备考高考英语高效学习方案 高二册 Unit 14 Freedom fighters(精品)新人教版

Unit 14Freedom fighters
(2009·威海质检)一个大雪的冬夜，一辆行驶在京珠高速路上的大巴发生了交通事故。

请你根据下面的提示用英语写一篇短文讲述这个故事并发表看法。

故事的主要过程：
1．车上的45名乘客及司机被困车内，汽油耗尽，等待救援。

2．公路附近的村民X刚看到，和几位村民设法打开车门实施解救。

3．带他们回家提供食品和水，给孩子们保暖衣服。

4．两天后救援车赶来，他们离开X刚家。

要求：
1．词数100—120词之间，开头已为你写好；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：trap(困住)
[参考答案]
On a snowy winter night, a bus with 45 passengers had an accident on Jingzhu expressway because of the slippery road. All of them were trapped in the bus and what was worse, the bus ran out of gas and it was very cold in it. They could do nothing but wait for help. A man called Liu Gang who lived nearby saw what had happened. He and some villagers managed to open the door and helped all of them out of the bus. He took them to his home and offered them food and water and even some warm clothes for the children. They spent two days in Liu Gang’s home and finally help came. All of them were thankful for Liu’s kind help.
We hope that there are more and more people like Liu Gang living around us. Ⅰ.重点单词
1．______(n.)偏见；成见
2．______(adj.) 无条件的；绝对的
3．______(n.) 某某
4．______(n.) 抵制
(vt.) 联合抵制
5．______(n.) 歧视；区别
6．______(vt.) 要求
7．______(vi. & n．) 选举；投票；选举权
8．______(n.) 种族；人种；民族
9．______(vt.) 逮捕；拘留；扣留
[答案]
1．prejudice4.boycott 5．discrimination
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．independence→______(adj.)→______(adj.反义词)依赖的
2．race→______(adj.)种族的
3．political→______(n.)→______(n.)政治家
4．religion→______(adj.)虔诚的
5．separation→______(v. & adj.)分离；不同的
6．prison→______(v.)监禁；关押
7．murder→______(n.)杀手
8．civil→______(v.)使开化，使文明，教化→______(n.)文明[答案]
1．independent; dependent3.politics; politician 4．religious
8．civilize; civilization
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．______ first sight 乍一看，初见之下
2．regardless ______ 不理会；不顾
3．fight ______ 同……作斗争，对抗……
4．fight ______ 为……而战
5．struggle ______ 为……而努力
6．start ______ 以……开始
7．______ one’s goal 达到某人的目标
8．from then ______ 从那时起
9．march ______ 向前，继续前进
10．be active ______ 积极参与……，热心于……
11．set ______ 释放(＝release)
[答案]
1．at
7．reach/achieve
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. 他所说的是，黑人不应该被隔离，而是应该和其他人一样受到尊重。

2．There was a time when women had no right to vote, could not go to university or choose their jobs.
曾有一段时期妇女没有选举权，不能上大学或者选择自己的工作。

3．In 1893, New Zealand became the first country in the world to give women the right to vote.
1893年，新西兰成为世界上第一个给妇女选举权的国家。

Ⅴ.重点语法
Review the Passive Voice(复习被动语态)
Ⅰ.词汇聚焦
1．vote n. & v. 选举；投票；选举权
n. [C]
[指点迷津]
vote亦作“建议；提议(某事物)”解，此时不用于被动语态。

We vote (that) we stay here.
我们提议我们呆在这儿。

People in the city ______ the lawyer to be the leader of the mittee, for they thought he could give a correct order of the city.
A. voted against
B. voted on
C. voted for
D. voted with
解析：vote for“投票支持(赞成，推选……)”；vote against“投票反对”；vote on“就……进行表决”，仅C项符合句意。

答案：C
2．forbid v.禁止，不许(forbade, forbidden)
[思维拓展]
forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事
forbid doing sth.禁止做某事
forbid sb. sth.禁止某人(用)某物
forbid that－clause
[指点迷津]
forbid的反义词是allow, permit，其用法与forbid相同。

allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
permit doing sth.允许做某事
①The guard forbade us to look out of the window when the train was moving.
②Smoking is strictly forbidden here.
Tom being in poor health, the doctor ______ him to drink wine.
A. hope
B. demanded
C. forbade
D. prevented
解析：从句子结构可知，所选动词应接不定式作宾补，再根据与动词的搭配hope to do, demand of sb. to do, forbid sb. to do和prevent sb. from doing 可以选出正确答案。

答案：C
3．demand v. & n.要求，需要
[思维拓展]
demand of sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求……
demand to do sth.要求做……
demand sth.要求……
demand that...(should) do sth.(虚拟语气)
in great demand急需
[指点迷津]
demand后不能跟宾补，不用demand sb. to do sth.。

①This problem demands full attention.
②He demanded to be told everything.
They demanded that the books ______ to the school library at once.
A. return
B. should return
C. be returned
D. would be returned
解析：demand后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”，should也可省略，句中的return与books之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动形式。

require, request接宾语从句时用法与其相同。

答案：C
Ⅱ.短语突破
1．at first sight乍一看；初见之下
常见搭配：
lose one’s sight丧失视力
catch sight of突然看见……
lose sight of看不见……
in/within sight在视线之内；看得见
out of sight在视野之外；看不见
have good/bad/poor sight视力好/视力不好
have near/short sight患近视
at the sight of一看见……
At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.
乍看之下，他们的要求似乎是合理的。

The man fell in love with the girl ______.
A. first sight
B. at sight
C. at the first sight
D. at first sight
解析：题意是：那个男人和那个女孩一见钟情。

at first sight是固定短语，不能加the，表“初见之下”之意。

答案：D
2．put sb. in prison把某人投入监狱
[思维拓展]
put sb. in/into prison
(＝send sb. to prison)
(＝take sb. to prison)
(＝throw sb. into prison)
(＝cast sb. into prison)把某人关进监狱
be in prison坐牢
go to prison入狱
e out o
f prison出狱
break out of prison越狱
[指点迷津]
指“监禁状态”时prison前不加冠词，指“监狱”这个场所时应加冠词the。

While he was at ______ college, he took part in political activities, and was soon thrown into ______ prison.
A. the; /
B. /; the
C. /; /
D. the; the
解析：第一空表示“上大学期间”，college前无冠词；第二空表示“被投入监狱”；prison前也不加冠词。

答案：C
3．fight for/struggle for
[思维拓展]
fight for为……而战斗
fight against为反对……而斗争
fight with和……作战，和……一起作战
fight over为……而争吵
struggle for为争取……而斗争
struggle against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggle with与……争斗；和……一起战争
①Man is fighting against pollution.
②England fought with/against Germany in that war.
③People in the world are fighting for their peace.
The Chinese people struggled ______ the Japanese ______ peace for 8 years.
A. for; against
B. against; for
C. with; for
D. against; with
解析：题意为“中国人民为了和平同日本人斗争了8年”，struggle against sb. for sth.意为“为……而同某人进行斗争”。

答案：B
4．set an example to 为……树立榜样
[思维拓展]
set sb. an example为某人树立榜样
follow one’s example向某人学习
take...for example以……为例
for example/instance例如
give an example举例
copy one’s example仿效某人
[指点迷津]
example通常是指在许多事实中选出一个；instance是指一个具体的事例；而在举例说明某一论点或情况时两者无区别。

for example有时可以作插入语使用。

如：We must follow the good example of Lei Feng./This is only one instance out of many./For example (instance), in our factory, the vice －manager is a worker. for example一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”例子，such as用于列举同类人或事物中的“几个”例子，such as总放在所列举事物之前，而for example位置不受限制。

I will show you how to hit the ball and then you must ______ my example.
A. copy
B. listen
C. set
D. make
解析：与example组成的固定搭配有set sb. an example和copy one’s example，由句意可知应该用copy，即“仿效我(的动作)”。

答案：A
5．regardless of不顾，不管
[思维拓展]
in spite of尽管
regardless of不顾，不管
despite不顾，不管
①I went out in spite of snow.
②He came to the meeting despite his illness.
He always did well at school ______ having to do part－time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of
B. regardless
C. on account of
D. in case of
解析：A表示“尽管”；B表示“不管”；C表示“因为”；D表示“假如，万一”，根据题意，A项正确。

答案：A
6．judge by
[思维拓展]
judge...by...以……来判断；从……来看
judge from...从……来看；根据……可以看出
judging from...从……判断
judge sb./sth. to be...认为……
[指点迷津]
英语中常用来作评价性的词句的非谓语动词(短语)，与句子的实际主语之间不存在主动或被动的逻辑关系，常见的有：
Judging by/from; considering; taking...into consideration; supposing; given; to tell you the truth; to be honest; to be brief; generally/frankly/honestly speaking等。

______ from his accent, he must be from the south.
A. Judged
B. Judging
C. To judge
D. Being judged
解析：此处用Judging from“依据……判断”，可将其视为固定短语。

答案：B
Ⅲ.句型归纳
1．There was a time when women had no right to vote, could not go to university or choose their jobs.曾有一段时期妇女们没有选举的权利，不能上大学或者选择自己的工作。

There was a time when...是一个固定句式。

表示“一度，曾经有段时间”。

英语中可以表示“曾经”含义的还有at one time和once。

[指点迷津]
①There was a time when...(引导一个定语从句)
②time跟any, each, every, next, first连用时，属于连词性质，可引导一个时间状语从句。

The first time I came to China, I visited Shanghai.
我第一次来中国时访问了某某。

You can call me any time you want to.
你任何时候都可以给我打。

There was a time ______ they were good friends and almost shared everything.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
解析：本题考查固定句式：There was a time when...，其中的a time为先行词，when引导的是定语从句，when为关系副词。

答案：C
2．His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people.他的主题是黑人不应该被分隔而应该与其他人一样被尊敬地对待。

[指点迷津]
在the same...as, such...as, as...as, so...as等结构中，as引导一个定语从句。

这种定语从句常采用省略形式。

如：
①I have never seen such a lazy man as you.
我从来没有见过像你这样懒的人。

②He is of about the same age as you.
他跟你年龄相当。

③This is the same bag as I lost last week.
这个书包跟上周我丢的那个是一样的。

(the same kind of bag)
④This is the same bag that I lost last week.
这就是我丢的那个书包。

(the very bag)
[注]在the same...as/that中，as引导的定语从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的事物“相似”，是同类事物，that引导的从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的事物是“同一的”，即同一事物。

如：
Our neighbour has ______ ours.
A. as a big house as
B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as
D. a house the same big as
解析：在as...as结构中，前一个as是副词修饰形容词，然后接冠词a/an及名词即：as/so/too/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.; same是形容词，其后只能修饰名词。

答案：B
3．Winning a scholarship gave him the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states, where black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished.获得了学者身份使得他有机会去了北方某州的一所大学，在那里黑人有平等的权利，有如他们所愿的生活、
学习和工作的自由。

该句中的winning a scholarship为动名词短语作主语。

动名词作主语通常表示泛指，经常性的、抽象的动作，而动词不定式作主语多表示特指，一次性的具体的动作。

动名词及不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语。

______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend
B. The president to attend
C. The president attended
D. The president’s attending
解析：由题干结构可知，此句中缺少主语，由于attend的逻辑主语是the president，所以此处应该使用动名词的复合结构。

答案：D
4．What all these groups have in mon is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.所有这些组织的共同点是他们要求不分种族、某某和性别都应该被尊敬地对待，共同分享工作、良好的居住环境和受教育的权利，及其他平等的权利。

[思维拓展]
该句中what...in mon为一个主语从句；that they...or sex为一个表语从句；其中be treated with respect; share the right...及be treated equally 为they ask to之后的并列不定式结构。

She didn’t know ______ her books or ______ for reference.
A. if to sell; to keep them
B. whether to sell; to keep them
C. to sell; to keep them
D. selling; keeping them
解析：因为know之后需要加“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，此时表“是否”含义时只用whether，不用if，故此结构为whether to do sth. or to do sth.。

答案：B。