2021年贵阳市第二中学高三英语模拟试题及答案

2021年贵阳市第二中学高三英语模拟试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling", it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.
1. Which bridge has the longest history?
A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.
B. Infinity Bridge.
C. Tower Bridge.
D. Iron Bridge.
2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A. It was originally meant for pedestrains.
B. The public give it two names.
C. Ifs well worth visiting at night.
D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's.
3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?
A. It charges drivers for each passing.
B. It offers walkers a good view at night.
C. It was made from thousands of stones.
D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.
B
The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance ofUniversityofQueenslandwildliferesearch released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.
A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.
“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,” Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”
"Populations of critically endangered bird species inHawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to drought, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in theBahamas."
Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.
UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.
“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events,” Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common,we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible, high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”
4. How was the UQ researchconducted?
A. By observing extreme weather events.
B. By protecting the endangered species.
C. By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.
D. By analyzing the reason whymass animal death happened.
5. What does the underlined word “annihilated” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. destroyed
B. defeated
C. decreased
D. disappeared
6. Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?
A. Drought caused 13 cases of distinctionin bird populations.
B. Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.
C. Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.
D. Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.
7. What can we infer from Professor Watson’s words?
A. Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.
B. The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.
C. Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.
D. Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species’ survival.
C
Sometimes people make history. George Washington became the first president of theUnited Statesand made history. Sometimes wars make history. The two World Wars are examples. Sometimes nature even becomes part of history. Shaking earthquakes are recorded in history books.
Sixteen years ago, nature caused just such a history-making event. In September 2005, Hurricane Katrina came ashore inNew Orleans,Louisiana. The deadly storm floodedNew Orleans. Before Katrina, no other big American city had ever flooded in the history of the country. This natural disaster caused great harm and death.
New Orleansis located below sea level. This location places it at great risk. Levees were built to protectNew Orleansfrom the ocean. (A levee is like a wall between the city and the ocean.) When Hurricane Katrina came ashore, water moved over the levees into the city. Flooding made it necessary for everyone to leave the city. Before Katrina, Creole food (a special kind of cooking only inLouisiana) filled the air with delicious smells. The sound of jazz music traveled through the streets. Now the city has to return to its former glory.
Before Katrina, ernment had never made everyone leave a city. People inNew Orleanshad to find
shelter quickly. Some had to stay at theSuperdomeSportsCenter. Some rode on buses to other towns. Thousands drove their cars to get away from the storm. The roads and shelters filled up fast.
The lesson learned from Katrina was that cities must be better prepared for big storms and other terrible disasters caused by nature. Being prepared might have kept more people safe. Hurricane Katrina is one of the history-making events that will be remembered forever. Today, history is still being made that will shape the future.
8. What does the author tell us aboutNew Orleans?
A. It was built above sea level.
B. It had few jazz musicians after Katrina.
C. It was the firstU.S.city that had been flooded.
D. It created a wholly new way to cook after Katrina.
9. What can we say about the levees?
A. They were almost useless for fighting Katrina.
B. They helped people leaveNew Orleansquickly.
C. They made NewOrleansa special American city.
D. They should be built to match the size ofNew Orleans.
10. What might the author advise city governments to do?
A. Put up more shelters in the city.
B. Build more levees around the city.
C. Teach people how to avoid floods.
D. Try to get ready for natural disasters.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Storms are dangerous
B. Katrina makes history
C. Floods shapeLouisiana
D. History must be remembered
D
Smart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.
Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.
In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that
couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.
For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.
Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.
Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes to sleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.
“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”
12. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?
A. How the smart speaker works.
B. Why the smart speaker is useful.
C. The advantages of smart speakers.
D. The importance of the study.
13. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?
A. ECGs are not highly accurate.
B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.
C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.
D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.
14. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?
A. They are comfortable to wear.
B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.
C. They are effective and cheap.
D. They are able to monitor remotely.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. We need to invent more smart devices.
B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.
C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.
D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Feeding bread to the ducks is a fond pastime for many of us, reminding us of happy childhood trips to the local park.____16____Eating it can cause our feathered friends to develop a condition called Angel Wing, which is when too much bread makes birds’ feathers grow too quickly. This additional weight puts a strain on their muscles, causing their wings to twist and drop open, and if not treated fast, they can lose the ability to fly.
“Angel Wing can be cured if we reach birds before it has developed too severely,” says Caroline Simpson, a trustee ofUKcharity Swan Lifeline. “____17____” Over the last 20 yearsUKcharity Swan Lifeline has rescued and treated more than 30,000 birds. Adult birds can develop heart disease by eating much bread, so it’s important that we do our best to prevent this by feeding then with the right kind of food.
____18____Rotten (腐烂的) bread at the bottom of rivers and lakes allows bacteria to produce, spreading disease and attracting rats and other pests to our waterways, which can result in the presence of a mould (霉菌) called Aspergillus. It has the potential to kill waterfowl (水禽) and other wildlife if it gets into their lungs.
____19____Giving birds the right food — like frozen peas, sweetcorn and some other plants — is good for both them and the environment. They can float on the water surface, and birds can enjoy them.____20____
A. So we must stop feeding the ducks.
B. But did you know that bread actually puts birds in danger?
C. This doesn’t mean we have to stop fun trips to feed the ducks.
D. Bread can also cause harmful changes to the natural ecosystem (生态系统).
E. What a scene it is to watch ducks eating bread loating on the river.
F. Otherwise the results can be serious — such as the loss of the wing.
G. So next time take a healthier alternative and do your bit to protect our precious wildlife.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项It was early into the coronavirus pandemic. Jenkins, a blood test doctor in Philadelphia, was___21___for her husband and their little twins when she got a___22___from a colleague tested positive (阳性) for the coronavirus.
Shortly after hanging up, Jenkins immediately stopped cooking and rushed to her bedroom, where she___23___herself away from the family. She remembers thinking, "OK. I've been___24___. It's very likely that I've been infected. And it's very likely that I've___25___my family. " Her husband, Jay Roux, 41, has stage IV lung cancer. Cancer treatments have weakened his heart. His body's___26___to the coronavirus are severely compromised (妥协) . "Perhaps I had been___27___for exposing Jay to the very thing that would___28___him."
Early next morning, the Jenkins drove to a testing site, and got a test result,___29___. It was a massive relief.____30____, she decided that as long as the pandemic dragged on, and as long as she was____31____patients with the coronavirus, she could not put her family through that experience again. She chose to____32____the sweet time with her family, moving out.
At one point, Leadership at the hospital____33____her a reasonable leave, so she wouldn't have to risk exposure to COVID-19. But she____34____considered the offer. Other doctors at her hospital, she says, are even____35____and at higher risk. And she felt the need to____36____during a public health emergency.
The day after Mother's Day when infection level was low enough, the couple decided to____37____places for her to see the kids. "When she came home, I already had all my____38____packed up in my truck," her husband says. "She came in____39____one door and saw kids and left the same door." "And I just kind of give her one of those air____40____and said I love her, you know?"
Sometimes, giving up doesn’t necessarily mean being bad. The wife gives up for the safety of a family and the nurse the safety of a city.
21. A. cooking B. cleaning C. calling D. washing
22. A. letter B. call C. email D. bill
23. A. hid B. trapped C. locked D. drove
24. A. diagnosed B. infected C. killed D. exposed
25. A. worsened B. fired C. poisoned D. infected
26. A. defenses B. strengths C. powers D. guards
27. A. helpful B. guilt C. responsible D. bound
28. A. scold B. kill C. cut D. worsen
29. A. positive B. negative C. active D. insecure
30. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Hence D. However
31. A. saving B. helping C. testing D. treating
32. A. give up B. give in C. turn up D. turn in
33. A. offered B. created C. excused D. applied
34. A. merely B. barely C. roughly D. simply
35. A. younger B. smarter C. older D. heavier
36. A. motivate B. donate C. affect D. contribute
37. A. switch B. turn C. access D. visit
38. A. clothes B. money C. stuff D. medicine
39. A. by B. through C. with D. between
40. A. words B. whistles C. gestures D. kisses
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Smart devices have become an everyday part of our lives. A smart fridge is a refrigerator that is equipped with a Wi-Fi____41.____(connect). It goes above and beyond simply keeping our food cool.
“A smart refrigerator can share information about itself through a real-time camera____42.____lets users see what's inside while at the supermarket, or act____43.____a digital command center for the home: connecting calendars, playing music, and more," says Michael Kaufman, a reporter.
Some other things smart fridges are able to do include raising or lowering the temperature at____44.____sound of your voice or with your phone, turning the ice maker on or off, or helping you track the contents of your fridge.
“It's____45.____(general) easier to get informed about a problem if the temperature is lower than it should be because a door____46.____(leave) ajar (半开地),”Kaufman says.“While smart fridges are still fulling the basic function of keeping food cool, they are doing in a way that's easier for you____47.____(manage)."
"The people who will benefit most from a smart fridge are probably those____48.____have children. It will help them know____49.____is going on at home when they ' re not there, because their children might be using the fridge while they are at work. However, the price of smart fridges is higher than_____50._____of traditional ones," says Kimberly Palmer, an expert.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I was going home by bike in a cold afternoon when my bike broke down. As I was wondering how to do, an old man came over. He offered to help me and soon my bike repaired. I thanked him but asked how to reward him. She shook his head and then told me a story about how a boy had helped him two year before. His story moved me deep. I looked at the man, with my eyes filling with tears. I never thought he could keep such a little incident in the mind for years. Only then do I begin to believe that one good turn deserves another.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的外教Linda对中国书法(calligraphy)很感兴趣。

2021年5月30日，城市文化中心将举行一个书法文化交流活动，请给她写一封邀请信，内容包括：
1.时间、地点；
2.活动的内容：看展览、听讲座等；
3.活动的意义。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Linda,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. G
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32.
A 33. A 34.
B 35.
C 36.
D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. Connection
42. which/that
43. as 44. the
45. generally
46. is left
47. to manage
48. who 49. what
50. that
51.(1).in→on
(2). how→what
(3). repaired前添加was
(4).but→.and
(5). She→He
(6).years
(7). deep→-deeply
(8). filling→filled
(9).去掉the
(10). do→did
52.略。