2020届济南市第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2020届济南市第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It's time to put your two-wheeler to good use on these fun bike paths — each varying in distance and difficulty. Just choose one fit for you.
• Paulinskill Valley Trail
Check out Paulinskill Valley Trail, filled with forests, wetlands, and small townsalong this 25- mile route. While the trail is mostly flat, you can do a quick ride. You're likely to catch sight of beautiful birds, considering more than 100 species find a home in the land near the path. Check out the trail in the fall - prime time for pretty sights.•AlaHele Makalae
On theislandofKaui, you'll find a bike path with lots of beachy views that'll leave you feeling accomplished yet calm. The name translates to “The Path that Goes By Coast,” and, as you might guess, the seven-mile path hugs the shoreline. Start early enough and you'll witness an incredible sunrise to make it even more amazing,
• TheCheaha Route
This ride covers up to 126 miles, with steep climbs and extreme downhills along the way. So prepare for a thrilling ride - one that’s not necessarily for the inexperienced or those looking for an easy, casual ride. Along the route, you'll pedal through five towns. The journey is worth it, though, because you get some of the most scenic views in the state.
• The Whitefish Trail
Famous for its countless route options, whether you’re a new biker looking for smooth tracks or you have more experience and want to play around on rocky, more technical land, this bike path brings in lots of visitors. The 43-mile route offers beautiful green scenery. Around every comer, you’ll see a new jaw-dropping landscape, from glassy lakes to green mountains.
1. When is the best time to visit Paulinskill Valley Trail?
A. In Autumn.
B. All year round.
C. On early mornings.
D. On sunny days.
2. Which route is not fit for someone new to cycling?
A. The Whitefish Trail.
B. Ala Hele Makalae.
C. Paulinskill Valley Trail.
D. TheCheaha Route.
3. What's the common feature of the four routes?
A. They are full of challenges.
B. Various route options are offered.
C. They have beautiful scenery.
D. Different species can be found there.
B
In Copenhagen, an 8-year dream was realized when the first paid skiers took their runs down a one-third-mile course (路线)．They skied on what is possibly the greenestpower factory in the world．The factory is so clean and safe that designers were able to turn its buildings into a new center for social life．
The waste-to-power factory itself opened in 2017 under the name Amager Bakke．Bjarke Ingels is the architect whosecompany came up with the idea eight years ago of designing a power plant building that would join mountain sports into its very nature．
“It is the cleanest waste-to-energy power plant in the world．It is not only better for the environment, it is also moreenjoyable for the lives of its citizens.” Ingels says 97% of city people get their heating as a by-product of energy production．It comes from a system where the electricity, heating, and waste disposal (处理) are mixed into a single process．He dreams that it is also becoming an example that others can look to and say, “IfCopenhagencan do it why can' t we?"
There are no hills in this island city, but now people can ski locally, while enjoying the best views ever seen of the harbor．Another thing missing hereis snow cover throughout the winter, so designers set up a kind of special "plastic grass" that provides the perfect friction (摩擦力) for downhill winter sports．
In a country where 600, 000 skiers always had to travel to practice sking, to be able to finally ski in their backyard-and, all year round - is, as one skier said, “AMAZING．”
The company hopes to see 300, 000 visitors enjoying the experience of Copen hill each year, with the ski slope costing $ 22 an hour or just $ 366 for a full season pass．Meanwhile, the city is one step closer to its final goal of becoming the world's first carbon-neutral city by 2025．We thinkit might be all “down hill” from here．
4. How does the power factory produce electricity?
A. By using oil．
B. By using coal．
C. By usingwind．
D. By using waste．
5. What' s Ingels' dream according to the passage?
A. To make more tall buildings in different big cities．
B. To help more skiers to ski in high mountains．
C. There will be more green power factories in the world．
D. More and more people will ski in the power factory．
6. Where do the skiers ski in the power factory?
A. On man-made snow．
B. On man-made ice．
C. On plastic grass．
D. On real sand．
7. The underlined part “it might be all 'downhill' from here" means that________.
A. they will soon reach their final goal
B. they will soon draw many visitors
C. they will produce more electricity
D. they have difficulties reaching the goal
C
It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.
Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”
Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.
Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.
8. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.
A. learn in different situations
B. do things carefully
C. build up their confidence
D. improve their imagination
9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A. A child will act on what is instructed.
B. One can't help imagining what is heard.
C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.
D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.
10. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?
A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?
B. Don't play by the lake.
C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?
D. Fasten your seat belt.
11. The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. positive instructions guide kids
B. praise makes kids confident
C right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids different
D
In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.
Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.
The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.
Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”12. What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The experiment.
B. Functional fixedness.
C. The path.
D. The thinking.
13. Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?
A. Tacking the candle to the wall.
B. Fixing the candle with melted wax.
C. Using the tack box as a candle-holder.
D. Lighting the candle tostand it.
14. Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?
A. People should question.
B. We should be used to the way things are.
C. People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.
D. The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.
15. What's the passage mainly about?
A. An interesting experiment
B. A psychological phenomenon.
C. A theory to be proved.
D. The opinion of Hannah Arendt.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Making other people feel good feels good
Making other people feel good feels good, and best of all, it requires little more than a generous heart. Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and both recipients (接受者) and good deed doers can get the benefits. It can’t be a smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day.___16___
Learn a friend’s language
Picking up a bit of your friends or co-workers’ first language and speaking it with them shows them that you care about and take an interest in their experiences. Someone feeling included and respected will feel a greater sense of belonging, an important part of happiness.
___17___
Reaching out to someone for the first time in a long time can be an instant remedy (处理方法) for whatever
troubles you. It’s as simple as a text, a note or a call. Let someone know you’re thinking of them, even after some time apart. Studies suggest strong relationships can improve physical health, too.
Sincerely compliment someone
A respectful comment that comes from the heart about someone’s unique hair style, excellent performance or their great solution to a problem at work might be all it takes to improve someone’s mood.___18___ Collect trash you see around your neighborhood
Picking up trash and recyclable items on the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment.___19___The environment can’t clean itself, after all!
Thank the people in your life
They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day and your mom.___20___Thank people for the things, big and small, that they do that improve your life. Appreciation is priceless.
A. Have eye contact with friends.
B. Reconnect with a friend or family member.
C. It might even inspire others to take up the task with you.
D. Without their help, your world might not be efficient (高效的).
E. Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someone’s day.
F. Make sure the people you spend time with are supportive of your goals.
G. Others’ positive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When I was growing up, I had an oldneighbor, a physician named Doctor Gibbs. He didn't look like any____21____I'd ever known. We often played in his yard. But he never____22____us for making a mess in his yard.
When Doctor Gibbs wasn't____23____lives, he was planting trees in his yard. He had some interesting___24___about planting trees. He____25____the principle "No pains, no gains". He____26____watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional（传统的）wisdom. Once I asked why and he told me that____27____plants spoiled（宠坏）them because it made them grow____28____. He said he had to make things____29____for the trees so that only the strongest could_____30_____. He talked about how watering trees made them develop shallow_____31_____and how, if they were not watered, trees would grow
deep roots in search of water. So,_____32_____watering his trees every morning, he'd beat them with a rolled-up newspaper to help the trees build up_____33_____.
After he died, I walked by his_____34_____and looked at the trees, which were all tall and strong. I planted a couple of trees myself a few years ago. Two years of_____35_____these trees meant they grew weak. Whenever a cold wind blew, their branches trembled. Hardship seemed to benefit Doctor Gibbs' trees in ways_____36_____and case never could exist.
Every night, before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I often pray that their lives will be easy. But_____37_____I've been thinking that it's time to change my_____38_____. I know my children are going to_____39_____hardship. What I need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rain falls and the wind blows, they won't be_____40_____.
21. A. doctor B. teacher C. lawyer D. farmer
22. A. liked B. admired C. respected D. blamed
23. A. saving B. losing C. changing D. shortening
24. A. stories B. theories C. goals D. projects
25. A. took apart B. worried about C. believed in D. made up
26. A. briefly B. hardly C. enthusiastically D. constantly
27. A. watering B. caring C. drying D. growing
28. A. stronger B. bigger C. weaker D. healthier
29. A. easy B. good C. interesting D. tough
30. A. escape B. survive C. sleep D. recover
31. A. flowers B. leaves C. branches D. roots
32. A. because of B. in addition to C. instead of D. thanks to
33. A. kindness B. love C. strength D. interest
34. A. yard B. hospital C. garden D. tomb
35. A. planting B. attending C. processing D. ruining
36. A. comfort B. freedom C. happiness D. wealth
37. A. early B. lately C. previously D. originally
38. A. situation B. result C. design D. prayer
39. A. leave out B. care about C. long for D. meet with
40. A. turned down B. torn apart C. picked out D. thought of
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Yuan Longping,____41.____Chinese scientist who developed many high-yield rice____42.____(variety) that helped feed people around the world, passed away on Saturday at a hospital in the southern city of Changsha. On Saturday afternoon, large crowds honored the scientist by marching past the hospital, calling out “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”
Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China, known by the nickname “Father of Hybrid Rice.” It was in the 1970s that Yuan achieved the breakthroughs,____43.____made him a household name. He developed a hybrid strain of rice that recorded an annual yield 20%____44.____(high) than other species — meaning it could feed an extra 70 million people____45.____(annual).
Worldwide, 20 percent of all rice now comes from species____46.____(create) by hybrid rice following Yuan’s breakthrough discoveries. His work helped transform China from “food deficiency”____47.____“food security” within three decades, according to the World Food Prize, which was started in 1986___48.___(recognize) scientists and others who have improved the quality and____49.____(available) of food.
Yuan_____50._____(award) “the Medal of the Republic” for his outstanding contribution to China’s food security, agricultural scientific development and world food supply.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

For years, I thought my father was strongest person I had ever met. He worked hard most of his life and he was physical healthy. However, he had a seriously illness at the age of forty. My mother is always fighting alongside him. She suffered a lot of pressure as for his caretaker. She also managed to doing a full-time job and raise three children. My mother never lost faith that my father would be standing next to him again and the pair would be gardened together in the spring. It was her strength what kept my father alive. Fortunately, after 8 year of treatment, my father finally recovered.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。

Niesha could not forget the way she had frozen in front of the class today. Mr. Roberts had divided the class into groups to do presentations. Today had been Niesha’s turn. However, her hands had shaken so badly that she couldn’t read her notes. Her voice had become softer even to silence. Mr. Roberts had kindly ended Niesha’s part of the presentation even though she had clearly not finished. He had also asked Niesha to stay after class for a moment.
“Niesha, I know you’re shy, but you worked hard on this project. I’d hate to see you give up. on yourself.” Mr. Roberts had hesitated, “If I give you another chance until tomorrow, do you think you can find your courage?” Niesha had nodded, grateful for the chance. She had gone as quickly as she could to her next class. She had kept her head down and hoped the school day would end soon.
When she reached her back steps that afternoon, she could see an inviting light coming from the kitchen windows. Momma was baking. Momma studied Niesha’s face as she came into the kitchen. “What’s wrong, Niesha?”
Tears shone in Niesha’s brown eyes. She told her the whole story. Momma was silent for a moment, her hands still busy with the cake. “Why is it that you can talk to me about anything and everything, but you can’t talk to your class?” Momma asked. She set the timer and then said, “Let me show you something.”
Niesha followed Momma to her bedroom. There Momma showed her a book filled with newspaper clippings and pictures. In it there was a blue ribbon that said “First Place” and a picture of herself when she was very young, standing with her parents.
“I won it for public speaking. I started the school year as the shyest girl on the speech team, but I ended the year as the blue ribbon winner. It wasn’t easy at first- not sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I faced my fears. You just need to find your courage.”
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:
Hearing Momma’s words, Niesha gazed at the precious blue ribbon, lost in thought.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
Paragraph 2:
The next day Niesha again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
16. E 17. B 18. G 19. C 20. D
21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32.
C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38.
D 39. D 40. B
41. a 42. varieties
43. which 44. higher
45. annually
46. created
47. to
48. to recognize
49. availability
50. was awarded
51.(1).在strongest前加the
(2).physical →physically
(3).seriously→serious
(4).is →was
(5).删去for
(6). doing →do
(7). him →her
(8). gardened →gardening
(9). what →that
(10).year →years
52.略。