2020-2021学年福建省政和第一中学政和一中高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案

2020-2021学年福建省政和第一中学政和一中高三英语上学期期末考
试试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Older adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.
Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.
The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.
As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease（冠心病）, and other conditions.
A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.
The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.
The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.
―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.
1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. difficult
B. disordered
C. dissolved
D. different
2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?
A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.
B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.
C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.
D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.
3. What can we infer from the study?
A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.
B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.
C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.
D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.
B
Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep our brains clear out the memories we’ve made while we’re awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.
They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep period — or active sleep when we are thought to dream — special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period, while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.
The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory — that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.
When asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience
research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Prior to this work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.
4. What can we infer from paragraph 1?
A. Forgetting is a passive process.
B. The forgetting process is known to us.
C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.
D. Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.
5. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. REM sleep patterns.
B. Past researches.
C. MCH neurons.
D. A range of functions.
6. Why did Kilduff’s team conduct the research?
A. To publish the study in the journal Science.
B. To know more about Alzheimer’s disease.
C. To contribute to human’s forgetting.
D. To explore our everyday lives.
7. What can we know about MCH?
A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns .
B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.
C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.
D. MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.
C
TOKYO—Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga told the media on Monday if any places hosting events of the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics declare a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 epidemic during the games, the events will continue to beheld but without spectators (观众). With one month to go before the games are due to begin on July 23, Suga is again showing his administration’s determination to hold the Olympic Games as planned, despite so much pressure from various parties urging it tocancel the event.
Although the Japanese government regards the Tokyo Olympics as an important opportunity to improve its soft power, the Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games has been continuously dented (挫伤) since they
were postponed last year. The resurgence (再猖獗) of the novel coronavirus in some places is Japan in recent months has cast a shadow over people’s confidence that the Olympics will not give rise to new clusters (群) of infections, and there are fears that the Games will provide new channels for the virus’ global transmission.
Some torchbearers from Japan have withdrawn from the Olympic torch relay in the country. And the latest survey indicates only 34 percent of Japanese people support holding the games as scheduled. Predictably, the Suga administration will do all it can to try to ensure the games go ahead. But it remains to be seen whether it can stand the tests of the uncertainties related to epidemic prevention and control that might happen during the Games.
Since it has not yet got the virus under control at home, the people have reasons to question is ability to deal with the prevention and control work when large numbers of participants will be flocking to Japan from around the world in a short time. It is to be hoped that Japan can draw lessons from the organization of epidemic prevention and control work during the ongoing UEFA European Championship, carry out strict epidemic prevention and control measures, and be prepared for emergencies to guarantee the safety and success of the Olympics at this special time.
It should be a common wish of the whole world that the Tokyo Olympics can become a stage showing unity and resolve of human beings in their fight against the virus. That willendowthe games with special meaning beyond sports.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The virus’ global transmission.
B. People’ worry about the infections.
C. The resurgence of the novel coronavirus.
D. The benefit of holding the Tokyo Olympics.
9. How do about one third of Japanese people like holding the games as planned?
A. Uncertain.
B. Negative.
C. Approving.
D. Indifferent.
10. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “endow” in the last paragraph?
A. Compare.
B. Equip.
C. Provide.
D. Charge.
11. What can be the best title for the news report?
A. Japan can ensure Olympics go ahead
B. Olympics big test for Japanese government
C. Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games
D. Japan to carry out strict epidemic prevention during the Games
D
Richard Campbell is a secondary school student. He is15 years old. He lives in a small town in the north ofEngland. Every morning, he gets up at eight o’clock, puts on his uniform and walks to school.
One hour later, the lessons start. The students usually study maths, English, history and geography in the morning. They usually study music and drawing and they play sports after lunch. They have a ten-minute break between classes. They also spend a long time in the school library, reading books and doing their homework.
Richard likes his school very much. His favourite subjects are English and geography, but he doesn’t like maths because he is not good at it.
Richard and all his friends spend the whole day at school. Lunch is at one o’clock. He doesn’t like the food that the school serves. This is why he often brings a packed lunch from home. He always has his lunch in the dining hall, but some of his friends sometimes eat in the courtyard or outside the school gate.
At weekends, he always goes out with his friends because he doesn’t go to school. On Saturday, he always goes to the cinema or to the sports centre. On Sunday, he just goes for a walk with his dog.
12. What time do Richard’s lessons begin in the morning?
A. At 8:00.
B. At 8:30.
C. At 9:00.
D. At 9:10.
13. What does Richard like best?
A. Maths and English.
B. English and geography.
C. History and maths.
D. Geography and history.
14. Where does Richard have lunch on weekdays?
A. In the dining hall.
B. At home.
C. In the courtyard.
D. Outside his school gate.
15. What does Richard always do on Saturday?
A. He reads and does homework.
B. He goes to see films or does sports.
C. He walks his dog or does exercise.
D. He spends a long time in the library.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Finding Your Hidden Talents
●___16___What sorts of things do you like to read about, watch or do? What are your favorite shows on television? Which column of the newspaper and magazines do you like to read? To know what you are interested in is the first step towards finding your hidden talents.
● Try out different things.If you want to find out your dexterity (灵巧) in each of the thingsthat interest you, then try them out.___17___. Locate a safe environment, where you can try out different things without anybody’s interference (干扰).
●Find your passion（激情）___18___. However, there will be only a thing or two, which you are passionate about. What is the one thing that you love to do the most, with most enthusiasm (热情)? Get the answer to the question and you will come to know what exactly you are passionate about.
●Improve yourselfAfter you come to know about the areas of your interest, it is the time to improve yourself. Read lots of books and learn from people. One of the best ways to learn something is to teach.___19___. This will help increase your depth of knowledge. In this process, you will be able to discover all your hidden talents.
●Know your limits.In the process of finding your strengths or talents, you should not ignore your weaknesses as well.___20___. Know what makes you struggle. You will then come to know about your talents as well as the areas that you need to work on.
A. Find your interests.
B. Know your strengths.
C. Therefore, teach what you have learnt.
D. You may be a person of various interests.
E. Carry out experiments and explore things.
F. It needs observation and analysis（分析）of one’s own self.
G. Find out the thingswhich you are not good at.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When I was two years old, I lost my father forever, who had a traffic accident and passed away. Three years later, my mother____21____from serious health problems, leaving me to care for her. This____22____reversed (翻转)our roles as child and caretaker. While I knew my mother was sick, I____23____that everything would be okay.____24____, in 1997 everything went terribly____25____, and my life changed forever.
Adoption(收养) is a(n)____26____word to a five-year-old child, but when I realized that my mother had
signed me over to____27____, I felt it was the ultimate betrayal(背叛). I suffered from shock,____28____, and confusion as I attempted to____29____my new family. I did learn to love my new parents though I couldn't_____30_____my mother for betraying me. Hearing people tell me that she did it in my best interest and that she actually loved me, I felt even bitter. I firmly believed that_____31_____she had truly loved me she would have made it work for our little family.
However, the older I got, the more I began to understand how_____32_____our situation had been. We had been_____33_____boxes of noodles. I have started to understand the_____34_____she put me up for adoption, and that she really did save me.
Only recently have I begun to_____35_____how a mother could give her child to strangers, and Irealize now what a sacrifice(牺牲) it must have been for her to let me go. She was_____36_____, but even in her state she understood that she was pulling me down with her. She loved me_____37_____anything, so she wanted me to have a chance in life, one she realized she could no longer_____38_____me. When I look back now, I am_____39_____to her. Even though I hated her for a long time, I now know my life has been a special gift only because she was_____40_____enough to give me up.
21. A. recovered B. suffered C. benefited D. prevented
22. A. connection B. direction C. occupation D. situation
23. A. recognized B. explained C. admitted D. believed
24. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
25. A. well B. wrong C. mad D. common
26. A. exact B. right C. warm D. foreign
27. A. strangers B. cousins C. friends D. neighbors
28. A. cold B. hunger C. tiredness D. anger
29. A. adjust to B. worry about C. give up D. search for
30. A. forgive B. convince C. represent D. consult
31. A. although B. If C. since D. unless
32. A. familiar B. simple C. terrible D. independent
33. A. throwing away B. charging for C. surviving on D. dreaming of
34. A. reasons B. risks C. rules D. results
35. A. remember B. understand C. ignore D. describe
36. A. upset B. polite C. sick D. calm
37. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
38. A. offer B. lend C. control D. teach
39. A. similar B. grateful C. equal D. rude
40. A. curious B. patient C. modest D. selfless
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
If there is one thing in life that we could choose not to experience, it is the death of someone we love.___41.___(lose) a friend or family member is heartbreaking and hard to accept, but how we deal with it, and how we "move on” , changes from person to person.
Sometimes we feel___42.___passing of a loved one has come too soon. Our first reaction is to feel very sad, and even though we may soon___43.___(encourage) to accept and let go. But feeling of great sadness is a very natural, human response to loss and can take the form of many___44.___(expected) emotions, from shock to anger and disbelief.
When someone dies, we may try to put on a brave face and hide our___45.___(feeling). But you can talk to them in your head, write them a letter or share memories with other people who knew them. Some people choose to make a more permanent reminder___46.___someone by getting a tattoo. Dr John Troyer fromBathUniversitytold the BBC: "You can have a continuing bond with the dead... I think it's a very important way for people to come to terms with the fact___47.___someone has left. "
Whatever approach you take to grieving and to keeping someone's memory alive,___48.___(final) , the physical aching and pain caused by the loss of a loved one will go down. But the memories of that person and the times we shared can stay with us forever.___49.___the singer and songwriter Patti Smith said, “Loss____50.____(be) something that we never get over. "
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last year I went to seaside to spend my summer holiday with my family. We stay there for about two weeks. The weather was much more hotter than that in my hometown, but I got used to it. Every morning, I got up early but went for a breakfast ahead of time. Then I went to the beach and talked with John, that was my new friend and I came across him in my first morning there. John was warm-hearted and she seemed to be very familiarly with the seaside village. Soon we became very good friend. We have kept write to each other ever since then.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.Teen Times正在组织关于生活方式的征文活动。

请你以Have a healthy lifestyle为题写一篇短文参加本次活动，内容包括:
1.不同的生活方式;
2.你的选择和原因。

注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.题目和首句已为你写好。

Have a healthy lifestyle
There are different lifestyles.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________
参考答案
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
16. A 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G
21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32.
C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. Losing
42. the 43. be encouraged
44. unexpected
45. feelings
46. of 47. that
48. finally
49. As 50. is
51.(1).seaside前添the
(2).stay→stayed
(3).more去掉
(4).went前but→and
(5).that→who
(6).in→on
(7).she→he
(8).familiarly→familiar
(9).friend→friends
(10).write→writing 52.略。