定语从句讲解和练习

知识讲解

一、定语从句：

用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面，这个名词或代词叫先行词，关系代词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语、定语等。

（一）只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

1.在不定代词如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，用that，不用which。

2.先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that。

3.先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.

4.先行词既有人，又有物时。

（二）引导词作宾语时可以省略。例如：

Did you seen the book (that) I gave you ？

你看到了我给你的那本书了吗？

（三）引导词在定语从句中作主语，不能省略。例如：

Do you know the man who is speaking to your father

你认识那个在和你爸爸说话的人吗？

选出正确的关系代词或关系副词的关键：

①看所修饰的是人还是物；

②看它所代表的先行词在定语从句中做什么成分。

例如：

1.Do you know the man who/that sells eggs to me?

认识卖给我鸡蛋的那个人吗？

（所修饰的词是“the man”，在从句中作主语，用who/ that）

2.This is the book (which / that) you wanted.

这正是你要的书。

(先行词是物，用which/that，在从句中作宾语，可省)

3.Do you know the boy whose father is a doctor?

你认识父亲是医生的那个男孩儿吗？

(先行词是人，whose代表“男孩的”，在从句中作定语)

4.Do you remember the year when we were hungry every day？

你还记得我们经常挨饿的那一年吗？

(先行词是时间，when相当于in the year，在从句中作时间状语）

5.Do you know the reason why she didn’t come to our party？

你知道他没有参加我们聚会的原因吗？

(先行词是原因，why相当于for the reason，在从句中作原因状语）总而言之就是,一般如果修饰的是人就用who作主语,即有人又有物就是that,地点是where,时间when等等

课堂巩固

一、请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)

1.Check the ways you study for an English test.

2.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.

3.You couldn’t understand people who talked fast.

4.I have some ideas that may help.

二、选择与分析

1.Is that the man_______helped us a lot after the earthquake?

A.which

B.who

C.whom

【B】首先确定先行词，句中先行词为the man, 再看先行词在从句中作什么成分，

因为关系词需要做helped的主语,故选who.注意：用which时,先行词只能是物；而whom只能做宾语.

2. I'll always remember the people _____have helped me.

A.who

B.what

C.which

D.where

【A】先确定先行词，表示人的先行词the people可排除B、C、D三项,故选A.

3.—Where did you go last week?

—I went to Lu xun's hometown and visited the house________he was born in.

A.that

B.there

C.who

D.whose

【A】上个星期你去哪了?——我去了鲁迅的家乡,参观了她出生的地方.先行词"that"修饰"house",故本题选A.

4.Beijing is the 29th city_______holds the Olympic Games.

A.where

B.that

C.which

D.what

【B】通过对题干的分析可知,先行词指物,且先行词前有序数词修饰时引导词只能用that, 故选B.

5.—Do you know the man________is running along the street?

—Yes. He is our English teacher.

A.who

B.which

C.whom

【A】考查定语从句.先行词是the man, 且关系代词在从句中作主语,故答案为A

6.—Where is the scientist _______gave us the talk yesterday?

A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

【B】该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.