【福建人教版】2012届高考英语新课标一轮复习学案 必修2 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection

Unit 4 Wildlife Protection
导读：大自然是一个完整的生物链，人和动物的和谐相处会使我们所生活的环境更加美好，保持生态平衡是我们义不容辞的责任，对此你的观点如何呢？
With rapid extinction of many wild species, more and more people come to realize the great significance of wildlife protection.
We have to understand the problem in a new light that we protect ourselves through protecting wildlife. On the one hand, any species of wildlife, as a critical joint of the ecological chain, helps to establish the ecological balance. If one species becomes extinct, it will disappear forever. What is more, it will inevitably result in the extinction of a chain of wildlife and the disruption of the ecological balance. Unpredictable disasters may occur.
On the other hand, with the development of modern science and technology, man is just beginning to learn about wildlife. For example, if wild rubber trees had been extinct two centuries ago, there would be no auto industry today. Moreover wildlife preserves unknown genetic codes, which may turn out to be a vital importance and free human beings from fatal diseases and natural disasters in the future.
It is imperative for us to protect wildlife right now before it is too late, because man has already polluted the environment seriously and threaten the existence of many wild species. Let's take action to protect wildlife. Learning to live in harmony with all wildlife is part of modern civilization.
—From news. iciba. com
请根据语义及提示写出单词
1. Almost all the animals have their special ways to p__________ themselves from their enemies.
2. All she dreams is a __________(祥和的) and comfortable life in a small village by the sea.
3. For a moment, Tom was at a __________(茫然不知所措) as to how to reply it.
4. Orange juice __________(含有) things which help keep you healthy.
5. Their opinion will not __________(影响) my decision.
6. I would __________(感激) it very much if you would help me with my English.
7. While reading, please pay much __________(注意) to your pronunciation.
8. Volunteers were required to __________(缓解) the labour shortage.
9. She is a __________(成功人士) as an actress.
protect 2. peaceful 3. loss 4 . contains
5. affect
6. appreciate
7. attention
8. relieve
9. success10. employed
10. The report examines teaching methods __________(employ) in the classroom. 请根据语义写出短语
1. __________to 按照；根据……所说
2. __________ into being 产生；形成
3. in __________ 如释重负
4. burst into __________ 突然笑起来
5. __________ peace 和平地
6. die __________ 灭亡；逐渐消失
7. __________ …from… 保护……不受……(危害)
8. pay __________ to 注意
according 2. come 3. relief 4. laughter
5. in
6. out
7. protect
8. attention
9. danger 10. sure
9. in __________(of) 在危险中
10. for __________ 确信
There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China. (P30)
① contain vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) He opened the bag, which contained a razor, soap, and a towel.
(2) He was so excited he could hardly contain himself.
(3) The auditorium will contain 3,000 people.
根据语义找匹配
容纳
B. 装有
C. 克制、抑制
(1) B(2) C(3) A
① contain vt.
链接
container n. 容器，器皿，集装箱，货柜
contained adj. 从容的，泰然自若的
containerize vt. 用集装箱运输
辨析
include/contain/hold
include强调“包括，作为整体的一部分”，侧重范围或整体。

其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。

include的分词短语常在句中作状语，用于名词前用including，用于名词后用included。

① contain vt.
contain 着重“其中包含有”，指在一定范围或容器内容纳某物，侧重包含的内容或成分。

其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。

此外，contain还有“控制，克制”之意。

hold指“能容纳”。

巧记：
A container contains all kinds of fruits, which include pineapples.
① contain vt.
contain的宾语与主语不同类。

include的宾语与主语是同类之物。

fruit与container不同类，用contain。

pineapple与fruit是同类之物，所以用include。

① contain vt.
用上述单词的恰当形式填空
(1) The book ______ ten chapters, ______ American Literature.
(2) This kind of fruit ______ lots of vitamin C and B, vitamin D ______.
(3) The hall______200 people.
(1) contains；including
(2) contains；included
(3) holds
① contain vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Their opinion will not affect my decision.
(2) We are deeply affected by his devotion to work.
② affect vt.
根据语义找匹配
影响
B. 使感动
(1) A(2) B
② affect vt.
短语
affect sb. to tears把某人感动得流泪
be greatly affected很受感动
be affected by heat中暑
be affected with high fever发高烧
辨析
affect/effect/influence
affect vt. 表示“影响，(病)侵袭”，多指不好的影响。

当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“使……感动”。

② affect vt.
effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用于have an effect on对……有影响； in effect正在实行；实际上； side effect副作用； take effect开始实行，开始生效； without effect没有效果； come into effect生效，实施；bring/carry sth. into effect使……生效； be of no effect 无效果。

② affect vt.
influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。

② affect vt.
单项填空
()Sichuan Province ______by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post
－festival road transport.
A. were affected
B. was affected
C. had effected
D. has affected
② affect vt.
B考查动词词义的辨析。

affect 为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。

按照句意选择B。

③appreciate vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) His works were not appreciated until after his death.
(2) Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer.
(3) I don't think you appreciate the danger of this job.
(4) I appreciated his help when I prepared for the entrance exams.
根据语义找匹配
赏识 B. 重视
C. 察知
D. 感激
(1) B(2) A(3) C(4) D
③appreciate vt.
句型
appreciate ＋ n. /doing感激(欣赏；觉得……)
appreciate it＋if从句如果……，将不胜感激
辨析
appreciate / enjoy
这两个动词均含“欣赏”之意。

appreciate多用于文学方面，强调对事物有深入的理解能力，且能鉴赏。

③appreciate vt.
To appreciate the jokes of crosstalk artists, listeners have to know very well what the comedians are talking about.
enjoy普通用词，使用广泛，程度不及appreciate，多指从外界事物中得到喜悦与满足，领略到乐趣，享受意味强。

Now that I am free, I can enjoy music for a while.
③appreciate vt.
单项填空
()(1) I would appreciate ______ if you would let me know in advance whether you will be coming or not.
A. that
B. it
C. you
D. this
B考查动词的用法。

appreciate其后不接人，排除D，这里所要感激的事情是if you would let me know in advance whether you will be coming or not，为了避免头重脚轻现象，所以用it作为形式宾语。

③appreciate vt.
()(2) I really appreciate ______to relax with you on this magic island.
A. having time
B. to have time
C. to have had time
D. to having time
A考查动词的用法。

当appreciate后接非谓语动词时，它只能用v.－ing形式，所以答案是A。

③appreciate vt.
()(3) I appreciated ______back and greeting that afternoon after our departure.
A. you to call
B. you calling
C. you called
D. you call
B考查动词的用法。

当appreciate后接非谓语动词时，它只能用v.－ing形式，如果非谓语动词有其逻辑主语时，使用n./代词＋v.－ing形式，构成动名词的复合结构，所以答案是B。

③appreciate vt.
④ die out
根据语境猜词义
(1) Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.
(2) Many animals have died out in the past.
(3)The fire is dying out. You'd better add some firewood.
(1) C(2) A(3) B
根据语义找匹配
灭绝
B. 熄灭
C. 风俗、习惯逐渐消失
④ die out
短语
die from 表示死于(枪)伤、虚弱、过度劳累、饮食过量等。

die of 表示死于疾病、饥饿、寒冷、年老、忧愁、失恋等精神因素。

die out “灭绝，消失”。

多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，强调动作的结束。

die away慢慢消失。

(多指声音、光线、风等)逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失。

强调过程。

④ die out
die down (多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等)逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。

表示过程，常可与die away 替换。

die off (多指家族、草木等)相继死去，先后死亡。

④ die out
单项填空
()(1) Unfortunately, the soldier died______ a wound in the chess.
A. from
B. out
C. off
D. down
A考查die的短语搭配辨析。

按照句意此处soldier的死因应该是枪伤，故用die from。

④ die out
()(2) Shen Hao died ______ the people, so his death is weightier than Mount Tai.
A. from
B. of
C. for
D. because of
C考查die的短语搭配辨析。

根据语义：沈浩是为人民而死，所以他的死重于泰山。

④ die out
用die相关短语的正确形式填空
(3) As the region is becoming hotter, this kind of grass is ______.
(4) Their chatters and laughter ______ as the group rushed out of the classroom.
(5) When all the guests had left, the whole house ______.
(6) We need to take action before all the endangered animals ______.
(3) dying off (4) died away
(5) died down(6) have died out
④ die out
⑤protect…from/against
根据语境感悟语义
(1) You must learn to protect yourself from the danger.
(2) He raised his arm to protect his child from hurt.
(3) They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.
根据语境和语义protect…from…意为：______。

保护……以免受到……的伤害
⑤protect…from/against
链接
表示“阻止某人做某事/阻止某事发生”的短语有：
prevent sb./sth. (from)doing sth.
stop sb./sth. (from)doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth. (from不可省略)
ban sb./sth. (from)doing sth. (＝forbid sb. to do sth.) 禁止某人做某事注意：keep sb. doing sth. 让某人不断做某事
⑤ prot ect…from/against
温馨提示
(1) protect against和protect from意思相似，有时可互换，但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用protect…against，对于较小的事情常用protect…from。

(2)在protect…from/against…结构中，from和against后面常跟sth.，有时against后跟being done来强调动作的被动性。

⑤protect…from/against
(3)主动句中prevent/stop…from…中的from可省略，在被动句中from不可省略，而keep…from…中的from无论在主动句还是在被动句中都不能省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.
的语义是“让某人一直做某事”。

单项填空
()(1)He is wearing sunglasses to ______ his eyes from the strong sunlight.
A. protect
B. hold
C. stop
D. prevent
()(2)The umbrella can ______ you from the rain.
A. stop
B. prevent
C. protect
D. keep
⑤protect…from/against
(1)A(2)C考查动词辨析。

prevent sb. from doing sth.防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb. from doing sth.；protect sb. from sth.保护某人免遭……伤害。

⑤protect…from/against
⑥ come into being
根据语境猜词义
(1) I don't exactly know when the universe came into being.
(2) When did the club come into being?
(3) Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture.
根据语义找匹配
成立
B. 形成
C. 产生
(1) B(2) A(3) C
⑥ come into being
短语
come into operation 开始运行；生效
come into office 就职
come into power 当权；执政
come into use 投入使用
come into force 生效；实施
come into effect 生效
come into view/ sight 在视野内；看见
come into fashion 开始流行；风靡
come into season 正合时令
⑥ come into being
()(1) People in the town will benefit from the law after it ______next month.
A. comes into use
B. comes into power
C. comes into effect
D. comes into being
C考查短语语义辨析。

come into use投入使用； come into power执政； come into effect生效；come into being产生。

根据语境：法律下个月生效，所以答案是C。

⑥ come into being
()(2) The town came into ______ as we turned around the corner.
A. being
B. use
C. fashion
D. sight
D考查短语语义辨析。

根据语境：拐个弯就能看到，所以答案是D。

⑥ come into being
()(3) After a heated discussion, a new plan came______ being, which would have a great effect ______ the study of the students.
A. into; for
B. to; to
C. from; at
D. into; on
D考查短语搭配。

根据短语的搭配，come into being和have an effect on, 所以答案是D。

⑥ come into being
⑦ There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China. (P30)
当时有许多不同种类的恐龙，其中有很多种类曾经生活在中国。

“There be ＋名词”是英语中最为常用的句式之一，表示“某处存在某物”。

在使用中，我们应当注意以下几点：
(1) there be 中的be动词的数的变化要依据“就近原则”，即与它距离最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil box.
There are two pencils and a pen in the pencil box.
⑦ There were
(2) 由于这一结构中的谓语动词是be动词，因此之后出现的所有动词都是非谓语动词，在使用中，我们务必注意非谓语动词的运用。

⑦ There were
⑦ There were
Hurry up! There is no time to go.
You mustn't leave now, because there is a lot of work to be done.
There is a person waiting for you outside.
Hurry up! There is no time left.
(3) there be 结构的非谓语动词形式要依据非谓语动词在句子中的结构确定。

I want there to be a vase in the center of the table.
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
⑦ There were
你知道这道题该如何解答吗？
()______， so we had to walk home.
A. There being no bus
B. Being no bus
C. There was no bus
D. No bus
⑦ There were
C考查了独立主格结构与并列句的关系。

当在语句中有并列连词时，这就说明这是一个并
列句，前后都是完整的句子，所以本题也就用了There was no bus。

如果没有并列连词so，就说明它是独立主格结构，用There being no bus。

(4) there be结构的时态与情态动词形式
there be结构的时态与情态动词形式是借助时态助动词或“情态动词＋be动词”的正确形式表达。

There is going to be a class meeting in our classroom this afternoon and there may be an important thing to be discussed.
(5) there be结构的变体和运用
There happen to be… 碰巧有……
⑦ There were
There stand / lie /come/ go / remain/ live… 有……
There see m to be… 似乎有……；好像有……
⑦ There were
温馨提示
恰当使用There be 结构会给你的书面表达增添灵气，让你的作品更加灵动。

There stands a tall teaching building in the center of our school.
在学校中央屹立着一幢高高的教学楼。

There lies a quiet small stream in the mountain village.
一条小溪静静地躺在山寨里。

⑦ There were
(6) 常用句型
There is no need to do sth. 没必要做某事
There is no doubt that… ……毋庸置疑
There was a time when… 曾几何时……
⑦ There were
高じ考试。

题≈库。