答案】C
6. (2016·北京) I live next door to a couple ___________ children often make a lot
of noise.
A. whose
B. why
C. where
D.
which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。

a couple是先行词，children和couple是所属关系，故
用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。

7. (2016·浙江) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry
tears, none of __________ has been proved.
A. whom
B. which
C. what
D.
that
【答案】B
【解析】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被
证明了。

此句为定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句用＂代词+介词+关系代词
which＂引导。

故选B。

8. (2015·湖南) It is a truly delightful place, __________ looks the same as it must
have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A. as
B. where
C. that
D.
which
【答案】D
9. (2017·北京) Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a
in the world. You can,too!
A. choice
B. profit
C. judgement
D. difference
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词。

A. choice选择；B. profit利润；C. judgement判断；D. difference
不同。

此处为固定短语：make a difference起作用，有影响，选D。

10. (2017·浙江改编) Her friends came to her when the war broke out.
Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books.
A. stop
B. help
C. warn
D. rescue
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。

A. stop停止；B. help帮助；C. warn警告；D. rescue营救。

根据后文＂Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books.＂可知，她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书。

故选B。