艺体、专科 《大学英语》《精读英语》(四)

艺体、专科《大学英语》《精读英语》(四)V ocabulary and StructureDirections：From the choices given，choose the ONE that is closest in meaning to the italicized part in the sentence．1. Just before taking off, the pilot once more asked about weather conditions.a. inquiredb. requiredc. requestedd. demanded2. The driver stopped at the crossroad as the traffic lights flashed red.a. pulled offb. pulled upc. pulled awayd. pulled round3. The other houses nearby got old and shabby，and that reduced the value of his house．a. cut outb. cut upc. cut intod. cut off4. Foreigners can change their money into the local currency at this bank．a. transformb. alterc. varyd. convert5. After several days‟ discussion，the committee developed a plan to encourage the export of industrial products．a. extendedb. enlargedc. conceived d．realized6. Exchanges of surplus products between individuals created private property．a. gave birth to b．resultedc. gave way to d．generated7. “Only a naive person would believe such a s tory about intelligent beings from outer space visiting the earth，”said Jason．a. credibleb. innocentc. credulous d．ignorant8. Do you really think that he is justified in receiving kickbacks（回扣）in business dealings?a. has good reasons forb. is inexcusable inc. is privileged tod. has legal protection in9. The method I shall summarize below is the one I have found most successful.a .outline b. describe c. elaborate d．expound10．There is less crime now than there used to be．It seems that there is a fall in the crime rate．a. slopeb. descentc. inclined. decline11.It is bad policy for the developing countries to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.a. accelerateb. furtherc. discourage d．weaken12. Mr．Cronin denied ever having made any statement to that effect.a. disapprovedb. refused to admitc. disproved d．denounced13. He nodded his head instead of saying anything lest his voice should betray him．a. reveal his real identityb. tell his real intentionc. fail himd. embarrass him14. The company wanted to close down the railway line，but the local residents objected．a. rejectedb. opposedc. disregardedd. defied15.He could scarcely resist taking another drink of the delicious wine，but remembering the doctor's advice，he refrained.a. held himself backb. retreatedc. avoidedd. withdrew16. Ann left off sobbing at last，and dried her eyes with her handkerchief.a. stoppedb. went awayc. continuedd. started17. She dieted（节食）constantly to keep her youthful figure.a. reserveb. preservec. trimd. restrain18. She was tired of continual trips to the grocery，school and office.a. continuousb. continuedc. repeatedd. constant19. Since all the airline tickets were sold out，we were obliged to stay in the cityfor two more days．a. were constrained tob. had toc. were grateful tod. were persuaded to20. A person tends to overlook his own shortcomings though he may see others' shortcomings easily．a. overseeb. look overc. forgived. fail to see21. She undertook to verify（核实）the true source of the rumor．a. decidedb. triedc. refusedd. promised22. He had to withdraw from the presidential race because of the scandal．a. quitb. retreat fromc. depart fromd. flee23．Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery．a. of little importanceb. of critical importancec. necessaryd. unnecessary24. As is expected，the report has caused acute embarrassment to the government．a. greatb. shrewdc. slightd. obvious25. The sound of the drums was distinct even from a distance．a. definiteb. clearc. sharpd. edible26. All their customs and cultures have made a very significant contribution tothe way we live．a. indicativeb. importantc. negligibled. permanent27. John breezed through his English and history，but he made a mess of themath exam．a. made his mark in b．made a point of c. did badly in d．neglected28. All his attention was focused on one thing only—how to solve the problemof funds．a. paidb. collectedc. gotd. concentrated29. We won the contract，but only through a lot of tough negotiating（谈判）．a. violentb. uncompromisingc. roughd. hardening30. The eight-turbine generators will have a capacity of 1，000 million kilowatt hours．a. capabilityb. competencec. maximum output d．volume31. We should create a＿environment for learning English．A) faithful B) falseC) favorite D) favorable32. This wild flower is called by＿names in my hometown.A）various B) variableC）separate D)sensitive33. Arguing about small details＿them a lot of time and so some of the people left before the meeting ended．A) spent B）took C）charged D）paid34. Don‟t look up in the dictionary every new word that you___in reading.A) come across B）come about C）come along．D）come up with35. Because he was fired last week，he has to＿another job now．A）seal B）seize C）seek D) share36. You should be careful and stand＿guard against the same mistake．A) up B) at C）with D）on37. On American highways the speed___ is usually 70 miles an hour．A）permission B）limit C）control D）condition38. In such a case I‟d better give up the route I had＿planned about my traveling．A）presently B）originally C）firstly D）lastly39. The current___ is that people all over the world are for peace and against war.A) trend B）tradition C）course D）cause40. As he is always busy with academic studies，he can hardly find time for his＿A) habits B）hobbies C) affairs D）instance41. 1 am trying to gather almost all the data that is＿the topic．A) compared to B）composed of C) related to D）regarded to42. Hurry up，＿you‟11 miss the last train to town．A）otherwise B) so C）but D) and43. The young teacher＿her pupil for being lazy．A) accused B) chargedC) blamed D) complained44. He has changed a lot since I saw him last．I can hardly＿him．A) receive B) recite C) realize D）recognize45. The meeting started on time. Thirty minutes ____ the chairman declared it closed.A) after B) later C) late D）latter46. The retired worker lives by himself on the state pension but he does not feel____A）along B）alone C）lonely D）lively47.The problem of widespread unemployment is rather serious, so the local government has taken effective steps to＿it．A）put out B）set aside C）deal with D）meet with48. The engineer was under great pressure and eventually he＿．A）broke down B）broke up C）broke off D）broke away49. I must say that she is a singer of＿talent. 1 like her very much.A）scarce B）general C）normal D）extraordinary50. She is indeed too tall＿the fact she is a promising young dancer.A）except B）in spite of C）besides D）except for51. Please inform me of the time＿Flight A 45321 takes off from London.A) which B) why C) as D）when52. The accident is reported＿＿at dawn this morning，killing about ten people.A) to have occurred B）to have been occurredC）occurred D）occurring53. He has a large collection of novels, ____are in English．A）many in which B）many books of which C）many of which D）many one of which54.This composition is indeed very good. I‟m afraid that he ____it himself within 25 minutes．A) won‟t ha ve written B）can‟t have writtenC) mustn‟t have written D）shouldn‟t have written55.____smart you may be, you are expected to be modest．A) No matter what B）No matter when C) No matter how D) No matter why56. As a member，he tried hard to make his voice _____in the committee．A) heard B）hear C) hearing D) be heard57. Only after he was sent to prison＿how serious his crime was.A) he came to know B) has he come to knowC) he has come to know D）did he come to know58. _____his homework，the school boy dashed to the playground to join his friends in the game.A) Finished B）With finishing C) Finishing D) To finish59. All the employees in the company know＿the boss says is always right.A) what B) why C) how D）that60. As we felt the ground＿to shake，we all hurried out and stood in the open．A) to begin B) begunC）has begun D）begin61. He considers＿an MA program after graduation in two years．A）taking B）to take C) took D) taken62. As a rule Mr．Smith went for a walk after supper，＿by a white lapdog．A) following B) followed C) to follow D) having followed63. We＿the final of the National Cup on TV when power failure came．A) are watching B) watched C) were watching D) watch64. The old gentleman seemed＿in reading the newspaper on the wall of the library.A) to absorb B) being absorbed C) absorbing D) to be absorbed65. ____has something to do with his odd character．A）That she does not like him B）She does not like himC）What she does not like him D）She did not like him66．The burglary（盗窃）____before I arrived at the office；all I could do was to call the police．A）has occurred B）had occurred C）was occurring D）would occur67.It was the powerful mine____ killed a group of the enemy．A)which B）who C)what D）that68. The hostess insisted that everyone present＿a short speech of congratulation．A) would give B）must give C) give D）gave69. She devoted her life to helping____.A) poor B）the poor C）the poors D）poors70. I think it is about time we ____our journey to the sea shore．A) should start B) started C) start D) are starting71. The teacher lost his____ when the monitor told him that six students were absent．A) mind B) temptation C) sense D）temper72. I‟ve been so busy recently that I don‟t know who has been ___the US president．A）elected B) singled out C) chosen D) picked up73. What a pity！There are no tickets____ for the coming concert．A）approachable B) advisable C）accessible D）available74. She was so____ in reading the novel that she didn‟t hear the bell ringing．A）concentrated B) absorbed C) attracted D）drawn75. When I saw these old photos，I couldn‟t help____ what had happened ten years before．A) reminding B) recalling C) recognizing D) reserving76. The company has promised to______ no efforts on the cooperation with us．A）spare B) save C) share D) make77. _____, it looked simple．But，in fact，it was rather complicated．A) Firstly B）At first sight C）To begin with D) From the beginning78. It was not a grand occasion，so we were allowed to wear _____clothes．A）formal B）casual C) simple D）plain79. Movies，sports and music are forms of ___.They help us relax．A）entertainment B) advertisement C）commitment D) agreement80. It was the technician‟s carelessness that ____ the accident．A) put off B) brought in C）led into D) resulted in81. Yesterday I bought a new tie to ____ this green shirt．A) go after B) go with C) go on D）go by82. The cat was playing with a(n)____mouse．A) alive B) live C) living D) lively83. It is＿of Jane to often forget where she puts her things．A）typical B) individual C) peculiar D) particular84. Mum took＿of the fine weather to do washing on Saturday morning.A）chance B) advantage C) effect D) interest85. The patient felt much！better，so the doctor＿him to take a holiday by the sea.A) suggested B）considered C) advised D) accepted86. Try some of the cake．I＿it especially for you．A) baked B) cooked C) fried D) boiled87. The teacher told the students that they should review their lessons at ____intervals．A) proper B) regular C）adequate D) moderate88. Be＿．You can‟t expect such a small child to d o all the work on his own．A）honest. B）serious C) logical D）reasonable89. You have to buy some new shoes as these are____.A) worn out B) broken down C）used up D）sold out90. Because this picture is not genuine，it is completely＿.A）priceless B）worthless C）valuable D）invaluable91.Human beings are superior to animals＿they can use language as a tool to communicate．A）in which B）in that C）for which D）for that92.Your mobile phone needs___ .You‟d better have it done tomorrow．A）repaired B）to repair C）repairing D）being repaired93. By the end of this term，we surely ____ the first eight units．A）have finished B）had finished C）will be finishing D）will have finished94. How many hours you spend in learning English ____how well you can learn it.A）decide B）decides C）deciding D）to decide95. It‟s raining heavily．I‟d rather you＿＿to meet me．A) don‟t come B) did not come C）won‟t come D) not come96. They were all very tired，but＿of them would stop to take a rest．A) any B) none C) some D) neither97. Television is another major means of communication，____us to see as well as____ the performers．A) permitting；to hear B) permitting；hearing C) to permit；to hear D) to permit；hearing98. The heavy rain＿，the students went on planting trees．A) had stopped B) stopped C）having stopped D) being stopped99.＿yesterday＿＿I learned that the famous scholar would give a lecture on IT industry．A) It was not until；when B) It was until；that C) It was not until；that D）It was until；then100.Whenever a pupil makes a mistake，teachers should show him how to correct it____ punish him．A）other than B）rather than C) sooner than D）or ratherReading comprehension(Directions：Choose the best answer for each of the questions or unfinished statements after reading the passages.) Passage OneToday television is one of the most popular forms of entertainment in the home．Some people in places where television reception is good may think that television has taken the place of radio．Television，however，is actually a kind of radio．It uses special equipment for sending and receiving the picture．The television sound system uses the same type of equipment that is used in other forms of radio．Exchanging messages with ships at sea was one of the first uses of radio．Modern radio is still used for this purpose and for communication across oceans．On land radio provides a means of instant communication even with moving vehicles such as taxicabs or service trucks．Police forces use two-way radio to get information to and from officers in squad cars（警备车）and on motorcycles．Small portable sets make it possible to communicate with a central exchange while walking or riding in a city or over a rural area．Observers in airplanes can report traffic accidents，and traffic jams by radio to police officers on the ground．Radiotelephones are used in many places．Connection with the regular telephone service can be provided for boats，trains and cars．Isolated places in deserts，forests，and mountainous regions are linked by radiotelephone in many parts of the world．Thus by means of radio people can communicate with others wherever service provided.1. According to the passage，television____.A) has taken the place of radio B) is no longer popular in the homeC）can be regarded as a kind of radio D）has nothing in common with radio2. In paragraph two，“this purpose”refers to＿．A）exchanging messages with ships at seaB）communicating across oceansC）sending and receiving the pictureD）instant communication with moving vehicles3. According to the passage，radio is used in the following ways EXCEPT_____.A) at sea B）on land C) in the air D) underground4. The word“Isolated”in the last paragraph means_____.A) sandy and mountainous B）clean and not pollutedC) without any living things D)separate or distant5. The best title for the passage is____.A）Television and Radio B）Radio and Its UsesC）Radio and Radiotelephone D) Modern CommunicationPassage TwoThe dog，called Prince，was an intelligent animal and a slave to Williams．From morning till night，when Williams was at home，Prince never left his sight，practically ignoring all other members of the family．The dog had a number of clearly defined duties，for which Williams had patiently trained him and，like the good pupil he was，Prince lived for the chance to demonstrate his abilities．When Williams wanted to put on his boots，he would murmur“Boots”and within seconds the dog would drop them at his feet．At nine every morning Prince ran off to the general store in the village，returning shortly not only with Williams‟s daily paper but with a half-ounce packet of Williams‟s favorite tobacco，John Rhiney‟s Mixed．A gun-dog(猎狗）by breed，Prince possessed a large soft mouth specially evolved（进化）for the safe carrying of hunted creature，so the paper and the tobacco came to no harm，never even showing a tooth mark．Williams was a railway man，an engine driver，and he wore a blue uniform which smelled of oil fuel ．He had no work at odd times-“days”，“late days”or“nights”．Over the years Prince got to know these periods of work and rest，knew when his master would leave the house and return，and the dog did not waste this knowledge．If Williams overslept，as he often did，Prince barked at the bedroom door until he woke，much to the annoyance of the family．On his return，Williams‟s slippers were brought to him，the paper and tobacco too if previously undelivered．A curious thing happened to Williams during the snow and the ice of last winter．One evening he slipped and fell on the icy pavement somewhere between the village and his home．He was so badly shaken that he stayed in bed for three days and not until he got up and dressed again did he discover that he had lost his wallet containing over fifty pounds．The house was turned upside down in the search，but the wallet was not found．However，two days later-that was five days after the fall-Prince dropped the wallet into Williams‟s hand．V ery muddy，dirty and wet through，the little case still contained fifty-three pounds，Williams‟s driving license and a few other papers．Where the dog had found it no one could tell，but found that he had recognized it probably by the faint oil smell on the worn leather．6. What does the passage tell us about gun-dogs？A）They are the fastest runners of all dogs．B）Their teeth are removed when they are young．C）They can carry birds，etc. without hurting them．D）They can produce many young dogs．7. It annoyed Williams‟s family when_____.A）Williams had to go to work at nightB）the dog made loud sounds in the houseC）the dog was used to traveling by trainD）the dog was confused about the time of the day8. The do g eventually found Williams‟s wallet because_____.A）he knew where Williams had fallenB）he had seen it there and recognized itC）it contained over fifty poundsD）it had the smell familiar to him9. Which of the following is true of Williams according to the passage?A）He often did not get enough sleep．B）He often slept later than he should．C）He did not drink heavily．D）He liked saving money．10. Which of the following is the best description of Prince？A）He was clever and loyal to Williams．B）He liked the sight of his owner．C）He understood human language．D）He was the best friend with William‟s familyPassage ThreeThe failed Skylab（空间站）will come screaming home to earth in disappointment sometime next month, but it will fall we know not where．That precise information is beyond even the calculations of scientists and their computers.The best they can tell us is that the space station，weighing 77 tons and as high as a 12-story building，will break into hundreds of pieces that will be scattered across a track 100 miles wide and 4000 miles long．We are again exposed to one of those unexpected adventures，or misadventures，of science that attracts our attention from the boring routines of daily existence and encourages us to think a lot about man‟s future．What worries Richard Smith，the Skylab‟s director，is the“big pieces”that will come through the atmosphere．Two lumps，weighing 2 tons each，and ten weighing at least 1，000 pounds each，will come in at speeds of hundreds of miles an hour，and if they crash on land they will dig holes up to 100 feet deep．What worries us，with our lack of scientific knowledge and our quick imagination，is both the big and small pieces，although project officials say there is very little chance that anyone will be injured by them．That is good to know，but it does not remove the doubts of the millions who still remember the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island．That accident took place in 1979 in spite of what scientists had assured us as to the safety of the nuclear reactor．11. Where the Skylab will fall＿．A）cannot be predicted even by computersB）is kept secret from the whole worldC）is made public to all countriesD）is predicted by the scientists involved in the program12. The broken Skylab will＿．A）be in two lumps-one weighing 2 tons and the other weighing 10 tonsB）fall with the force of a 12-story buildingC）cover a large round areaD）break into 12 big pieces and hundreds of smaller ones13. In the fourth paragraph，we are told that＿.A）people usually do not pay attention to the environmentB）people expect to be exposed to dangers in their daily existenceC）the accident makes people worry about our safety on the earthD）most people consider their life boring14. The author refers to the accident of Three Mile Island＿．A）to express his do ubts about scientists‟assuranceB）because he fears that a piece of the Skylab may strike a nuclear reactorC）to remind the reader of the terrible accidentD）because the nuclear reactor there and the Skylab were built by the same company15. What does the author mainly try to tell us in the passage？A）Science and technology need improving．B）Science may bring disasters to the human race．C）People should not readily believe experts．D）Ordinary people are more imaginative than scientists.Passage FourIn some countries as many as nine out of ten adults read at least one newspaper a day．Seen in purely business terms，few products can ever have been so successful in reaching as much of their market．Why do so many people read newspapers？There are five basic functions of a newspaper：to inform，to comment，to persuade，to instruct and to entertain．You may well think that this list of functions is in order of importance but，if so，you would not be in agreement with the majority of the reading public．Of the two broad categories of newspaper，the popular and the quality，the former has a readership of millions，while the latter，only hundreds of thousands，Yet the popular papers seem largely designed for entertainment．They contain a lot of comment and persuasive language．The quality newspapers put a much higher value on information and a much lower one on entertainment．It is not only in content that the two kinds of paper differ．There is a difference, too，in thestyle in which the articles are written．The popular papers generally use more dramatic languagewith a lot of word-play．Their reporters tend to use shorter sentences and avoid less well-known vocabulary．This means that popular newspapers are easier for a native speaker to understand，though probably not for a non-native speaker.In order to decide whether a newspaper is a quality or a popular one it is not even necessary to read it，since you can tell simply by the way it looks．Popular papers are generally smaller with fewer and shorter articles．But they have bigger headlines and more photographs．16. Out of 500，＿adults read a newspaper every day according to the passage．A) 400 B) 425 C) 450 D）47517. How does the writer describe a popular newspaper?A）It carries many articles and few photographs．B）It is intended to educate people．C）It contains a lot of information．D）It aims at entertaining people．18. Which of the following words could be used in place of“categories”in Paragraph 2？A) forms ．B) types．C）texts．D) parts．19. Who tend to read a quality newspaper more often？A) Politicians．B) Foreign visitors. C) Sports fans. D) Housewives.20. What does the last paragraph tell us about the two kinds of newspaper？A）Their difference in appearance and volume．B）Their difference in the information given．C）Their difference in readership and price．D）Their difference in the language used．Passage Five“It hurts me more than you”，and“This is for your own good．”These are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin，clean my room，stay home and do homework．That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school．The schools and educators made it easy on us．They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy．We stopped making our children do homework．We gave them calculators，turned on the television，left the teaching to teachers and went on vacation．Now，teachers，faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past15 years，are realizing we‟ve made a terrible mistake．One such teacher is Sharon Klompus，who says of her students—“so passive” —and wonders what happened．Nothing was demanded of them，she believes．Television，says Klompus，contributes to children‟s passivit y．“We‟re not training kids to work any more，”says Klompus．“We‟re talking about a generation of kids who‟ve never been hurt or hungry ．They have learned somebody will always do it for them．Instead of saying…go took it up‟，you tell them the answer．It takes greater energy to say no to a kid．”Yes，it does，It takes energy and it takes work．It‟s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work．It‟s time to take the car away，to turn the TV off，to tell them it hurts you more than them，but it‟s for their own good．It‟s time to start telling them no again．21. In the permissive period，parents were told_____.A）to leave their children aloneB）to go on vacation without their childrenC）to encourage their children to work hardD）to help their children with their schoolwork22. How does Sharon Klompus describe her students？A）They like to work out problems themselves．B）It is easy for them to get hurt and angry．C）They often make silly mistakes．D）They are lazy and spoiled．23. Which of the following is NOT true of the situation in the past 15 years？A）Children have been allowed to watch television as they like．B）Children have been forbidden to develop themselves．C）Children have been allowed to use cars．D）Children may or may not do homework．24. What does the writer want to tell parents?A）They should set a good example for their kids．B）Kids should have more activities at school．C）They should be stricter with their kids．D）Kids should be pleased at home．25. What would the writer say now about her mother?A）She was hard-working and devoted．B）She was not nice and kind．C）She was lazy and careless．D）She was right and wise．Passage SixDuring her childhood，Rachel showed an interest in nature and in writing．After high school，she entered Pennsylvania State College for Women，aiming at becoming a writer. She switched to biology，however，thus setting the course of her life．Rachel went to Johns Hopkins University for further study and became a member of the zoology（动物学）staff at the University of Maryland．For fifteen years，Rachel worked for the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, writing andand editing publications．Fortunately，her employer encouraged her to reach a larger audience. Rachel‟s poetic style of writing in three books about the ocean caught the imagination of the general reader．Her rare talent as both a physical scientist and a gifted writer earned her the National Book Award for the Sea Around US．Rachel‟s next book marked her as a leading fighter for the preservation of the natural environment．She began writing Silent Spring，knowing that she would be personally attacked and ridiculed. She continued writing despite the ill health that slowed her progress. Upon completingthe book，She wrote to a close friend，“I have felt obliged to do what I could-if I di dn‟t at least try I could never again be happy in nature．But now I believe I have at least helped little．”Rachel Carson did more than help a little．Although both government and industry opposed her，specialists in public health，the press, and the public itself all supported her fight against the irresponsible use of insecticides（杀虫剂）.Her book eventually led the government to ban DDT.26. The passage describes Rachel as＿＿．A) a writer and an editor B）a scientist and a writerC) an employer and animal lover D）a professor and a poet27. We know from the passage that Rachel was the author of at least＿＿＿＿＿.A）3 books B）4 books C）5 books D）6 books28. Which of the following is true about the book Silent Spring？A）The book gained great support from both the government and industry．B）The book was written when Rachel was in good healthC）The book is concerned with the oceans in the world．D）The book deals with environmental protection．29. The word“ridiculed”in Paragraph 3 most likely means＿＿＿．A）counted on B）praised C) laughed at D) employed30. What does the writer IMPL Y about banning DDT？A）The public thought it was wrong to do so．B）The industry was opposed to doing so．C）The government was forced to do so．D）The press did not care about it．Passage SevenIn 1947 Angela Mortimer was captain of the team which won the Plymouth Interschools‟ Championship．From the moment she stepped forward to receive the silver cup，she was determined to become a Wimbledon Champion．Encouraged by her school championship success，Angela decided that she should have proper coaching．She heard that there was a good tennis coach at Torquay，a Mr. Roberts，who was prepared to give free tennis lessons to promising youngsters under twelve years of age and living in the Torquay area．The fact that Angela was over。