高一年级英语上册阅读理解专项训练带答案(一)

高中阅读理解专项训练附答案解析
1篇
Friendships are very important to teenagers. Friendships provide teenagers with chances to develop social skills. Teenagers can learn how to end a fight and still remain friends. Friends provide fun and excitement for teenagers through games. Friends also give advice to one another. Teenagers talk through lots of problems with their friends. Friendships also provide help during times of difficulty. It is helpful for teenagers to have a friend who is going through the same situations.
Wh at happens when youth don’t have friends? Teenagers without friends are usually more lonely and unhappy. They will have lower levels of grades and lower confidence. As they get older, they are more apt to drop out of school.
As kids move into their teenager years, friends and friendships play an important role in teenager life as a way of getting personal enjoyment and social learning.
Most teenagers will have friends who parents either like or dislike. However, it is important to keep in mind that one way teenagers can truly learn how to choose and keep friends is through personal experience, which is sure to have some mistakes. Parents should not be too hard on teenagers when they choose friends who are not good enough or when their friendship fails. Remember, every social experience helps teenagers to learn about different people and improve social skills.
As parents, it is important to encourage friendships among teenagers. However, it is important to know who your teenager’s friends are and to communicat e openly about changes in friendships with your teenagers.
1．How many advantages of friends and friendship are mentioned in the first paragraph? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
2．What does the underlined sentence probably mean?
A．They get better grades and leave school earlier.
B．They have a lower chance of leaving school earlier.
C．They have a higher chance of leaving school earlier.
D．They are good at dealing with social problems after school.
3．Who are the most possible readers of the passage?
A．Teachers. B．Teenagers.
C．Researchers. D．Parents.
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Friendship May Be Dangerous
B．Friendship Is Important to Teenagers
C．Parents Should Choose Friends for Their Children
D．Parents’ Advice Is Important to Teenagers’ Friendship
【答案】
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。

朋友和友谊对青少年来说非常重要。

青少年在交友过程中可能会犯错误，但是家长不要太苛刻，因为通过这些交友经历，青少年的社交能力能得到锻炼。

1．
细节理解题。

根据第一段内容可知，该段列出了四个有关朋友和友谊的益处，分别是：“Friendships provide teenagers with chances to develop social skills.”（友谊为青少年提供了培养社会技能的机会）；“Friends provide fun and excitement for teenagers through games.”（朋友通过游戏提供了趣味和刺激）；“Friends also give advice to one another.”（朋友也相互给建议）“Friendships also provide help during times of difficulty.”（在困难时，友情可以提供帮助）。

故选B。

2．
词句猜测题。

根据本段内容可知，第二段主要从反面论证朋友的重要性。

前一句“Teenagers without friends are usually more lonely and unhappy. They will have lower levels of grades and lower confidence.”提到如果没有朋友，青少年的学习成绩会不好，自信心会不足。

由此可知，画线句子继续论证没有朋友的坏处。

结合上下文推知，划线部分的意思是“是指青少年更容易辍学。

”故选C。

3．
推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段第三句“Parents should not be too hard on teenagers when they choose friends who are not good enough or when their fri endship fails.”（当他们选择的朋友不够好，或者他们友谊失败时，父母不应该对青少年太苛刻）以及最后一段第一句“As parents, it is important to encourage friendships among teenagers.”（作为父母，鼓励青少年之间的友谊是很重要的）可推知，本文主要是向家长介绍朋友对青少年的重要性。

故选D。

4．
主旨大意题。

根据文章的主要内容可知，本文主要是围绕朋友和友谊对青少年的重要性展开叙述的。

并且文章第一段第一句“Friendships are very important to teenagers.”（友谊对青少年很重要）点明主题，由此可知，“友谊对青少年非常重要”可以作为本文最佳标题。

故选B。

2篇
This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13-19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.
Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.
Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that were usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.
Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car. “Back home, you pick up some frien ds in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it. ”
At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he said. “It is far t oo easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground be tween the two.”
1．The whole exchange program is mainly to ________.
A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America
B．send students in America to travel in Germany
C．let students learn something about other countries
D．have teenagers learn new languages
2．What is particular in American schools?
A．There is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings.
B．There are a lot of outside activities.
C．Students usually take 14 subjects in all.
D．Students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car.
3．What did Mike think after experiencing the American school life?
A．A better education should include something good from both America and Germany. B．German schools trained students to be better citizens.
C．American schools were not as good as German schools.
D．The easy life in the American school was more helpful to students.
4．What’s Mike’s attitude towards American education?
A．Praise. B．Regret.
C．Ignore. D．Accuse (指责).
【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。

本文介绍了一种不同国家青少年参与的交换生活动，通过此活动可以
感受到不同国家之间的文化差异。

1．
推理判断题。

根据第一段关键句“They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America.（他们将进入美国学校，遇见美国青少年，并形成对真实的美国的印象。

）”和“At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.（与此同时，大约1300名美国青少年将前往其他国家学习新的语言，并对世界其他地区有新的了解。

）”可知，在这项交换活动中，世界其他国家的孩子将有机会了解美国，同时，美国的孩子也将有机会了解世界其他地区。

由此可知，整个交流计划主要是为了让学生了解其他国家。

故选C项。

2．
细节理解题。

根据最后一段关键句“In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities.（在德国，我们除了学习什么也不做。

在这里，我们参加了许多户外活动。

）”可知，在美国，学生可以参加许多户外活动，句中的“Here”代指的是“美国的学校”，由此可知，美国学校的特别之处在于有很多户外活动。

故选B项。

3．
推理判断题。

根据最后一段关键句““I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he said. “It is far too easy by our level.（“我想我应该批评美国学校，”他说。

“以我们的水平来说，这太容易了。

”）”和“I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.（我认为也许你们的学校在培训公民方面更好。

这两者之间应该有某种中间立场。

）”可知，在Mike看来，美国学校的课程设置应该更难一些，这是美国学校应该向德国学校学习的地方，但美国学校的学生能够参加更多的户外活动，这是德国学校应该向美国学校学习的地方，由此可知，Mike在经历了美国的学校生活后认为，更好的教育应该包括来自美国和德国的好的方面，包括双方的优点。

故选A 项。

4．
推理判断题。

根据最后一段关键句““I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he said. “It is far too easy by our level.（“我想我应该批评美国学校，”他说。

“以我们的水平来说，这太容易了。

”）”可知，Mike对美国学校的教育持批评的态度，他认为美国学校的课程设置应该更难一些，由此可推断出，Mike对美国教育持指责态度。

故选D项。

3篇
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect
all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.
Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff. 1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A．Pipes and smoke detectors.
B．Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C．Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations
3．In a fire drill, the students should ________.
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit.
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
4．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A．Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B．Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C．Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D．Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
5．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．A
5．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。

1．细节理解题。

根据文章第一段They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。

故选C。

2．细节理解题。

根据文章Fire Alarms中的句子Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。

故选B。

3．细节理解题。

根据文章Fire Drills中的句子Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.和Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。

故选C。

4．细节理解题。

根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。

故选A。

5．细节理解题。

根据文章Smoke Detector中的句子If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。

故选D。

点睛：文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。

如小题3中C选择项中
leave at once与文中的Exit immediately表达的同一个意思；小题4中考生要理解文中fines （罚款）是A选择项中punishment（惩罚）的一种，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。

4．篇
Sport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect t heir children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coach es focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
1．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_____________.
A．to make sport less competitive
B．to increase their sense of success
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to make sport more challenging
2．According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that_____________.
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it enables them to find faults in themselves
C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
3．Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_____________. A．believing that criticism does good to their early development
B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
C．in order to make them remember life’s lessons
D．so as to put more pressure on them
4．According to the passage parents and coaches should_____________.
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sport
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport
【答案】
1．C
2．C
3．B
4．A
【分析】
本文为一篇议论文。

体育运动既是对人的体力的挑战，也是对人的心理的挑战。

在体育运动中，父母和教练应对孩子多鼓励，少批评，让孩子用积极的心态去迎接挑战。

1．推理判断题。

由第一段中的Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.压力可以是身体上的，情感上的，也可以是心理上的，研究表明它会导致精疲力竭。

可知，减少青少年运动员的心理压力是防止其身心疲劳的有效途径。

故C项正确。

2．细节理解题。

由第二段中的The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生都有用的人生经历。

可知选C。

3．细节理解题。

由最后一段中的Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. 以及Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.可得出结论，父母和教练只顾结果而对青少年吹毛求疵，这无疑增加了他们的压力，破坏了他们的自信心，故B项正确。

4．推理判断题。

由最后一段可总结出父母和教练应该变批评为鼓励，以减轻孩子们的心理压力，使他们拥有积极的动机，从而更喜欢体育运动。

所以A项正确。

5．篇
SHEFFIELD
LINCOLN COLLEGE OF ENGLISH
Classes for foreign students at all levels
3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course Open all year
Small class (maximum(最大限度) 12 students)
Library, language laboratory and listening center
Accommodation(膳食供应) with selected families 25 minutes from London
Course fees for English for one year are ￡1, 380, with reduction for shorter periods of study. 1．Lincoln College of English _______.
A．is at the centre of London
B．lies far away from London
C．takes in foreign students, from beginners to the advanced
D．accepts students only at the beginning of the year
2．While you stay there, _______ will take care of you.
A．the school where you study
B．the family you have chosen
C．your classmates
D．your own parents
3．If you go there for a one-term course, you will pay _______ for it.
A．￡1, 380 B．over ￡1, 380
C．much less than ￡1, 380 D．nothing
【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．C
【分析】
本文是一篇布告类短文，讲的是林肯英语大学的一些规章制度。

1．细节理解题。

根据LINCOLN COLLEGE OF ENGLISH Classes for foreign students at all levels
可知林肯英语大学招收各个水平的外国学生。

故选C。

2．细节理解题。

根据Accommodation(膳食供应) with selected families 25 minutes from London可知在学习期间学生选择的寄宿家庭会照顾他们。

故选B。

3．推理判读题。

根据最后一点Course fees for English for one year are ￡1, 380, with reduction for shorter periods of study.可知若学习时间少于一年，则学费少于￡1, 380，故选C。

6篇
A very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on October 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.
At least 20 people have been killed, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to escape. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff(东西)—I’m never going to see it again,” Jeff Okrepkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.
The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to California’s economy(经济). They are home to many of the state’s vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂). In 2016, California’s wineries made more than $57 billion.
October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.
1．Why did the fires grow quickly?
A．Most of the fires began in October. B．12 fires happened at the same time. C．The state government didn’t do anything.D．High-speed wind and dry air.
2．How many people have to leave their homes?
A．50,000. B．200. C．3,500. D．20.
3．What is the bigge st loss for California’ s economy?
A．Homes have been destroyed. B．Wineries have been burned.
C．People have to leave their homes. D．Many people have been injured.
4．What is the cause of the fires?
A．The high-speed wind and dry air. B．Many fires started at once.
C．October produces the most ruins. D．The cause is not explained.
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．D
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。

文章报道了加利福尼亚州的大火火势情况以及大火给人们的生活和经济带来的影响。

1．
细节理解题。

由第一段“They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.”可知，由于强风和空气干燥的缘故，火势越来越大。

故选D项。

2．
细节理解题。

由第二段“About 50,000 people have been required to escape.”可知，有50,000人口需要离开他们的家园。

题干中leave their homes在文中体现为动词escape。

故选A 项。

3．
细节理解题。

由第三段“The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to California’s economy(经济). They are home to many of the state’s vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂).”可知，大火烧到了加利福尼亚州葡萄园和酿酒厂的大本营Sonoma和Napa。

它们是加利福尼亚州经济的重要组成部分。

所以经济损失主要体现在葡萄园、酿酒厂被烧毁。

故选B项。

4．
细节理解题。

由最后一段“Up to now, the governm ent has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.”可知，政府还没有公布这些大火的起因。

故选D项。

7篇
My two daughters and I got into the car to spend our weekend in Florida. Autumn, the elder one, offered to drive. I sat next to her, and Amber sat in back. After setting off, the three of us sang to the radio at the top of our voice.
It was a great trip until the rain poured and the rain was too heavy. “I have to pull over, ” Autumn said. She tried to enter the far right lane (车道) to find a place to stop, but trucks ran fast, making water onto our car. The car was out of control, then worse — it started to move left and right. Autumn fought to control it but it was too late. We ran into a truck. The girls jumped out of the car. My chest felt much pain.
“Get out, Mom. Come on！” Amber cried. “I can't,” I said. Autumn took out her cellphone, “There's been an accident. Send an ambulance (救护车)！” Amber and Autumn pulled me out of the car and helped me lie on my back in the grassy area by the roadside. I had to calm myself and looked up. A man held a large umbrella over me and other kind faces appeared above me. A woman helped to treat a cut over Amber's eye. Another woman came close to me and said, “No one in the truck was injured. Help was on the way.” The woman mentioned she was a nurse; the other woman who took care of Amber's cut was an eye specialist. We couldn't have asked for better care.
In the hospital the pain in my chest began to disappear. Later, the tests at the hospital made sure we had no serious injuries. We'd left all our troubles behind thanks to these kind people, who seemed to be angels (天使) in my eyes.
1．How did the author and her two daughters feel after setting out?
A．They were worried about the weather.
B．They enjoyed themselves greatly.
C．They thought it was a long journey.
D．They felt lucky to take the journey.
2．What was Autumn going to do when the rain poured?
A．To stop by the roadside.
B．To follow the truck closely.
C．To get into the fast traffic lane.
D．To move the car left and right.
3．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Unexpected heavy rain
B．Leave our troubles behind
C．Kind angels saved the day
D．My two kind daughters
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

瓢泼大雨中作者的车子出了车祸。

她们被好心人救护。

后来雨过天晴，经检查，她们的伤势都不太严重。

她认为那些帮助她们的人是天使。

1．
细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“After setting off, the three of us sang to the radio at the top of our voice.(出发后，我们三个人对着收音机大声唱歌。

)”及第二段开头“It was a great trip(这
是一次很棒的旅行)”可知,母女三人玩得很开心。

故选B。

2．
细节理解题。

根据文章第二段“She tried to enter the far right lane (车道) to find a place to stop, but trucks ran fast, making water onto our car.(她试图进入最右边的车道找个地方停车，但卡车跑得很快，把水溅到我们的车上。

)”可知，雨下得非常大，Autumn想到路旁停车，所以她往最右边车道变道。

故选A。

3．
主旨大意题。

根据全文内容可知，作者一家在雨中遭遇了一场车祸，但一些陌生人尽力帮助她们。

在她看来这些人就像天使一样出现在她们面前。

所以“Kind angels saved the day(善良的天使拯救了这一天)”作为文章标题最为合适。

故选C。

8．篇
Language as a System of Symbols(符号)
Of all systems of symbols, language is the most highly developed. It has been pointed out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything. Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual dependency, to let the various noises that they can produce with their lungs, throats, tongues, teeth, and lips systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous systems. We call that system of agreements language.
There is no necessary connection between the symbol and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in.
However obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject. Symbols and the things they stand for are independent of each other, yet we all have a way of feeling as if, and sometimes acting as if, there were necessary connections. For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature; foreigners have such funny names for things, and why can’t they call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any country understand English if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who is reported to have said, “Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals, ” they feel that the symbol is inherently connected in some way with the things symbolized.
1．Language is a highly developed system of symbols because human beings _______.
A．have made use of language for centuries
B．use our nervous systems to support language
C．have made various noises stand for any events
D．can make anything stand for anything by agreement
2．What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?
A．Different noises may mean different things.
B．Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.
C．The language we use symbolizes our social positions.
D．Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.
3．In Paragraph 3 the underlined phrase “take special pains” probably means “_______”. A．try very hard B．take our time
C．are very unhappy D．feel especially painful
4．In Paragraph 3, the example of the little boy is used to show that _______.
A．adults often learn from their young
B．“pig” is a dirty word because pigs are dirty
C．words are not connected with the things they stand for
D．people sometimes have wrong ideas about how language works
【答案】
1．D
2．B
3．A
4．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

主要说明了语言作为高度发展了的符号体系，它与文化有着密切的联系。

在所有的符号系统中，语言是最发达的，但这个符号和它所代表的事物之间没有必然的联系。

文章就此展开说明。

1．
细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“It has been pointed out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything.(有人指出，人类通过约定俗成可以使任何事物代表任何事物)”由此可知，语言是一种高度发达的符号系统，因为人类可以通过约定俗成使任何事物代表任何事物。

故选D。

2．
推理判断题。

根据第二段中“Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in. (就像社会地位可以用头上戴的羽毛、手表链上的金子，或者根据我们所处的文化，用千百种其他东西来象征一样，饥饿的事实也可以根据我们所处的文化，用千百种不同的声音来象征)”可推知，我们的文化决定了一个符号代表什么。

故选B。

3．
词义猜测题。

根据画线词上文“However obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they
are actually not so obvious as they s eem”可知无论这些事实第一眼看上去多么明显，它们实际上并不像它们看起来那样明显，除非我们花了特别的努力尝试去思考这个主题。

可猜测出画线短语的意思是“努力尝试”。

故A项正确。

4．
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature; foreigners have such funny names for things, and why can’t th ey call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any country understand English if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who i s reported to have said, “Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals, ” they feel that the symbol is inherently connected in some way with the things symbolized.(比如说，有人觉得外语的本质是不合理的，外国人给事物起的名字很滑稽，为什么他们不能用正确的名字来称呼事物呢？这种感觉在那些英美游客身上表现得最为强烈，他们似乎相信，只要他们喊得足够大声，就能让任何国家的本地人听懂英语。

就像那个小男孩说的那样，"猪之所以叫猪，是因为它们是如此肮脏的动物"，他们觉得这个符号与所象征的事物有某种内在的联系)”可推知，作者列举小男孩的例子是为了说明人们有时对语言是如何发挥作用有错误的认识。

故选D。

9．篇
DIY Your Own Desserts
We offer different kinds of classes to you all. A very popular class we are offering these 10 days is the class named “DIY Your Own Desserts”.
Can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be when you give him/her your DIY desserts on the special days like birthday, Mother’s Day and Father’s Day? Come to your class and make your own desserts. Give your beloved one some surprises!
The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes(食谱) each lesson. The teacher will first show how to cook different recipes in front of you. And then he will guide you on how to prepare and make the food.
At the end of the class you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you. What’s more, you’ll be able to take home the copies of all the recipes.
Costs: $30 each lesson. You can start at any time.
Go to our website to get more information about the class.
You can either e-mail us or come to our office to attend it.
1．What will you do in the class?
A．Eat the meal with the teacher.
B．Celebrate the special days.。