八年级英语暑假专题：形容词和副词

一. 教学内容：暑假专题——形容词和副词（一）形容词和副词的用法1）形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。

2）在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。

做定语时修饰名词或代词（一般为不定代词），修饰名词时常放于名词前，修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后，做表语时和系动词连用，构成一个系表结构。

例如：Can you hear the loud noise?（定语）你听到大的喧闹声了吗？The noise is very loud.（表语）喧闹声很大。

The quiet girl is my sister.（定语）那个安静的女孩是我妹妹。

My sister looks very quiet.（表语）我妹妹看起来很安静。

I have nothing new to tell you.（定语）我没什么新东西告诉你。

3）常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有：Look（看起来，看上去），feel（感觉），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），get（变得），turn（变），become（成为，变得），sound（听起来）等。

例如：The weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring.春天天气变暖和了，树变绿了。

The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。

You look fine.你看起来气色很好。

4）副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。

例如：The men and the women walk quickly.这些男人和女人走得很快。

The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。

They often laugh loudly. 他们经常大声地笑。

Unluckily he hurt his leg. 不幸的是，他伤了腿。

（二）形容词和副词比较级最高级的变化*这种双音节词很多都是以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的双音节形容词。

（三）比较级用法：1）表示两者（人或事物）的比较，形容词或副词比较级之后用than 引出比较对象。

China is bigger than the USA.This book is more exciting than that one. 注意：比较的对象要表达明确。

My ruler is longer than yours. 2）自身不能与自身进行比较。

3）在形容词或副词比较级前，有时可以用much, a little, far, a lot ,even 等来修饰，如much better ；a little taller.（四）adj, adv 最高级的用法： 注意：1. 它是在一定范围内的最…… （≥3）He is the tallest of those three.2. 所举的对象一定在范围内。

Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 用最高级的几种情况（句式）1. 当有in/ of ，而且of 后不是两者时。

2. 在One of +adj的最高级+ns中。

One of the most famous sights.3. Which is the best, the red one ,the white one or the green one?Which / whose/ who, 引导的选择疑问句，有三者以上的选项时4. The Huang River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。

当形容词和副词前有序数词修饰时，多用最高级（五）原级、比较级、最高级的句型转换。

1. “not as/so+原级+as”结构可转化为比较级than的结构如：David didn’t run as fast as Li Lei——Li Lei ran faster than David.——David run more slowly than Li Lei.This book isn’t as interes ting as that one.——That book is more interesting than this one.——This book is less interesting than that one.2. 两个原级的句子合并成含有比较级的句子。

Li Ping is ten years old.Wei Hua is seven years old.1）Li Ping is older than Wei Hua.2）Wei Hua is younger than Li Ping.3）Li Ping is three years older than Wei Hua.4）Wei Hua is three years younger than Li Ping.3. 两个原级的句子合并成含有as… as的原级比较的句子。

1）I’m ten years old. Lucy is ten years old too.——I’m the same age as Lucy.2）I read two books Lucy read two books too.——I read as many books as Lucy.4. 比较等级的句子中含有any, anyone, anything, other等时，可与最高级的句子进行转换。

如：1）Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.the other cities in China.the others in China.——Shanghai is the biggest city in China.2）Zhang Hai jumps higher than any other student in the class.the others in his class.the other students in the class.anyone else in the class.——Zhang Hai jumps(the)highest in the class.5. 含有比较级的句子可与含有反义词的句子进行转换。

如：This ruler is longer than that one.——That ruler is shorter than this one.Traveling by air is more expensive than traveling by train.——Traveling by train is less expensive than traveling by air.6. “like…better”可与“prefer”进行转换。

1）Which coat do you like better? ——Which coat do you prefer?2）I like red better than black. ——I prefer red to black.3）I like singing better than dancing. ——I prefer singing to dancing.7. “like…best”与“favorite”进行转换。

1）Which coat do you like best? ——Which is your favorite coat ?2）I like bananas best. ——My favorite fruit is bananas.8. “as...as” 与“ the same…as” 进行转换。

This bike is as big as that one. ——This bike is the same size as that one.【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）一、用所给adj.词的适当形式填空1. He’s as __________( clever) his sister , but he doesn’t do his homework as _______( careful) as his sister. So he isn’t so _______( good) at his lesson as his sister.2. This coat is as ________( nice) as that one but isn’t so ________( expensive) as that one.3. This kind of bike looks as ________ as that kind but doesn’t sell as ______ as that kind(good)4. Tom ru ns as _________( quick) as Kate, but he doesn’t jump as______ as Kate.(high)5. He works as ________as I. ,but his lessons aren’t as _______ as mine.(hard, good)6. I have as _______(many) money as you .7. Who picked ________ apples, Jim , Mike or Lucy?(much)8. It was _________yesterday than it is today.( hot)9. Apples are_________ than pears.( delicious)10. Li Qing’s mother gets ________( angry) because Li Qing’s school report is ____( bad) than any other student in her class.11. It was quite _______, I won’t find anything _________ than that. (cheap)12. She didn’t feel __________, so she went to the hospital yesterday, but now he feels _______ .(well)13. He began to study ______(hard) than last term, and he did ________(well) than before, too.14. His ________(old) brother is two years_______(old) than him.15. No other boy in my class wrote so_______(good) as Wei Lin.16. He always been ________( careful) in his work but this time he works __________( careless)17. Look _____ (careful) at the drawing and you will understand what I mean.二、句型转换1. Meimei does her homework the most carefully of all the students in our class,Meimei does her homework ________ _________ than _______ ______ ______ in our class Meimei does her homework________ ______ than ________ ______ _________ in our class.Meimei does her homework________ ______ than ________ ______ in our class.Meimei does her homework________ ______ than ________ ______ in our class.2. John is Cleverer than his brother.John’s brother ________ ________ ________ _______ John.3. Alice’s bike is more expensive than Li Qing’s bike.Li Qing’s bike ______ ________ _______ ________ Alice’s bike.4. The high jump is more difficult than the long jump.The long jump ______ ________ ________ ________the high jump.5. What’s your favorite sport?What sport _____you like________?6. David didn’t run as fast as Li LeiLi Lei ran ________than David.7. Which coat do you like better?Which coat ____you_______?8. I like red better than black.I ________red to black.9. I like singing better than dancing.I prefer_________ to____________.I prefer to _______ rather than__________.三、选择1. Mr. Smiths thought the Century Park was the second _______ in Shanghai.A. largeB. largerC. largestD. very large2. Which is _______ of the two words?A. difficultB. the most difficultC. most difficultD. the more difficult3. —Is the physics problem_______?—Yes, I can work it out________.A. easy, easilyB. easy, easyC. easily, easyD. easily, easily4. You look very ____ .Have you got any good news?A. beautifulB. happyC. wellD. tired5. I can’t keep my eyes __________. I’m so sleepy.A. openingB. openC. closedD. closing6. Your bike is newer than ________.A. myB. mineC. meD. I7. My brother is the youngest _______ my family.A. thanB. ofC. forD. in8. It’s raining ___________.A. more and more hardB. harder and harderC. more hard and more hard9. Spring is ______ season ______ the year.A. best …inB. the best… inC. best…ofD. the best…of10. Betty is the most beautiful ___________.A. all her sistersB. of all the sistersC. of all her sistersD. in all her sisters11. His sister is two years_______ than her.A. oldB. olderC. elderD. oldest12. It’s ________ to go there earlier.A. much goodB. betterC. bestD. the best13. —Who jumped ________ of all in the long jump?—Ann did.A. longestB. longerC. fartherD. farthest14. I don’t think science is _______ foreign languages.A. as more interesting asB. as interesting asC. as interesting than15. India is the second_____ population in the world?A. mostB. largestC. moreD. longest16. Our country is becoming ________.A. more beautiful and beautifulB. more and more beautifulC. more beautiful and more beautiful四、选择最佳的答案完成下文。