英文填词题答案与练习
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1.The title gives a good indication of what the article is about: the sixstumbling blocks in intercultural communication.
2.The opening paragraph serves as an introduction.
5.On the one hand, stereotypeshelp reduce the threat of the unknown by making the world predictable and in this way stereotypes increase our feeling of security when we are in a foreign country.On the other hand, stereotypesinterfere with objective viewing of stimuli and are therefore a stumbling block in intercultural communication.
4.The example gives the reader an immediate idea of how serious it will be if one fails in the nonverbal channel in intercultural communication.
5.The last paragraph severs as the conclusion part of the article. The quotation in the last paragraph not only wellestablishestheauthor’scredibilityortrustworthiness and authoritywith the reader, but also enhances the author’s own idea of how to be an effective intercultural communicator, and the appropriate use of quotation here also revealsone of the key characteristics ofaneffective writing, particularlyanargumentative writing.
Part II Selected Reading
Text A
Comprehension Check
Understanding subject
1.(3)Nonverbal misinterpretations.
(4)The presence of preconceptions and stereotypes.
3.The worst one isclinging to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language,regardless ofconnotation or context.
4.People from different cultures inhabit different sensory realities. They see, hear, feel and smell only that which has some meaning or importance to them. That is, they interpret nonverbal signs and symbols through the frame of reference oftheirown culture and this will most likely lead to misunderstandings.
Reflection Pond
1. This question requires a personal response.
2.Ethnocentrismrefers to the tendency to see your own culture as the center of the universe, the one and only true reality. You use your own group and your own customs as the standard for all judgments.For example, when people who don’teat porkfirst encounter people who grow up in cultures where everyone considerseatingpork normal, the tendency of the former will assume that it is wrong and disgusting to eat pork, rather than to look at it objectively as a custom that is simply different.The communication strategy most appropriate toavoid being ethnocentric isempathy,to see things from the point of view of others so that you can better know and adjust to the other people.
8.This question requires a personal response.
9.This question requires a personal response.
10.This question is intended for discussion.
Examining technique and style
7.When going abroadwe are attacked by verbal, nonverbal, physical and psychological stimuli often very different from the stimuli we are used to. This causes us to have stress and anxiety.
我们应该在此献身于我们面前所留存的伟大工作由于他们的光荣牺牲我们要更坚定地致力于他们曾作最后全部贡献的那个事业我们在此立志誓愿不能让他们白白死去要使这个国家在上帝庇佑之下得到新生的自由要使那民有民治民享的政府不致从地球上消失
GaoLili Answer Key to Unit One
Part I Reading Guidelines
Reading Practice 1
first
Reading Practice 2
2
Reading Practice 3
One of the newly and rapidly developing telecommunication technologies, the Internet, is bringing a new form of communication:intercultural computer-mediated communicationto many people around the world.
3. This question requires a personal response.
4. (1)F (2)F (3)T (4)F (5)T (6)F (7)F (8) T
6.This question requires a personal response.
Text B
Comprehension Check
Reading Practice 4
4
Reading Practice 5
培根《论读书》王佐良先生译
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只需大体涉猎者，少数则需全读，读时需全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者需记忆特强，不常讨论者需天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。
3.The italicized lines atthebeginning of paragraph 2, 8, 9, 11, 14 and 17 function as subheadings, which reveal the theme, the main idea or the message the author is going to convey in the following paragraph or paragraphs.
(5)Tendency to evaluate.
(6)High anxiety (tension/stress).
2.…there are sufficient similarities among peoples of the world to make communication easily and being human and having common requirements of food, shelter and so on makes everyone alike. It’s comforting tobelieve that “people are people” and “deep down we’re all alike.”
Understanding subject
1.In thisessay, George Orwell explains the direct relationship between politics and the use of language in a community.
2.(1)Dying metaphors:worn out clichés that originally were fresh metaphors.
6.We need to be open-minded and examine attitudes and behaviorsfrom the other’s point of view, rather thanapprove or disapprove of the statements and actions of the other person or groupbased on our own culture and way of life.ordy phrases that could be single words.
(3)Pretentious diction:wraps what could be clarified in a hazy vagueness.
(4)Meaningless words:abstractions that are so open to interpretation that they don’t say anything precise anymore, although once they might have.
2.The opening paragraph serves as an introduction.
5.On the one hand, stereotypeshelp reduce the threat of the unknown by making the world predictable and in this way stereotypes increase our feeling of security when we are in a foreign country.On the other hand, stereotypesinterfere with objective viewing of stimuli and are therefore a stumbling block in intercultural communication.
4.The example gives the reader an immediate idea of how serious it will be if one fails in the nonverbal channel in intercultural communication.
5.The last paragraph severs as the conclusion part of the article. The quotation in the last paragraph not only wellestablishestheauthor’scredibilityortrustworthiness and authoritywith the reader, but also enhances the author’s own idea of how to be an effective intercultural communicator, and the appropriate use of quotation here also revealsone of the key characteristics ofaneffective writing, particularlyanargumentative writing.
Part II Selected Reading
Text A
Comprehension Check
Understanding subject
1.(3)Nonverbal misinterpretations.
(4)The presence of preconceptions and stereotypes.
3.The worst one isclinging to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language,regardless ofconnotation or context.
4.People from different cultures inhabit different sensory realities. They see, hear, feel and smell only that which has some meaning or importance to them. That is, they interpret nonverbal signs and symbols through the frame of reference oftheirown culture and this will most likely lead to misunderstandings.
Reflection Pond
1. This question requires a personal response.
2.Ethnocentrismrefers to the tendency to see your own culture as the center of the universe, the one and only true reality. You use your own group and your own customs as the standard for all judgments.For example, when people who don’teat porkfirst encounter people who grow up in cultures where everyone considerseatingpork normal, the tendency of the former will assume that it is wrong and disgusting to eat pork, rather than to look at it objectively as a custom that is simply different.The communication strategy most appropriate toavoid being ethnocentric isempathy,to see things from the point of view of others so that you can better know and adjust to the other people.
8.This question requires a personal response.
9.This question requires a personal response.
10.This question is intended for discussion.
Examining technique and style
7.When going abroadwe are attacked by verbal, nonverbal, physical and psychological stimuli often very different from the stimuli we are used to. This causes us to have stress and anxiety.
我们应该在此献身于我们面前所留存的伟大工作由于他们的光荣牺牲我们要更坚定地致力于他们曾作最后全部贡献的那个事业我们在此立志誓愿不能让他们白白死去要使这个国家在上帝庇佑之下得到新生的自由要使那民有民治民享的政府不致从地球上消失
GaoLili Answer Key to Unit One
Part I Reading Guidelines
Reading Practice 1
first
Reading Practice 2
2
Reading Practice 3
One of the newly and rapidly developing telecommunication technologies, the Internet, is bringing a new form of communication:intercultural computer-mediated communicationto many people around the world.
3. This question requires a personal response.
4. (1)F (2)F (3)T (4)F (5)T (6)F (7)F (8) T
6.This question requires a personal response.
Text B
Comprehension Check
Reading Practice 4
4
Reading Practice 5
培根《论读书》王佐良先生译
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只需大体涉猎者，少数则需全读，读时需全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者需记忆特强，不常讨论者需天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。
3.The italicized lines atthebeginning of paragraph 2, 8, 9, 11, 14 and 17 function as subheadings, which reveal the theme, the main idea or the message the author is going to convey in the following paragraph or paragraphs.
(5)Tendency to evaluate.
(6)High anxiety (tension/stress).
2.…there are sufficient similarities among peoples of the world to make communication easily and being human and having common requirements of food, shelter and so on makes everyone alike. It’s comforting tobelieve that “people are people” and “deep down we’re all alike.”
Understanding subject
1.In thisessay, George Orwell explains the direct relationship between politics and the use of language in a community.
2.(1)Dying metaphors:worn out clichés that originally were fresh metaphors.
6.We need to be open-minded and examine attitudes and behaviorsfrom the other’s point of view, rather thanapprove or disapprove of the statements and actions of the other person or groupbased on our own culture and way of life.ordy phrases that could be single words.
(3)Pretentious diction:wraps what could be clarified in a hazy vagueness.
(4)Meaningless words:abstractions that are so open to interpretation that they don’t say anything precise anymore, although once they might have.