2019-2020学年东北育才双语学校高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年东北育才双语学校高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解
析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It's our pleasure to confirm this year’s Category Winners.
First Novel Award Winner
Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
Author: Gail Honeyman
Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit (机智). It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman’s debut (初次登台、开张)is a funny and moving diamond.
Biography Award Winner
Book: In the Days of Rain
Author: Rebecca Stott
The Exclusive Brethren were aclosed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.
Poetry Award Winner
Book: Inside the Wave
Author: Helen Dunmore
To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world – and the acutely intense being of both.
Children's Award Winner
Book:The Explorer
Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn
Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it’s only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children's fiction.
1.What kind of life does Eleanor lead?
A.boring and lonely.
B.funny and touching.
C.exciting and complex.
D.ordinary and happy.
2.Why did Rebecca Stott writeIn the Days of Rain?
A.To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren.
B.To help her father fulfill his last wish.
CTo share the life of fundamentalist Christians.
D.To pass on her family traditions.
3.For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing?
A.Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
B.In the Days of Rain
C.Inside the Wave
D.The Explorer
B
If you struggle to fall asleep quickly, you’re not alone! Fortunately, thereare plenty of solutions you can try. With a few changes, you can fall asleep fast every night!
Keep your room dark. Turn off all the lights above your head when you go to bed. Any bright light can make you believe it is too early in the day for sleep. If you want to read or write before bed, try using a small book light. Now that blue lights can keep you awake, red ones are a great choice.
If you can, keep noise in and around your room the lowest at night. If you have an old clock that ticks loudly and keeps you awake, replace it with a silent one. If you share your home with anyone else, request that they keep noises like talking, music, or TV shows at the lowest while you are trying to sleep. It is difficult to fall asleep if you live near a busy road or hear other boring sounds after bedtime. You could get a white noise machine or play recordings of nature sounds, like waves or whales’ singing. You could also listen to soft, relaxing music.
Read a book in bed if you have difficulty in falling asleep. Staying in bed doing nothing when you’re having trouble falling asleep may keep you wide awake. While reading in bed may be slightly harmful to your eyes, it can distract (分散) you from your thoughts and help you feel sleepy. But remember to read from a print book rather than something with a screen. The light from electronic screens can keep you awake.
Lowering your body temperature helps you sleep, so set the room temperature between 15.5℃-21℃could do the trick.
4. What color1 book light should you choose toread before bed?
A. Red.
B. Blue.
C. White.
D. Orange.
5. What is the author’s attitude towards reading in bed?
A. Doubtful.
B. Worried.
C. Favorable.
D. Uncaring.
6. What can we inferred from the text?
A. Reading on cellphones sometimes helps you fall asleep.
B. The lower your temperature while sleeping is, the better.
C. Bright lights are better for your reading before going to bed.
D. Playing recordings like birds’ singing can improve your sleep.
7. How does the author organize the text?
A. By givingexamples.
B. By asking questions.
C. By offering suggestions.
D. By listing research results.
C
Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.
But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.
Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.
Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the
button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.
In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.
“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.
Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.
8. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?
A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.
B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.
C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.
D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.
9. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?
A. Sharing food.
B. Making a choice.
C. Comforting others.
D. Showing sympathy.
10. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?
A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.
B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.
C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.
D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.
11. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?
A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.
B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.
C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.
D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.
D
Nextdoor，an online social network for neighbors，says it has attracted $60 million from early backers of technology giants，Google，Amazon and Facebook.
The new investment，1ed by venture firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and investment firm Tiger Global Management，values Nextdoor at more than $500 million，said a personfamiliar with the matter.
Nextdoor members make Facebook-style postings，giving or seeking recommendations for services such as babysitters and yard maintenance or local retailers and restaurants. They also post about community issues such as parking，crimeand safety，or items for sale or loan.
The investment sum emphasizes the appeal of businesses that can tap into the growing use of mobile devices，as well as social networking Perhaps the best current example is Twitter，which is preparing for an initial public offering that values the company at up to about $11 billion.
“We’re all spending more time with our screens，more engaged，but I think data shows we’re less connected，”said John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins，mentioning his own experience of knowing few of his neighbors. Nextdoor，with its ability to introduce neighbors to each other，helps people regain the sense of connection，he said.
Early next year，Nextdoor plans to expand to Canada，followed by Great Britain，Australia，and South Africa，chief executive NiravTolia said. While Nextdoor has not yet have made any profit after two years of operations，Tolia said he is not worried.
“If we look at the great companies at this stage，none of them started to monetize this early in their evolution. ”Tolia said. “It’s all about getting the product right. ”Eventually，Nextdoor plans to tap into local advertising，he said.
Nextdoor is currently used in 22，527 neighborhoods across the United States，up from 5，694 a year ago. Including the latest funding round，it has raised just over $100 million.
12. What attitude do the early backers of technology grant hold towards Nextdoor?
A. They doubt its value.
B. They think poorly of it.
C. They are in favor of it.
D. They are worried about it.
13. What is mainly discussed about Nextdoor in Paragraph 3?
A. Its members.
B. Its service.
C. Its value.
D. Its location.
14. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning Twitter in Paragraph 4?
A. To support his viewpoint.
B. To post an advertisement.
C. To introduce a network.
D. To makea public offer.
15. How does Nirav Tolia feel about the future of Nextdoor?
A. Curious.
B. Upset.
C. Cautious.
D. Optimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Be on time. It's a simple command, and one you've probably heard since you were a child.____16____But, as an adult, if you're habitually late, you run the risk of ruining your professional reputation-no matter how smart, competent, or capable you might be.____17____Here are some reasons why it definitely does—along with my tips for making punctuality a priority.
It Shows You Care
We live in an extraordinarily busy world. We schedule meetings and appointments back-to-back, constantly surrounded by phone calls, emails, and texts that need to be answered "immediately." Getting to a meeting or appointment on time shows that it's important to you, and something for which you've planned.___18___ It Shows You're Responsible
Your co-workers, clients, and partners want to know that they can trust you to get the job done-and being punctual is an easy way to demonstrate that you can.____19____Conversely, flying down the hallway, showing up breathless to a meeting, then hurrying for your papers and notes gives an impression of chaos and disorder-not exactly the message you want to send.
It Reduces Stress
You know how stressful being late can be. But constantly rushing and scrambling to catch up not only makes you feel being in a panic—____20____Making sure that you show up on time prevents all that anxiety in the first place (yours and theirs!). Instead of panicking about the clock, you can focus your attention on what really matters—your job.
A. Being late can cost you friends.
B. And, of course, one you've likely ignored before.
C. it also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable.
D. it also makes you earn a reputation of being someone others can count on.
E. It indicates that you're organized, responsible, and in control of your time.
F. If you think punctuality doesn't matter, think again.
G. Being late, however, sends the message that your time is more valuable than everyone else's.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项On Thursday morning, two teenage boys were rescued by a drone (无人机) in Australia while lifeguards were still training to use the machine.
The____21____, aged 15-17, got into difficulties about 700 feet off the coast of Lennox Head, New South Wales (NSW). A passer-by saw them____22____in dangerous waves. Lifesavers____23____sent the drone to drop a lifeboat, and the pair made their way safely to the____24____.
The drone, known as “Little Riper”, was actually not____25____to be saving anyone just yet—lifeguards were being trained to____26____the machine. When a call came through about the swimmers in____27____the drone happened to be nearby.
Jai Sheridan was the lifeguard who____28____the drone. He described the experience as____29____. “The Little Ripper____30____proved itself today. It is a highly efficient piece of lifesaving equipment. I was____31____the drone when the alarm was raised. I directed it towards the swimmers and dropped the____32____. With its support they made their way to safety. They were____33____, but not hurt. The teens were saved in just 70 seconds with the drone—while a lifeguard would have taken up to six minutes to____34____the rescue.”
John Barilaro, an official of the state,____35____the rescue as historic. “It was the world's____36____rescue by the unmanned airplane,” he said. “Never before has a drone been used to____37____swimmers like this.”
Last December, the NSW state government____38____some “Little Ripper” drones for 247, 000 pounds.____39____some are designed to spot sharks, others are____40____with lifeboats, alarms and loudspeakers. “It was money well spent,” said John Barilaro.
21. A. swimmers B. managers C. visitors D. passers-by
22. A. playing B. racing C. struggling D. training
23. A. finally B. secretly C. immediately D. gratefully
24. A. island B. ship C. hospital D. shore
25. A. recommended B. supposed C. allowed D. guided
26. A. get familiar with B. repair C. take care of D. power
27. A. charge B. place C. action D. trouble
28. A. flew B. brought C. checked D. designed
29. A. funny B. useful C. amazing D. important
30. A. necessarily B. basically C. probably D. certainly
31. A. studying B. piloting C. boarding D. inspecting
32. A. lifebelt B. lifeline C. lifeguard D. lifeboat
33. A. sick B. tired C. excited D. surprised
34. A. record B. complete C. experience D. report
35. A. thanked B. greeted C. imagined D. praised
36. A. latest B. best C. first D. quickest
37. A. save B. warn C. protect D. reward
38. A. offered B. bought C. booked D. made
39. A. Since B. Unless C. While D. Before
40. A. equipped B. connected C. covered D. filled
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Aboriginal is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in the place from the earliest___41.___(know) times or before Europeans arrived. Examples are the Maori inNew Zealand, the aborigines inAustraliaand the Indians inAmerica. They all share the fact____42.____they were pushed off their land by European settlers.
Maori
The Maori were the first people___43.___(go) toNew Zealandabout 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands ofPolynesiain the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the northernIsland. In 1769, Captain James Cook fromBritaintook possession of the island and from that time British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers,___44.___in later years, there were arguments and battles between them.
Aborigines
The native people ofAustraliacame from somewhere inAsiamore than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s, almost all of___45.___were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian government passed laws___46.___returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.
American Indians
Long before the Europeans came toAmericain the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came fromAsia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land___47.___Indiaand so-called people there Indians. The white settlers in American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally____48.____(arise) and led to the Indian war(1866-1890). After the wars, the Indians___49.___(drive) to the west of the country. Not until 1924____50.____they gain the right to vote.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（℃），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was in high school, most of my friend had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father the money. But he said he could only give me half the money. I should find the other half myself. So I went to sell newspapers after the school. My father was pleasing when I showed him the money a month after. He gives me the other fifty. You can imagine how happily I was when I rode to school by my own bicycle.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.最近你参加了学校举行的“21天好习惯训练营”（21-day Habit Building Camp），请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你参加活动的情况。

内容包括：
1.活动的时间、地点；
2.活动的内容（每天打篮球、跑步等并分享朋友圈）；
3.你的收获。

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：朋友圈Moments
参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. C
21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32.
D 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A
41. known
42. that 43. to go
44. but 45. them
46. which/that
47. for 48. arose
49. were driven
50. did
51.(1).friend→friends
(2).it→one
(3).that→which
(4).father后加for
(5).after the school 去掉the
(6).pleasing→pleased
(7).after→later
(8).gives→gave
(9).happily→happy
(10).by→on
52.略。