江苏省南京市六校联合体2020届高三英语上学期12月联考试题(含解析)

南京市六校联合体高三年级12月份联考试卷
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷（满分85分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man imply?
A. He won’t listen to the woman.
B. He doesn’t know th e woman.
C. He mistook the woman for someone else.
2. Where might the speakers be?
A. In a restaurant.
B. At the man’s house.
C. In a supermarket.[学+科
3. What will the man probably do next?
A. Check out of his hotel.
B. Take some medicine.
C. See a doctor.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Get a new car.
B. Get a new job.
C. Fix his car.
5. Why did the girl run into the man?
A. She was running too fast.
B. She was looking at her phone.
C. She was holding too many papers.
第二节（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时
间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. What does the man care about most?
A. Spending less money.
B. Being comfortable.
C. Using the least time.
7. How many times will the man need to change trains?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. None.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. What is the difference between the first two sandwiches?
A. The meat.
B. The vegetables.
C. The bread.
9. Where does this conversation happen?
A. In a coffee shop.
B. In a school canteen.
C. In a fast food restaurant.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. How much does the man pay for car insurance?
A. $100 a month.
B. $200 a month.
C. $1,000 a year.
11. What is the woman’s point in the conversation?
A. Men drive more carelessly than women.
B. The man is a great driver.
C. She seldom uses her car.
12. How many accidents has the woman been in this past year?
A. Four.
B. Three.
C. Zero.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. How does the woman feel about studying psychology?
A. It would be easy to find a job.
B. She would get good grades.
C. It would help her writing.
14. What degree does the woman already have?
A. A Ph.D. degree.
B. A master’s degr ee.
C. BA. degree.
15. How will the woman start her new career?
A. Start at the bottom and keep working.
B. Go straight to Wall Street.
C. Wait patiently for the perfect opportunity.
16. What does the man think about the woman’s idea?
A. Her kids might not support her.
B. It might be hard to make money.
C. She might have problems making friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Who is listening to the lecture?
A. Psychology teachers.
B. Psychology majors.
C. High school students.
18. How long does each lecture last?
A. One hour.
B. Two hours.
C. One and a half hours.
19. What does the speaker say about the exams?
A. There will be six of them.
B. They can be made up later.
C. They are harder than might be expected.
20. How can the speaker be reached outside of class?
A. Mainly by email.
B. Only by calling him directly.
C. By coming to his office from 3:00-5:00 p.m. any day.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡中将选项涂黑。

1.According to the bank rules released recently, you have to pay a 25% ________ on each cheque you cash.
A. admission
B. pension
C. allowance
D. commission
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。

A. admission承认；B. pension抚恤金； C. allowance津贴；
D. commission佣金。

句意：根据银行最近公布的规定，你每兑现一张支票必须付25%的手续费。

故答案为D。

2.The people succeeded because they understood that you can’t let your failures _________ you ——you have to let your failures teach you.
A. define
B. decline
C. qualify
D. simplify
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。

A. define定义；B. decline下降；C. qualify限定；D. simplify 简化。

句意：人们成功是因为他们明白，你不能让失败定义你——你必须让失败教会你。

故选A。

3.If you ever aren’t sure whether you have bought the very best smartphone, just _________ “good enough.”
A. make for
B. settle for
C. answer for
D. account for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组。

A. make for有助于；B. settle for勉强同意；C. answer for对---负责；D. account for对---作出解释。

句意：如果你曾经不确定是否买过最好的智能手机，就满足于“足够好”。

故选B。

4.He’s quite _________, but I can’t ima gine him as president of such a large listed company.
A. enthusiastic
B. generous
C. competent
D. sympathetic
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。

A. enthusiastic热情的；B. generous慷慨的；C. competent 有能力的；D. sympathetic同情的。

句意：他很有能力，但我无法想象他会成为这么大的上市公司的总裁。

故选C。

5.A mother rec ognizes the feel of her child’s skin when blindfolded. _________, she can instantly identify her baby’s cry.
A. Similarly
B. Meanwhile
C. Nevertheless
D. Accordingly
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。

A. Similarly相似地；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Nevertheless 然而；D. Accordingly因此。

句意：母亲在蒙上眼睛时能感觉到孩子的皮肤。

同样地，她可以立即识别婴儿的哭声。

故选A。

6.Throughout history, China never colonized any nation. _________ this peaceful tradition, it is committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
A. In line with
B. In regard to
C. In harmony with
D. In addition to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查词组。

A. In line with与---一致；B. In regard to关于，至于；
C. In harmony with与---协调；
D. In addition to除---之外。

句意：纵观历史，中国从未殖民过任何国家。

本着这一和平传统，中国致力于建设人类命运共同体。

故选A。

7.——What was wrong? Why didn’t you go to the picnic as schedule d? ——I’m sorry. I _________ a seriously-injured old man to the hospital.
A. would deliver
B. delivered
C. had delivered
D. was delivering
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。

句意：—出什么事了?你为什么没有按计划去野餐?—我很抱歉。

我正在把一个严重受伤的老人送到医院。

结合句意可知此处是表示在过去某一段时间内正在做某事，所以用过去进行时态，故选D。

8.The event that _________ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when
I was 14 years old. It has never escaped.
A. stood out
B. stands out
C. would stand out
D. has stood out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。

句意：在我的记忆中最突出的事件发生在1983年的一个早晨，当时我14岁。

它从未逃出过我的记忆。

此处指目前的一种客观事实，所以要用一般现在时态，故选B。

9.Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups _________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world.
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：由于许多以前的吸毒者有心理问题，他们往往需要一些支持小组，在那里他们可以谈论他们的努力，并在世界上找到管理的新方法。

此处groups是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为C。

【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。

先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词groups，再分析先行词groups在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词groups带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where。

10.I really do n’t know _________ she gets by on such a modest salary.
A. what
B. why
C. how
D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。

句意：我真不知道她靠这么微薄的工资是怎么生活的。

此处是how引导的宾语从句，故选C。

11.______ you hear from me to the contrary, expect me on Friday at about 6 pm.
A. Unless
B. Until
C. While
D. Although
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。

A. Unless除非；B. Until 直到---为止；C. While 当---时候；D. Although尽管。

句意：除非你接到相反的通知，否则星期五下午6点左右见。

此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，故选A。

12.Much to their delight, their new project _____ at the conference, the
excited scholars decided to have a barbecue in honour of the fantastic moment.
A. to approve
B. being approved
C. having approved
D. having been approved
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词的独立主格结构。

句意：令他们非常高兴的是，他们的新项目在会议上被批准了，兴奋的学者们决定举行烧烤来庆祝这一神奇的时刻。

此处句子的主语是the excited scholars；their new project是动词approve的逻辑主语，动词approve的动作先于谓语动词的动作decide，且与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，所以这里用现在分词完成式的被动式，并与逻辑主语构成现在分词的独立主格结构作时间状语。

故选D。

13.—— David should lie to his best friend in order to get the well-paid job!
—— It is typical of him because he ________.
A. is facing his Waterloo
B. is visually challenged
C. has cast-iron nerves
D. worships the golden calf
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查句意理解题。

A. is facing his Waterloo面对滑铁卢；. is visually challenged视力障碍；
C. has cast-iron nerves意志坚强；
D. worships the golden calf崇拜金钱。

句意：—为了得到那份高薪的工作，大卫竟然对他最好的朋友撒谎。

—这是他的特点，因为他崇拜金钱。

结合句意可知答案为D。

14.—— Congratulations on your promotion. Go out for dinner, OK?
—— Good! __________, just you and me.
A. Follow me
B. My treat
C. My pleasure
D. Allow me
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。

A. Follow me跟我学；B. My treat 我请客；C. My pleasure 别客气；D. Allow me让我试试。

句意：—祝贺你晋升。

出去吃晚饭，好吗?—!我请客，只有你和我。

结合句意可知答案为B。

15.Why ________ you choose to work in a remote village school when you can own a respectable job in a city?
A. need
B. should
C. must
D. will
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：既然你能在城市里找到一份体面的工作，为什么还要选择在偏远的乡村学校工作呢?此处考查must的特殊用法，“偏偏，非要”，故选C。

第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Danielle was living in a new city with no local bank of her own. She desperately needed to ___16___ a bank to cash her paycheck. For more than two weeks, she made ___17___ one after another but in vain. How could she continue to ___18___ herself and her two children as a single mother?
Taking a break from her ___19___, Danielle decided to attend a meeting at the local women's resource center. The women there had been a strong source of encouragement since she fled her home ___20___ for her safety. Sitting next to Danielle, Amy began to share the details of her ___21___situation. She was just days away from ___22___ her home and her car. Her phone and electric services were both scheduled to be ___23___. Her husband had gambled
away their money. She had nothing left. Nothing!
As Amy described the degree of the situation, Danielle ___24___ God’s soft whisper in her heart: “After the meeting, give Amy twenty dollars.” Danielle immediately thought, “But I can’t. I only have forty dollars.” She heard the ___25___ again. Danielle knew she needed to follow. When the meeting ___26___, she reached into her purse and ___27___ handed twenty dollars to Amy. Knowing Danielle's situation, Amy was ___28___ to accept it at first. But as a crowd of women ___29___ to give Amy hugs of support, Danielle told her that God wanted her to have it. Then Danielle left.
Now with just twenty dollars left in her wallet, Danielle decided to ___30___ cashing her paycheck at just one more bank before heading home. ___31___ she expected the rejection she had received at so many other banks, she was ___32___ filled with renewed confidence and optimism. Hopefully, she walked into the bank next to the women's center. Moments later, the bank ___33___ her paycheck with no questions asked. Wearing a big smile, Danielle returned home.
As for Danielle, it has been three years since that day. Realizing true hope has no ___34___, she continues to be ___35___ for the lifetime supply that she received for just twenty dollars.
16. A. select B. find C. consult D. search
17. A. decisions B. choices C. appointments D. attempts
18. A. encourage B. believe C. support D. comfort
19. A. ambitions B. struggles C. failures D. experiences
20. A. in fear B. in debt C. in public D. in doubt
21. A. similar B. unique C. desperate D. social
22. A. ruining B. leaving C. missing D. losing
23. A. cancelled B. reduced C. abolished D. charged
24. A. received B. found C. heard D. felt
25. A. story B. advice C. order D. voice
26. A. followed B. lasted C. concluded D. agreed
27. A. quietly B. politely C. happily D. sadly
28. A. unlikely B. unwilling C. eager D. embarrassed
29. A. intended B. approached C. managed D. continued
30. A. avoid B. try C. consider D. risk
31. A. If B. But C. Since D. While
32. A. anyhow B. somehow C. therefore D. otherwise
33. A. counted B. checked C. cashed D. tested
34. A. price B. cost C. cause D. purpose
35. A. ready B. welcome C. fortunate D. thankful
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23.
A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28.
B 29. B 30. B 31. D
32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了Danielle的一段困难的
经历。

Danielle需要找到一家银行取钱，她一家一家的尝试，但都是白费力气，作为单身
母亲，她不知道怎样养活她自己和两个孩子，一次聚会让她从挣扎，困苦的生活中
获得片刻的喘息。

在那里她遇到了Amy，Amy丢了她的家和车；她的电话和电因欠费
而被取消；他的丈夫拿走了所有的钱，所以Amy一无所有了。

当会议结束的时候，Danielle给了她自己40美元的一半给了Amy，然后Danielle又去尝试一家银行，
结果成功取得了钱。

尽管真正的希望是没有价格的，但是她仍旧感激那只有20美元
的生活经历。

【16题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据上句with no local bank of her own可知她需要找到一家银
行取钱，所以用B表示"发现"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"挑选"；C表示"咨询"；D"搜查"。

【17题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据本句的but in vain可知她一家一家的尝试，但都是白费力气，所以答案是D"尝试""。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"决定"；B表示"选择"；C表示"约会"。

【18题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据本句的herself and her two children as a single mother 可知作为单身母亲，她不在怎样养活她自己和两个孩子，所以答案是C表示"支持，养活"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"鼓励"；B表示"相信"；D表示"安慰"。

【19题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据上句可知她的生活很难，所以本句Taking a break from her 表示"从挣扎，困苦的生活中获得片刻的喘息"，所以答案是B表示"挣扎，困苦"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"抱负"；C表示"失败"；D表示"经历"。

【20题详解】
考查介词短语。

根据本句的The women there had been a strong source of encouragement 可知她获得了勇气，不再害怕生活的困苦，所以答案是A表示"恐惧"。

其他选项的含义分别是B表示"负债"；C表示"在公共场合"；D表示"怀疑"。

【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据后文She was just days away from （7）D her home and her car．Her phone and electric services were both scheduled to be（8）A．Her husband had gambled away their money．She had nothing left．Nothing．可知表示的是这个女人的一无所有的令人绝望的处境，所以答案是C表示"令人绝望的"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"相似的"；B表示"独特的"；D表示"社会的"。

【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据后文的She had nothing left．Nothing可知她丢了她的家和车，所以答案是D表示"丢失"；其他选项的含义分别是A表示"毁灭"；B表示"离开
"；C表示"错过"。

【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据后文的She had nothing left．Nothing可知本句表示她的电话和电因欠费而被取消，所以答案是A"取消"．其他选项的含义分别是B表示"减少"；C表示废除；D表示"改变"。

【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据宾语God's soft whisper in her heart可知动词用heard表示"听到上帝的声音"，所以答案是C表示"听到"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"收到"；B表示"发现"；D表示"感到"。

【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据上文的God's soft whisper in her heart可知本句表示"她又听到了这个声音"，表示人说话的声音用voice，所以答案是D表示"嗓音"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"故事"；B表示"建议"；C表示"命令"。

【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据上文的After the meeting，give Amy twenty dollar可知本句表示"当会议结束的时候"，所以答案是C表示"推断，结束"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"跟随"；B表示"持续"；D表示同意。

【27题详解】
考查副词辨析。

Danielle给Amy钱的时候没有说话，所以用A表示"安静地"。

其他选项的含义分别是B表示"礼貌地"；C表示"高兴地"；D表示"悲哀地"。

【28题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据Knowing Danielle's situation可知Amy知道Danielle的境况也不好，所以不愿意接受Danielle的钱，所以答案是B表示"不愿意"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"可怕的"；C表示"渴望的"；D表示"尴尬的"。

【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据to give Amy hugs of support可知本句表示"当其他女人靠近给Amy拥抱的时候"，所以答案用B表示"靠近，接近"。

其他选项的含义分别是A
表示"打算"；C表示"设法"；D表示"继续"。

【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据cashing her paycheck at just one more bank before heading home和第2题，可知Danielle又去尝试一家银行，所以答案用B表示"尝试"。

【31题详解】
考查连词。

根据she expected the rejection she had received at so many other banks（她预料自己会被拒绝），she was（17）filled with renewed confidence and optimism（她重新充满了信心和勇气）的含义可知两句之间是让步关系，所以答案是D表示"当…时候，尽管"引导让步状语从句。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"如果"，引导条件状语从句；B表示"但是"，引导并列句；C表示"自从，既然"。

【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。

根据16题可知本句表示"不知怎地，她重新充满了信心和勇气"，所以答案是A表示"无论如何"。

C表示"因此"；B不知怎么地；D表示"否则"。

【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据11题 to cash her paycheck可知她想要取现金，所以用C表示"取现"。

其他选项的含义分别是A表示"数数"；B表示"核对"；D表示"测试"。

【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据上文可知她在又尝试了一次的时候，取到了钱，所以本句表示"真正的希望是没有价格的，但是她仍旧感激那只有20美元的生活经历"，所以答案是A表示"价格"和下句的she received for just twenty dollars呼应。

【35题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据上文可知她在又尝试了一次的时候，取到了钱，所以本句表示"真正的希望是没有价格的，但是她仍旧感激那只有20美元的生活经历"，可知答案用D表示"感激的"。

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
For many parents, the most confusing part about choosing pre-schools is trying to make sense of terms such as “Montessori Method”, “Waldorf Approach”. What do these terms mean and how can these terms hel p you choose a preschool?
Oftentimes, the key difference between settings is connected to the preschool’s “educational philosophy”. While educational philosophies are numerous and their definitions are not set in stone, we have provided you with definitions for some of the most popular philosophies.
The Montessori Method
Focuses on maintaining the individuality of each child in the learning process. This method believes each child learns at their own pace and educational progress should not be rendered based on comparing students to one another.
The Reggio Emilia Approach
This approach focuses on providing opportunities for problem solving through creative thinking and exploration.
The Waldorf Approach
This approach places an emphasis on imagination in learning, providing students with opportunities to explore their world through the senses, participation and analytical thought.
The Bank Street Approach
This approach places an emphasis on learning through multiple perspectives, both in the classroom setting and in the natural world.
The High/ Scope Approach
This approach focuses on letting children be in charge of their own learning. Children are taught to make a plan for what they would like to do
each day and participate in a review session to discuss the success of their plan and brainstorm ideas for the next day.
Outside of the formal educational philosophy, knowing the difference between other common early childhood terms will help you make informed decisions regarding your child’s education.
36. If a pre-school stresses each child’s learning progress, it may employ ___________.
A. The Reggio Emilia Approach
B. The Montessori Method
C. The Bank Street Approach
D. The Waldorf Approach
37. According to the passage, which of the following is True ?
A. The Scope Approach is to let children learn all by themselves.
B. The definitions of educational philosophy remain the same.
C. To some extent, educational philosophies determine the differences between preschools.
D. The most confusing part about choosing pre-school is to choose educational philosophy.
【答案】36. B 37. C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。

教育理念在一定程度上决定了幼儿园之间的差异。

对许多家长来说，选择学前教育最令人困惑的部分是试图弄懂诸如“蒙特梭利方法”、“华德福方法”等术语。

这些术语是什么意思?这些术语如何帮助您选择幼儿园?
【36题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段The Montessori Method中Focuses on maintaining the individuality of each child in the learning process. This method believes each child learns at their own pace and educational progress should not be rendered based on comparing students to one another.可知，如果一个学前学校强调每个孩子的学习进步，它可以采用The Montessori Method。

故选B。

【37题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段中第一句Oftentimes, the key difference between settings is connected to the preschool’s “educational philosophy”.可知，教育理念在一定程度上决定了幼儿园之间的差异。

故选C。

B
High-sugar diets raise risks for heart disease, obesity and diabetes, but we do love our sweets, so health experts have tried to suggest alternatives, and honey has been foremost among them.
Honey is actually sweeter than sugar is , which means, in theory at least, that you could enhance flavor equally with a smaller quantity of honey. But honey actually has a higher calorie count. It may have more minerals, which looks better on a label but, in reality, these are such trace amounts that they don’t offer any real advantages.
Honey’s reputation as a medicine is not wholly unfounded. Some honey does indeed have antibacterial properties. One byproduct of enzymes in honey is hydrogen peroxide, a powerful germ killer. Plus, honey’s texture and consistency are good for keeping wounds clean, and bad for bugs that might want to infect them. Honey is moist and its gooey consistency mean it can easily spread over and stay over wounds while keeping the tissue from becoming dry and fragile. The sticky substance means bacteria can not accumulate and multiply easily. It is particularly well-known for fighting bacteria like staph, salmonella, E. Coliand certain bacteria that can infect the gut and cause ulcers.
However, scientists can only say this for sure about Makuna and Malaysian Tualang honey. We don’t know yet whether local home grown honey has the same potency-or safety. A hot cup of tea with some honey stirred in certainly sounds like it would make you feel better. But it’s difficult to say for
sure that it will.
When you have a cold, contact with warm water (from tea) may help to bust up phlegm(痰）that blocks your airways. But some suspect the real secret to the qualities of a cuppa is in the honey. There are studies that suggest that honey does work as well or better than cough suppressant（抑制性的）drugs like Robitussin.
Most of these, however, were considered by the academic world to be widely misinterpreted by the media. One of the findings that seemed to have given the honey trend some additional legs came from a study that said there was “no difference”, statistically speaking, between honey and one particular cough suppressant.
38. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Honey has more minerals than sugar.
B. Honey can be used to treat wounds.
C. The sweetness in honey can fight bacteria.
D. All kinds of honey can act as medicines.
39. What is the author's attitude when it comes to the functions of honey?
A. Objective
B. Critical
C. Supportive
D. Skeptical
40. What might be talked about next?
A. Honey will be widely used in other fields.
B. Honey will not be recommended in medical treatment any more.
C. Other studies showed honey worked better than some cough medicines.
D. Other studies showed neither honey nor some cough medicines functioned well.
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。

高糖饮食会增加患心脏病、肥胖症和糖尿病的风险，但我们确实爱吃甜食，所以健康专家们试图提出替代食品，蜂蜜是其中最重要的。

同时蜂蜜可以用来治疗伤口。

【38题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段中Plus, honey’s texture and consistency are good for keeping wounds clean, and bad for bugs that might want to infect them.可知，蜂蜜可以用来治疗伤口。

故选B。

【39题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第五段中There are studies that suggest that honey does work as well or better than cough suppressant（抑制性的）drugs like Robitussin.和第六段第一句Most of these, however, were considered by the academic world to be widely misinterpreted by the media.可知，作者对蜂蜜的作用持客观的态度。

故选A。

【40题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中One of the findings that seemed to have given the honey trend some additional legs came from a study that said there was “no difference”, statistically speaking, between honey and one particular cough suppressant.可知，文章接下来讲述的应该是“蜂蜜将不再被推荐用于医疗。

”故选B。

【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。

本题第3小题，根据最后一段中One of the findings that seemed to have given the honey trend some additional legs came from a study that sai d there was “no difference”, statistically speaking, between honey and one particular cough suppressant.可知，文章接下来讲述的应该是“蜂蜜将不再被推荐用于医疗。

”故选B。

C
Early in the Iliad, Homer's epic poem（史诗）about the legendary, Trojan War, there occurs a famous anecdote known as the catalogue of ships, which names all the Greek leaders and contingents(小分队) who came to fight at Troy. Before unfolding this impressive muster roll (花名册)，Homer makes a special, public appeal to the Muses to ensure he gets the facts right: Tell me now, Muses, who have your homes on Olympus-- for you are goddesses, and ever-present, and know all things, and we hear only rumour: nor do we know anything
These lines reflect a central claim of epic poetry—that through the inspiration of the Muses, daughters of Memory, it can preserve the knowledge of people and the events of the past —a formidable power in the non-literate, oral cultures in which the Iliad evolved. The Iliad was composed around 750-700 BC, but its origins lie at least some five centuries earlier, deep in the Mycenaean Bronze Age---the world the Iliad poetically evokes.
The Iliad is keenly aware of its role as the keeper of memory, and credibility is central to its storytelling. The epic is a work of fiction, and relates the events of a few weeks in the tenth and final year of the Trojan War fought between Greeks and Trojans over beautiful Helen, the Greek queen who deserted her husband to elope with a Trojan prince. Its cast of characters includes not only warriors and their captives and families, but the immortal Olympian gods, who perform many supernatural acts in the course of their eager participation in the action around Troy.
The Iliad has the reputation for being an exclusively(专门地) male epic, weak on female characters, but to choose only one example—Homer's delicate characterization of Helen as a woman driven by reluctant remorseful(悔恨的) passion is as hauntingly（萦绕心头地）credible as any Anna Karenina.
Longinus, a scholar in the 1st Century AD wrote that in recording as he does the wounding of the gods, their quarrels, vengeance, tears, imprisonment and all their passions Homer has done his best to make the men in the Iliad gods and gods men. The scene between Achilles and Priam displays this inversion and crystallises what the Iliad poets had learned in the course of the epic’s Journey. That the gods we worship might not answer, and on occasion humanity must rise to fill their place. That glory is closely associated with painful loss. That the victor shares the humanity of the most vulnerable of the vanquished（战败者）; that there is no such thing as pure victory in war.
41. The Iliad about the legendary Trojan War, might date back to _______.
A. the third century BC
B. the seventh century BC
C. the eighth century BC
D. the thirteenth century BC
42. According to the passage,______________________________.
A. being reliable is essential to the storytelling of the Iliad
B. Trojan War between Greeks and Trojans lasted over a decade
C. Trojan War ended owning to the Olympian gods’ absence
D. beautiful Helen is a woman worth respecting in the Iliad
43. Why does the Iliad have the reputation for being an exclusively male epic?
A. Because it focuses only on men and war.
B. Because too few females were well depicted.
C. Because its cast of characters includes only males.
D. Because Helen was described as a passionate woman.
44. Which of the following statements doesn’t agree with the author’s idea?
A. Pure victory in war does not exist at all.
B. Glory is naturally accompanied with saddening loss.
C. The victor gains everything without any emotional loss.
D. Both the victor and the vanquished share the same humanity.
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。

在荷马史诗《伊利亚特》(Iliad)的早期，关于传说中的特洛伊战争(Trojan War)，有一段著名的轶事，叫做《船只目录》(catalogue of ships)，它列出了所有前来特洛伊作战的希腊领导人和特遣部队的名字。

之前展开这个令人印象深刻的花名册，荷马是一个特殊的、公开呼吁Muses、确保他得到正确的事实：Muses，请告诉我，你们在奥林匹斯山上有自己的家，因为你们是众神，无所不知。

【41题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段中The Iliad was composed around 750-700 BC, but its origins lie at least some five centuries earlier,可知，关于传说中的特洛伊战争的《伊利亚特》，可以追溯到公元前13世纪。

故选D。

【42题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第四段第一句The Iliad is keenly aware of its role as the keeper of memory, and credibility is central to its storytelling.可知，根据这篇文章，可靠是伊利亚特讲故事的关键。

故选A。

【43题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第五段第一句The Iliad has the reputation for being an exclusively(专门地) male epic, weak on female characters,可知，《伊利亚特》被誉为唯一的男性史诗因为很少有女性得到很好的刻画。

故选B。

【44题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中That glory is closely associated with painful loss. That the victor shares the humanity of the most vulnerable of the vanquished （战败者）; that there is no such thing as pure victory in war.可知，C项“胜利者得到了一切，没有任何情感上的损失”的陈述不同意作者的观点。

故原答案为C。

D
When Oscar Pistorius was convicted (证明有罪的)murder last month, the judge described the case as a “human tragedy of Shakespearean proportions”. The Paralympic athlete’s fall from grace made this comparison appropriate: overcoming severe disability to reach “Olympian heights”, falling in love with a b eautiful model, and, in a coincidence that wouldn’t be out of place in one of the plays, taking her life on Valentine’s Day. Mr. Pistorius’s tragic flaw was that he was an excessive paranoia（偏执狂）, which showed itself in an enthusiasm for guns.
Mr. Pistoriu s’s case is, indeed, peculiarly Shakespearean. But Justice Eric Leach, who delivered the judgment, is but one of those who have turned to the playwright in times of legal need. In 2020, Britain’s High Court quoted “King Lear” in a trial regarding a “threatening” joke on Twitter —they eventually overturned a conviction on the grounds that social-media users “are free to speak not what they ought to say, but what they feel”.
A choice snippet of “Hamlet” (“a little patch of ground that hath no profit in it bu t the name”) was quoted in a 2020 boundary dispute. “Henry VIII” was called forth by Senator Sam Ervin Jr during the Watergate hearings. The condemnation of Dzokhar Tsarnaev, involved in the 2020 Boston Marathon bombings, was sealed with lines from “Julius Caesar”: “the evil that men do lives after them; the good is often buried with their bones.”
Lawyers’ love of Shakespeare is appropriate given that more of his lines are devoted to discussing law than any other profession. Some think his knowledge of the law was so detailed that the “real” Shakespeare must have been a lawyer. A study by Scott Dodson and Ami Dodson published last year set out to discover “the most literary justice” of those currently sitting(开庭), and which authors were regularly turned to for quotable wisdom. The “most abundant citer and the widest read” was found to be Antonin Scalia,。