山东省实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题
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山东省实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、阅读理解
A great family day out doesn’t have to be expensive.Sometimes just going for a walk can be fun,educational,and a chance to make special memories together and share some quality time.Here are a few of our family-friendly favorites.
Blickling Estate,Norfolk
This four-mile multi-use path has a surface that’s great for pushchairs.If you’re out for a family walk and the kids won’t leave the house without their pushbikes,then this is perfect for them.Please bear in mind that you’ll need to book a ticket before visiting.
Coughton Court family walk,Warwickshire
Get your boots on and go for a gentle walk at Coughton Court.This walk will take you across a field with grass and flowers.You’ll need to book a ticket before visiting,though.
Corfe Common history walk
A gentle walk exploring historic Corfe Castle.The kids will love checking out the castle ruins.Don’t forget to book a ticket before visiting.
Crom wildlife walk
This walk through the nature reserve at Crom,Northern Ireland is filled with wildlife.You could also come across one of the oldest yew trees in Ireland.This easy walk is great for all the family to get some fresh air.Booking a ticket before visiting is a must.
Sutton Hoo,Suffolk
This is a great walk for little legs.This beautiful area is home to one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of all time.Even though no tours or guides are currently offered,you can still walk around the ancient places.Tickets are required before visiting.
1.What do we know about Blickling Estate?
A.It is pushchair-friendly.B.It is famous for its wildlife.
C.It is an adventurous place for adults.D.It is home to the oldest yew trees.
2.Which walk should you choose if you want to see the castle ruins?
A.Coughton Court family walk.B.Corfe Common history walk.
C.Crom wildlife walk.D.Sutton Hoo walk.
3.What do these five walks have in common?
A.They have guides.B.They need to be booked ahead of time.
C.They are unfit for seniors.D.They include exploring historic buildings.
Isadora Duncan is considered by many to be the progenitor of modern dance.To Duncan,classical ballet,with its strict rules of posture and formation,was“ugly and against nature”.She refused to accept traditional ballet steps,
preferring to emphasize improvisation(即兴创作),emotion,and the human form.She said,“I spent long days and nights in the studio seeking that dance which might be the expression of the human spirit through the body’s movements.”By making connections between human emotion and the movements of dance,Duncan hoped to make dance a form of high art rather than simple entertainment.She developed free and natural movements inspired by the classical Greek arts,folk dances,social dances and natural forces.She drew on a number of sports moves,including skipping,running,jumping, leaping,and tossing.The athleticism and classical roots of her style are reflected in her innovative costume choice of a Grecian tunic(束腰外衣)and bare feet,which allowed for a physical freedom that could not be achieved in the traditional ballet costumes and pointed shoes that limited dancers.With time,she gained a very wide following and set up several schools in Europe and the United States.
Duncan’s fame,however,did not bring her wealth.In the later years of her life,her financial situation worsened, and finally she had to live in apartments rented by friends and supporters.Duncan also received criticism for some of her personal opinions.
In spite of the problems,Duncan is remembered today for her artistic achievements:the creation of modern dance and its high place among the arts.While Duncan’s own schools no longer exist,her style of dance continues to be practiced.Her life inspired novels,ballets,and films,and her likeness was included in the sculpture created by Antoine Bourdelle over the entrance of the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées.
4.What does the underlined word“progenitor”Paragraph1probably mean?
A.Sponsor.B.Originator.C.Instructor.D.Competitor.
5.What can we learn about Duncan’s costume choice?
A.It allowed dancers to move naturally and freely.
B.It included newly designed pointed shoes.
C.It was white and extremely simple.
D.It was introduced from Greece.
6.What is the main purpose of the second paragraph?
A.To explore the connection between art and wealth.
B.To characterize Duncan as a dishonorable person.
C.To prove Duncan was adored by friends and relatives.
D.To show Duncan lived a hard life in her declining years.
7.What is Duncan mainly famous for?
A.Her inspiration for artists.B.The invention of a new-form dance.
C.Her special personal views.D.The foundation of many dance schools.
Users of Google Gemini,the tech giant’s artificial intelligence model,recently noticed that asking it to create
images of Vikings,or German soldiers from1943produced surprising results:hardly any of the people were white. Other image-generation tools have been criticized because they tend to show white men when asked for images of entrepreneurs or doctors.Google wanted Gemini to avoid this trap;instead,it fell into another one,depicting George Washington as black.Now attention has moved on to the chatbot’s text responses,which turned out to be just as surprising.
Gemini declined to write a job ad for a fossil fuel lobby group(游说团体),because fossil fuels are bad and lobby groups prioritize“the interests of corporations over public well-being”.Asked if Hamas is a terrorist organization,it replied that the conflict in Gaza is“complex”;asked if Elon Musk’s tweeting of memes had done more harm than Hitler, it said it was“difficult to say”.You do not have to be a critic to perceive its progressive bias.
Inadequate testing may be partly to blame Google lags behind OpenAI,maker of the better-known ChatGPT.As it races to catch up,Google may have taken short cuts.Other chatbots have also had controversial launches Releasing chatbots and letting users uncover their faults,which can be swiftly addressed,lets firms move fester,if they are prepared to endure the potential risks and bad publicity,observes Ethan Mollick,a professor at Wharton Business School.
But Gemini has clearly been deliberately adjusted to produce these responses.This raises questions about Google’s culture.Is the firm so financially secure,with vast profits from Internet advertising,that it feels free to try its hand at social engineering?Do some employees think it has not just an opportunity,but a responsibility,to use its reach and power to promote a particular agenda?All eyes are now on Google’s boss.Sundar Pichai.He says Gemini is being fixed. But does Google need fixing too?
8.What was the problem of Google Gemini in the first paragraph?
A.Having a racial prejudice.B.Responding to wrong texts.
C.Criticizing political figures.D.Going against historical facts.
9.What is Paragraph2mainly about?
A.Gemini’s bias in text responses.
B.Gemini’s refusal to make progress.
C.Gemini’s failure to give definite answers.
D.Gemini’s avoidance of political conflicts.
10.What does Ethan Mollick think of Gemini’s early launch?
A.Creative.B.Promising.
C.Illegal.D.Controversial.
11.What can we infer about Google from the last paragraph:
A.Its security is doubted.B.It lacks financial support.
C.It needs further improvement.D.Its employees are irresponsible.
As awareness of climate change grows,so does the desire to do something about it.One way to gain a quantifiable (可量化的)understanding of the impacts of our actions,for good and bad,is through what is known as a carbon footprint.While the concept is gaining traction,it is not always fully understood.
According to Mike Berners-Lee,a professor at Lancaster University in the UK and author of The Carbon Footprint of Everything,a carbon footprint is“the sum total of all the greenhouse gas emissions that had to take place in order for a product to be produced or for an activity to take place.”
What steps a person can take to reduce their personal footprint depends on the kind of lifestyle they presently live, and the same actions are not equally effective for everyone.Berners-Lee notes that,“for some people,flying may be10 percent of their footprint,for some people it’s zero,and for some it’s such a huge number.that it should be the only thing they should be thinking about.”
It isn’t easy to calculate a carbon footprint.The earliest such calculator is thought to have appeared in2004as part of the“Beyond Petroleum”campaign of oil giant BP,which makes observers criticize the pressure to reduce personal carbon footprints as an indication that climate change is not the fault of an oil giant,but hat of individuals.
“I would say personal carbon footprint calculators are a useful tool to assess the impact of your immediate actions.”Berners-Lee says.“But what’s much more important than your personal carbon footprint is your climate shadow,which aims to paint a picture of the full sum of one’s choices and the impact they have on the planet.For example,how you vote,where you work.how you invest your money,and how much you talk about climate change.”
12.What does the underlined word“traction”in paragraph1probably mean?
A.Control.B.Insight.C.Attention.D.Power.
13.How does Berners-Lee explain his opinion according to paragraph3?
A.By presenting a fact.B.By giving suggestions.
C.By clarifying a concept.D.By making a comparison.
14.What is the observers’attitude to the“Beyond Petroleum”campaign of oil giant BP?
A.Unclear.B.Favorable.C.Tolerant.D.Disapproving.
15.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Tools are more important than choices.
B.Climate shadow covers a broad range of actions.
C.Calculating carbon footprint is the most effective.
D.Only individuals are responsible for climate change.
For decades,doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for the heart.Heart attack has long been considered a grown-up problem.16Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health
problems later.
Salt is made up of two elements:sodium and chlorine伟内禾口氯).Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged9-13shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of sodium daily.17This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood.To pump the extra blood,the heart has to work harder.This causes a rise in blood pressure一-a measurement of how stressed the heart is.High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.
A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure.
18British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy(碳酸)drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight,become obese and develop high blood pressure.
19A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones(肾结石).This painful condition usually affects people aged over40.Now,kids as young as five are getting it.
Cutting down on salt can be hard,but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food.The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually.20Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions.And go easy on the condiments(调味品).You might also want to start reading nutrition labels.You may be surprised to learn that there are1,150mg of sodium in a double cheeseburger,and over2,000mg in many frozen meals.
A.Salt isn't the only cause of diseases.
B.The average American eats twice this amount.
C.Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight.
D.Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity.
E.But new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children.
F.Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.
G.Cutting down on salt now can lower a person's risk of heart disease.
二、完形填空
History has not yet21what we will definitively call the post millennial cohort(2000年后出生的人)that now22more than60million people in the U.S.These kids and23with no concept of life24 the Internet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z.They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terrorism.They’ve also been25the Plurals for their historic diversity,as well as the Founders,at least by MTV.
Whatever we26naming them,marketer and academies are turning their attention to this group,which has billions in27and is already shaping the culture.This generation is growing up“totally and utterly connected”says California State University psychologist Larry Rosen.Experts like Rosen have concerns about these kids’Google-inspired expectations that everything be28.They worry about their inability to29
even five seconds of boredom.And they worry about the demands that come with30several identities online, from Facebook to Twitter to Snapchat.“There’s so much pressure on young people,who are still31their identities,to present this crystallized,idealized identity online,”says the University of Washington’s Katie Davis.
Historian Neil Howe sees32with the Silent Generation,the spoilt risk-avoiding“nice”generation of kids who grew up during the Great Depression and World-War II,although some marked differences are found.Today’s youths are also coming of age among geopolitical trouble and fears about the economy,he says,33schools emphasize an intense far-reaching sensitivity to other kids.He suspects this34will be known for being well behaved and perhaps boring the culture by playing it safe.“There are typical examples that occur repeatedly,”Howe says, "even if they go by different35.”
21.A.remarked B.convinced C.revealed D.guaranteed
22.A.numbers B.houses C.accommodates D.contains
23.A.peers B.fellows C.folks D.adolescents
24.A.over B.without C.besides D.beyond
25.A.diagnosed B.dismissed C.labeled D.coined
26.A.end up B.consider about C.appeal for D.approve of
27.A.distribution force B.global view C.purchasing power D.unique outlooks 28.A.vivid B.instructive C.profitable D.instant
29.A.feed up with B.put up with C.make up for D.break up with
30.A.mixing B.revising C.illustrating D.maintaining 31.A.supervising B.promoting C.representing D.forming
32.A.parallels B.contrasts C.comparisons D.reservations
33.A.because B.as C.while D.unless
34.A.generation B.emphasis C.intensity D.cultivation
35.A.routes B.schemes C.names D.definitions
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
After coming to China,I experienced authentic Chinese food.In Beijing,the chef in a Sichuan restaurant offered us the36(please)of experiencing wonderful and different food besides friendship.In Xinjiang,their traditional foods are those37(cook)over an open fire.The kinds of food local people consume tell us a lot about themselves;therefore,we can say culture and cuisine go hand in hand,which are both worth38(experience).
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
For first-degree burns,first,place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.Second, dry the burnt area39(gentle)with a clean cloth.Meanwhile,remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,
unless you see the fabric40(stick)to the burnt skin.Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Don’t apply oil41the injured areas,as it will keep the heat in the42(wound)and may cause infection.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast.They flew to Vancouver and then took the train.One of the first stops was in Edmonton,43center of Canada’s huge oil and gas44(drill)industry.After another day on the train,eventually they were back in the city of Winnipeg. From there,they travelled through the night.It was not until9:30am.45they finally reached the capital of Ontario,Toronto.All in all,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.
四、单词拼写
46.Remember,even world champion athletes practise their skills on a(连续的,一致的)basis.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening p to going to bed.(根据首字母单词拼写)
48.The clothes(冻住)solid on the washing-line in winter.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49.One of the(最精彩的部分)of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50.Lights accounts for about7%of the total electricity that is(消耗)in the US.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51.The nurse(包裹)the victim’s hand with several layers of clean cloth.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52.Knowing basic first-aid t will help you respond quickly to emergencies.(根据首字母单词拼写) 53.As Francis Bacon once said,“Some books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,and some few to be
(咀嚼)and digested.”(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54.The sun’s(光线),to a certain extent,are beneficial to the human body.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55.The bell indicating the end of the class rang,i our heated discussion.(根据首字母单词拼写)56.Under the bench,the cleaner found a black plastic bag(装满)with money.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57.She(注册)on a translation and interpretation course.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58.Can we begin by discussing matters(由……引起)out of the last meeting?(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59.Most designers share the unspoken belief that fashion is a valid form of(视觉的)art.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60.All these measures must be carried through without(延误).(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61.Today,the lives of women have changed beyond r compared with those of their grandmothers and great grandmothers.(根据首字母单词拼写)
62.The Story of My Life is the most(有影响力的)book in my life,which greatly inspired me.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
63.She is famous now,but her success and r both result from her own great efforts.(根据首字母单词拼写) 64.(原始的)tribes lived by fishing,hunting and gathering.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65.People ran for the exits,(尖叫)out in terror.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
五、单项选择
66.According to a new research from Boston University,young children with a religious background are less able to distinguish between________and reality.
A.fantasy B.amusement C.outcome D.prospect
67.As a general rule,all forms of activity lead to boredom if they are performed on a________basis.
A.regular B.routine C.unique D.preferable
68.Studies show that kids living and studying in a harmonious environment are less likely to become.
A.abnormal B.aggressive
C.alarmed D.opposed
69.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a________eye.
A.considerable B.cruel C.critical D.curious
70.All areas of________accidents shall be furnished with enough emergency signs of suitable size.
A.potential B.routine C.regular D.abnormal
71.The story The Little Prince describes extraordinary________with human beings on the earth.
A.plots B.events C.consequences D.encounters
72.It is proposed that the________system of education should be improved to make it meet the current requirements.
A.pleasing B.demanding C.evaluating D.promising
73.The majority of Japanese women________their husband’s surname when they marry.
A.adopt B.adapt C.vary D.display
74.Young couples will be happy to see their babes________with good health and intelligence when they are born.
A.mixed B.dotted C.equipped D.blessed
75.Flexibility training helps________your muscles and improve your body’s range of movement.
A.extend B.stretch C.expand D.spread
76.One of my childhood________was collecting match boxes.
A.prospects B.innovations C.occupations D.careers
77.Queen Rania of Jordan,a woman________to making the world a better place for women and children,is truly changing the world.
A.related B.committed C.addicted D.opposed
78.The fact that Herbert didn’t speak a foreign language put him at a________disadvantage.
A.dangerous B.consistent C.constant D.distinct
79.E-commerce companies are helping small businesses in financial trouble________loans that they otherwise would
have struggled to raise.
A.attain B.integrate C.obtain D.sustain
80.We had our tablets________to find out whether we were getting the real drug or not.
A.employed B.analyzed C.promoted D.detected
81.We need to get to the________of the problem before we can solve it.
A.instance B.sense C.resource D.root
82.Being equipped with a global________and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China’s younger generation.
A.budget B.vision C.scene D.competence
83.Jack’s fellow workers often turn to him for help when trapped in trouble because he is a________of ideas.
A.fountain B.representative C.witness D.critic
84.To_____________the world for help,the stars launched a campaign to help the refugees.
A.end up B.appeal to
C.leave behind D.cater for
85.With fossil fuels such as coal and oil running out quickly,we have to find more________energy sources.
A.alternative B.abnormal C.limited D.apparent
参考答案:
1.A2.B3.B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。
文章介绍了五个可以散步去参观的景点。
1.细节理解题。
根据Blickling Estate,Norfolk中的“This four-mile multi-use path has a surface that’s great for pushchairs.If you’re out for a family walk and the kids won’t leave the house without their pushbikes,then this is perfect for them.(这条四英里长的多用途小径的表面非常适合推婴儿车。
如果你和家人出去散步,孩子们不带婴儿车就不会出门,那么这对他们来说是完美的)”可知,这里有非常适合推婴儿车的多用途小路,即对“婴儿车”是友好的。
故选A。
2.细节理解题。
根据Corfe Common history walk中的“A gentle walk exploring historic Corfe Castle.The kids will love checking out the castle ruins.(漫步探索历史悠久的科菲城堡。
孩子们会喜欢参观城堡遗址的)”可知,想参观城堡遗址可以去Corfe Common history walk。
故选B。
3.细节理解题。
根据第一个景点中“Please bear in mind that you’ll need to book a ticket before visiting.(请记住,你需要在参观之前预订门票)”,第二个景点中“You’ll need to book a ticket before visiting,though.(不过你需要在参观之前订票)”,第三个景点中“Don’t forget to book a ticket before visiting(参观前别忘了订票)”,第四个景点中“Booking a ticket before visiting is a must.(在参观之前订票是必须的)”,以及最后一个景点中“Tickets are required before visiting.(参观前需购票)”可知,五个景点的共同之处在于都需要提前订票。
故选B。
4.B5.A6.D7.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了“现代舞之母”伊莎多拉·邓肯对现代舞的影响。
4.词句猜测题。
根据最后一段中的“In spite of the problems,Duncan is remembered today for her artistic achievements: the creation of modern dance and its high place among the arts.(尽管存在这些问题,今天邓肯仍因其艺术成就而被人们铭记:创造了现代舞及其在艺术中的崇高地位。
)”可知,邓肯创造了现代舞,结合画线词后的“of modern dance”可推知,这里是说邓肯是现代舞的创始人,progenitor意为“创始人”,与originator意思相近。
故选B。
5.推理判断题。
根据第一段中的“The athleticism and classical roots of her style are reflected in her innovative costume choice of a Grecian tunic(束腰外衣)and bare feet,which allowed for a physical freedom that could not be achieved in the traditional ballet costumes and pointed shoes that limited dancers.(她风格中的运动才能和古典根源体现在她对服装的创新选择上,即希腊束腰外衣和裸脚,这允许了身体自由,这是限制舞者的传统芭蕾服装和尖头鞋所无法实现的。
)”可知,邓肯对服装进行了创新选择,她选择了希腊束腰外衣和裸脚,这让身体实现了自由,不会限制舞者,由此可推测出,她的服装选择允许舞者能够自然顺畅地表演动作。
故选A。
6.推理判断题。
根据第二段“Duncan’s fame,however,did not bring her wealth.In the later years of her life,her financial situation worsened,and finally she had to live in apartments rented by friends and supporters.Duncan also received criticism for some of her personal opinions.(然而,邓肯的名气并没有给她带来财富。
在她晚年,她的经济状况恶化,最终她不得不住在朋友和支持者租的公寓里。
邓肯的一些个人观点也受到了批评。
)”可知,第二段讲述了邓肯在晚年经济状况恶化,只能住在朋友和支持者租的公寓里,她的一些个人观点也受到了批评,由此可推测出,本段主要是为了表示邓肯晚年生活不易。
故选D。
7.推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“In spite of the problems,Duncan is remembered today for her artistic achievements: the creation of modern dance and its high place among the arts.(尽管存在这些问题,今天邓肯仍因其艺术成就而被人们铭记:创造了现代舞及其在艺术中的崇高地位。
)”可知,邓肯创造了现代舞并树立了现代舞在艺术中的崇高地位,今天仍因其艺术成就而被人们铭记,由此可推测,邓肯主要因其创立了一种新型舞蹈而著名。
故选B。
8.A9.A10.D11.C
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。
文章主要围绕谷歌的人工智能模型Gemini的表现进行了描述和分析,指出了该模型在生成图像和文本回复时出现的问题,以及这些问题可能反映出的谷歌公司文化和战略考量。
8.推理判断题。
根据第一段中“Users of Google Gemini,the tech giant’s artificial-intelligence model,recently noticed that asking it to create images of Vikings,or German soldiers from1943produced surprising results:hardly any of the people depicted were white.(科技巨头谷歌的人工智能模型Google Gemini的用户最近注意到,让它创建维京人或1943年的德国士兵的图像产生了令人惊讶的结果:几乎没有一个被描绘的人是白人。
)”和“Google wanted Gemini to avoid this trap;instead,it fell into another one,depicting George Washington as black.(谷歌希望Gemini避开这个陷阱;相反,它变成了另一个,把乔治·华盛顿描绘成黑人。
)”推知,Google Gemini的问题是存在种族偏见。
故选A。
9.主旨大意题。
根据第二段“Gemini declined to write a job ad for a fossil fuel lobby group(游说团体),because fossil
fuels are bad and lobby groups prioritize“the interests of corporations over public well-being”.Asked if Hamas is a terrorist organization,it replied that the conflict in Gaza is“complex”;asked if Elon Musk’s tweeting of memes had done more harm than Hitler,it said it was“difficult to say”.You do not have to be a critic to perceive its progressive bias. (Gemini乐于提供支持高等教育的积极行动的论据,但拒绝提供反对的论据。
它拒绝为化石燃料游说团体写招聘广告,因为化石燃料不好,游说团体优先考虑“公司的利益而不是公众的福祉”。
当被问及Hamas是否是恐怖组织时,它回答说,加沙的冲突是“复杂的”;当被问及Elon Musk在推特上发布的表情包是否比希特勒造成的伤害更大时,该公司表示“很难说”。
即使你不是批评家,也能看出它的进步偏见。
)”可知,第二段主要讲述的是Gemini 在回复信息时有自己的偏见。
故选A。
10.推理判断题。
根据第三段“Inadequate testing may be partly to blame Google lags behind OpenAI,maker of the better-known ChatGPT.As it races to catch up,Google may have cut corners.Other chatbots have also had controversial launches.Releasing chatbots and letting users uncover odd behaviors,which can be swiftly addressed,lets firms move faster,provided they are prepared to weather(经受住)the potential risks and bad publicity,observes Eth an Mollick,a professor at Wharton Business School.(测试不足可能是谷歌落后于OpenAI的部分原因,OpenAI是更知名的ChatGPT的制造商。
在奋力追赶的过程中,谷歌可能走了捷径。
其他聊天机器人的发布也引发了争议。
沃顿商学院教授Eth Mollick表示,发布聊天机器人,让用户发现可以迅速解决的奇怪行为,可以让企业更快地行动,前提是它们准备好经受住潜在风险和负面宣传。
)”可知,Eth an Mollick观察到发布聊天机器人并让用户发现奇怪的行为,如果公司准备好承受潜在的风险和负面宣传,可以迅速解决这些问题,从而让公司更快地行动。
这表明他认为Gemini的早期发布是有争议的,因为它可能带来一些未预料到的问题和负面反应。
故选D。
11.推理判断题。
根据最后一段“But Gemini has clearly been deliberately adjusted,or“fine-tuned”,to produce these responses.This raises questions about Google’s culture.Is the firm so financially secure,with vast profits from internet advertising,that it feels free to try its hand at social engineering?Do some employees think it has not just an opportunity, but a responsibility,to use its reach and power to promote a particular agenda?All eyes are now on Google’s boss, Sundar Pichai.He says Gemini is being fixed.But does Google need fixing too?(但Gemini显然经过了刻意调整,或“微调”,以产生这些反应。
这引发了对谷歌文化的质疑。
这家公司从互联网广告中获得巨额利润,在财务上如此安全,以至于它可以自由地尝试社交工程吗?是否有些员工认为它不仅有机会,而且有责任利用其影响力和权力来推动特定的议程?现在所有的目光都集中在谷歌的老板Sundar Pichai身上。
他说Gemini正在被修复。
但谷歌也需要修复吗?)”可知,最后一段提出了对谷歌文化的质疑,并暗示该公司可能在微调其人工智能模型Gemini 时采取了一些自由,导致了意想不到的反应。
这意味着该模型存在需要解决和纠正的问题,表明谷歌在该领域仍有改进的空间。
故选C。
12.C13.D14.D15.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了碳足迹的定义、如何通过碳足迹来量化地了解我们的行为的影响。
着人们对气候变化的意识日益增强,对气候变化采取行动的愿望也越来越强烈)”和划线词所在句子的后半句“it is not always fully understood(它并不总是被完全理解)”以及表示转折意义的while可知,“碳足迹”这个概念正在得到关注,但没有被完全理解。
因此猜测,划线词traction意为“关注”,与attention同义。
故选C。
13.推理判断题。
根据第三段中“Berners-Lee notes that,“for some people,flying may be10percent of their footprint, for some people it’s zero,and for some it’s such a huge number that it should be the only thing they should be thinking about.”(伯纳斯-李指出,“对一些人来说,飞行可能占他们足迹的10%,对一些人来说,这是零,对一些人来说,这是一个巨大的数字,应该是他们唯一应该考虑的事情。
”)”可知,Berners-Lee通过进行比较解释他的观点。
故选D。
14.推理判断题。
根据第四段“It isn’t easy to calculate a carbon footprint.The earliest such calculator is thought to have appeared in2004as part of the“Beyond Petroleum”campaign of oil giant BP,which makes observers criticize the pressure to reduce personal carbon footprints as an indication that climate change is not the fault of an oil giant,but hat
of individuals.(计算碳足迹并不容易,据称最早的此类计算器出现在2004年,是石油巨头英国石油公司“超越石油”运动的一部分。
这一事实导致一些观察家们批评减少个人碳足迹的压力,认为这表明气候变化不是石油巨头的错,而是个人的错”)”可知,观察家们对石油巨头英国石油公司的“超越石油”运动持反对态度。
故选D。
15.推理判断题。
根据最后一段中““But what’s much more important than your personal carbon footprint is your climate shadow,which aims to paint a picture of the full sum of one’s choices and the impact they have on the planet. For example,how you vote,where you work,how you invest your money,and how much you talk about climate change.”(“但比你的个人碳足迹更重要的是你的气候阴影,它旨在描绘一个人的选择及其对地球的影响的全貌。
例如,你如何投票,在哪里工作,如何投资,以及你对气候变化的谈论程度。
”)”可知,气候阴影涵盖了广泛的行动。
故选B。
16.E17.B18.D19.C20.F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。
新的研究表明,盐开始影响儿童。
文章介绍了过度的盐摄入量会给儿童健康带来的不良影响,并提出如何减少盐摄入量的建议。
16.前文“Heart attack has long been considered a grown-up problem.”(心脏病一直被认为是一个成年人的问题。
)和选项E中的“salt is starting to affect children”(盐开始影响到儿童)构成转折关系,对应选项E中的转折词but,根据后文“Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.”(当你小的时候,吃太多咸的食物会导致以后的健康问题。
)可知,此处是指小时候吃太多盐会有不好的影响,所以选项E“但新的研究表明,盐开始影响儿童。
”切合文意。
故选E。
17.根据前文“Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged9-13shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of sodium daily.”(膳食指南建议,成年人和9-13岁的孩子每天摄入的钠不应该超过一茶匙。
)可知,选项B中的this amount是指一茶匙,根据后文“This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing。