2018届上海市金山区高三下学期质量监控（二模）英语试题（含答案）

2018届上海市⾦⼭区⾼三下学期质量监控（⼆模）英语试题（含答案）
2018届上海市⾦⼭区⾼三下学期质量监控（⼆模）英语试题
（含答案）
（时间120分钟，分值140分）2018年4⽉
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. For one week. B. For less than a week.
C. For two weeks.
D. Hard to say.
2. A. Go to her sister’s wedding ceremony. B. Stay at home.
C. Go to George’s birthday party.
D. Go to George’s house-warming party.
3. A. 50 dollars. B. 40 dollars. C. 60 dollars. D. 55 dollars.
4. A. She feels bored with the idea. B. She thinks ballet is funny.
C. She will not go with the man anyway.
D. She shows interest in the show.
5. A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. D. Cloudy.
6. A. She hasn’t seen Monet’s paintings for ten years.
B. She hasn’t been to the museum for long.
C. She has been interested in Monet’s paintings for ten years.
D. She used to own one of Monet’s paintings.
7. A. Father and daughter. B. Friends.
C. Husband and wife.
D. Boss and his employee.
8. A. The man is not interested in the game this weekend.
B. The man is not interested in the team that will play this weekend.
C. The man doesn’t want to mention the game.
D. The man is not interested in watching any game.
9. A. She would see Ellen at last.
B. She saw Ellen for the last time not long ago.
C. She has many people to see before Ellen.
D. She wouldn’t like to see Ellen at all.
10. A. The woman is sorry for not being able to spend the holiday with the man.
B. The man is a bit annoyed because the woman didn’t tell him her plan for the winter holiday.
C. The man is sorry about not being able to go to Malaysia.
D. The woman is excited about spending the winter holiday in Malaysia without the man.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 70. B. 80. C. 130. D. 15.
12. A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays.
C. On Sundays.
D. On Mondays.
13. A. The English Family club. B. The painting club.
C. The sports club.
D. The music club.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Because they haven’t as much interest in finding the cure as in space travel.
B. Because there are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.
C. Because it is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.
D. Because they believe people can recover without treatment.
15. A. They reveal the seriousness of the problem.
B. They indicate how fast the virus spreads.
C. They tell us what kind of medicine to take.
D. They show our body is fighting the virus.
16. A. It can actually does more harm than good.
B. It causes damage to some organs of our body.
C. It works better when combined with other remedies.
D. It helps us to recover much sooner.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. It lasts till today.
B. It lasted about ten years.
C. It’s not mentioned in the conversation.
D. It lasts forever.
18. A. The commercial success of several boys and girls.
B. The funny daily stories that happened to a group of close friends.
C. How people in Manhattan made their living.
D. American culture, mainly the coffee culture.
19. A. It always received positive reviews from the critics.
B. It enjoyed a high rate of watching.
C. It was used as a tool for English learning all over the world.
D. It became a cultural phenomenon.
20. A. They may go to the ―Central Perk‖ for a cup of coffee.
B. They may open a new coffee shop together.
C. They may start practicing English with each other.
D. They may go to the woman’s place to enjoy the show.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
I was eighteen, summer fading, when my parents drove me to my university apartment. It was my first apartment. ___21___ (walk) my parents solemnly back to their car, I noticed that my mother had tears in her eyes.
I ___22___ (struggle) to hold back my own. Such a strong woman was she ___23___ it was rare to see such a show of emotion. At the time, I was rather surprised. Being the youngest of five children, I thought that my
parents were accustomed to ___24___ (let) go. But maybe it’s something that never gets any easier, ___25___ _______
_______ many practice swings you get. As my parents drove off, I realized that they would return to an empty home,
___26___ all of their children leaving to pursue dreams and lives of their own. Their nest, full of love and joy for so long, was now empty. Relishing (憧憬) my new-found freedom, I concentrated on my college life. My parents did their best to give me space to learn and grow, even if I neglected to call or visit. It was a time of ―firsts,‖ and a taste of first ―lasts.‖
I have recently been playing Travel Frog, a mobile game that has me emotionally ___27___ (influence). In the game you gather resources, send your frog on his adventures and your payoff is, *drum roll please* ... postcards. That’s right, postcards.
I thought it was a silly, overly-simplistic game at first, but then it started to bring back memories from long ago.
While the game lacks the narrative detail or the interactivity of other games, you have a lesson ___28___ (learn) from your itinerant (四处奔波的) ―Frog Son‖. You do not control when he sets off on his adventures, ___ 29___ can you be sure that your hard work will land you a coveted (梦寐以求的) postcard. This game, however, has emotionally affected many players. They ___30___ (remind) of their parents who restlessly await their return home, their familiar voices, their love. Parents sacrifice a large part of themselves for their children. It is a sacrifice that can only be paid back with love.
Section B
Directions:Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.
Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?
Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis (光合作⽤), they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They are said to ___31___ toxins from the air we breathe — but is this true?
One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989, found that indoor plants can clean the air by removing cancer-causing pollutants like formaldehyde and benzene. Later research has found that soil micro-organisms in potted plants also play a part in cleaning indoor air.
Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are ___32___ air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. ―The amount of leaf surface area can ___33___ the rate of air purification,‖ says Bill Wolverton, a former NASA research scientist who conducted that 1989 plant study.
Other experts, however, say the ___34___ that plants can effectively accomplish this feat is far from conclusive.
―There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plants can ___35___ increase the air quality in your home,‖says Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and publ ic health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. There’s no question that plants are capable of removing volatile chemical toxins from the air ―under laboratory conditions,‖according to Claudio. But in the real world —in your home or in your office space —the notion that putting a few plants together can ___36___ your air doesn’t have much hard science to back it up.
Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, sealed environments in order to
___37___ how much air-purifying power they have. But those studies aren’t really ___38___ to what happens in a house, says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture at the University of Georgia.
In many cases, the air in your home ___39___ turns over — that is, exchanges places with outdoor air —once every hour.
―In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a far greater effect on indoor air quality than plants,‖ Kays says.
Many people may be disappointed by what Kays said, but the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are ___40___ — they are not only pleasant living companions, but also provide a number of health benefits. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress by calming the sympathetic nervous system, and can also make people f eel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on a person’s mood and energy levels.
III. Reading comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
What the scientists are saying…
The first primate (灵长⽬动物) clones
For the first time, scientists have used the technique that produced Dolly the sheep to clone monkeys. The Chinese researchers who produced the two macaques say that having access to genetically identical primates will be a huge
___41___ to medical research. It will give scientists a clearer understanding of genetic ___42___ by enabling them to compare animals who are identical except for one tweaked gene; when ___43___ drugs, it will make it possible to rule out the possibility that variations in outcomes are down to genetic ___44___. But other experts have raised a host of ___45___. The somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique involves ___46___ a cell nucleus to a donated nucleus-free egg that is then prompted to develop into an embryo（胚胎）. Although 23 species have been cloned in this way, primates have only been cloned before using a less complex embryo-splitting technique. Similar to the process that creates twins, it can only lead to a very ___47___ number of genetically identical individuals. SCNT can in ___48___ lead to a far larger number of clones, but in the Chinese experiment, the fail rate was very high. The team implanted scores of embryos, but only two monkeys survived beyond a few days. ___49___ to that is the concern that by cloning a primate species, the team has broken down a significant ___50___ on the way to cloning humans.
Herbal remedy danger
Herbal remedies such as St. John’s wort and ginseng may be ___51___ when used alongside conventional drugs, reports The Guardian. In a review of medical literature, researchers at Stellenbosch University in South Africa found several
___52___ of alternative treatments appearing to ___53___ with prescription drugs, resulting in potentially dangerous side effects. In one case, the autopsy (解剖) of a 55-year-old who died while swimming concluded that the ginkgo biloba supplements he had been taking may have ___54___his anti-seizure (防⽌发作) medicine. Other cases documented patients on statins appearing to suffer complications linked to flaxseed, St. John’s wort and green tea. ―If you are taking herbal remedies, you should ___55___it to your clinician,‖ said one of the report’s authors, Dr Charles Awortwe.
41. A. threat B. damage C. benefit D. potential
42. A. variations B. diseases C. structures D. factors
43. A. manufacturing B. applying C. testing D. prescribing
44. A. mess B. differences C. losses D. recombination
45. A. concerns B. focuses C. funds D. suspicion
46. A. translating B. transferring C. connecting D. reversing
47. A. magnificent B. astonishing C. limited D. accurate
48. A. theory B. reality C. advance D. addition
49. A. Attached B. Related C. Compared D. Added
50. A. access B. key C. barrier D. contribution
51. A. harmful B. useful C. helpful D. purposeful
52. A. methods B. figures C. problems D. instances
53. A. deal B. interact C. mix D. identify
54. A. put forward B. moved up C. held down D. carried on
55. A. claim B. avoid C. classify D. mention
Section B
Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Cure for tiredness?
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surry, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a ―master‖ clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized according to factors including light.
During the study, researchers tested 10 participants to examine the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals – breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after waking. Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour intervals. In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believe the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surre y in 2013, researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the bo dy’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer, one of the study’s researchers.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the h ouse and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos in the household,‖ fellow researcher DerkJan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the ―master‖ body clock – the one controlling when we get sleepy – but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks.
And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
56. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study?
A. Connections between the ―master‖ clock and clocks in ot her parts of the body.
B. Changing meal times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
C. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new study, according to the article?
A. The interval between each meal being given was different.
B. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
58. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013?
A. All our body’s genes would b e disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cau se people to feel bad.
59. According to the article, ______.
A. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work
B. there is more than one way to reset body clocks
C. the ―master‖ body clock controls all the other bo dy clocks
D. a change in meal times can reset the ―master‖ body clock
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