人教新课标选修9Unit 4 Exploring plants同步练习题含答案

人教版选修9U4同步练习
选修9Unit Four Exploring plants
一、语法填空
(2016·河南郑州市高三第一次质量预测)
Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China，__1__ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾)．Tu Youyou __2__(be) the woman who uses the plant’s special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.
On October 5，Tu was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan.Tu is the first native Chinese person __3__(receive) a Nobel Prize in natural sciences.
Tu was modest about receiving the award：“It’s a success for the whole research team.”She also thinks __4__ is scientists’ duty to fight for the health of all humans. When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine __5__ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s，things were hard.The team didn’t have advanced equipment back then.Tu used to test __6__(medicine) by eating them herself.Her team searched old Chinese medicine books __7__ hand and tested over 2，000 traditional recipes.
Once Tu __8__(return) home after traveling for six months.Her little daughter didn’t recognize her and hid from the“strange woman”．To do research，Tu also had to move around a lot.
Finally，Tu found artemisinin (青蒿素) in sweet wormwood in 1971.She spent the next decades __9__(try)to improve the medicine.According to World Health Organization，about 200 million people suffer __10__ malaria around the world，and about half a million die each year.Artemisinin is still the most effective treatment against malaria known today.
Tu never complains about how hard she works.“I feel more rewarded when I see so many cured patients，” she said.
二、完形填空
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

My parents had always prepared for hurricanes. It is what 1 people do in Florida because ‚you never know‛. For us, that 2 a white metal cabinet (储藏柜) in our utility room (杂用间) filled with cans of food. We could 3 eat anything out of the cabinet because ‚you never know‛when a hurricane will come.
As a kid, I was 4 about the white cabinet. I thought it was kind of strange to have food in the utility room. But, one look from my mother 5 me from opening the door to glance inside.
One year, Channel 4 reported that Hurricane Dora was 6 for the northern part of
Florida. Soon the storm got 7 and the wind blew. Then, the tall pine trees started to sway. And, by ‚sway‛, I meant ‚ 8 over or crash down on anything in their way‛. We were lucky, as the 9 went other directions and didn’t take our power out.
However, when my mother started cooking, the power was out. 10 I figured it was time to crack open that white cabinet. But, Dad thought it was time to 11 up the charcoal grill outside where it was raining and windy. To this day, I never 12 a man’s love for his grill.
Our power came back for a while. So, my mother began cooking everything she could and 13 it away, to the neighbors, to friends without power, to anyone who was 14 up. I was hoping that the fried chicken was going to find its way to our 15 . But, it didn’t. And, just as the last of the food was sent out and she began to work on our dinner, yes, we lost our 16 . It was time for 20 minutes’eggs on the grill.
Oh, the white metal cabinet. No. We never 17 it. We weren’t ‚that bad off‛as I understand it. And, for years I 18 how bad off we would have to be to eat out of that cabinet. Perhaps it was just the 19 of it, the thought that it was there watching our backs 20 we wanted a can of beans or some potted meat. I don’t know if that was what was in there. Anyway, I never looked inside.
1. A. brave B. serious C. generous D. smart
2. A. said B. meant C. showed D. presented
3. A. forever B. always C. never D. ever
4. A. doubtful B. concerned C. anxious D. curious
5. A. banned B. kept C. defended D. protected
6. A. reaching B. looking C. heading D. going
7. A. round B. down C. far D. close
8. A. fall B. trip C. fly D. tip
9. A. walls B. poles C. trees D. bushes
10. A. Yet B. Otherwise C. Nevertheless D. So
11. A. start B. use C. break D. hold
12. A. question B. mention C. investigate D. appreciate
13. A. putting B. turning C. giving D. clearing
14. A. full B. well C. high D. hard
15. A. cupboard B. room C. bed D. table
16. A. food B. power C. water D. money
17. A. opened B. locked C. fixed D. cleaned
18. A. examined B. analyzed C. wondered D. imagined
19. A. purpose B. problem C. thought D. conclusion
20. A. wherever B. whenever C. however D. whatever
三、阅读理解
A
【2016天津高考真题】B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to
realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilitie s that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件）from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
1. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
2. What can we learn about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.
3. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. His son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help.
4. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
5. What did the author realize in the end?
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
B
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

London's newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build.At a height of almost 310 metres，it is the tallest building in Europe.The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London.However，not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano.When he began designing the Shard for London，Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire(尖顶)．He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city.The sides of the building aren't regular.So the building has an unusual shape.It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how the building got the name：the Shard.Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition.The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts(桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors.At the top，there is an observatory.At the moment the building is empty，but eventually there will be a five-star hotel.There will also be top quality restaurants，apartments and offices.
Before building work began，a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were approved.Now they are still unhappy about the Shard.Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York，but not in London.They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape.But that is the only thing.There is no decoration，only flat surfaces.The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago.They also think the Shard is too big for London.It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent.They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal.Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel.But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline.It is not certain，however，that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
1．London's newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ________.
A．its cost B．its size
C．its shape D．its height
2．When he designed the Shard，Piano wanted it to ________.
A．change London's skyline
B．inherit London's tradition
C．imitate the Egyptian style
D．attract potential visitors
3．The critics who refer to social division think the Shard ________.
A．is only preferred by the rich
B．is intended for wealthy people
C．is far away from the poor area
D．is popular only with Londoners
4．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Shard：Cheers and Claps
B．The Shard：Work of a Great Architect
C．The Shard：New Symbol of London?
D．The Shard：A Change for the Better?
C
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. I've lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shootups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who were barred in prison. I could have ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn't let that happen.
Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact, the scores of our whole class rose. One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let him down.
Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said，“You're all going.”
On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didn't want his class to end. In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55. In 2003, Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit orphanages. It was the most amazing experience of my life. It's now my dream to one day start a group of women's clubs, helping people from all backgrounds. 文章大意：本文是一篇写人记叙文。

介绍了‚我‛的老师Clark先生，他带‚我们‛欣赏歌剧、领‚我们‛一起领奖；他写了一本畅销书……在他的帮助下，
‚我‛积极生活，没有受到周围不良环境的影响。

1．What would happen when the time came for Mr. Clark to go to Los Angeles? A．Many students would be treated to dinner at a restaurant there.
B．He would start his new businesses and get more students there.
C．All of his students would go with him to get the award.
D．He would take his class to see a movie at a theater there.
答案：C细节理解题。

根据第三段中的‚those students would go with him go Los Angeles to get the award... ‘You're all going.’‛可知，当Clark先生去洛杉矶时，他的所有学生将和他一起去领奖。

故C项正确。

2．Which of the following is the name of a book?
A．The Phantom of the Opera.
B．The Essential 55.
C．Spanish Harlem.
D．Disney's 2000 Teacher.
答案：B细节理解题。

根据最后一段第四句中“... and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55”可知，The Essential 55是一本书的名字，故B项正确。

3．From the writer's story we can infer that ________.
A．the writer might have been put into prison without Mr. Clark
B．thanks to Mr. Clark's hard work, the writer won the award for Best Teacher C．the writer followed Mr. Clark to South Africa to help old people in poor areas D．Mr. Clark retired in the year after he was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher
答案：A推理判断题。

根据第一段最后两句“I have friends who were barred in prison. I could have ended up t hat way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn't let that happen.”可知，要是没有Mr. Clark的帮助，‚我‛就可能像‚我‛的朋友那样进监狱了。

故A项正确。

4．According to the text, what does the writer mainly intend to let us know? A．Mr. Clark was so successful a teacher that he devoted all his life to his
career.
B．The way Mr. Clark helped to raise the scores of his class.
C．Much was Mr. Clark respected and loved by all of his students.
D．A good teacher has a good influence on his or her students.
答案：D主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了‚我‛的老师Mr Clark 对‚我‛的影响，如果没有他的帮助，‚我‛很可能像‚我‛的朋友一样进监狱了。

故本文主要说明一个好老师对学生的积极影响。

故D项正确。

四、任务型阅读
In 2000, the world's first mobile phones with cameras were put on the market in Japan. Two years later, these phones were released in Australia, Europe and the United States.
A market research shows that there has been a sharp rise in worldwide sales from 80 million mobile camera phones in 2003 to 1.14 billion by 2013.
Camera phones have not only been used for entertainment. In Sweden, a grocer snapped a shot of a robber and downloaded the photograph to his computer, which allowed the police to catch the suspect. In Italy, the same thing was done when a shop owner snapped pictures of two robbers. In Wales, doctors send photos of Xrays to consult a more experienced specialist about medical treatment for their patients. In Japan, the police have set up a website for citizens to send pictures of suspicious activities.
Now, newspaper reporters can use camera phones to take pictures of important events. They can then send the pictures to their newspaper office. As the quality of camera phone pictures increases, we can expect to see camera phones used more and normal cameras used less. More people are using their camera phones to take pictures of their trips, or just small unexpected things that happen in their daily lives. They can then send these pictures to friends anywhere.
However, camera phones have also been used to commit crimes. To prevent spying, these phones are not allowed in government buildings in the United Kingdom. Some car companies don't allow their employees to use their phones because they want to prevent some employees watching new car models and sensitive information secretly.
In Italy, to prevent dishonest voting, people are not allowed to use mobile phones while they vote. It appears that although there are many advantages to the new technology,
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（___），并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

We were assigned a composition but I was in good mood for it until this morning.
It is Sunday today, so I had a good sleep. When I get up, I had a strong desire
do something. So I set about doing the toughest thing -- writing a composition.
I had an extreme quick head and a good idea upon other rushed into my mind.
Before long I typed about 500 words. I skimmed through my work and was quite satisfying. It should be another model composition. I stretched myself, intend
to polish it after a rest, so something unexpected had happened: the power failed suddenly. And I forgot to save the file!
【参考答案】
一、语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。

屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学
家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。

1．but[考查连词。

空前语境为：青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。

根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，故用转折连词but。

]
2．is[考查时态和主谓一致。

根据该句中的“who uses the plant’s special power”可知，该句应用一般现在时。

又因主语为Tu Youyou，故用is。

]
3．to receive[考查动词不定式。

根据该句中的“the first native Chinese person”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作person的后置定语。

]
4．it[考查it的用法。

分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语to fight for the health of all humans作真正的主语，it作形式主语。

]
5．that/which[考查定语从句。

分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为medicine，空处在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导该定语从句。

] 6．medicines[考查名词的数。

根据该句中的them可以判断，空处应用复数形式。

]
7．by/on/at/in[考查介词。

by hand意为“用手”；on hand，at hand，in hand意为“在手头”。

根据语境可知这四个介词都对。

]
8．returned[考查时态。

根据下句的“Her little daughter didn’t recognize her”可知，这里陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

]
9．trying[考查非谓语动词。

spend time doing sth 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用trying。

]
10．from[考查动词短语。

suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。

]
二、完形填空
1—10、D B C D B C D A C D
11—20、A A C D D B A C C B
三、阅读理解
A、1—5、DACBA
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

介绍了英国伦敦的地标性建筑——约310米高的欧洲第一高楼——“碎片大厦”。

有人说这栋摩天大楼使伦敦看起来更漂亮，但更有批评意见一直伴随着大楼的诞生。

1．C解析：细节理解题。

由第二段中的“It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how the building got the name：the Shard.”可知，这栋楼的名字的由来是其外形像一块很薄、很锋利的碎玻璃片，因此选C项“它的形状”，而非它的“花费、尺寸或高度”。

2．B解析：细节理解题。

第二段中的Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition.(Piano说“碎片大厦”的尖顶外形是伦敦伟大传统的一部分。

)解释了设计师的想法，与B项“继承伦敦的传统”相吻合。

A项“改变伦敦的天际线”是结果而不是设计初衷，C项“模仿埃及风格”及D项“吸引潜在的游客”文中均未涉及。

3．B解析：细节理解题。

由第五段中的“Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel.”可知，谈到社会分化的批评家认
为“碎片大厦”是“专为有钱人设计的(is intended for wealthy people)”。

4．D解析：主旨大意题。

全文介绍了欧洲第一高楼——英国伦敦的“碎片大厦”。

由第一段的最后一句“However，not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.”可知，对于这个改变，毁誉参半，故D项“碎片大厦：更好的改变？”作为标题最为合适。

A项“碎片大厦：欢呼与掌声”只关注了支持者，不够全面。

C、见题干
四、任务型阅读
1．risen 2.entertainment 3.caught
4.specialists
5.importance
6.happening
7.Disadvantages8.illegal9.spy 10．dishonestly
五、短文改错
We were assigned a composition but I was in good mood for it until this morning.
no
It is Sunday today, so I had a good sleep. When I get up, I had a strong desire∧
got to
do something. So I set about doing the toughest thing -- writing a composition.
the
I had an extreme quick head and a good idea upon other rushed into my mind. extremely another
Before long I typed about 500 words. I skimmed through my work and was quite satisfying. It should be another model composition. I stretched myself, intend
satisfied intending
to polish it after a rest, so something unexpected had happened: the power failed
but
suddenly. And I forgot to save the file!
【附】单元重点知识点
I. 重点单词和词组
P. 31
Words: courtyard, balcony
Phrases: adjust to
P. 32
Words: exotic, distant, goods, scale, conflict, missionary, endeavour, anchor,
tight, seal, portable, container
Phrases: date back to, send away, bring back, become interested in, set...up, come across, large numbers of,
P. 33
Words: restriction, fluency, shave, botanist
Phrases: appeal to, be excited with, a variety of
P. 34
Words: lower, beard
Phrases: result in,
P. 35
Words: ripe, irrigation, weed, string, postpone, pyramid, monument
P. 36
Words: pitcher,
P. 37
Words: rot, pollinator
P. 38
Words: evolve, evolution, nectar, wasp, beetle, bat, moth, typical, petal, tube,
delicate, fragrant, daisy, odorless, dull, musty, fruity
Phrases: take place, adapt to, depend on, give out
II. 重点句型
见表1.1.7
III. 重点语法
复习非限制性定语从句：能理解非限制性定语从句的意义和功能，能正确区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别，从而正确使用非限制性定语从句。