2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市岳阳县第一中学英语高三第一学期期末达标检测试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷
注意事项
1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．Nowadays, the Internet is a popular ________ for the public to access information and voice their opinions.
A．track B．trend
C．channel D．lane
2．The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.
A．that B．where
C．which D．why
3．There’s another way to survive this competition -- a way no one ever seems to tell you about, _____ you have to learn for yourself.
A．one B．it C．that D．another
4．A firm from New Zealand has revealed a set of robotic legs which they claim will soon allow ________ wheelchair-bound people to walk again.
A．extremely B．previously C．actually D．eventually
5．—He is good at a lot of things but it doesn’t mean he is perfect.
— ___________ Actually no one is.
A．What’s going on?B．Let’s get going.
C．Thank goodness. D．I’m with you on that.
6．It is widely acknowledged in foreign companies that employees should be ________ in terms of innovation capability.
A．examined B．evolved
C．evaluated D．encouraged
7．Some warned that the step the US government has taken to cope with the current crisis is ________ much risk.
A．one of B．the one of C．the one D．that one
8．Although the test ________ look like a simple one, great care is needed.
A．may B．must C．should D．need
9．—Next Monday is my birthday.
—Is that so? ______
A．I can’t believe my ears.B．I’m so glad to hear that.
C．What presents do you want? D．Many happy returns of the day! 10．Last December China _____ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and opening-up.
A．distinguished B．sponsored
C．acknowledged D．evaluated
11．—What about asking these new graduates to take on the task?
—I m afraid not．While they are energetic and ambitious, _____ of them seems to be suitable for this demanding job．
A．no one B．everyone C．none D．few
12．lt was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina.
A．when B．that
C．before D．since
13．Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of ________.
A．inspiration B．composition C．occupation D．combination
14．John lives ________. He has a very small budget and little money to spend on clothes.
A．in the black B．on a shoestring
C．over the moon D．at the drop of a hat
15．It is obvious that John is unhappy. _________, it comes as no surprise that she has decided to change her job.
A．However B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．Therefore
16．________ a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, as far as most of its population is concerned, it is indeed a great sporting nation.
A．While B．as C．If D．Whether
17．—That's the third time you've done that!
—Yeah, _____?
A．what of it B．what’s on
C．what about D．what for
18．--- Do you think I should join the singing group, Mary?
--- ______ If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.
A．None of your business．B．It depends.
C．Why not? D．I don’t t hink so.
19．— The rent of our flat will see a 20% rise this year?
—Y es. That’s ______ I have compromised with the flat owner.
A．what B．where
C．how D．when
20．Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.
A．chased B．registered
C．offered D．compromised
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide.
As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies’ Association in London for the promotion of female educat ion in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls’ school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys’ school.
Mrs. Gutzlaff’s comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father’s friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff’s school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff’s S chool. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God.
1、How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff’s school?
A．Through his father’s friend’s help.
B．Through his own efforts to exams.
C．Through his father’s request.
D．Through Mrs. Gutzlaff’s influence.
2、Why did the author’s parents put him into an English sc hool？
A．An English school was more influential.
B．Foreign trade with China was developing fast.
C．It met with Chinese public opinion.
D．He could become a successful interpreter.
3、What did the author think of his parents’ decision to put him into an Englis h school? A．It was skeptical. B．It was mysterious.
C．It was thoughtful. D．It was wonderful.
22．（8分）The hit movie Notting Hill（诺丁山）begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says, “I’m so sorry. I’m so sorry.”
His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts’ character were from the Britain, than she would probably apologize repeatedly as well – even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesn’t h appen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.
A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street – regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, Britons use “sorry” i n many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say “Sorry?” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying, “No, I am sorry!” This can go on for up to five minutes as they compete over who is the most sorry.
Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in British class system. “We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also f or really being the upper class.” Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry!”
True manners are about being considerate, and today’s constan t use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry” has lost
some of its meaning.
Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.
1、Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning? A．To give an example of British modesty.
B．To introduce different ways of saying sorry.
C．To show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK.
D．To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.
2、Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrell agree with?
A．People should not apologize if they are not responsible.
B．Americans care less about manners than British people do.
C．That British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.
D．British people care too much about which social class they are from.
3、What can be inferred from the passage?
A．It’s unnecessary for British people to be so polite.
B．The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.
C．People should not stick to the traditional use of the word “sorry”.
D．Using “sorry” more doesn’t necessarily mean people are more polite.
4、What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explore the best way of saying sorry.
B．To explain why Britons overuse the word “sorry”.
C．To show how saying sorry has changed over time.
D．To suggest many British people lack traditional manners.
23．（8分）We humans spend about one-third of life asleep. Sleep helps us stay healthy, and it also helps our brain remember. Our brains need good sleep to remember what we do and learn during the other two thirds of our life when we are awake. Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good night’s sleep helps make us more intelligent.
Researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that sleep helps improve brain performance by shrinking synapses in the brain. A synapse is the area where cells pass messages to other cells.
Cirelli is a leading scientist at the school’s Center for Sleep and Consciousness. She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake
into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details. This forgetting is important. It makes space for new learning and new memories.
Cirelli said that the Center’s r esearch began with this hypothesis: We sleep so that our brain can repair and refresh itself. She said the idea seems simple and reasonable. However, testing and discovering how it works has been extremely difficult. Cirelli and Center director Giulio Tononi have been trying to prove the connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses since 2003. Cirelli said the researchers knew that “stronger synapses are also bigger.” So, they began their study by “measuring the size of the synapses” in the brain.
They also knew that during sleep, the brain checks on all its synapses and resets itself for the next day. The team wanted to see if the synapses of the brain are bigger after being awake all day and smaller after a good night’s sleep. Synapses are only about 20-40 nanometers wide. So, the team looked for changes in these already tiny spaces between nerve cells. The team had lo wail until improvements in laboratory technology made it possible to see these tiny changes.
Cirelli says they found that synapse size and strength are upset by being awake and restored by sleeping. She says our synapses shrink as our brains clean themselves during sleep. We wake up refreshed and ready to fill those synapses with new information.
1、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Sleep can only keep us healthy.
B．Sleep can help our brain function better.
C．Sleep can mix all the information.
D．Sleep can take up two-thirds of our life.
2、What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?
A．The measuring the size of the synapses.
B．The space for new learning and new memories.
C．The way our brain can repair and refresh itself.
D．The connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses.
24．（8分）We know that prescription drugs can be costly and we’re here to help. Over 60,000 independent and major retail pharmacies (零售药房) nationwide accept the Simple Savings Card. Find one near you.
• Simply download a free card from our site or choose to have one mailed directly
to you. The process is simple and, because it’s not insurance, everyone is eligible—there’s no qualification process.
• Print your Simple Savings Card and sign it. Now it’s ready to use.
• Present your card with your next prescription purchase and save up to 6000! Store your card and use it for each prescription purchase.
Because of our size and relationships within the pharmaceutical industry, we are able to negotiate lower prices on your behalf. We get paid by the pharmaceutical companies when you use your card-all while you save money.
Please note that you cannot use both your insurance card and the Simple Savings Card at the same time. If you have an insurance plan that covers the prescription you are purchasing, we recommend you use your insurance plan first. If you don’t ha ve insurance or if the drug you are purchasing is not covered by your insurance plan, you can use your Simple Savings Card.
You are just steps away from unlocking great savings on your prescription drugs. Simply complete the form to obtain your FREE Simple Savings Card. Or, you may request a card by phone. To speak to one of our helpful team members, call us at
800-451-0133.
1、88．The details given on this form mainly tell us ________.
A．how the Card works. B．how the Card discounts.
C．how the Card can be free. D．how the Card is purchased.
2、90．Which of the following is advised to use the Card?
A．The one who has no insurance plan.
B．The one who can find pharmacies near him.
C．The one who has a wide insurance coverage.
D．The one who wants to use the card with his insurance.
3、92．Which is true about the Simple Savings Card?
A．It is health insurance. B．It is a discount program.
C．It can be used with insurance car. D．It is accepted in hospitals.
25．（10分）In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.
Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their manufacturing (制造业) for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional servi ces. “The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible,” said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation (革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh’s educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.
Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80,000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.
However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. What’s more, high-paying jobs in education and h ealth care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So it’d be wise to find ways to increase the population.
1、In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?
A．Transforming new energy. B．Creating more well-paid jobs. C．Prohibiting the manufacturing. D．Sponsoring higher education.
2、How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?
A．By helping to attract more talents from other areas.
B．By providing much technical support to local companies.
C．By successfully keeping educated youths working locally.
D．By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.
3、Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．To show the disadvantage of a declining population.
B．To give a suggestion about increasing population.
C．To raise doubts about growing income per capita.
D．To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.
4、What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population Growth
B．How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech Economy
C．Why Some Cities are Losing People but Getting Wealthier
D．Why Some Cities are Suffering From a Shrinking Population
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I believe different people have experienced different adolescence.I must admit I was still an angry ______ in my first year of college.My ______ was that my parents didn't please me at all.
Our finances were ______，so I chose to go to a (n) ______ college and take a bus to classes every day. One day I had a(n) ______ fight with my father.We both exploded into shouts.I ______ out of the house and missed my bus to school.
I rushed all the way to school.As I ______ across the campus toward my class, I suddenly realized I didn't have the ______ that was due: a thought card.My professor asked us to ______ an index card with our names and the dates every Tuesday. ______ what was on the rest of the card, we could write a thought, a question or something else. Now, outside the door, ten minutes later, I took an index card. ______ to write something on it, I could only think about the ______ I'd just had with my dad.I wrote “I am the son of an idiot！”，then ______ into the room, and handed it to our professor.
Next day, our pro fessor ______ the thought cards and I ______ he wrote, “What does the ‘son of an idiot’ do with the rest of his life？” The professor's innocent­seeming question ______ me to the issue: whose problem is it? ______，my thinking began to shift.I realized that I had created a life ______ I was not a central figure!
The ______ of growth wasn't easy or fast. ______ later，from a struggling student, I became a successful student and then a successful teacher.
1、A．child B．adult C．adolescent D．student
2、A．temper B．anger C．mood D．pain
3、A．limited B．special C．practical D．fantastic
4、A．ordinary B．private C．local D．state
5、A．serious B．controversial C．unfriendly D．anxious
6、A．stormed B．wandered C．slipped D．stepped
7、A．leaped B．walked C．ran D．headed
8、A．duty B．assignment C．commitment D．material
9、A．take up B．put down C．hand out D．bring along
10、A．Due to B．Regardless of C．As for D．Thanks to
11、A．Concerned B．Desperate C．Excited D．Active
12、A．issue B．conversation C．dispute D．fight
13、A．poured B．entered C．dashed D．approached
14、A．gave back B．checked out C．put away D．passed on
15、A．explored B．recognized C．discovered D．ignored
16、A．awoke B．forced C．scared D．adjusted
17、A．Slowly B．Rapidly C．Generally D．Swiftly
18、A．what B．in which C．which D．that
19、A．process B．progress C．period D．challenge
20、A．Weeks B．Terms C．Months D．Y ears
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（15分）With the College Entrance Examination 1．(draw) near, I am too nervous 27．
2．(fall)asleep. My mother told me to take 3．easy and not to stay 4．late at night. She is very sensitive 5．other people’s feelings. My mother has a 6．(prefer) for cooking meals. She also told me it was bad to be particular 7．food. What she said was 8．(reason). I am always easily 9．(persuade). I’ll do some relaxing exercise, 10．may help me take the load off my mind. I’m sure I’ll calm down to meet the challenge with confidence.
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。

People always say that we lack of the eyes of realizing the beauty in life、I can’t agree complete、Last Friday, I woke up very early and decide to take a walk、In the square there many senior citizens were dancing, I found several elders bury in feeding birds、Without many cars, I realized the city looked so clean but beautiful、Some coffee shops were decorated pretty well, which attracted our eyes、The whole city was covered with green trees, making it green city、At this moment, I found the city was so interested、How I regret ignore its beauty before!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29．（25分）现在，越来越多的年轻人喜欢在网上点餐或打电话叫外卖，不愿意自己做饭，就这一现象结合下面的提示，写一篇短文，陈述现象；说明此现象的原因(至少2点）；你个人的看法和选择。

注意：（1)词数100左右；（2)行文连贯，语篇完整；（3)文中不得透露个人真实信息。

参考词汇：外卖店，外卖餐馆take-out restaurant
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参考答案
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1、C
2、B
3、A
4、B
5、D
6、C
7、A
8、A
9、D
10、C
11、C
12、B
13、A
14、B
15、D
16、A
17、A
18、C
19、B
20、A
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、A
2、D
3、B
22、1、D
2、C
3、D
4、B
23、1、B
2、C
24、1、88．A
2、90．A
3、92．B
25、1、B
2、C
3、A
4、C
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26、1、C
2、B
3、A
4、C
5、A
6、A
7、C
8、B
9、D
10、C
11、B
12、D
13、C
14、A
15、C
16、A
17、A
18、B
19、A
20、D
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1．drawing
2．to fall
3．it
4．up
5．to
6．preference
7．about/over
8．reasonable
9．persuaded
10．which
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28、
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29、Nowadays, a growing number of young people would rather order food on the Internet or call a take-out restaurant for meals than cook at home.
It’s not surprising for them to do so. For one thing, with th e pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, time is quite precious. In their eyes, it is unnecessary to take time to cook. For another thing, home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious, especially for those who are particular about food.
In my view, our health is closely related to what we eat. The busier we are, the more attention we should pay to food. Therefore, I prefer to cook food at home and go on a balanced diet.。