高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选编高三全册英语试题2

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校湖南2016高考英语二轮阅读理解基础选编（5）
阅读理解(一)
You know how wonderful you are，and you know that others know how wonderful you are，but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy？For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do，but the good news is that there is.Don't let jealousy spoil your relationships.Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.
It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is，but if you want to save your friendship you'll have to do just that.Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited)，just take some time alone with them and let them know that you've been feeling like there's been something coming between you.If they refuse to respond，then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling.Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.
When you figure out what is annoying your friend，ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better.If，for example，(s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn't get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you.Remember，though，that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise.Don't limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy.Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.
Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy.This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies.Before taking extreme action，chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you can't，be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won't.
【语篇解读】本文是关于人际关系的话题。

尤其是青少年朋友之间会因
为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。

5．According to the author，the jealousy emotion is ________.
A．normal B．productive
C．destructive D．extreme
解析细节理解题。

由第一段第二句．..that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.可知。

答案C
6．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?
A．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.
B．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.
C．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.
D．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there's something coming between you.
解析细节理解题。

由第二段第二句Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you可知。

答案A
7．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A．There's always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.
B．Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.
C．You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts，chances or
self development.
D．You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution 解析推理判断题。

答案C
8．The purpose of the passage is ________.
A．to explain what causes jealousy
B．to offer some advice on making friends
C．to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend
D．to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is
解析作者意图题。

通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。

答案C
阅读理解
Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors
on board nearly l，200 Miles off the Somali coast，the farthest-off-shore attack to date，an officer said Tuesday.
Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻)by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force，said a spokesman．
The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”.
“Once they start attacking that far out，you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer，Roger Middleton. “Once you’re that far out，it's just the Indian Ocean，and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia，from Asia to South Africa.”
"This is the farthest robbing to date. They are now operating near the Maldives and India,” said another officer.
The three ships--the MV Prantalay 11，12，and l 4—had 77 members on board in total．All of them are Thai, the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing，pirates held l l ships and 228 sailors.
Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes。

f catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships，the success rate(率)has gone down，though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.
( ) 1. The pirate attack reported in the text happened .
A. far out in the Indian Ocean
B. in the normal patrol area
C. near the Somali, coast
D. in the south of Africa
( ) 2. According to the text, which can best describe the situation of the pirate problems?
A. More goods on board are lost.
B. Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now.
C. The number of attacks has stayed the same these years.
D. Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast. ( ) 3. Which is true about the warship patrols according to the text?
A. The patrols are of little effect.
B. The patrols are more difficult.
C. More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia.
D. The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas.
( ) 4. How many sailors were held by the pirates up to the time of the report?
A. 228.
B. 77.
C. 383.
D. 305.
语篇分析：本篇文章为新闻报道类文体。

报道索马里海盗周日抢劫三艘泰国渔
船，并引用部分官员的话，让读者了解当前的索马里海盗的形势。

1.答案：A
考点：细节理解
解析：由“The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force…”以及“Once you’re that far out，it's just the Indian Ocean”句意为“这次海盗袭击发生在国际保卫队正常保护区域六百英里外”，“一旦你到了那么远，那就是印度洋了”可得出答案。

2.答案：B
考点：主旨大意
解析：文章主要报道发生在周末的对泰国渔船的袭击，就此事引出索马里海盗的袭击已经超越国际保护队的正常护卫范围，而进入更深的海域。

3. 答案：B
考点：细节理解
解析：依据… patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”及“Once you’re that far out，it's just the Indian Ocean，and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia，from Asia to South Africa.”可知巡逻明显见效，又有一旦再超过那么远，那就是印度洋，那就意味着你在看管从波斯湾到亚洲，从亚洲到南美洲的所有行线。

可知应是巡逻难度加大了。

4．答案D
考点：推理计算题。

解析：由文章首句Somali pirates robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sa ilors on board……及Before the Sunday robbing, pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors.可知到发报到为止，索马里海盗应劫持水手77+228=305人。

阅读理解。

Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste. The amount of these chemicals has risen heavily in the past few years, as more areas of the world industrialize and new products are produced. Over 80,000 different chemicals are used in industries world-wide. Around the world hundreds of millions of tons of harmful waste are produced each year. Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way that does not endanger human life and the environment.
Every year, major health problems result from harmful waste. Sadly, it is often after someone has died or, become seriously ill that governments will take actions and reduce levels of dumped（倾倒的）harmful waste. In 1989, a school in New Jersey had to be closed because students there had suffered too much exposure（暴露）to chromium（铬）. It was later learned that large amounts of chromium had been dumped nearby and blown over to the school area.
Research has been done to provide information on the effects of every chemical. Because waste chemicals often mix together, it will also be necessary to learn how the combinations of these chemicals affect human
health.
Some governments have realized how serious the problem is and are making laws to get rid of harmful waste. They are also trying to limit the amount of waste industries are allowed to produce.
Not only governments but the public as well must form part of the solution. They can choose not to buy those products which require the production of harmful waste, attempt to affect policymakers, and produce less harmful waste themselves. Many scientists think that waste production can be cut. The waste can be reduced by at least one-third using existing technologies and methods.
1. What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. The effect of every chemical.
B. Problems of harmful waste.
C. Chemicals used for industrial processes.
D. Events related to waste chemicals.
答案解析：答案为B。

本题为主旨大意题。

文章先陈述工业生产过程中使用化
学物产生的有害垃圾所导致的问题，并举例证明，最后探讨解决这一问题的方案。

在第一段的首句“Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste.”和最后一句“Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way that does not endanger human life and the environment.”都是在指出有害垃圾这一严峻的问题。

故答案为B。

2. From the text we know that .
A. chromium can poison people when there is a wind
B. chromium pollution makes the local government close the school
C. some governments don’t realize how serious the problems are until people suffer a lot from harmful waste
D. about two-thirds of the waste can pollute the environment
答案解析：答案为C。

本题为细节推理题。

从第二段的第三句话“In 1989, a school in New Jersey had to be closed because students there had suffered too much exposure（暴露）to chromium（铬）.”可知，学校不得不被迫关闭是由于学生暴露在倾倒的垃圾铬之中，生命受到了威胁，故答案为C “直到人们饱受有害废弃垃圾的危害，政府才意识到问题的严重性。

B选项只是文章的细节，属于表面现象；C选项真正概括了问题的本质，是通过细节推理出的总结性答案。

故选C。

从第二段的最后一句话“It was later learned that large amounts of chromium had been dumped nearby and blown over to the school area.”可知，铬威胁着人的生命是由于“dumped nearby and blown over”即“倾倒而被风吹拂”, 而不仅仅由于风，故A选项错误。

D选项与文章最后一句话“The waste can be reduced by at least one-third using existing technologies and methods.”不符。

3. Which of the following least matches the solution the writer refers to?
A. Chemicals used for industrial processes should be banned.
B. People can make use of the existing technologies and methods to reduce the waste.
C. Policymakers make laws to limit the production of harmful waste.
D. People choose not to buy products which may produce harmful waste.答案解析：答案为A。

本题考查作者的观点态度。

解答此题需看清题意“哪个选项与作者提到的解决方案最不匹配?”从文章的最后一段最后一句话“The waste can be reduced by at least one-third using existing technologies and methods.”可知，B选项正确；从最后一段“They can choose not to buy those products which require the production of harmful waste, attempt to affect policymakers, and produce less harmful waste themselves.”可知，作者的态度是号召政府与公众不买生产有害垃圾的产品；政策制定者可以生产较少的有害垃圾，而非禁止工业生产过程中使用化学物品。

故C、D是正确的，A选项与作者的态度最不匹配。

4. The writer of the text thinks that .
A. governments should have forbidden the production of waste chemicals
B. mixed waste chemicals can always be stored without endangering people
C. industries must not produce waste chemicals which harm people so much
D. everyone can do something to help solve the problem of waste chemicals
答案解析：答案为D。

本题考查作者的观点态度。

结合上题分析，作者认为应该限制和减少有害化学物的生产，而不是A选项的禁止，也不是C选项的不允许生产，故A、C不正确；B选项在文章中未提及， always 一词也使得该选项太绝对，故不选。

只有D选项才是作者的观点：人人都可以帮助解决有害化学物的问题。

故答案为D。

阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。

A
How would you like to teach yourself, rather than have teachers? According to the UK’s Department of Education and Skills, students will teach themselves in the schools of the future. This means that there will be no more problems such as finding enough teachers.
Estelle Morris, the UK Education Secretary, opened the 2002 Education Technology Conference in London recently. To start the conference, she presented a video showing a computer—generated model of the school of tomorrow.
Greater use of computer technology and classroom assistants will help students develop their own way of learning, Morris said. She added that this is a more exciting as well as a more interesting way of learning.
At the same time, teachers will be “freed from their traditional role as the source of all knowledge”.
Children of all abilities will “form the curriculum(课程)around their individual needs.” They will “learn i n their own time, at their
own speed and in their own environment”.
At home or at school, they will follow their learning programmes by looking at online libraries and watching lessons by world-class teachers and subject experts.
Instead of going on field trips, students will use virtual reality. If they don’t understand something, they can ask other students—“take part in virtual communities with learners with similar needs”—or
e-mail their teachers. They will hand in their work electronically to be “auto-marked”.
The classroom of the future is fast becoming a reality.
And the Department of Education will soon produce a guide to help schools adapt buildings for new technology, Morris said. These ideas are based on the U K government’s plan to create an education system that provides students with a strong grounding of knowledge and skills at primary school level. And provides the chance for students to develop their individual skills at secondary school level.
36. Accordi ng to the UK’s Department of Education and Skills, the school of the future will ______.
A. cause more problems such as being able to find enough teachers
B. set no homework and no tests for students
C. make good use of the computer technology and classroom assistants
D. enable students to learn by themselves without teachers 提示:依据第一段最后一句排除A项；依据第七段最后一句排除B项；第七段说如果学生有问题，可向老师发e-mail，因而不可说without teachers，排除D 项。

C项与第三段内容一致，故为正确答案。

答案:C
37. Estelle Morris thinks that computer technology does good to teachers in ________.
A. helping students develop their own way of learning
B. enabling students to experience interesting and exciting ways of learning
C. providing students with knowledge of all sorts
D. not being considered the source of various knowledge
提示:依据第四段判断正确答案为D项。

答案:D
38. If the students do not understand something, they can _______.
A. go on a field trip
B. go to ask their teachers to help them
C. send e-mail to ask for a teacher’s help
D. have a look at other learners’ homework
答案:C 依据第七段“…or e-mail their teachers”
39. If s a student is under the UK’s newly-developed education system,he will be ________.
A. provided with a basic knowledge from the beginning
B. given more knowledge at primary school level
C. helped to use computers better
D. supplied chance to develop their basic skills
答案: A 依据最后一段“that provides students with a strong grounding of knowledge and skills at primary school level”。