广东省肇庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)

肇庆市第一中学2023—2024 学年第二学期
高二年级英语学科期中试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A
More people are increasingly biking to commute (上下班往返), for exercise, or just for fun. Bicyclists should observe bicycle safety rules to help reduce deaths and injuries on the road.
Wear a helmets
Every bike ride begins with putting on a helmet. Your helmet can best protect you. For the most comprehensive list of helmet sizes according to manufacturers, click here to visit the Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute (BHSI) website.
Avoid crashes
There are two main types of crashes: the most common (falls) , and the most serious (the ones with cars). Regardless of the reasons for the crash, prevention is the key point.
的
Be alert (警惕)
Be alert to the road and all traffic around you; anticipate what others may do before they do it. This is defensive driving — the quicker you notice a potential conflict, the quicker you can act to avoid a potential crash. Pay attention to road signs and road conditions
Obey street signs, signals, and road markings, just like a car. Look ahead for risks or situations to avoid what may cause you to fall, like potholes (坑洼) and train tracks. No texting, listening to music or using anything that distracts you by taking your eyes and ears or your mind off the road and traffic.
Ride in the same direction as traffic
This way, if the sidewalk ends, you are already riding with the flow of traffic. If crossing a street, motorists will look left, right, left for traffic. When you are to the driver’s left, the driver is more likely to see you. Slow and
look for traffic (left — right — left and behind) when crossing a street from a sidewalk; be prepared to stop and follow the pedestrian signals.
1. What is the most important aspect of avoiding crashes?
A. Putting on a helmet.
B. Cycling slowly.
C. Reacting quickly.
D. Prevention in advance.
2. What is the correct order to cross the street from the sidewalk?
A. Behind — left — right and left.
B. Left — right — left and behind.
C. Left — behind — left and right.
D. Right — left — right and behind.
3. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A website.
B. A local radio station.
C. A popular magazine.
D. A manufacture instruction.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了骑自行车的人应该遵守的自行车安全规则，以帮助减少道路上的伤亡。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Regardless of the reasons for the crash, prevention is the key point.(不管撞车的原因是什么，预防是关键。

)”可知，避免撞车最重要的方面是提前预防。

故选D。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段最后一句“Slow and look for traffic (left — right — left and behind) when crossing a street from a sidewalk; be prepared to stop and follow the pedestrian signals.(从人行道过马路时，要慢行并注意车辆（左——右——左和后面）；做好停车的准备，并按照行人信号行驶)”可知，从人行道过马路的正确顺序是左——右——左和后面。

故选B。

【3题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段第三句“For the most comprehensive list of helmet sizes according to manufacturers, click here to visit the Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute (BHSI) website.(根据制造商的头盔尺寸的最全面的列表，点击这里访问自行车头盔安全研究所（BHSI）的网站)”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网站。

故选A。

B
J. K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.
She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.
He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn’t found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn’t have the Internet or TV, which means there’s no “digital babysitter” and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.
Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，“Burke explains.” This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”
After hearing Burke’s story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family’s life and offered Burke more books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.
4. Why did Burke thank J. K. Rowling according to the text?
A. She guided him how to write a good story.
B. She encouraged him when he was in trouble.
C. Her books helped him through times of confusion.
D. Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.
5. What is implied in Burke’s words in paragraph 4?
A. He has found it interesting to read the series.
B. He was too old to understand the series better.
C. He has chosen a better way of reading the series.
D. He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.
6. Which word can best describe Burke’s experience according to the text?
A. Useless.
B. Normal.
C. Valuable.
D. Boring.
7. What is the main idea of this text?
A. J. K. Rowling chooses to help improve kids’ health.
B. J. K. Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.
C. J. K. Rowling has a deep influence on others’ growth.
D. Burke comes to know J. K. Rowling through her series.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

J.K. Rowling的书帮助一个单身父亲改善他和女儿的关系，他在Twitter上给J.K .Rowling留言表示感谢。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey. (她的系列帮助他加强了与9岁女儿Bailey的关系。

)”可知，Burke感谢J.K. Rowling是因为她的书帮助他改善了和女儿的关系。

故选D。

【5题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第四段“Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. (Burke承认，当这些书刚出版并且当时他才20多岁时，他觉得自己‘太酷了’，不适合读这些书，但他现在很喜欢读。

)”和“This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun. (这不仅让她更习惯于在别人面前大声朗读，而且让我直接参与到她喜欢的事情中，让我有机会在阅读我的章节并融入书中的角色时表现得非常戏剧化，这已经被证明是一件非常有趣的事。

)”可知，他现在很喜欢读这些书，这不仅可以让他参与到女儿喜欢的事情中，也让他能够融入书中的角色，他认为这很有趣。

由此可推测出，他现在觉得读这些书很有趣。

故选A。

【6题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures. (对Burke来说，这段经历将是他所珍视的东西，而不仅仅是礼物。

)”可知，对于Burke来说，这样的经历将会是他一生都会珍视的东西，由此可推测出，这段经历将是很宝贵的。

故选C。

【7题详解】
主旨大意题。

通读全文，尤其是第一段“J.K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement. (J.K. Rowling经常表现出每天都有魔法。

她的《哈利·波特》系列帮助人们度过了压力和抑郁的时期，她总是在那里发表明智的鼓励话语。

)”和第二段中的“So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey. (因此，当一位名叫Matt Burke的单身父亲给她发信息感谢她的这个系列
时，她注意到了这一点。

她的系列帮助他加强了与9岁女儿Bailey的关系。

)”结合本文主要讲述了J.K. Rowling的书帮助一个单身父亲改善他和女儿的关系，是很有魔力的一份礼物。

故B项“J. K. Rowling给了一名单身父亲一份神奇的礼物”符合题意。

故选B。

C
That artificial food dyes(染料) are unhealthy is not news. Some are known to cause hyperactivity(多动症) in some children, affecting their ability to learn. But regulatory agencies around the world don’t necessarily agree on which food dyes are a problem, or why. That may soon change. An 2021 peer-reviewed report by California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment concluded that artificial food dyes “cause or worsen neurobehavioral problems in some children” and that the current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal government are too high.
California is now considering requiring warning labels on food products and dietary supplements containing the seven most commonly used artificial dyes. The warning label requirement would put California on par with the European Union, which since 2010 has required food products containing certain artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their negative effect on activity and attention in children.
Artificial dyes are used in foods for one reason: to make products look prettier. Bright colors make candies appealing, especially to kids. But dyes are also in chocolate cake mixes, sala dressings and other products that don’t seem to cry out for a color boost.
In Europe, it was the 2010 label lawmaking that triggered companies’ decisions to reformulate. “If you’re a company, you do not want to put a warning label on your product,” says Lefferts, an environmental health consultant. Warning labels are why European Starburst Fruit Chews are now colored with natural products, not the artificial dyes that brighten their North American counterparts(同类商品).
Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious. After all, we don’t dye fresh fruits and vegetables, but we do dye candy and sprinkles, points out Joe Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at McGill University in Montreal. “The foods in which you find food dyes are foods that are poor in nutrition,” he says. “If you limit foods that contain food dyes, you automatically make your diet better.”
8. What can we learn about artificial food dyes from paragraph 1?
A. A 2021 report confirmed their negative effects.
B. The fact that they are harmful is newly revealed.
C. Regulatory agencies consider them a serious problem.
D. The Federal government thinks their current standard too high.
9. What does the underlined part “on par with” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. In opposition to.
B. Ahead of.
C. In line with.
D. Behind.
10. Which might be a possible result of the new rule according to the article?
A Food companies will stop coloring their products.
B. More fresh fruits and vegetables will appear in the market.
C. Food companies may replace artificial dyes with natural products.
D. It will be hard to find packaged foods without warning labels of dyes.
11. What’s Joe Schwarcz’s attitude towards artificial food dyes?
A. Approving.
B. Concerned.
C. Neutral.
D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了含有人工食用色素的食品对身体的一些危害。

继欧洲要求含有人工色素食品要贴上警告标签后，加州也要和欧盟保持一致。

这一举措将提升人们的健康意识，也让食品公司对使用色素做出相应的调整。

【8题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第一段中“An 2021 peer-reviewed report by California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment concluded that artificial food dyes “cause or worsen neurobehavioral problems in some children” and that the current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal government are too high.”（加州环境健康危害评估办公室(Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment) 2021年的一份同行评议报告得出结论，人工食用色素“会导致或加剧一些儿童的神经行为问题”，目前联邦政府认为，被视为安全的食用色素水平太高了。

）可知，从第一段中可推断出，2021年的这份报告确认人工食用色素有危害作用。

故选A项。

【9题详解】
词义猜测题。

根据第二段中“The warning label requirement would put California on par with the European Union, which since 2010 has required food products containing certain artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their negative effect on activity and attention in children.”（警告标签的要求将使加州与欧盟________，欧盟自2010年以来就要求含有某些人工食用色素的食品贴上警告标签，说明它们对儿童活动和注意力的负面影响。

）可知，欧盟早在2010年已经要求食品要贴上警告标签，可猜测加州也要和欧盟保持一致，所以猜测on par with意为“保持一致”。

A. In opposition to.反对；B. Ahead of.先于；C. In line with.与…一致；D. Behind.落后。

故选C项。

【10题详解】
推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中““If you’re a company, you do not want to put a warning label on your product,” says Lefferts, an environmental health consultant. Warning labels are why European Starburst Fruit Chews are now
colored with natural products, not the artificial dyes that brighten their North American counterparts. ”（“如果你是一家公司，你不想在你的产品上贴上警告标签，”环境健康顾问莱弗茨（Lefferts）说。

警告标签就是为什么欧洲的星爆果咀嚼片（European Starburst Fruit Chews）现在用天然产品着色，而北美的同类商品却用的是人造染料着色。

）以及倒数第一段中“Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious.”（鉴于人工食用色素被过度使用，我们需要更加谨慎。

）可推断出，人们在购买食品时，会对贴有人工色素警告标签的食品更加警惕，所以食品加工公司为了公司的长久发展，可能会使用天然色素来代替人工色素。

故选C项。

【11题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段“Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious. After all, we don’t dye fresh fruits and vegetables, but we do dye candy and sprinkles, points out Joe Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at McGill University in Montreal. “The foods in which you find food dyes are foods that are poor in nutrition,” he says. “If you limit foods that contain food dyes, you automatically make your diet better.””（鉴于人造食用染料被过度使用，我们需要更加谨慎。

蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的化学教授乔·施瓦茨指出，毕竟，我们不给新鲜的水果和蔬菜染色，但我们会给糖果和糖霜染色。

他说：“你能发现食物染料的食物都是营养不良的食物。

”。

“如果你限制含有食物染料的食物，你的饮食会自动变得更好。

”）可推断出，化学教授乔·施瓦兹（Joe Schwarcz）对含有人工色素的食物持担心的态度。

A. Approving.支持的；B. Concerned.担心的；C. Neutral.中立的；D. Indifferent.漠不关心的。

故选B项。

D
When you think of art restoration, what comes to mind is probably a group of specialists laboring over paintings with small brushes, making efforts in a museum basement.
So it might come as a surprise that one thing most people think should be kept away from art is what is bringing it back to life: bacteria.
According to Popular Science, specialized microbes (微生物) have been set loose on everything from centuries - old frescoes (壁画) to oil paintings to massive cathedral (大教堂) walls, all in an effort to clean and restore the original glory of these pieces of cultural heritage.
Recently, a team from the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) and restoration collaborators (合作者) were tasked with solving the issue of decaying (腐烂) human remains that were staining (弄脏污染) the Michelangelo - carved marble in the Medici Chapel in Florence, Italy. Several members of the Medici family were buried there.
Anna Rosa Sprocati, a biologist at the ENEA, chose eight of the most promising types of bacteria from a collection of about 1,000 and tested them on the marble. The bacteria successfully removed the contaminants (污染
物) while leaving the marble unharmed.
“Biocleaning” - using microorganisms to clean debris (碎屑) from stonework and artwork - was first used in the 1990s by Italian microbiologist Giancarlo Ranalli.
A team was attempting to restore frescoes at the Camposanto Monumentale in Pisa, Italy. When the cemetery was bombed in World War Ⅱ, the remains of the artwork were removed using animal glue to keep the pieces together.
According to Popular Science, after traditional methods of restoration failed, Ranalli said that the project leader turned to him and asked: “But you, Dr Ranalli, can't you do anything with your bugs ?” It turns out bacteria are perfect for this sort of task - but it's important to select the right one. For Ranalli, it was Pseudomonas stutzeri (施氏假单胞菌), type A29. It ate through the animal glue while leaving the original pigments (料). In fact, Pseudomonas stutzeri is used for more than just cleaning up artworks. Their favorite food sources happen to be the same kind of materials that are often found as pollutants, and scientists have grown different kinds of the bacteria to consume specific types of pollution, Forbes reported.
It is indeed the famous artists who create masterpieces, but it's the bugs that keep them good for future generations to appreciate.
12. What's the aim of the team from the ENEA?
A. To speed up the decaying of human remains
B. To explore the history of the Medici family
C. To save the Michelangelo - carved marble
D. To study the effects of bacteria on the human body
13. How do bacteria contribute to art restoration?
A. By making colors brighter
B. By getting rid of pollutants
C. By keeping the pieces together
D. By producing a protective material
14. What are paragraphs 6 - 8 mainly about?
A. The origin of “biocleaning”
B. The benefits of “biocleaning”
C. The functions of Pseudomonas stutzeri
D. The way the first artwork was restored
15. What's the main purpose of the article?
A. To introduce the history of art restoration
B. To compare different methods of art restoration
C. To stress the importance of microorganisms
D. To report on an approach to art restoration
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了用细菌修复文物的方法。

【12题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章第四段“Recently, a team from the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) and restoration collaborators (合作者) were tasked with solving the issue of decaying (腐烂) human remains that were staining (弄脏污染) the Michelangelo - carved marble in the Medici Chapel in Florence, Italy.（最近，意大利国家新技术、能源和可持续经济发展机构(ENEA)的一个团队和修复合作者承担了一项任务，解决腐烂的人类遗骸污染意大利佛罗伦萨美第奇教堂米开朗基罗雕刻的大理石的问题。

）”可知，ENEA团队的目标是拯救米开朗基罗雕刻的大理石。

故选C。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章第五段“The bacteria successfully removed the contaminants (污染物) while leaving the marble unharmed.（细菌成功地清除了污染物，而大理石却毫发无损。

）”可知，细菌通过清除污染物有助于艺术品的修复。

故选B。

【14题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据文章第六段“‘Biocleaning’ - using microorganisms to clean debris (碎屑) from stonework and artwork - was first used in the 1990s by Italian microbiologist Giancarlo Ranalli.（20世纪90年代，意大利微生物学家吉安卡洛·拉纳利(Giancarlo Ranalli)首次使用“生物清洁”——利用微生物清理石制品和艺术品上的碎片。

）”、文章第七段“A team was attempting to restore frescoes at the Camposanto Monumentale in Pisa, Italy. When the cemetery was bombed in World War Ⅱ, the remains of the artwork were removed using animal glue to keep the pieces together.（一个团队正试图修复意大利比萨坎波桑托纪念碑(Camposanto monument)的壁画。

当墓地在第二次世界大战中被轰炸时，这些艺术品的残骸被用动物胶水粘在一起。

）”和文章第八段“It turns out bacteria are perfect for this sort of task - but it's important to select the right one. For Ranalli, it was Pseudomonas stutzeri (施氏假单胞菌), type A29. It ate through the animal glue while leaving the original pigments (料).（事实证明，细菌是完成这类任务的最佳选择，但选择正确的细菌很重要。

Ranalli为A29
型stutzeri假单胞菌。

它吃掉了动物胶，而留下了原始的色素。

）”可知，文章6到8段主要介绍了“生物清洗”的由来。

故选A。

【15题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章第二段“So it might come as a surprise that one thing most people think should be kept away from art is what is bringing it back to life: bacteria.（所以，让人惊讶的是，大多数人认为应该远离艺术的一件事是让艺术回归生命的东西:细菌。

）”和文章第三段“According to Popular Science, specialized microbes have been set loose on everything from centuries - old frescoes to oil paintings to massive cathedral walls, all in an effort to clean and restore the original glory of these pieces of cultural heritage.（据《大众科学》报道，从几个世纪前的壁画到油画再到大教堂的巨大墙壁，专门的微生物已经被释放出来，这一切都是为了清理和恢复这些文化遗产的原始荣耀。

）可知，文章的主要写作目的是为了报告艺术品修复的方法。

故
选D。

第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

How Arts Promote Our Economy
When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater. ____16____ Unfortunately, the economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.
The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art. These people can earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills. ____17____ Digital media experts, photographers and advertising agents are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.
____18____ In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008.Besides tickets, some jazz lovers nearby will pay their transport fares to and from the events.
Arts contribute to cultural development. ____19____ When they gather together, they will share their experiences and renew their energy. As-a-result, cultures find the way to exchange, and economy can be advanced. It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. If you are a student studying the arts, odds are that you have been ill-advised to have a plan B. ____20____
A. Another group is needed to help market the event.
B. Above analysis in mind, you needn’t worry about your career and have an alternative plan.
C. The arts boost the development of economy throughout a community despite the side effects.
D. In fact, arts groups bring broader value to our communities, especially in economy
E. A successful arts neighborhood creates a series of effects throughout a community.
F. Artists and audience are all from diverse backgrounds.
G. Culture binds together not only hearts and souls, but the entire society
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了艺术如何促进经济发展。

根据上文“When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater.(当大多数人想到艺术时，他们想象的是最终产品，一幅美丽的画，一段美妙的音乐，或者剧院里一场获奖的表演)”以及后文“Unfortunately, the economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.(不幸的是，艺术的经济影响往往被忽视和错误的判断)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明艺术给人们所带来的好处。

故D选项“事实上，艺术团体给我们的社区带来了更广泛的价值，尤其是在经济方面”符合语境，与下文是转折关系。

故选D。

【17题详解】
根据上文“The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art. These people can earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.(艺术创造了有助于发展经济的就业机会。

任何给定的表演都需要一辆满载艺术家、技术专家、音乐家或作家的巡演巴士来创造一件吸引人的艺术品。

这些人可以用他们的专业知识和技能赚取维持生活的工资)”以及后文“Digital media experts, photographers and advertising agents are hired to sell tickets and promote the event.(数字媒体专家、摄影师和广告代理商被雇佣来销售门票和宣传活动)”可知，后文提到了宣传活动，可推测本句与宣传活动有关。

且A选项market对应后文promote。

故A选项“需要另一个组织来帮助推广这项活动”符合语境，故选A。

【18题详解】
根据后文“In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008.Besides tickets, some jazz lovers nearby will pay their transport fares to and from the events.(2005年，当主教艺术剧院被捐赠给我们镇时，这个地方被认为是镇上的贫困地区。

在投资了100多万美元用于重建大楼后，我们于2008年开始制作整季的戏剧表演、爵士音乐会和全年的艺术教育项目。

除了门票之外，附近的一些爵士乐爱好者还会支付往返演出的交通费)”可知，后文的例子表明艺术社团会给社区带来收入，产生积极影响。

故E选项“一个成功的艺术社区会在整个社区产生一系列的影响”符合语境，故选E。

【19题详解】
根据上文“Arts contribute to cultural development.(艺术促进文化发展)”以及后文“When they gather together, they will share their experiences and renew their energy. As-a-result, cultures find the way to exchange, and economy can be advanced.(当他们聚在一起时，他们会分享他们的经历，恢复他们的能量。

因此，文化找到了交流的途径，经济才能得到发展)”可知，后文提到了文化交流，推测本句是在说明后文they所指代的人群，且与文化有关。

故F选项“艺术家和观众都来自不同的背景”符合语境，故选F。

根据上文“It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. If you are a student studying the arts, odds are that you have been ill-advised to have a plan B.(假设艺术团体不能盈利是错误的。

如果你是一名学习艺术的学生，那么你有可能不明智地有一个B计划)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故总结上文，指出学习艺术的
学生未来的职业道路如何选择。

故B选项“记住以上的分析，你不必担心你的职业生涯，有一个替代计划”符合语境，总结上文。

故选B。

第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分,满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A|、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250 km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard ___21___ a little dog going around his camp trying to ___22___ herself.
“Cute, but I’m not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all ___23___, he had packed just enough for the whole ___24___. He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a ___25___ to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog ___26___ him again. He waved her away, worried that she couldn’t cope with dangerous situations and might be stepped on by the runners. ___27___, the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ___28___. That night the dog snuggled (依偎) up to Leonard and even ___29___ to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi ____30____ a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a ____31____ — he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi in the race ____32____ my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning, ”said Leonard, who finished second. “In the meantime, it also made my running more enjoyable, giving me a lot of pleasure. ”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home,she was missing. With a group of local volunteers coming to his ____33____, he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of ____34____. Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running, and she ____35____ does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills.
21. A. treated B. adopted C. spotted D. recognized
22. A. entertain B. water C. feed D. impress
23. A. hikers B. competitors C. explorers D. climbers
24. A. course B. plan C. day D. camp
25. A. chance B. desire C. right D. mood
26. A. bothered B. stopped C. welcomed D. approached
27. A. Meanwhile B. Nevertheless C. Therefore D. Otherwise
28. A. came out B. carried on C. kicked off D. wound up
29. A. managed B. expected C. afforded D. begged
30. A. keeping B. setting C. covering D. extending
31. A. remark B. decision C. choice D. difference
32. A. sponsored B. identified C. challenged D. changed
33. A. assistance B. mind C. rescue D. defense
34. A. sight B. way C. hand D. reach
35. A. gradually B. eventually C. routinely D. occasionally
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31.
B 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了热爱跑步的Leonard在参加马拉松比赛时发现了一只小狗，小狗一直跟随他跑完了比赛，最后他把小狗带回家的故事。

【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：Leonard先生发现一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图找东西吃。

A. treated对待，治疗；B. adopted收养；C. spotted发现；D. recognized辨认，认出。

根据上文“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”及常识可知，Leonard先生在参加横跨戈壁
沙漠的马拉松比赛时发现了这只小狗，spot意为“看见，发现”符合句意。

故选C。

【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：Leonard先生看到一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图找东西吃。

A. entertain
娱乐；B. water浇水；C. feed喂；D. impress使印象深刻。

根据后文“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even____10____ to get a little food from him.”可知，这只狗正在找东西给自己吃，所以feed 符合句意。

故选C。

【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：和所有的参赛者一样，他带的东西只够整个赛程使用。

A. hikers徒步旅行者；
B. competitors参赛者；
C. explorers探险家，勘探者；
D. climbers登山者。

根据上文“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”以及下文“He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a __5__ to win.”可知此处指参加马拉松比赛的参赛者，所以competitors意为“参赛者”符合题意。

故选B。

【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。

A. course过程，课程；B. plan计划；C. day天；D. camp营地。

根据“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”以及下文第四段第一句“The pair went on to finish the seven-day race”可知，此处指Leonard参加的马拉松比赛整个赛程，course符合题意。

故选A。

【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：他参加跑步比赛已经三年了，他渴望获胜。

A. chance机会；B. desire渴望；C. right权利；D. mood情绪。

根据“He’d been running competitively for three years,”可知，Leonard参赛很渴望获得胜利，短语have a desire to do意为“渴望做某事”符合句意。

故选B。

【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：第二天，在起跑线上，狗再次走近他。

A. bothered打扰；B. stopped停止；C. welcomed欢迎；D. approached接近，着手处理。

根据后文“He waved her away”可知，这只狗靠近他。

故选D。

【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：然而，这只狗一直跟着他，直到那天的比赛结束。

A. Meanwhile同时；B. Nevertheless尽管如此，然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。

根据上文“He waved her away”及下文“the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____9____.”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用表示转折意义的副词，所以nevertheless意为“然而”符合句意。

故选B。

【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。

句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天的比赛结束。

A. came out出版；B. carried on继续；C. kicked off踢开；D. wound up结束。

根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知，这只狗是一直跟着Leonard到比赛结束。

故选D。

【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：那天晚上，这只狗依偎在Leonard身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。

A. managed管理；
B. expected期待；
C. afforded买得起，承担得起（后果），提供；
D. begged恳求。

根据上文“‘Cute, but I’m not giving you any,’ Leonard thought.”以及本句中“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even”可知这次狗设法从Leonard那里弄到一点食物，动词短语manage to do sth意为“设法做成某事”符合句意。

故选A。

【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，Gobi独自跑了125公里，这赢得了Leonard 的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。

A. keeping保持；B. setting设立；C. covering 覆盖；行走（一段路程）；D. extending扩展。

根据“The pair went on to finish the seven-day race,”可知。