寒食何由来？(以及引文资料)
寒食节的来历和习俗
寒食节的来历和习俗寒食节是中国传统的重要节日之一，起源于古代的周朝时期，至今已有数千年的历史。
此节日通常在农历清明节前一天，即阴历三月二十九或三月三十之间。
寒食节的来历与习俗都代表着古人的思念和敬意，下面将详细介绍。
寒食节的来历始于春秋时期的一个故事。
相传，春秋时期的楚国国君屈原是一位非常有才华的贤士，他为国家做出了巨大的贡献。
然而，由于宫廷的政治斗争，屈原被诬陷并被贬到了远离燕赵郡的地方。
此时，楚国陷入内外交困之中，最终被秦国所灭。
屈原的离世成为了楚国人民的巨大悲痛。
为了纪念屈原，楚国人民在清明节前一天设立了寒食节。
根据史书的记载，寒食节原本是以祭祖为主，但慢慢地演变成了以追思屈原为核心的纪念节日。
在寒食节当天，人们要在家中设宴款待亲友，并在饭桌上摆放精美的供品，以示对逝去亲人的思念和纪念。
寒食节有许多独特的习俗与传统。
一项重要的习俗是远足郊外的踏青活动。
寒食节的当天，许多人会离开家中，前往郊外山林或墓地，进行登山、野餐和放风筝等休闲活动。
这是人们追忆逝去亲人并享受春日美景的一种方式。
同时，这也是人们享受大自然的机会，放松身心，身心愉悦。
另一个重要的传统是吃寒食。
寒食是寒食节这天的特别食物，它是用糯米粉和其他食材制作成的一种糕点。
这种糕点又被称为寒食糕或寒食团子，形状圆润，口感软糯。
人们在寒食节当天会亲手制作寒食团子，并与亲朋好友一起品尝。
吃寒食是一种传承古老习俗的方式，也是表达对故人崇敬之情的一种方式。
除了踏青和吃寒食外，还有一些其他的寒食节习俗。
比如，人们在寒食节这天会用柳枝扎在门上，这被认为可以驱邪和祛病。
此外，为了纪念屈原，有些地方会举办划龙舟竞赛。
这个习俗源于屈原投江自尽之后，楚国人民划船寻找他的尸体，并为了防止鱼虾伤害屈原的尸体，在江中击鼓喊叫，一来避免鱼虾触碰屈原，二来敬才之方。
这个习俗后来演变成了划龙舟赛。
总的来说，寒食节作为中国传统节日的重要组成部分，承载了古代人们对故人的深情厚意和纪念。
寒食 (1)
介子推知道文公把他忘 了，心中十分难受，且 其本身不重功名利禄， 就和年迈的母亲回到家 乡，隐居在山中。
介子推走后，晋文公觉 得很惭愧。他率领大队 人马在丛山之间找寻介 子推的下落。
晋文公没法找到介子推，便想到用放 火烧山的方法把介子推逼出来。可是 介子推宁愿和母亲葬身火海也不肯走 出深山。晋文公望着介子推的尸体哭 拜一阵，安葬遗体时发现一篇血诗： 割肉奉君尽丹心，但愿主公常清明。 柳下作鬼终不见，强似伴君作谏臣。 倘若主公心有我，忆我之时常自省。 臣在九泉心无愧，勤政清明的来历
清明前二日（一说清明前一日，也有说 是清明前三日）为寒食节。据南朝梁宗懔 《荆出楚岁时记》说，冬至后的第一百零五 天就是寒食节，所以有“一百五”就为寒食 节的代称。传说，这个节日，是纪念春秋的 介子推的。
春秋时代，晋国的公子重 耳为了逃避动乱，和介子 推等臣子逃到偏远的地方。
谢谢！
重耳生病了，追随他的臣子 只能给他送上野菜和野果。 重耳叹气道：“我实在食不 下咽啊！”
这天，介子推给重耳捧上 了一碗香喷喷的肉汤。重 耳惊喜地问：“好香！好 香！你从哪弄来这美食 啊？”
介子推不作解释。重耳吃 了这碗肉汤，只觉精神好 多了，病情好转，渐渐康 复过来。
后来，重耳辗转得知， 那碗肉汤的肉，原来是 介子推在自己的大腿上 割下来的。 十九年后，重耳终于当上 了国君，是为晋文公。他 封赏群臣，但却忘记了这 位曾共患难的介子推。
这天，刚好是清明节的前一天。 以后每年这天，人们为了纪念介 子推，都不生火，只吃凉的食物， 并把这天称为“寒食”。
植 树
作者简介
• 韩翃，（754年前后在世），字 君平，南阳（今河南南阳）人。 唐代诗人。是“大历十才子” 之一。天宝十三载（754）考中 进士，宝应年间在淄青节度使 侯希逸幕府中任从事，后随侯 希逸回朝，闲居长安十年。建 中年间，因作《寒食》诗被唐 德宗所赏识，因而被提拔为中 书舍人。韩翃诗笔法轻巧，写 景别致，在当时传诵很广。诗 多写送别唱和题材，如《韩君 平诗集》，《全唐诗》录存其 诗三卷。
寒食节的来历英语作文600
寒食节的来历英语作文600The Han Shi Festival: A Historical and Cultural Exploration.The Han Shi Festival, also known as the Cold Food Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival that holds significant cultural and historical importance. Celebrated on the 105th day after the winter solstice, typicallyfalling in April, the festival is observed with unique customs and practices that have been passed down through generations.Origin and History:The origins of the Han Shi Festival can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period (771-476 BCE). According to legend, Jie Zhitui, a loyal retainer of Duke Wen of Jin, was unjustly exiled. When Duke Wen later realized his mistake and attempted to recall Jie, he refused to return. Duke Wen set fire to the forest where Jie was hiding,intending to force him out. However, Jie and his mother perished in the flames.To commemorate Jie's sacrifice and mourn his death, the people of Jin designated the day of his death as Han Shi (Cold Food), a day when fires were not allowed to be lit. This practice eventually spread throughout China, becoming a traditional festival.Customs and Observances:The central custom of the Han Shi Festival is the prohibition of using fire for cooking or warmth. This practice is known as "cold food." During Han Shi, people traditionally eat cold food that has been prepared in advance, such as salads, cold noodles, and sticky rice dumplings.Another important observance of the festival is tomb-sweeping. On the day of Han Shi, families visit the graves of their ancestors to clean them and offer sacrifices. This tradition is believed to bring good運氣 and protect thehealth and well-being of family members.In some regions of China, the Han Shi Festival is also associated with kite-flying and the playing of traditional games. Kites, often decorated with colorful designs or symbols, represent freedom and hope for a bountiful harvest. Traditional games such as tug-of-war and swinging symbolize strength and unity.Cultural Significance:The Han Shi Festival holds deep cultural significancein China. It is a time for families to remember their ancestors and pay respects to their sacrifices. The prohibition of fire symbolizes the mourning and grief over the loss of Jie Zhitui.The Han Shi Festival is also a time for reflection and introspection. By practicing "cold food," people are encouraged to consider the hardships and struggles faced by those who have come before them. It is a reminder of the importance of perseverance, loyalty, and the bonds offamily.Modern Observance:In modern times, the Han Shi Festival continues to be celebrated in China, although its observance has evolved somewhat. While the prohibition of fire is still practiced in some rural areas, it is less common in urban areas. However, the custom of tomb-sweeping remains an important part of the festival.Kite-flying and other traditional games have also become popular ways to celebrate Han Shi, especially among children. In some cities, large kite festivals are held during the festival.Conclusion:The Han Shi Festival is a rich and multifaceted Chinese tradition with deep historical and cultural roots. It is a time to remember the past, honor ancestors, and reflect on the importance of family and community. Through its uniquecustoms and observances, the Han Shi Festival continues to play a significant role in the lives of many Chinese people today.。
寒食来历和风俗100字作文
寒食来历和风俗100字作文英文回答：The origin of the Cold Food Festival, also known as Han Shi Festival, can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC) in China. It is said that the festival was established to commemorate Jie Zhitui, a loyal official of the Jin State. During a time of famine, Jie Zhitui cut a piece of meat from his own leg to feed his starving lord, Duke Wen. Touched by his loyalty, Duke Wen promised to reward him, but Jie Zhitui refused any reward and instead retreated to the mountains with his mother. In order to avoid harming Jie Zhitui, Duke Wen ordered the mountains to be set on fire, but Jie Zhitui and his mother were killedin the fire. In honor of Jie Zhitui, Duke Wen declared a day of mourning and ordered that no fires were to be litfor the day, only cold food could be eaten.The Cold Food Festival is observed on the 105th day after the winter solstice, which usually falls in earlyApril. On this day, people not only eat cold food to commemorate Jie Zhitui, but also participate in various activities such as tomb sweeping, spring outings, and dragon boat races.中文回答：寒食节的来历可以追溯到中国春秋时期（公元前770-前476年）。
寒食节的风俗与来历600字作文
寒食节的风俗与来历600字作文英文回答：Cold Food Festival, also known as Hanshi Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday observed on the 105th day after the winter solstice. The festival is believed to have originated in the Spring and Autumn period (771-476 BCE) and is associated with the legendary minister Jie Zitui.Jie Zitui served as an advisor to Duke Wen of the Jin state. After Duke Wen was restored to his throne, Jie Zitui refused to accept any rewards and retreated to the mountains. When Duke Wen went to seek him out, he found him hiding in a forest. Duke Wen ordered the forest to be set on fire in an attempt to force Jie Zitui out. However, Jie Zitui refused to leave and was burned to death.In memory of Jie Zitui's sacrifice, Duke Wen decreed that the day of his death would be observed as a day of mourning and fasting. This day became known as Cold FoodFestival.On Cold Food Festival, people traditionally refrain from cooking hot meals and instead eat cold food that was prepared the previous day. This custom is believed to symbolize the mourning of Jie Zitui.Other customs associated with Cold Food Festival include visiting ancestral tombs, flying kites, and playing tug-of-war.中文回答：寒食节的起源。
介绍寒食节的英文作文
介绍寒食节的英文作文Title: Introduction to the Cold Food Festival。
The Cold Food Festival, known as "Hanshi Festival" in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese festival that dates back over 2,500 years. It falls on the 105th day after the winter solstice, typically occurring in early April according to the Gregorian calendar. This festival holds significant cultural and historical importance in Chinese society, symbolizing remembrance, filial piety, and the transition from winter to spring.Legend has it that the Cold Food Festival originated from the tragic story of Jie Zitui during the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC) in ancient China. Jie Zitui was a loyal minister of Duke Wen of Jin. In a time of famine, Jie Zitui followed his lord into exile, enduring hardship and deprivation. On one occasion, Duke Wen was extremely thirsty, and Jie Zitui cut a piece of flesh from his own thigh to provide him with soup. Deeply moved by Jie Zitui'sloyalty and sacrifice, Duke Wen promised to reward him handsomely once he reclaimed his position.Years later, Duke Wen ascended to the throne and forgot his promise to Jie Zitui. Feeling slighted and disillusioned, Jie Zitui resigned from his position and retreated to the mountains with his mother. Despite Duke Wen's efforts to find him, Jie Zitui remained hidden. Finally, on the 105th day after Duke Wen's return to power, Jie Zitui was found, but tragically, he and his mother had perished in a fire started to smoke them out of hiding.Filled with remorse and regret, Duke Wen declared that no fire could be lit on that day in honor of Jie Zitui's memory. Thus, the Cold Food Festival was established as a day of remembrance for Jie Zitui's loyalty and sacrifice.Today, the Cold Food Festival is celebrated in various ways across China. One of the most common customs is to visit ancestral graves to pay respects to deceased relatives. Families clean and tend to the graves, offer food and burn incense as a sign of filial piety andremembrance. Another tradition is the consumption of cold food, such as cold noodles, dumplings, and fruits, which symbolizes the transition from the cold of winter to the warmth of spring.In addition to these customs, various regions in China have their unique rituals and activities to mark the Cold Food Festival. In some areas, there are traditional dragon boat races, while in others, people fly kites or participate in outdoor spring outings.Overall, the Cold Food Festival is not only a time for remembrance and reflection but also a celebration of the arrival of spring and the renewal of life. It serves as a reminder of the importance of loyalty, sacrifice, andfilial piety, values that have been cherished in Chinese culture for millennia. Through its customs and traditions, the Cold Food Festival continues to be an integral part of China's cultural heritage, connecting the past with the present and ensuring that the legacy of figures like Jie Zitui lives on.。
寒食节的来历和风俗简单介绍英语作文
寒食节的来历和风俗简单介绍英语作文The Cold Food Festival, also known as the Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on the105th day after the winter solstice, usually in early April. It is a time to commemorate the dead and to visit the tombs of ancestors. The festival has its origins in an ancient Chinese legend about a loyal minister named Jie Zhitui.According to legend, Jie Zhitui was a loyal subject of Duke Wen of Jin, who ruled during the Spring and Autumn period (771-476 BC). When the duke was forced to flee into exile, Jie Zhitui followed him and remained by his side for 19 years. During this time, Jie Zhitui often went hungry so that the duke could eat.One day, the duke's army was passing through a forest when they came to a river. The duke was thirsty, but there was no water to be found. Jie Zhitui cut a piece of flesh from his own thigh and cooked it in a soup for the duke.The duke was so moved by Jie Zhitui's loyalty that hepromised to reward him handsomely when they returned home.However, when the duke regained his throne, he forgothis promise to Jie Zhitui. Jie Zhitui, feeling betrayed, retreated to the mountains with his mother. The duke sent messengers to find Jie Zhitui and bring him back, but Jie Zhitui refused to return.The duke, in a fit of anger, ordered his men to setfire to the mountains. Jie Zhitui and his mother wereburned to death. When the duke realized what he had done,he was filled with remorse. He ordered that the day of Jie Zhitui's death be commemorated as a day of mourning, andthat no fires be lit on that day.The Cold Food Festival is still observed in China today. It is a time for families to visit the graves of their ancestors and to offer food and prayers. It is also a timeto eat cold food, such as dumplings and noodles, and to avoid cooking with fire.In addition to visiting graves and eating cold food,there are a number of other customs associated with the Cold Food Festival. These customs include:Kite flying: Kite flying is a popular activity during the Cold Food Festival. People of all ages fly kites in parks and open fields.Tug-of-war: Tug-of-war is another popular activity during the Cold Food Festival. Teams of people compete to pull a rope across a line.Egg rolling: Egg rolling is a game that is played during the Cold Food Festival. People roll eggs down a slope and try to get them to land in a hole.Tomb sweeping: Tomb sweeping is a tradition that is observed during the Cold Food Festival. People visit the graves of their ancestors and clean them up. They also offer food and prayers to the dead.The Cold Food Festival is a time to remember the deadand to celebrate the importance of family. It is a festival that is rich in tradition and culture.。
寒食节故事简介50字
寒食节故事简介50字英文回答：The Cold Food Festival, also known as the Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional Chinese festival that commemoratesthe death of Jie Zitui, a loyal retainer of Duke Wen of Jin. The festival falls on the 105th day after the winter solstice, which usually occurs in early April.According to legend, Jie Zitui was forced to flee into the mountains with Duke Wen after the duke was overthrownby his brother. While in exile, Jie Zitui cut off a pieceof his own thigh to feed the starving duke. After Duke Wen regained his throne, he offered Jie Zitui a high-ranking position in his court, but Jie Zitui declined and chose to live in seclusion in the mountains.Years later, Duke Wen ordered his men to set fire tothe mountains in order to force Jie Zitui out of hiding. However, Jie Zitui and his mother refused to leave theirhome and were burned to death.In memory of Jie Zitui's loyalty and sacrifice, the Cold Food Festival was established. During the festival, people are forbidden from cooking or eating hot food. Instead, they eat cold food that was prepared in advance.The Cold Food Festival is also a time for people to visit the graves of their ancestors and pay their respects. They clean the graves, offer food and drink, and burn incense.中文回答：寒食节，又称清明节，是中国传统节日，是为了纪念晋文公忠臣介子推而设。
寒食节英语作文60字
寒食节英语作文60字The Cold Food Festival, also known as the Hanshi Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on the 105th day after the winter solstice. 寒食节，又称为“寒食会”是中国传统节日，日期为冬至后的第105天。
It's a time to commemorate the death of the famous poet and minister Jie Zitui during the Spring and Autumn Period. 这个节日是为了纪念春秋时期著名的诗人和大臣介子推的死亡。
People observe the holiday by refraining from lighting fires and eating cold food. 人们会在这天避免生火，只吃冷食。
One of the most popular activities during the Cold Food Festival is climbing mountains. 寒食节期间最受欢迎的活动之一是爬山。
People are often seen hiking up mountains to enjoy the scenery and fresh air. 人们常常登高望远，欣赏风景，呼吸新鲜空气。
It’s a great way to relax and also to remember the tragic story of Jie Zitui. 这不仅是一种放松身心的好方式，也是纪念介子推悲惨故事的好机会。
Another tradition during the Cold Food Festival is kite flying. 寒食节期间的另一项传统活动是放风筝。
60词寒食节英语作文
60词寒食节英语作文
英文回答：
Cold Food Festival, also known as the Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional Chinese festival that commemorates the memory of the deceased. It is celebrated on the 105th day after the winter solstice, usually around April 5th. During this festival, people visit the tombs of their ancestors, clean them, and offer food and prayers. They also burn incense and paper money to honor the departed. The Cold
Food Festival is a time for families to come together and remember their loved ones who have passed on.
中文回答：
寒食节，又称清明节，是中国传统节日，用来纪念亡者。
它在
冬至后第 105 天举行，通常在 4 月 5 日左右。
在这个节日里，人
们会去祖先的坟墓，打扫它们，供奉食物并祈祷。
他们还会烧香和
烧纸钱来纪念亡者。
寒食节是家人团聚、纪念已故亲人的时刻。
寒食节的由来和风俗简介大全_寒食节是什么节日由来
寒食节的由来和风俗简介大全_寒食节是什么节日由来寒食节在每年冬至(二十四节气之一)后的105天，是中国传统节日之一，一般在清明节的前一到两天，又有“禁烟节”、“冷节”、“百五节”之称。
以下是小编给大家收集的关于寒食节的由来和风俗简介大全，欢迎大家前来参阅。
目录寒食节的由来春秋初期的晋国，内乱不已，晋国公子重耳为避祸，出国逃亡19年，尝尽了人世间的艰辛。
在这颠沛流离的逃亡途中，介子推一直追随重耳，不离左右。
有一次，他们断炊绝粮，陷入困境，介子推割下了自己腿上的肉，供重耳食用充饥。
后来重耳回国，做了晋国国君，史称晋文公。
接着，晋文公对一直跟随自己逃亡的臣僚论功行赏，唯独把介子推给忘了。
介子推也不向晋文公邀功请赏，而且更不耻与那些挟功求禄的势利之人同朝为臣，就带着母亲隐居到今山西介休县内的绵山。
晋文公知道后，追忆起介子推的忠诚，十分后悔，就亲自去请介子推下山。
介子推却躲起来，坚决不肯与晋文公见面。
为了逼介子推出山，晋文公就下令火焚绵山。
不料介子推守志不移，宁愿被火烧死，也不肯出山，结果他与母亲双双抱树而死。
文公见烧死了救命爱臣，疼痛不已，就把介之推葬于绵山，修祠立庙，并下令于子推焚死之日禁火寒食，以寄哀思，后相沿成俗。
寒食节从春秋起，距今已有两千六百多年的历史，比端午节的发生还要早358年。
虽经东汉周举、三国曹操、后赵石勒、北魏孝文帝等多次禁断，却屡禁屡兴，蔓延全国。
唐玄宗顺应民意，颁诏将寒食节拜扫展墓编入《开元礼》中，并定为全国法定长假。
“子推言避世，山火遂焚身。
四海同寒食，千古为一人。
深冤何用道，峻迹古无邻。
魂魄山河气，风雷御宇神。
光烟榆柳火，怨曲龙蛇新。
可叹文公霸，平生负此臣。
”唐代诗人卢象这首《寒食》诗，所言即是寒食节的来历“之推绵山焚身”的故事。
寒食节习俗寒食节习俗，有上坟、郊游、斗鸡子、荡秋千、打毯、牵钩(拔河)等。
其中上坟之俗，是很古老的中国过往的春祭都在寒食节，直到后来改为在清明节。
但韩国方面，仍然保留在寒食节进行春祭的传统。
寒食写成作文500字
寒食写成作文500字寒食节是中国传统节日之一，是在清明节前一天，即农历三月二十九或三月三十日。
这个节日有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。
下面我将用英文和中文回答这个问题。
英文回答：The Cold Food Festival, also known as Hanshi Festival,is one of the traditional Chinese festivals. It falls onthe day before the Qingming Festival, which is either onthe 29th or 30th day of the third lunar month. Thisfestival has a long history and carries rich cultural significance.During the Cold Food Festival, people have the customof eating cold food. It is said that this tradition originated from the story of Jie Zitui, a loyal minister in ancient China. When his lord was in exile and starving, Jie Zitui cut a piece of his own flesh to make soup for him. Later, when his lord ascended to the throne, he forgotabout Jie Zitui and his selfless act. To commemorate Jie Zitui's loyalty and sacrifice, people decided to eat only cold food on this day.Apart from eating cold food, there are also other activities associated with the Cold Food Festival. One of them is flying kites. Kite flying is a popular pastime during this festival, as it is believed to bring good luck and drive away evil spirits. People also visit the graves of their ancestors during this time, cleaning the tombstones and offering sacrifices to show filial piety.中文回答：寒食节，又称为“寒食节”，是中国的传统节日之一。
寒食节的由来简介_关于寒食节的来历传说故事
寒食节的由来简介_关于寒食节的来历传说故事寒食节是汉族传统节日中唯一以饮食习俗来命名的节日，大家知道寒食节是怎么来的吗?以下是小编为大家准备的寒食节的由来简介，欢迎大家前来参阅。
寒食节的由来寒食节：亦称“禁烟节”、“冷节”、“百五节”、“禁火节”，是我国一个古老的节日，至今已有超过2600年的历史。
寒食节是夏历冬至后105天，清明节前一二日。
逢寒食节当日要禁烟火，只吃冷食，因此而得名，也是我国唯一一个以饮食习俗命名的节日。
同时寒食节也是祭祀先祖的日子，曾被称为中国民间第一大祭日，两千余年来，在后世的发展中又逐渐增加了踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牵勾、斗鸡等风俗。
寒食节其实是沿袭了远古时期的改火旧习。
华夏大地每到初春，大部分地区气候干燥，不仅人们保存的火种容易引起火灾，而且雷电的到来也易引起山火。
所以远古时期的人们，要在这个季节举行隆重的祭祀活动，把上一年传下来的火种全部熄灭，即是“禁火”，然后重新钻燧取出新火，作为新一年生产与生活的起点，谓之“改火”或“请新火”。
改火时，要举行隆重的祭祀活动，将谷神“稷”的象征物焚烧，称为人牺，相沿成俗，便形成了后来的禁火节。
禁火与改火之间有间隔的时间，史料有三日、五日、七日等不同说法。
在禁火的这段时间里，人们会准备出足够的熟食用以度日，但是因为禁火而无法加热，只能“寒食”，故而便有了“寒食节”。
不过据史籍记载，寒食节的起源，是春秋时期晋文公为了纪念介子推而定。
晋文公重耳乃是春秋五霸之一，但是当他还是晋国公子的时候，却深受“骊姬之乱”的迫害。
公元前672年，晋献公娶狐姬，次年生下重耳。
重耳自幼聪慧好学，同时喜好结交士人，十七岁时就有五个品德高尚、才能出众的朋友：赵衰、狐偃、贾佗、先轸、魏犨。
晋献公十八年(前659年)，十分受宠的骊姬预谋让自己的儿子奚齐做太子，为了扫清障碍，她先是设计陷害、逼死了太子申生，之后又开始诬陷另外两位公子重耳和夷吾。
得知消息的二位公子先后逃走，重耳逃到了蒲城，夷吾逃到了屈城。
寒食节的来历解释
寒食节的来历解释寒食节的来历解释寒食节的源头，应为远古时期人类的火崇拜。
古人的生活离不开火，但是，火又往往给人类造成极大的灾害，下面为大家分享了寒食节的来历，一起来看看吧！寒食节的来历春秋时代，晋国公子重耳逃亡在外，生活艰苦，跟随他的介子推不惜从自己的腿上割下一块肉让他充饥。
后来，重耳回到晋国，做了国君(即晋文公〕，封赏有功之臣。
唯独介子推拒绝接受封赏。
他带母亲隐居绵山，不肯出来。
晋文公无计可施，只好放火烧山，逼其下山。
谁知介子推母-子宁愿被烧死也不肯出来。
为了纪念介子推，晋文公下令将绵山改名为介山，并修庙立碑。
同时，还下令在介子推遇难的这一天，“寒食禁火”，举国上下不许烧火煮食，只能吃干粮和冷食。
古代的人们都非常崇敬介子推的气节，“寒食禁火”的习俗，被后人流传下来，形成了寒食节这个特殊的纪念节日。
民俗专家介绍说，汉代以前，寒食节禁火的时间较长，以一个月为期。
整整一个月都吃冷食，对身体实在不利，汉代改为3天。
寒食节从晋国开始后，延续了不少年代，中间也有严禁寒食习俗的，如三国时期的曹操。
但时间不长，“寒食禁火”之风又在民间自发兴起。
从先秦到南北朝时期，寒食节都被当作重大的节日。
唐朝时也仍然被作为全国性的隆重节日，不少文人墨客都写过关于寒食节的诗文。
专家表示，寒食节是在清明节的前一天，古人常把寒食节的活动延续到清明，久而久之，人们便将寒食与清明合而为一。
晚唐、宋以后，禁火冷食的习俗日趋淡化、消衰。
到了元代，许多人基本上已不再沿用此习俗。
明清时期，寒食节期间已经不再禁火，也不要求人们寒食了。
赵之珩说，寒食节禁火冷食的习俗，连同寒食节本身，在我国大多数地区慢慢消失了。
或者说寒食节成了清明节的一部分。
但知道和了解这个节日，有助于人们挖掘我国传统节日的文化和民俗内涵，非常有意义。
冬至后一百零五天谓之寒食，从前这天禁火，冷食，故又称“冷节”、“禁烟节”。
民间传说寒食是为了纪念春秋时的介子推被火焚于绵山，晋文公下令禁火。
英文介绍寒食节
英文介绍寒食节寒食节( Cold food festival )是汉族传统节日中唯一以饮食习俗来命名的节日，定于清明节(Tomb Sweeping festiva)之前一日，这一天有吃冷食、祭祀、踏青等习俗。
寒食代表着人们对忠诚、廉洁、政治清明的赞许。
春秋时代，晋国公子重耳逃亡在外，生活艰苦，跟随他的介子推不惜从自己的腿上割下一块肉让他充饥。
后来，重耳回到晋国做了国君，封赏有功之臣。
In the spring and autumn period， jin prince chong 'er is a fugitive， hard life， with his jie zitui willing to cut a piece of meat from his own leg let him。
Later， chong 'er did nations back to the state of jin， raised active subjects。
唯独介子推拒绝接受封赏。
他带母亲隐居绵山，不肯出来。
晋文公无计可施，只好放火烧山，逼其下山。
谁知介子推母子宁愿被火烧死也不肯出来。
为了纪念介子推，晋文公下令将绵山改名叫介山，并修庙立碑。
同时，还下令在介子推遇难的这一天，《寒食禁火》，举国上下不许烧火煮食，只能吃干粮和冷食。
But jie zitui refused to accept the raised。
He brought his mother continous mountain seclusion， refused to come out。
Wandering there， so we have to set fire to the mountain，to force it down the mountain。
But jie zitui mother and child would burned to death will not come out。
寒食节英文介绍
寒食节英文介绍寒食节英文介绍寒食节亦称“禁烟节”、“冷节”、“百五节”，在夏历冬至后一百零五日，清明节前一二日。
是日初为节时，禁烟火，只吃冷食。
并在后世的发展中逐渐增加了祭扫、踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牵勾、斗鸡等风俗，寒食节前后绵延两千余年，曾被称为民间第一大祭日。
关于寒食节的英文介绍The Cold Food Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebratedfor three consecutive days starting the day before the Qingming Festival in the Chinese Calendar, which falls on the 105th day after dongzhi (April 5 by the Gregorian calendar, except in leap years). It is celebrated in China as well as the nearby nations of Korea and Vietnam. At this time of year, the sky becomes clearer and buds sprout in the field. Farmers sow various seeds and supply water to their rice paddies.Legend has it that Chong’er (重耳), a prince of Jin, endured many hardships while he fled around the warring states. Once, in order to help the prince who was tormented by hunger, Jiè Zhītuī(介之推or JièZǐtuī,介子推) cut off the flesh from his thigh and offered it to the prince for sustenance.Later, when Chong’er became Duke Wen of Jin (晉文公), he ordered a search for Jie Zhitui who had gone into hiding in the remotemountains with his mother. Jie Zhitui had no political ambitions and felt ashamed to work with his hypocritical fellows, hence refused invitation of th e Duke. Chong’er ordered the mountains to be burned down in order to force Zhitui out of hiding. Unfortunately Zhitui didnot give in and the fire ended up killing Zhitui and his mother.Filled with remorse, Chong’er ordered that each year during these three days the setting of fire is forbidden – all food was to be consumedcold. Therefore the Festival is thus named. In Jiexiu City of the Shanxi Province, where Jie zhitui died, locals still remember this tradition clearly. But even for them the tradition of eating cold foodis no longer actually practiced.In reality, the true source of the Cold Food Festival started fromthe ancient tradition of setting fire by rubbing wood pieces togetherand the tradition of lighting new fires. Due to the change of seasonsand the change in the type of wood available, the ancient practice wasto change the type of fire-starter-wood used from season to season. Fire is lighted anew upon the start of each season. Before the new fire is officially started no one is allowed to light a fire. This was an important event during that time. The traditionally practiced activities during the Cold Food Festival includes the visitation of ancestral tombs, cock-fighting, playing on swings, beating out blankets (to freshen them), tug-of-war, etc. The practice of visitation of ancestral tombs is especially ancient.For China the Spring Ancestral Worship used to be practiced during the time of the Cold Food Festival. It was later moved to coincide with the Qingming Festival. However in Korea, where the festival is called Hansik, the tradition of practicing Spring Ancestral Worship during the Cold Food Festival still remains.关于寒食节的起源故事寒食节的源头，应为远古时期人类的火崇拜。
关于寒食节的由来简介_寒食节的来历及传说
关于寒食节的由来简介_寒食节的来历及传说寒食节，中国传统节日，在夏历冬至后105日，清明节前一二日。
关于寒食节大家有了解吗?以下是小编为大家准备的关于寒食节的由来简介，欢迎大家前来参阅。
寒食节的含义寒食节亦称“禁烟节”、“冷节”、“百五节”，是夏历冬至后的第105日，也是清明节前一二日。
是日初为节时，禁烟火，只吃冷食。
并在后世的发展中逐渐增加了祭扫、踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牵勾、斗鸡等风俗，寒食节前后绵延两千余年，曾被称为民间第一大祭日。
清明节是中国的二十四节气之一，在仲春与暮春之交，也就是冬至后的第108天。
由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排进行农事活动。
《历书》：“春分后十五日，斗指丁，为清明，万物生长此时，皆清洁而明净。
故谓之清明。
”清明一到，气温升高，雨量增多，正是春耕春种的大好时节。
故有“清明前后，种瓜点豆”、“植树造林，莫过清明”的农谚。
可见这个节气与农业生产有着密切的关系。
两者一是农耕节气，一是传统节日，本是两码事，但因两节时间相距一、二天，甚至重合於一日，故有清明、寒食并称的说法。
所以，“清明节”与“寒食节”并不是同一天。
寒食节的由来是什么寒食节的源头，应为远古时期人类的火崇拜。
古人的生活离不开火，但是，火又往往给人类造成极大的灾害，于是古人便认为火有神灵，要祀火。
各家所祀之火，每年又要止熄一次。
然后再重新燃起新火，称为改火。
改火时，要举行隆重的祭祖活动，将谷神稷的象征物焚烧，称为人牺。
相沿成俗，便形成了后来的禁火节。
禁火节，后来又转化为寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国的名臣义士介子推。
传说晋文公流亡期间，介子推曾经割股为他充饥。
晋文公归国为君后，分封群臣时却忘记了介子推。
介子推不愿夸功争宠，携老母隐居于绵山。
后来晋文公亲自到绵山恭请介子推，介子推不愿为官，躲藏山里。
文公手下放火焚山，原意是想逼介子推露面，结果介子推抱着母亲被烧死在一棵大树下。
寒食节由来中英对照
The "Cold Food" Festival寒食节清明节是一个祭祀祖先的节日，也是农历二十四节气之一，一般在每年的4月4日至6日之间。
清明过后，气温升高，雨水增多，正是春耕春种的大好时节。
QingMingFestivalisatimetooffersacrificestoourancestors,whichisalsooneofthe24 solarterms,generally takes place from four to six of April every year. After Qing Ming Festival, it is golden chance forspring ploughing because of the moderate temperature and sufficient rain.寒食节是清明节的前一天，禁烟火，只吃冷食。
传说这个节日是为了纪念春秋时期的介子推。
介子推是晋国的大夫，在公子重耳手下做事。
在一次宫廷斗争之后，重耳被迫带着麾下幕僚逃亡列国。
流亡期间，他们吃尽了苦头。
为了救活快要饿死的重耳，介子推割下了自己腿上的肉，煮给他吃。
然而，历经艰辛最终复国之后，重耳却把介子推的救命之恩抛诸脑后。
介子推自此隐退，与母亲隐居深山。
重耳自觉有愧，遂亲自前往山中寻找介子推。
可是谷深林密，无迹可寻，于是下令焚山，要逼介子推出山。
可是他终究没有出现。
后来，有人发现他和母亲相拥死去，还留下血书：“割肉奉主尽丹心，但愿主公常清明”。
为了纪念介子推，重耳下令在这一天各家各户都不得生火，只可吃冷食。
JinprinceChong'erfeltguiltyofit,sohehimselfheadedtothemountainsandsearchedJ ieZitui.Butthemountains were too dense to find. Believing that he could force Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord orderedhis men to set the forest on fire. To his consternation, Jie chose to remain where he was and burnt to death huggingwithhismother.Andablood-letterleftforhimwhichreads:如今，清明节前夕熄灭灶火的习俗已不复存在，但植柳、祭祖、扫墓的习惯一直流传至今。
寒食节由来的介绍
寒食节由来的介绍寒食节，即清明节前一天的节日。
它是中国传统节日之一，起源于中国古代。
它的来历有很多种说法，下面我将为大家介绍几种常见的说法。
一种说法认为，寒食节的起源与国际性的第一个祭祀节日——祭祖节有关。
春秋时期，鲁国人鲁迅可以说是最为盛行的，鲁迅因逃跑时吃熟番薯而免遭蛇咬，为纪念这一场经历，他特意安排了官方的寒食祭祀活动，以表彰幸存者。
另外，据《汉书》记载：“三月中，雨渐多，谓之清明。
”清明节之所以叫清明，是因为此时的天气已经变得清明起来，万物也开始发生冬眠后的复苏。
汉族人民在“清明”前后祭祀文武神明、祖先、亲人等。
当时人们认为，祭祀祖先能够带给自己和家族祥和之力，让家庭中的亲人得以安宁。
因此，寒食节也被视为清明节的前夜，与清明节一同祭祀祖先。
还有一种说法，寒食节跟一位名叫范蠡有关。
据说范蠡是春秋时期著名的政治家、策士。
他在赴吴国投靠时，为了让自己更加接近吴国君主夫差，不惜尝试食用了火烤的面饼，以此博得夫差的好感。
后来，吴国和越国的战争爆发，吴军将范蠡软禁在千岛湖畔的苏堤上，不准他回国。
这时，范蠡打算自杀，但他事先让人在山寨里放了火，引火燃烧山寨，在焚身而亡。
这件事发生在“寒食时节”，因此在古人中间，范蠡跳崖自杀的那天被称为“寒食节”。
纵观以上几种说法，我们不难发现，寒食节在中国传统文化里扮演着重要的角色。
它不仅仅是一种传统习俗，更是一种家族和家庭的情感纽带。
祭祖是中国民间传统文化的重要组成部分，也是中华民族的文化精神所在。
祭祀不仅体现了我们对祖先的敬重和感恩，也意味着我们对未知未来的信仰和期盼。
作为一种仪式和传统习俗，它更使我们意识到家庭、家族和国家的重要性，让人们能够更加真切地感受到中华民族的文化载体所在。
总之，寒食节是中华民族传统文化的重要组成部分之一，它具有重要的历史和文化价值。
寒食节不仅仅是一个传统节日，更是一个重要的家族和家庭的情感纽带。
希望我们能够继承和弘扬这一传统，传承中华民族的美德和精神，共同促进中华民族文化的繁荣和发展。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
寒食何由来？——晋文公没有烧死介之推诗人笔下的寒食节春城无处不飞花，寒食东风御柳斜。
日暮汉宫传蜡烛，轻烟散入五侯家。
——唐·韩翃寒食节还有“一百五”的别称，这是由于寒食节时在冬至日后的105天。
宋代苏辙的一首诗《新火》：“昨日一百五，老樨俱寒食。
”宋代梅尧臣《依韵和李舍人旅中寒食感事》：“一百五日风雨急，斜飘细湿春郊衣。
”寒食禁火，把冬季保留下来的火种熄灭了。
到了清明，又要重新钻木取火。
唐代诗人韦庄的诗：“寒食花开千树雪，清明火出万家烟。
”寒食节禁火就是渊源于古代的禁火习俗，倘若追溯禁火习俗，与古代原始火崇拜有关。
经过一冬天的干燥，林木容易引起火灾，加之春季又多雨，更容易引起失火。
古人对此缺乏科学认识，就提倡禁火冷食，后来被纳入统治阶级的礼仪中，又形成礼仪固定下来。
历史上，寒食清明两节相近，久而久之，便合为一个节日。
《唐会要·卷八十二·休假》明确记载：“（开元）二十四年二月十一日敕：寒食清明，四日为假。
大历十三年二月十五日敕：自今已后，寒食通清明，休假五日。
至贞元六年三月九日敕：寒食清明，宜准元日节，前后各给三天。
”大致到了唐代，寒食节与清明节合而为一。
本文不欲详细讨论寒食节的来源，只就后人附会的寒食节“是因为纪念被晋文公烧死的介之推”一事进行考察。
历史的误读到了汉代，由于“小说家言”，就附会了纪念春秋时期被晋文公烧死的功臣介之推的故事，基本上从那时起，我国的寒食节也就公然地以纪念介之推为名义而传承了下来。
其实这是一个天大的历史误会。
现代文献与辞书的记载：据《辞源》对“寒食节”的基本释义是：春秋时，介之推历经磨难辅佐晋公子重耳复国后，隐居介休绵山。
重耳烧山逼他出来，子推母子隐迹焚身。
晋文公为悼念他，下令在子推忌日（后为冬至后一百五日）禁火寒食，形成寒食节。
《辞海》：介之推一作介子推、介推。
春秋时期晋国贵族。
曾从公子重耳（即晋文公）流亡国外。
文公回国后赏赐随从臣属，他未得赏，因与其母隐居绵上（在今山西介休东南）山中而死。
文公使人召之不得，以绵上作为他名义上的封天。
后遂成绵山为介山。
传说文公烧山逼他出来，他因不愿出山被烧死。
旧俗以清明前一天（或二天）为寒食节，断火冷食三天，相传即起因于纪念他被焚死。
辞书尚且如此，其余各类读物更有甚者的记载典型的如下：禁火节，后来又转化为寒食节，用以纪念春秋时期晋国的名臣义士介子推。
传说晋文公流亡期间，介子谁曾经割股为他充饥。
晋文公归国为君后，分封群臣时却忘记了介于推。
介子推不愿夸功争宠，携老母隐居于绵山。
后来晋文公亲自到绵山恭请介子推，介子推不愿为官，躲藏山里。
文公手下放火焚山，原意是想逼介子推露面，结果介子推抱着母亲被烧死在一棵大树下。
为了纪念这位忠臣义上，于是在介子推死难之日不生火做饭，要吃冷食，称为寒食节。
其余书刊杂志多类此，不胜枚举，此处不再浪费时间。
本来是一个与节令有关的禁火日，怎么就加进了“政治性”的色彩呢？始作俑者以及历代记载关于寒食节起源于介之推在介休绵山被焚的记载，最早见于西汉刘向（约前77-前6年）的《新序》。
以后第一个使用此说法的就是东汉桓谭（前？-公元56年）《新论·卷十一·离事》，后陆续载于《后汉书·郡国志·太原郡》、《后汉书·周举传》、曹操《明罚令》、《晋书·石勒传》、郦道元《水经注·汾水》、北魏《齐民要术·煮醴酪》、南宋周密《癸辛杂识》、元代陈元靓《岁时广记》等典籍。
但综观所有记载，以西汉刘向为最早。
《新序》全文如下：晋文公反国，酌士大夫酒，召咎犯而将之，召艾陵而相之。
授田百万。
介子推无爵。
齿而就位，觞三行，介子推奉觞而起曰：“有龙矫矫，将失其所，有蛇从之，周流天下。
龙既入深渊，得安其所，蛇脂尽干，独不得甘雨，此何谓也？”文公曰：“嘻，是寡人之过也。
吾为子爵，与待旦之朝也，吾为子田，与河东阳之间。
”介子推曰：“推闻君子之道，谒而得位，道士不居业，争而得财，廉士不受也。
”文公：“使我得反国者，子也。
吾将以成子之名。
”介子推曰：“推闻君子之道，为人子而不能承其父着，则不敢当后。
为人臣而不见察于其君者，则不敢立于其朝。
然推亦无索于天下矣。
”遂去而之介山之上。
文公使人求之不得。
为之避寝三月，号呼期年。
诗曰：“逝将去女，适彼乐郊。
适彼乐郊，谁知永号。
”此之谓也。
文公待之不肯出来，求之不能得，以谓焚其山宜出，及焚山，遂不出而焚死。
——此公已经制造了一个历史上著名的“冤假错案”：“叶公好龙”。
对此事已有人论证过，此处不再赘述。
仅就研究成果看，刘向“厚诬”古人矣，当然这不关刘向的文德问题——他写的是小说，本可向壁虚造。
而且由于刘向的文笔优美，致使“叶公好龙”已经成为成语。
而历史上真正的叶公绝非如他所描写的那样“好龙”。
叶公之“恶”名远播，他的坏印象不是后人几篇研究文章就能轻易改得了的。
而依此文看来，晋文公背负“烧死功臣”的名声也是无法改变了的。
在刘向以前，关于晋文公出亡及回国的事略，可以见诸正史的有《左传》、《吕氏春秋》、《史记·晋世家》、《国语·晋语四》等资料。
而上述四资料均无晋文公“烧死”介之推的记载；特别需要注意的是，春秋时的晋国素以有“良史”著称，人们有口皆碑。
文天祥在《正气歌》中谓“在晋董狐笔”即是。
就是说晋国的史官们的良知是令人可以相信的，如果晋文公真的“烧死”介之推的过错，《左传》也好、其他史料也好，决不会对此等大事没有任何记载。
而在刘向以后，则有东汉桓谭的《新论·卷十一·离事》、《后汉书·郡国志·太原郡》、《后汉书·周举传》、曹操《明罚令》、《晋书·石勒传》、郦道元《水经注·汾水》、北魏《齐民要术·煮醴酪》、南宋周密《癸辛杂识》、元代陈元靓《岁时广记》等典籍。
不难看出，所谓“晋文公烧死介之推”的故事，其实的“始作俑者”是刘向。
而刘向的《新序》不是历史著作，他不必经过严格筛选资料、严格考证等工序，为了说明一个问题，他可以随意取舍历史上的人和事。
这就是问题的所在。
不过，有一件事情倒是令我们不得不注意：对于寒食节，在东汉时，山西民间要禁火一个月表示纪念。
三国时期，魏武帝曹操曾下令取消这个习俗。
《阴罚令》中有这样的话，“闻太原、上党、雁门冬至后百五日皆绝火寒食，云为子推”，“令到人不得寒食。
犯者，家长半岁刑，主吏百日刑，令长夺一月俸”。
三国归晋以后，由于与春秋时晋国的“晋”同音同字，因而对晋地掌故非凡垂青，纪念介子推的禁火寒食习俗又恢复起来。
不过时间缩短为三天。
同时，把寒食节纪念介子推的说法推而广之，扩展到了全国各地。
寒食节成了全国性的节日，寒食节禁火寒食成了汉民族的共同风俗习惯。
曹操是一位精通典籍的人，他或者看出了在这件事情上的猫腻。
不知曹魏与晋何事如此相左？笔者意见以曹操所见为是：曹操说：“闻太原、上党、雁门冬至日后百五日皆绝火寒食，云为子推”，遂下令“令到人不得寒食”，并且要严厉地惩戒不听命令的人，同时对负有“领导责任”的“主吏”、“令长”一级的官吏处分也很严厉。
但令人奇怪的是，三国归晋，晋统治者因为春秋的晋国与自己建立的“晋”朝同音同字，因而对晋地掌故又大加推崇，同时将寒食节纪念介子推的说法又向全国推广，从那时遂成全国定制。
历史真相究如何？我们以历史事实来分析一下晋文公不会烧死的原因，仅从1、介之推在重耳出亡时的作用；2、重耳归国后的封赏原则；3、“烧山”的危害等三个方面进行分析，就可以得出晋文公会不会出此下策。
1、介之推在重耳出亡时的作用晋乱后，晋贤公子重耳出亡列国以寻求帮助。
《史记》对此事记在较为详细：“晋文公重耳，晋献公之子也。
自少好士，年十七，有贤士五人：曰赵衰；狐偃咎犯，文公舅也；贾佗；先轸；魏武子（笔者注：《史记》说的这五个人与《左传》、《国语》略有不同，但均未将介之推列入“贤士”之内）。
……重耳遂奔狄。
……从此五士，其余不名者数十人，至狄”。
言明跟随晋文公重耳出亡的“贤士五人”是赵衰、狐偃、贾佗、先轸、魏武子，“贤士”中并没有介子推之名。
那么介之推究竟是什么人？原来还有“其余不知名者数十人”，“贤士”五人的事迹，在“出亡”中的表现都很抢眼。
《史记》记载了以下几条著名的贤士决策：“过卫，卫文公不礼。
去，过五鹿，饥而从野人乞食，野人盛土器中进之。
重耳怒。
赵衰曰：“土者，有土也，君其拜受之。
”——首先经过的是卫国，但卫文公对他很不礼貌，只好离开卫国，在途中又向该国的“野人”即乡下人请求食物，那位乡下人拿了一块土，盛在食盘中送给他，带有很明显的戏弄他的意思。
重耳很是恼怒，但“贤士”中的第一人赵衰却开导他，安慰他说这是你将来“得国”的象征，还让重耳“拜受之”，重耳也就隆重地拜受了这块“土”。
从中可以看出赵衰的机警与豁达大度，随时给重耳和其他随从者以前进的信心和勇气；“至齐，齐桓公厚礼，而以宗女妻之，有马二十乘，重耳安之。
……重耳爱齐女，毋去心。
赵衰、咎犯乃于桑下谋行。
……乃与赵衰等谋醉重耳，载以行。
行远而觉，重耳大怒，引戈欲杀咎犯。
咎犯曰：“杀臣成子，偃之愿也。
”重耳曰：“事不成，我食舅氏之肉。
”咎犯曰：“事不成，犯肉腥臊，何足食！”——赵衰、狐偃（咎犯）的重大决策。
重耳在当时已经是“志得意满”、得陇望蜀了，对于他“意志衰退”到以致不可救药的行为，狐偃、赵衰与“齐女”定计，果断地“胁迫”重耳离开齐国。
狐偃为此受到了重耳的怒骂、甚至遇到了重耳怒不可遏地要杀掉他的危险；重耳去之楚，楚成王以适诸侯礼待之，重耳谢不敢当。
赵衰曰：“子亡在外十余年，小国轻子，况大国乎？今楚大国而固遇子，子其毋让，此天开子也。
”——这是赵衰的高见；以树立重耳的信心，防止重耳在流亡中产生严重的自卑心理；重耳至秦，缪公以宗女无人妻重耳，故子圉与往。
重耳不欲受，司空季子曰：“其国且伐，况其故妻乎！且受以结秦亲而求入，子乃拘小礼，忘大丑乎！”赵衰与重耳下，再拜曰：“孤臣之仰君，如百谷之望时雨。
”——司空季子的远见……在这件事情上，鉴于出亡十多年的经验，重耳在大事的处理上逐渐倚重狐偃和赵衰。
如何接纳怀赢的问题，先是接受司空季子的建议，然后分别请教了狐偃和赵衰后才慎重地下了决心，采取了稳健而又隆重的迎娶怀赢的方式。
事实证明，这一做法在为他归国得到了强有力的支持，使得秦穆公“三平晋难”，确保重耳得到了统治地位并能够稳固。
以上“贤士”均能在重耳遇到大事的紧要关头劝谏重耳采取正确的做法或路线，可以说他们是重耳能够得以回国为君的关键人物，即后来重耳所谓的“夫导我以仁义，防我以德惠”应该受“上赏”之人。
而对于介之推的记载，仅仅是“割股啖君”而已。
介之推“割股啖君”的性质是什么？——齐国的易牙亦能为齐桓公“好美味”而残忍地烹了自己的儿子以献给齐桓公——此类行为断不能算是“以大节事君”。