高考英语北师大版一轮复习练习：选修7 Unit 19 Language Word版含解析

Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[·嘉峪关一中模拟]When you concentrate, you focus on one thing and get other thoughts out of your mind. You concentrate on schoolwork, on sports, or on some music which requires serious __1__ effort. The point is that you think of only one __2__ at a time, do it and leave it behind you.
__3__ to concentrate is important. Any adult will tell you they __4__ have at least a dozen things on their minds. When they must complete a project by a certain day and hour, they concentrate on it and __5__ several people into a work team. This __6__ a clear focus on the work—and on getting others to do their __7__.
Adults have a(n) __8__ life which may include a husband or a wife, children, and all the work of running a household. Supper must be __9__ and the broken back staircase must be fixed before someone gets __10__. If a child is sick, he or she must go to the __11__.
With all these things on their minds, how do adults __12__ the day? They know they cannot fight all their battles at one time, so they concentrate on the most __13__ task, get it done, and go onto the next.
The martial arts (武术) __14__ you this kind of concentration. To do a movement __15__，you must watch and imitate the master. Since you do not always get things right the first time, you must figure out your __16__ and correct it. The instructor is there to __17__，but you are still responsible for your personal progress. As you move up in rank (等级), more and more is demanded of you. The __18__ are increasingly complex. You have __19__ time in class and want to get the most from it. But since you have learned to concentrate on __20__ movements and get them right, you confidently accept—and meet—these greater challenges.
本文是一篇议论文。

我们去做一件事时，一定要做到专心致志、全力以赴，这样才能成功。

1．A.technical B．political
C.mental
D.social
答案：C由上句out of your mind可知：当我们要做作业、搞训练以及听音乐时，我们需要努力做到精神(mental)集中。

2．A.opinion B.person
C.question D．task
答案：D第13空所在句task有提示：关键在于我们一次只需致力于一件事(task)，把它做好，之后再放到一边。

3．A.Learning B.Agreeing
C.Promising
D.Preparing
答案：A我们从成年人身上明白：学会(Learning)专心致志很重要。

4．A.sometimes B.always
C．hardly D.probably
答案：B根据本空前Any adult可知：任何一位成年人都会告诉你，他们总是(always)挂念着许多事。

5．anize B．order
C.send
D.divide
答案：A由本空后work team得出：当他们在某个时限前必须完成某项工作时，他们就得专心致志，把一些人组织起来(organize)形成一个团队。

6．A.offers B.changes
C.adjusts
D.requires
答案：D从上句判断：就需要(requires)你很清醒地专注于工作。

7．A.lesson B.favorite
C．best D.favor
答案：C这是一个团队，所以每个成员都要尽他们最大的努力(do their best)。

8．A.city B.home
C．country D．art
答案：B根据本空后husband or a wife, children得出：成年人的家庭(home)生活可能包括丈夫、妻子、孩子以及家务劳动。

9．A.sold B.eaten
C．cooked D.bought
答案：C与本空后修理楼梯构成并列：他们需要回家做(cooked)饭，需要修理坏掉的楼梯以免家人受到伤害(hurt)。

10．A.hurt B.cheated
C.punished
D.beaten
答案：A参考上句解析。

11．A.professor B.movie
C.class
D.doctor
答案：D由本空前sick得出：如果孩子生病了，父母还得送孩子去医院(go to the doctor)。

12．A.refer to B.dream of
C.get through
D.hope for
答案：C从本空前可知：脑子里装着这么多事，也不知道他们是怎么度过(get through)每一天的。

13．A.pleasant B.hopeful
C．difficult D.urgent
答案：D根据本空前“fight all their battles at one time”得出：他们很清楚自己无法一次解决所有的事情，所以他们只捡最紧迫的(urgent)事做，做完一件事之后再做另一件。

14．A.teach B.lend
C.leave
D.spare
答案：A由后文“But since you have learned to concen­trate on...”可知：武术课就教给(teach)你如何专心致志。

15．A.quickly B.correctly
C.carefully
D.graciously
答案：B从下句get things right判断：为了正确地(correctly)做出某个动作，你必须认真观察教练并尽力模仿他的动作。

16．A.mistake B.pain
C.disadvantage D．regret
答案：A与本空前right构成对比：因为你无法在第一次就把动作做到位，所以你得明白自己到底错(mistake)在了哪儿，然后纠正它。

17．A.practice B.pay
C.watch
D.help
答案：D从本空前instructor判断：教练陪在你身边就是为了帮助(help)你。

18．A.ideas B．cultures
C.movements
D.situations
答案：C本段第二句movement有提示：你练得等级越高，动作(movements)要求也就越复杂。

19．A.fixed B.limited
C.appointed
D.wasted
答案：B由本空后get the most得出：在训练课上的时间是有限的(limited)，所以你想充分利用每一分钟。

20．A.direct B.simple
C.smart
D.wise
答案：B因为你已经学会专注简单的(simple)动作，并且做好它们，所以你能信心百倍地迎接更复杂的挑战。

Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)
A
[·河南八市联考]A middle­aged man, dressed in an old brown coat, sat quietly on a park bench with a newspaper. He lost his job and life just seems so pointless. A dark cloud of hopelessness W1hung over his head.
A little girl with a toy bear in hand was playing nearby, whose parents were busy talking with other people. To his surprise, he w itnessed W2the girl stray from the playground in the opposite direction of her parents. But her parents had no idea their daughter was running off in pursuit W3 of a butterfly.
“Maybe there was a danger，”the man abandoned W4his paper and walked in the girl's direction. His walk turned into a jog. He didn't know what he did, but he knew he'd have to move more quickly. The girl's back was turned as she continued after the butterfly. He went into a full speed after the child.
“Look out! A speeding car！...” Luckily, she was within grasp. The man reached out P1，grabbed her arm quickly and pulled her back. The girl screamed W5in terror. But the noise of the busy streets served to mute her cries to those nearby.
“Let me go！” the girl shouted.
The man kept hold of her, knelt, and looked her in the eyes. “You should be more careful! Never play near the streets.”
“I'm sorry I frightened you. Just get back to your parents, kid.” He let go, fully expecting the girl to run away in tears, however, she stayed, staring fixedly at the ground.
“I'm sorry, mister. I had thought you were a bad man. My toy is now for you.”
“Look，” the man sighed, “No need to apologize. You are safer from now on.”
She started off, and then turned to wave before she continued back to her folks.
The man kept his eyes on P2her until she reached her parents. “Maybe life isn't so bad after all. At least there's still some beauty left in this city.S”He thought and regained confidence towards life.
一个失去工作且对生活失去信心的人，在自己绝望的时候，救了一个面临危险的小女孩，之后感到这个世界上还是有很多值得珍惜的东西。

1．Why did the man feel depressed at the beginning?
A．No one bought his newspaper.
B．He wanted a higher position.
C．People ignored him.
D．He was out of work.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据第一段“He lost his job and life just seems so pointless. A dark cloud of hopelessness hung over his head.”可知，这个人失去了工作，因此感到很失望。

2．What did the girl's parents do when a danger appeared?
A．They had a chat with their friends.
B．They read newspapers on a bench.
C．They tried to catch the butterfly.
D．They witnessed a terrible accident.
答案：A细节理解题。

根据第二段“A little girl with a toy bear in hand was playing nearby, whose parents were busy talking with other people.”可知，小女孩的父母正与他们的朋友聊天，因此当小女孩面临危险的时候，他们根本没注意到。

3．How did the little girl feel after realizing the man's behavior?
A．Annoyed. B．Thankful.
C．Terrified. D．Excited.
答案：B推理判断题。

根据文章“Let me go！” the girl shouted.可知，起初小女孩不知道那个人的意图，再结合下文“I'm sorry I frightened you. Just get back to your parents, kid.”可知，那个男人解释了自己的行为。

“I'm sorry, mister. I had thought you were a bad man. My toy is now for you.”可知，小女孩因为误解了他而感到羞愧并进而充满了感激之情。

4．What can we learn from the story?
A．Where there is a will, there is a way.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．Helping others means helping oneself.
D．It's never too late to learn.
答案：C主旨大意题。

绝望的人在拯救了一个小女孩后又对生活充满了希望，暗示出帮助他人也就是帮助自己。

W重点词汇
1．hopelessness n. 绝望；无望
2．witness v t./n. 目睹；目击证人
3．pursuit n. 追求；追赶
4．abandon v t. 放弃；抛弃
5．scream n．/v t. 尖叫；尖叫声
P重点短语
1．reach out 伸出 2.keep one's eyes on 盯着；照看
S句式仿写
原文：At least there's still some beauty left in this city.(过去分词作定语)
译文：至少这个城市里仍然还留有一些美的东西。

仿写：There have been several new events added_to_the_program for the Olympic Games.
有几项新活动增加到的奥运项目中。

B
[·荆州中学质检]We take it for granted P1that with memory we can remember most of things which happened in our life. But it is difficult to imagine w hat life w ould be like w ithout memory.S The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions (感知), the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.
Memory can be defined as the ability to keep information available for later use. It not only includes “remembering” things like arithmetic (算术) or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed W1something suspicious in the grain pile.
Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity (容量) of a computer with that of a human being. The instant W2access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”—strings of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average US teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 1,000,000 words of English. However, this is but a part of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.
The use of words is the basis of the ad v anced W3problem solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands W4the number and the kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may w ell P2be this capacity that distinguishes W5humans, setting them apart from other animals.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是与memory相关的情况：定义，记忆存在的形式，以及记忆的作用。

5．Which of the following is TRUE about memory?
A．It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.
B．It is based on the decisions we made in the past.
C．It is rooted in our past habits and skills.
D．It connects our past experiences with the present.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据第一段“...perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and
the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences”可知A、B、C三项错误，故选D，亦可根据“which are brought into the present by memory”确定D项正确。

6．According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT that ________.
A．it involves a change in one's behavior
B．it ke information for later use
C．it warns people not to do things repeatedly
D．it enables one to remember events that happened in the past
答案：C细节理解题。

根据第二段“Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious...”可知。

7．What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?
A．It can be expanded by language.
B．It can remember all the combined words.
C．It may keep all the information in the past.
D．It may change what has been stored in it.
答案：B根据文章最后一段“It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.”可知。

8．Human beings make themselves different from other animals by ________.
A．having the ability to perceive danger
B．having a far greater memory capacity
C．having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight
D．having the ability to draw on past experiences
答案：B推理判断题。

根据文章第三段讲述的内容，尤其是“However, this is but a part of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored.”可推知答案。

W重点词汇
1．sniff v i./vt. 嗅；闻 2.instant adj./n. 立刻；瞬间
3．advanced adj. 先进的；高等的
4．expand v t./v i. 扩张；展开
5．distinguish v t. 区分；辨别；使杰出
P重点短语
1．take...for granted 认为……理所应当
2．may well 很可能
S句式仿写
原文：But it is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory.(虚拟语气)
译文：但是很难想象没有记忆生活会是什么样的。

仿写：Without appropriate software, a_computer_would_be_a_
mere_box.
没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了。

Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[·衡水中学调研]Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family among us and the ticket counter.
This family made deep impression on me. There were eight children, both probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn't have a lot of money. Their clothes was not expensive, and they were clean. The children were well­behaved, all of us standing in line, two­by­two behind their parents, held hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and another performances where that they would see that night. Everyone could sense they have never been to the circus before.
答案：
Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family among
between
us and the ticket counter.
This family made ∧
a deep impression on me. There were eight children, both
all
probably
under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn't have a lot of money. Their clothes was
were
not
expensive, and
but they were clean. The children were well­behaved, all of us
them
standing in line,
two­by­two behind their parents, held
holding
hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns,
elephants and another
other performances whether
＼that they would see that night. Everyone could
sense they have
had
never been to the circus before.。