2012年高考讲座

单项填空
高考英语“单项填空题”所考查的重点内容是：词法、语法、惯用法、辨析和口语交际。

词法中考察冠词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、及动词.其中动词最重要,会考到动词的搭配和辨析、动词的时态和语态、情态动词的用法和各种形式的非谓语动词等。

Take sth for granted
It’s well-paid. I can’t complain.
Just to make a living. Not a little.(very much)
Not a bit. (not at all) beat’bite
So what? How come? What for?
Exactly=yes! Not really=no
在单项填空中有以下解题要领:
一、时态题要对时间状语作出正确的分析。

(若没有明确的时间状语，要发掘潜在的时间状语)
Traffic conditions in Beijing ________ for decades. At first people only complained about jams during rush hours, but today every hour is rush hour.
A. is worsening
B. have worsened
C. have been worsening
D. worsened
---- I saw Robert in the dining hall this morning.
----- Really? He _____ around here for a long time.
A. won't be seen
B. wasn't seen
C. hasn't been seen
D. hadn't been seen.
I _____ in a foreign trade company for five
years .Still, I don't regret having given up the
well-paid job.
A. worked
B. have worked
C. was working
D. had worked
------ I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
---- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she_____?
A. had left
B. has left
C. was leaving
D. left
I don't understand why you (are changing) your mind constantly/always!
Do you know when she (will come) back? And can you give me a call when/ if she (comes) back?
---- Are you still very busy?
---- Yes, I (am just finishing) the report for the manager and it won’t take long.
利用时态考查从句和连词。

The problem will appear ____ a different welfare system will be created.
A. unless
B. whether
C. until
D. if
I won’t tell you the answer until you (have been working on) it for half an hour.
The book was written in 1946, _____ the education system has witnessed great changes.
A. when
B. during which
C. since then
D. since when
二、位置复原,一般疑问句转化为陈述句,特殊疑问句找一个相应的答案代进去转成陈述句.感叹句还原为普通句. 被动语态还原成主动语态。

Who did the teacher have ______the article for the wall newspaper just now?
A.written
B. writing
C. write
D. to write
The teacher let/make/have who ______ the article
Make sb do sth____ sb be made to do sth
He was often listened ____ in the next room. A.to sing B. singing C. to to sing D. sing
We often listen to him singing/ sing
He is listened to singing/ to sing
Sb would rather do A than do B
Sb would rather (that) sb had done sth
Sb did sth
Who would you rather _went___ there?
Whom would you rather _have_go__ there? A.have gone B. have go C. had go D. went You would rather (that) sb. _____ there
You would rather have/let __whom/her ____ there.
You can’t imagine what great benefit the new project is ____ the local villagers.
A. to
B. of to
C. of
D. to of
The new project is of great benefit to people.
三、准确的翻译(此种方法对付冠词尤为有效)
When our spaceship traveled above, __a__ new-looking earth appeared before us,
__an____ earth that we had never seen before.
A. a, the
B. a, an
C. the, an
D. the, the
The sun a red rising sun
The moon a bright moon
This is ___a____ world of wonders, ____a_ world where anything can happen.
She is a lovely person, __a__ person/ one whom we admire.
It is obvious that ______ little money he earned can hardly support ______ family as large as his.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. /; a
D. /; the
四、把省略部分补全. 例如：
Mary enjoys home-made food, so she seldom, _____, eats out.
A. if never
B. if any
C. if not
D. if ever
He ran as fast as he could run______the bus.
A. catch
B. to catch
C. catching
D. caught
Find a seat quickly; ____, there won’t be any left.
A. if not
B. if so
C. or rather= to be exact
D. or so about 2 hours= 2 hours or so
五, 明确代词的指代
To know more about Japan’s recent nuclear radiation leak, you can use the Internet or watch CCTV news, or ____.
A. both
B. neither
C. some
D. more
Few pleasures can equal _that__ of an ice cream in hot weather.
The young boy made _it__ a rule to come to help the old man every day.
I hated/like/ dislike __it___ when we had to study in the classroom on Sundays.
I’ll appreciate it if you could help me.
We have to deal with our world as it is now, as __there___ is no going back to a simple, less technologically complex time.
There it
--- Have you decided what to do after graduation?
--- No, _there__ is no knowing what one will do in the future.
六、注意there be句型的变形与考查。

There is a book and 2 pens on the table.
There lies a small village at the foot of the mountain.
There existed a certain doubt among the workers as to the necessity of the work.
There used to be a school in this street.
____ happened to be nobody under the tree when it fell down.
A.It
B. There
C. That
D. What
It happened that no one was under the tree there.
no one happened to be under the tree there.
It happened that you were not at home.
= You happened not to be at home.
Do you expect ______ to be a possibility that we may have three days off for the coming New Year's Day?
A.it
B. there B. that D. this
六. 对复杂长句进行简化,找出句子的主谓宾,先明确句子的主要意思,再将其它的部分补充进去.尤其当句中出现几个动词时,要判断出哪一个或哪几个动词应是谓语,而哪一个或哪几个动词应是非谓语动词.在非谓语动词的选择上,一定要注意它与所修饰的词之间的主被动关系.而在判断主被动关系上,明确动词的及物和不及物很重要.
On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market , ______ some bananas .
A. bought
B. buying
C. to buy
D. buy
Sb do A, do B and do C.
He rushed out of the room, _______ his book lying on the table and his homework_______ and disappeared into the distance.
A leaving, unfinishing B. leaving, unfinished C. left, unfinishing D. left, unfinished
伴随、方式、原因Doing
The teacher went up to the sleeping student and patting him on the head，woke him up，.
A. waking him up
B. to wake him away
C. D. waken him away
(Rushed/ sent) into the hospital in time, the seriously injured boy was saved.
(After being helped) into a overcoat, the manager left the office hurriedly.
----- Mr. Smith, would you have some more
ice-cream?
----- No, thanks. It’s very good, but I have to ____ my weight, you know. (watch, remain)
七.对定语从句的正确理解. 如果确定为定语从句,在分析时,一定要将先行词带到从句中去,根据先行词在从句中所充当的句子成分来选择相应的关系代、副词.尤其要注意区别when, where等引导的定语从句和状语从句或名词性从句.
You can't imagine the difficulty (that)I have (doing) this experiment.
Is this the school _where____ you studied ? This is the school ___ you studied in.
Is this the school ___which___ you studied in?
Is this school _the one where_____ you studied?
This school is _what___ you studied in.
This school is the one __(that)___ you studied in.
Is this school ______ you studied in?
Is it in the school _that___ you studied?
You have to know _what__ your interest is. You have to know _where__ your interest lies.
That's the point_where___ I disagree with you.
The mid-autumn festival is an occasion when you miss your family.
Dress sb.
---- What should I wear for the English speaking composition?
----- Dress ____ you like.
A. which
B. what
C. however
D. whenever
八.注意对强调句型的辨别.
---- Where did you meet your friend?
--- It was on the farm ___where___ we worked (that I met my friend) .
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
------ Did you find your key?
-----Yes, it was in this hotel__where_ I stayed last week( that I found my key).
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
It was at 7 o'clock___that_ he came home last night.
It was 7 o'clock __when/at which___ he came home last night.
It will be 10 years _before___ we meet again.
It is/has been 10 years __since__ we last met.
I will be back _in__ ten minutes.
I will be back__at__ten o’clock.
十、注意固定词组被隔离
有时一个本来很简单的句子，在其中置入一个插入成分，或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置，则很有可能给同学们的理解带来困难。

In some children who go blind, certain parts of the brain that normally control vision appear to switch jobs and focus instead __on_ sound , a new study has found.
A. of
B. in
C. on
D. at
We like Fred _____ all the boys he was the most honest one.
A. because
B. because of
C. as
D. for that
十一、在问答中，答一定要针对问，包括意思和语法．
-------- What made you so upset?
-------- __Jim’s leaving______ my house ___without_____ saying goodbye ( made me upset)
That jim left the house without saying bye made me upset.
A. Jim left; without
B. Jim’s leaving; instead of
C. That Jim left; without
D. Jim leaving; instead of
十二、警惕what引导的名词型从句. What 其实相当于something that, 而这个something既可以是a place 也可以是a time, a person.
Few people know that fish have eyes and _something that___ appears to be a nose, and they can hear, too.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. it
they arrived at _the place_that__ was a perfect place to live in.
A. the place
B. what
C. where
D. that
He was not what/ the boy that he used to be 10 years ago.
After waiting for what seemed to be ages, I finally saw him coming out of the room.
An engine is to a machine what a heart is to a human.
A is to
B what
C is to D
十五、使用非谓语动词时做状语时，一定要留意非谓语动词的主语和句子的主语是否一致，若不一致，则要考虑用从句或用独立主格结构来表达。

_____ Mathilde had lost the necklace, Pierre’s face turned white.
A. Hearing
B. Having heard
C. When hearing
D. When he heard
Christmas _____ a holiday, most of the shops remain _______.
A. is; locked
B. being, locked
C. is, locking
D. being, locking
_______ at class made him so happy that he decided to devote himself to English.
A. Praised
B. Having praised
C. Being praised
D. After being praised
He has 2 sons, both of whom____ work abroad.
He has 2 sons, both of __them__ working abroad.
He has 2 sons and both of __them__ work abroad.
I have a house, _whose___ roof is covered with green grass.
I have a house, _of which____the roof is covered with green grass.
The roof of which
I have a house,____its_roof covered with green grass.
I have a house and __its___ roof is covered with green grass.
Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper (following) it closely.
Here is 200 dollars, the rest (to follow) next month.
另外,要注意语言基础知识的考查不能脱离一定的语境。

近年来，高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能
力，将单纯的语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境，尤其是中英语言间的文化差异,(在交际英语中，以礼貌、自然、生活化为宗旨)这是近年来高考英语测试改革的一个方向，考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。

还要对.题干设计的新颖性有心理准备。