英语构词法 (2).

考试题型
一．下列句子中有一个黑体字，把它变成表示人名的名词二．在下列单词前加一个前缀，使之变成反义词
三．标出下列抽象名词中的后缀，并译成汉语 10’
四．划出单词的词尾，并说明是什么性质的的词尾
五．将右边栏的定义配上左边栏的词，并将字母写在前面的空格内
六．将所给的后缀各举一例，并译成汉语
七．将所掌握的词头词尾词根的基本意义，猜下列词的词意
八．根据构词法原则，写出下列词头词根的意义
九．根据构词法原则和数词词头的意思翻译句子
─er(─or, ─ar)
reader, actor, scholar
─ee [OE]
employee, trainee
─eer [L.]
engineer, volunteer, pioneer
─ess
actress ,authoress
─ist [GK]
dentist, pianist, atheist
─(i)ster [OE]
youngster, wordster, palmister
─(ic)ian
academician, musician
─ant
servant, merchant
─ard [OE]
drunkard, coward
─ese
Chinese, Hunanese
─ian
Christian, Arabian
─crat
Eurocrat, technocrat,
─nik
peacenik, jazznik
─n
American, African
─ette
cigarette, statuette, roomette
─kin
lambkin, manikin, prince kin
─let
kinglet, booklet, ringlet
─ling
duckling, prince ling, birdling ─en
maiden, chicken, kitten
─el
parcel,
model,
citadel
─et
floweret, islet, tag let
─cle
particle, molicle
─(e)teria
fruiteria, grocerteria
二．加前缀法.表示否定的前缀:
A.纯粹表示否定的有：
a-,dis-,in-,non-,un-;
B.表示“错误”的有：mis-
C.表示“反动作”的有：
de-,dis-,un-
D.表示“反对”的有：
anti-,contra-,counter-
atypical
amoral
atheism 无神论
asexual 无性别的
anonymous
在辅音h(不发音)之前也用an-:
anarchism
无政府主义
dishonest
disagree
disallow 不许，拒绝
discourage
disforest 砍伐树林
dissolve
dispel 驱散
inhuman不人道的
illegal
Immoral
irresponsible
irresistible 不可抵抗
nonconductor 非导体
nonmetal 非金属的
nonstop
non-standard 不标准的
unhappy
uncomfortable
unsystematic
无系统的
unlimited
unworldly
非现世的
uneducated
Uncivilized未开化的
misbehave
行为不当
misprint
misplay
(球类等运动中)失误
misleading
devaluation
贬值
de-表示“remove from”
deport
驱逐出境
deforest
砍伐森林
degas 排气消除毒气
unbutton 解纽扣
uncover 揭开盖子
untomb从坟墓中掘出
antipathy 憎恶
anti-Japanese war 抗日战争
antidote 解毒药
antacid 防酸剂
Antarctic 南极
contradict
反驳 ,同…相矛盾
contrary 相反的
counteract 还手
counterplot 将计就计
counterview 反对意见
retroact 倒行,起反作用
retrospect 回顾 retrogress
倒退
三．抽象名词词尾
•─age
•marriage, shortage, postage
•─al
•approval, denial, refusal
•─ance
•assistance, elegance,brilliance
•─cy
•accuracy, Intimacybankrupcy
•─dom
•freedom, wisdom, filmdom
•─ful
•glassful, handful, houseful
•─hood
•fatherhood, Childhoodneighborhood
•─ing
•bedding, learning, washing
•─ism
•Marxism, socialism, Londonism
•─ity (-ty)
•curiosity, majority, unity,
•safety
•─ment
•argument, development, instrument
•─ness
•friendliness, goodness, carelessness •─ship
•authorship, citizenship, leadership
•─ure
•failure, departure, closure, exposure ---ery, --ry
•robbery, greenery, nursery
surgery, slavery, poultry, poetry
•─®ama
•telerama, cinerama
•─itis
•appendicitis(阑尾炎)odontitis(牙炎)，
neuritis（神经炎）
•─th
•growth, warmth, fourth
四．单词词尾
☐加否定前缀“in- (及其变体)”, ‘‘non-, un-” 构成下列单词的反义词:
☐1. im mature 2. ir regular
☐3. in considerate 4. ig noble
☐5. non-contentious
☐6. il legitimate
☐7. non-metal
☐8. im passive
☐9. non-ferrous
☐10. in accuracy
☐11. un endurable
☐12. in variance
☐13. non-inductive
☐14. il legible
☐15. un reasonable
☐16. ir rational
☐17. un scrupulous
☐18. non-staple
☐19. im balance
☐20. il legalize
☐写出下列单词中前缀的意思:
☐1. ante cedent 2. by product
☐3. in clude 4. intra mural
☐5. intro spect 6. post graduate
☐7. pre cede 8. retro spect
☐9. super man 10. pro ceed
☐11. sub scribe 12. trans mit
☐13. ultra-red 14. a pocope
Ex. 2写出表示数目的希腊语前缀和拉丁语前缀:
☐希腊语前缀拉丁语前缀
☐half hemi- demi-, semi-,
☐one mono- uni-,
☐two di-, duo-, bi-
☐three tri-
☐four
☐five
☐six
☐seven
☐eight
☐nine
☐ten
☐hundred
☐thousand
将右边栏里的定义配上左边栏里的词, 并将字母在前面的空格
内 :
☐1. ___ audio logy a. the study of speech sound
☐2.___ audiometer b. an instrument used to
make weak sounds louder
☐3. ___ chronometer c. the science of hearing
☐4. ___ microphone d. in instrument for
measuring time accurately
☐5. ___ phonology e. an instrument for
measuring hearing
☐6. __ superscript a. the examination
of one’s own thought
☐7. __ transmit b. to draw a line
around
☐8. __ supervisor c. to send from one
person or place to another ☐9. __ circumscribe d. a boss
☐10. __ introspection e. letter or
something written above ☐11. __ manual a. the belief that there is only
one god
☐12. __ monogamy b. the science or study of religious truth
☐13. __ monotheism c. giving no name
☐14. __ theology d. done by the hand or
hands
☐15. __ anonymous e. the practice or condition of
having one
marriage partner
☐16. __ archenemy a. a mistake in printing
☐17. __ sympathy b. the chief bishop
☐18. __ archbishop c. a hearer or
listener
☐19. __ auditor d. a chief or main
opponent
☐20.__ misprint e. agreement in feelings between persons
☐21. __ corpse a. a passage to one side
☐22. __ decapitate b. fat; large of
body
☐23. __ corpulent c. to cut off the
head of
☐24. __ bypass d. a dead body
☐25. __ portage e. fat; large of body
☐26. __ biology a. believe it
☐27. __ credit b. the study of science
☐28.__ uniform c. throw away
☐29.__ retrogress d. go back
☐30.__ eject e. one form
☐31. __ corpse a. a passage to one side
☐32. __ decapitate b. fat; large of body
☐33. __ corpulent c. to cut off the head of
☐34. __ bypass d. a dead body
☐35. __ portage e. fat; large of body
☐36. __biology a. believe it
☐37.__credit b. the study of science
☐38.__uniform c. throw away
☐39.__retrogress d. go back
☐40.__eject e. one form
根据所掌握的词头、词根、词尾的基本意义，猜出划线部分单词
或词组的意思。

☐( ) 1. To apply to some universities, you must fill
out the application form and include a short
autobiography.
a. Sample of your writing
b. account of your life written by
you
c. list of schools you have attended
☐( ) 2. Whatever his mothers, Jim always contradicts
her.
a. says something against
b. says something for
c. says something to help her
☐( ) 1. But suddenly they became the parents of
quintuplets , four girl and a boy, an event which quickly changed their lives.
☐a. five children at one birth
☐b. one child at one birth
☐c. four children at one birth
☐( ) 2. The first thing Jim did when he got off the train
was to look for a porter.
a. one who sells tickets
b. taxi
c. one who carries luggage
☐( ) 3. The country was ruled by monarch for 500 years.
a. king or queen
b. single family
c. group of oldest citizens
☐( ) 4. If a man is a bigamist, he ______________.
a. has two children
b. will never marry
c. is married to two women
☐( ) 5. He says he is an atheist.
a. one who believes in one god
b. one who believes in no god
c. one who believes in many gods
☐( ) 6. DR. Swanson has written articles about
interstellar travels.
a. under water
b. high speed
c.
outer space
☐( ) 7. “Disorientation” means ____________________.
a. losing the sense of direction
b. having the sense of direction
c. knowing the sense of direction quite well
☐( ) 8. “Anti-smoking” means ____________________.
☐ a. for smoking b. neither for nor
against smoking
☐ c. against smoking b. a long stick
☐ ( ) 9. In retrospect, we would have been wise to leave
our money in the bank.
a. looking forward
b. looking around
c. looking back( ) 8. He lost his
spectacles.
☐( ) 10. An astronaut is a person who travels in a
_____________.
a. train
b. spaceship
c. boat
☐( )11. If something is immoral, it will never
_________________.
a. live
b. move
c. die
☐( ) 12. Janet is interested in autographs of famous people.
a. pictures
b. personalities
c. signatures
☐( ) 13. An asterisk is a written symbol which looks
like ___________.
a. /
b. *
c. @
☐(. ) 14. An astronaut is a person who travels in a
____________.
☐ a. train b. spaceship
c. boat
☐( ) 15. What are the clothes that nurses, policemen
and soldiers wear called?
☐ a. uniform b. jacket c.
suit
☐( ) 16. How many years are there in a decade?
☐ a. 12 b. 10 c. 5
☐( ) 17. “Anti-smoking” means ____________________.
☐ a. for smoking b. neither for nor
against smoking c. against smoking
☐( ) 18. How many angles are there in a triangle?
☐ a. four b. two c.
three
☐( ) 19. Which of the following pairs of words are antonyms?
☐ a. see, sea b. wet, dry c.
big, large
☐( ) 7. In retrospect, we would have been wise to leave
our money in the bank.
a. looking forward
b. looking around
c. looking back( )
8. He lost his spectacles.
☐a. glasses b. shoes c. pants
☐( ) 3. He inspected their works.
a. spoke highly
b. examined closely
c. did not examine
☐( ) 4. I’m going to buy a microbus.
a. big bus
b. small bus
c.medium-sized bus
☐( ) 5. He lived a hard life in pre-liberation days.
a. before liberation
b. after liberation
c. since liberation
☐( ）6.He was interested in anthropology.
☐a.the study of apes b. the study of insects c.
the study of man
☐( ) 7.He misunderstood me.
☐a. understood wrongly b. understood rightly c.
did not understand
☐( ) 8.A multi-storeyed building is a building which
has ____________.
☐a. many storeys b. one storey c.
three storeys
6. The policeman used a microphone.
b. a long stick
c. an instrument to make his voice
loud
) 7. In retrospect, we would have been wise to leave our
money in the bank.
b. looking around
c. looking back)
☐( ) 9. This is an imported Japanese car.
☐a. sold cars to Japan b. bought cars from Japan c. did
not buy cars from Japan
☐( )10. Dr. Johnson has written articles about
interstellar travel.
a. outer space b under-water
c. long distance
根据构词法的原则写出下列黑体字的意思:
☐1. A unicycle has only ___________ wheel.
☐2. If you are unemployed, you are ______ employed.
☐3. A bilateral talk refers to a talk affecting _________ sides or parties.
☐4. If you submerge an object, you put it _________________ water
☐5. An anti-tank weapon is a weapon ______ tank.
☐6. If you have auditory trouble, you have trouble in the __________________.
☐7. What he has said is illogical. Here illogical means _____________________.
☐8. An irregular verb is a verb which is ____________ regular.
☐9. A predictor is one who can _____________ something in advance.
☐10. A preposition comes __________________ a noun.
☐11. If they are co-producers, they produce something _______________.
☐12. A supermarket is a ____________ self-service store selling food, househood goods, etc.
☐13. Supersonic speed is the speed which is ___________ than the speed of sound.
☐14. Interstate trade is trade _____________ state. ☐15. A multimillionaire is a person who has __________ millions of dollars.
☐16. A hydrometer is an instrument which is used to measure the proportion of ____________ .
☐17. If they are co-authors, they write something
_______________.
☐18. Geochronology is the science of the ages of the
_______________.
☐19. Ultra-sonic speed is the speed which is ___________ than the speed of sound.
☐20. Trilogy is a series of or groups ________ related novels, plays, etc.
☐11. A non-conductor is a substance that does ____ conduct heat or electric current.
☐12. If you are unemployed, you are ______ employed. ☐13. A manuscript is the first or only copy of a book or a piece of writing, especially written by
__________________.
☐14. If you submerge an object, you put it
_________________ water.
☐15. A transatlantic trip is a trip that goes _____________ the Atlantic Ocean.
☐16. Intra-family affairs are the affairs _______________ the family.
☐17. If they are co-producers, they produce something
_______________.
☐18. A supermarket is a ____________ self-service store selling food, household goods, etc.
☐19. Supersonic speed is the speed which is ___________ than the speed of sound.
☐20. Ante-Christmas means __________________ Christmas. vocabulary
-------- stem(词根)
-ag-
⏹-ag-= do, act 做, 动
ag ent ag ency
co-agent agenda
-agri-
⏹-agri-=field 田地 ,农田
agri culture; agri culturist
agri-motor; agro chemicals
-am-
⏹-am-= love (爱,亲爱)
amicable
amiable
-anim-
⏹-anim-=life,mind心灵,精神,生命
animal
anim ate
-anni-,( -enni-)
⏹-ann-=year 年
anni vers ary; ann ual
a cent ennial pine; semi annual
-astro-,(-aster-)
⏹ astro,-aster- =star (星)
astronomy; astr ology
astr al; dis aster
-audi-,(-audit-)
⏹audi=hear 听
audi ence audible
audi ology audi ometry
-bell-
⏹bell=war 战争
re bell ion bell icose
bell igerent
-bio-,(-bi-)
⏹bio=life 生命,生物
biology anti bio tic
bio cide
bioelectricity
-brev-
⏹-brev-=short 短
brev ity ab brev iate
breve
-cede-,(-ceed-, -cess-)
⏹-cede-=go, （行走）
pre ced ent，suc cess or precede, ex ceed
-cent-
⏹Cent-百，百分之一
centi meter，cent centi grade,
a cent enn ial pine
-cept-
-cept--=take 拿,取
ex cept, ac cept
inter cept, in cept
-center-, -centr-
⏹-centr-=center中心
con centr ate centri fugal
-cide-, (-cis-)
⏹-cide-, -cis-= cut,kill杀,切
sui cide bacteri cide
de cide decidable
-circ-
⏹-circ-=ring (环,圆)
circle, semi circ le
circular, circlet
circu it
-claim-,-clam-
⏹-claim-,-clam-=cry,shout 喊叫
exclaim pro claim
ac claim clamour
-clar-
⏹-clar-=clear 清楚 ,明白
de clare
clar ify
clar ity
-clud-
⏹-clud-=close,shut 关闭
ex clud e
in clud e
con clud e
recluse
-cogn-
⏹-cogn-=know 知道
re cogn ize cogn itive
recognition recogniz able
-cord-
⏹-cord-=heart,mind 心
cord ial, dis cord
re cord, ac cord
-corpor-,(-corp-)
⏹-corpor-=body 身(尸)体
corpor al corpor eal
corpse corp u lent
-cosm-
⏹-cosm-= universe
⏹宇宙 ,世界
cosm ic cosmos
-cred-
⏹-cred-=believe, trust 相信
cred ibil ity
cred it card
in cred ible=un belie vable
-cur- =care 关心挂念注意
security
insecure
curious
cur, curs, cour, cours=run跑
oc cur rence
cur rent
oc cur
ex cur se
-cycl-
⏹cycl=圆,环
bicycle
cylone
-di-
⏹di=day 日
di ary, diarist
meri di an(正午，子午线)
-dict –(-dic-)
⏹-dict – (-dic-)=say (说)
contra dict, dict ate
pre dict, bene dict ion
-dit-
⏹-dit-=give 给
tra dit ion e dit
editor
-duc-,-duct-
⏹-duc-,-duct-=lead 引导
intro duc e in duc e
e duc ate pro duc e
-ed-
⏹-ed-=eat 吃
⏹ed ible, in ed ible edibility, ed acity
-fact-
⏹fact=do,make 做, 作
factory malefactor
manufacture
benefactor
-fer-
⏹fer=bring,carry 带,拿
confer, differ transfer, offer
ferry, prefer
-flu-
⏹flu=flow 流
fluent, fluid
in flu enza, confluent
-fus-
⏹fus=pour 灌,流,倾泻
refuse , confuse
transfuse, infuse
-form-
⏹form=形式,外形
transform formula
uni form
-fract-, -frag-
-fract-, -frag-=break
⏹fract, frag 破,折
fraction fragile
-gen-
gen- =起源
⏹generate genetic
-geo-
⏹geo=earth 地球,土地
geo graphy geo logy
-grad-
⏹grad=step,go,grade 走,步,级
gradual grad uate
retro grade de grad e
-gram-
⏹gram=write,something written or drawn
写 ,画,文字,图画
grammar dia gram
pro gram gram
-graph-
graph=write,writing,an instrument for making records 写,画,文字,图形,记录器photograph, auto graph
tele graph
-gress-
⏹gress=go,walk 行走
pro gress, retro gress
con gress, ag gress
-hap-
⏹hap=chance, luck,
⏹accident 机会,运气,偶发
happen mis hap
happy per haps
-hospit-
⏹hospit=guest 客人
hospit al hospit able
hostage hostel
-insul-
⏹insul=island 岛
pen insul a insul ar, insul ation
insul in
-it-
⏹it=go 走
ex it in it ial
trans it circu it
-hydra-
⏹hydra=water 水
hydra ulic
hydr ant,
de hydr ation
-ject-
⏹ject=throw 投掷
eject pro ject
ab ject inject
junct-
⏹junct- 连接, 结合
con junct ion ad junct
-graph-
⏹graph- = 写，画，记录
⏹photograph, autograph
telegraph
-lect-,-leg-,-lig-
⏹lect=choose,gather 选,收
elect select
col lect e lig ible
-lev-
⏹lev=raise 举,升
e lev ator elevate
lev er leverage
-liber-
⏹liber=free 自由
liber ate liber ty pre liber ation liber alist
-lingu-
⏹lingu=language 语言
lingu ist bi lingu al
lingu a phon e lingu istics
-liter-
⏹liter=letter 文字,字母
liter ate literacy
tri liter al illiterate
-loc-
⏹loc=place 地方
loc al loc ate
col loc ate
-log-
⏹log=speak 言, 说
dia log ue log ic
mono log ist pseud ology
-loqu-
⏹loqu= speak 言,说
e loqu ent col loqu ial
eloquence
-lun-
⏹lun=moon 月亮
lun ar，circum lunar semi-lunar，
superlunar
-man(u)-
⏹manu=hand 手
manu script manu al
manufacture
-medi-
⏹medi=middle 中间
im medi ate medium
Mediterranean
-memor-
⏹memor=memor y,
⏹mindful 记忆,记住的
memory memor ial
remember misremember
-milit-
⏹milit=soldier 兵
milit ary milit ant
milit ia de militarize
-mini-
⏹mini=small,little 小,少
minority diminish
mini ster mini mize
-mob-,-mot-,-mov-移动
mobile motion im mov able
-mort-
⏹mort=death 死
mortal im mort al
mort ician mort uary
-nov-
⏹nov=new 新
novel novelty
in nov ate re nov ation -numer-
⏹-numer-=number 数
numeral numerous
innumerable
-oper -
⏹oper=work 工作
operate co-operate
operation cooperation
-opt-
⏹ opt 视线,光线
optic opt ics
-ori -
⏹ori=rise 升起
orient oriental
dis orient origin
-path-
⏹path 感情 ,苦楚,疾病
sym pathy pathetic
-pel-
⏹pel=push,drive 推,逐,驱
expel repel
propel dispel
-pend-
⏹pend=hang 悬挂
depend pendent
pending suspend
-phon-
⏹phon=sound 声音
microphone telephone
videophone symphony
-plen-
⏹plen=full 满,全
plenty plent itude plenary pleni lun e
-pon-,-pos-
⏹pon=put 放置
post pone position
com pon ent
propone
-popul-
⏹popul=people 人民
popul ation popul ous
popul ar popular ity
-port-
⏹port=carry 拿,带,运
portable porter
transport porter
-preci-
⏹preci=price 价值
preci ous de preci ate
ap preci ation
-prim-
⏹prim=first 第一,首要
primary primitive
-psych-
⏹-Psych-=mind 精神
psych ology psych ic
-pur-
⏹pur=pure 清,纯,净
purify， Purit an
de pur ate，impurity
-rect-
⏹rect=right,straight 正,直
erect，cor rect
rect ify，rect angle
-rid-,-ris-
⏹rid,ris 笑
ridicule derision
-rupt-
⏹rupt=break 破
rupt ure inter rupt
ir rupt， dis rupt
-scend-,-scens-,-scent-
⏹scend,scens,scent 爬
ascend descent
-sci-
⏹sci=know 知
science conscious
-sens-,-sent-
⏹sent,sens=feel 感觉
sensation sentiment
consenter resent
-sol-
⏹sol=sun 太阳
solar parasol
-sid-
⏹sid=sit 坐
preside president
reside resident
-son-
⏹son=sound 声音
sonic super son ic unison ultrasonic -spect-
⏹spect=look 看
spect acle pro spect
in spect expect
-spir-
⏹spir=breathe 呼吸
conspire inspire
spir it perspiration
-tact-,-tang-,-tag-
⏹tact,tang,tag=接触
intact tangible
-tail-
⏹tail=cut 切,割
tailor retail -tain-,-ten-,-tin-
⏹tain,ten,tin=hold握,持
contain obtain
sustain obtainable
-tect-
⏹tect=cover掩,盖
delect detective
-tele-
⏹tele=far 远
telecontrol telescope
teleram television
-tempor-
⏹tempor=time 时
tempor ary con tempor ary tempor ize
-tend-
⏹tend,tens,tent=stretch 伸
extend extensive
extension extensible
-text-
⏹text=weave 编织
textile texture
-therm-
⏹therm= 热
thermal thermometer
-tor-
⏹tor,tort 扭,扭转
torsion distortion
-tract-
⏹tract 拖,拉,吸引
attract attractive
-un-,-uni-
⏹un=one 一
unite union
unify uniform
-urb-
⏹urb=city 城市
suburb suburban
interurban
-ut-
⏹ut=use 用
utility utilize
utensil
-vac-
⏹vac,van=empty 空
vacation vacant
vanity evacuate
-vari-
⏹vari=change 变化
various vary
variant invariant
-ven-
⏹ven=come 来
inter vene pre vent event
-vert-,-vers-
⏹vert,vers=trun 转
adverse，subvert
reverse，introvert
anni vers ary
-vid-,-vis-
⏹vid,vis=see 看
evident visible
invisible televise
-vit-,-viv-
⏹vit=life 生命
vital, vitamine, vitality
⏹viv=live 活
survival, revive, vivid
-volv-
⏹volv= 滚动
revolve involve
-wis-,-wit-=知道
wisdom, witty
⏹-ag-
⏹= do, act 做, 动
⏹ag ent
⏹ag ency
⏹agenda
-agri-
⏹-agri-
⏹=field 田地 ,农田
⏹agri culture;
⏹agri culturist
⏹agri-motor;
-anni-,( -enni-)
⏹-ann-
⏹=year 年
⏹ anni vers ary;
⏹ann ual
⏹semi annual
-astro-,(-aster-)
⏹ =star (星)
⏹astronomy;
⏹astr ology
⏹ astr al;
⏹dis aster
-audi-,(-audit-)
⏹audi-
⏹=hear 听
⏹audi ence
⏹audible
⏹audi ology
-bio-,(-bi-)
⏹bio-
⏹=life 生命,生物
⏹ biology
⏹anti bio tic
-brev-
⏹-brev-=short 短
⏹ brev ity
⏹ab brev iate -cede-,(-ceed-, -cess-) ⏹=go, （行走）
⏹ pre ced ent，
⏹suc cess or
⏹precede
-cent-
⏹100, 百，百分之一
⏹centi meter，
⏹cent
⏹centi grade,
-cept-
-cept-
=take 拿,取
ex cept,
ac cept
inter cept
-center-, -centr-
⏹-centr-
⏹=center中心
⏹ con centr ate
-cide-, (-cis-)
⏹= cut, kill,杀,切
⏹ sui cide
⏹bacteri cide
-circ-
⏹=ring (环,圆)
⏹ semi circ le
⏹ circular
⏹circu it
-claim-,-clam-
⏹=cry, shout 喊叫
⏹ exclaim
⏹pro claim
-clar-
⏹=clear 清楚 ,明白
⏹de clare
⏹ clar ify
•-clud-, -clus-
⏹=close, shut
关闭
⏹ ex clud e ⏹ in clud e
-cogn-
⏹=know 知道
⏹ re cogn ize
⏹cogn itive
⏹recogniz able
-cord-
⏹=heart, mind
⏹心, 心智
⏹cord ial
⏹dis cord
⏹re cord
-corpor-, (-corp-)
=body
身(尸)体
⏹corpor al
⏹corpse
⏹corp u lent
-cosm-
⏹= universe
⏹宇宙 ,世界
⏹cosm ic
⏹cosmos
-cred-
⏹=believe, trust
⏹相信
⏹cred ibil ity
⏹ in cred ible
⏹=un belie vable
-cycl-
⏹=圆,环
⏹ bicycle ⏹cyclone
-dict –(-dic-)
⏹=say
⏹(说)
⏹contra dict,
⏹pre dict,
⏹bene dict ion
-duc-,-duct-
⏹=lead
⏹引导
⏹intro duc e
⏹e duc ate
⏹pro duct
-ed-
⏹=eat 吃
⏹ed ible,
⏹in ed ible ⏹edibility,
⏹ed acity
-fact-
⏹=do,make
⏹做, 作
⏹malefactor
⏹benefactor
⏹manufacture
⏹fact
-fer-
⏹=bring,carry
⏹带,拿
⏹ confer,
⏹ transfer,
-flu-
⏹=flow
⏹流
⏹fluent,
⏹fluid
⏹in flu enza
-fus-
⏹=pour
⏹灌,流,倾泻
⏹refuse
⏹confuse
⏹transfuse
-form-
⏹=形式,外形
⏹transform
⏹formula
⏹uni form
-gen-
⏹ =起源
⏹generate
⏹genetic
-geo-
⏹=earth
⏹地球,土地
⏹geo graphy
⏹geo logy
-grad-
⏹=step, go, grade
⏹走,步,级
⏹gradual
⏹grad uate
⏹retro grade
⏹de grad e
-graph-
⏹=write, writing, an instrument for making records
⏹写,画,文字,图形,记录器
⏹photograph,
⏹auto graph
⏹ tele graph
-gress-
⏹=go, walk 行走
⏹pro gress,
⏹retro gress
⏹con gress,
⏹ag gress
-hospit-
⏹=guest 客人
⏹hospit al
⏹Hospit able
⏹hostage
-insul-
⏹=island 岛
⏹pen insul a
⏹insul ar,
⏹insul ation
-it-
⏹=go 走
⏹ex it
⏹trans it
⏹circu it
-hydra-
⏹=water 水
⏹hydra ulic ⏹hydr ant,
⏹ de hydr ation
-ject-
⏹=throw
⏹投掷
⏹eject
⏹pro ject
⏹injection
-junct-
⏹=join
⏹连接, 结合
⏹con junct ion
⏹ad junct
-lect-, -leg-, -lig-
⏹=choose, gather
⏹选,收集
⏹elect
⏹col lect
⏹elig ible
⏹young men
-lev-
⏹=raise
⏹举,升
⏹elevate
⏹lev er
⏹leverage
-liber-
⏹=free
⏹自由
⏹liber ate
⏹liber ty
⏹pre liber ation
-lingu-
⏹=language
⏹语言
⏹lingu ist
⏹bi lingu al
⏹lingu istics
-liter-
⏹=letter
⏹文字,字母
⏹liter ate
⏹Literacy
⏹illiterate
-loc-
⏹=place
⏹地方
⏹loc al ⏹Loc ate
⏹col loc ate -log-
⏹=speak
⏹言, 说
⏹dia log ue
⏹log ic
⏹mono log ist
⏹pseudo logy
-lun-
⏹=moon 月亮
⏹lun ar，
⏹circum lunar ⏹semi-lunar，
⏹superlunar
-man(u)-
⏹=hand
⏹手
⏹manu script
⏹manu al
⏹manufacture
-medi-
⏹=middle 中间
⏹im medi ate
⏹medium
⏹Mediterranean
-memor-
⏹=memor y, mindful
⏹记忆,记住的
⏹memor ial
⏹remember
-milit-
⏹milit=soldier 兵
⏹milit ary
⏹milit ia
⏹de militarize
-mini-
⏹=small, little
⏹小,少
⏹ minority
⏹mini ster
⏹mini mize
-mob-,-mot-,-mov-
⏹=move 移动
⏹mobile
⏹motion
⏹im mov able
-mort-
⏹=death 死
⏹mortal
⏹im mort al
⏹mort ician
⏹mort uary
-nov-
⏹=new 新
⏹novelty
⏹in nov ate ⏹re nov ation
-numer-
⏹=number 数
⏹ numeral
⏹numerous
⏹innumerable
-oper -
⏹=work
⏹工作
⏹operate
⏹co-operate
⏹co-operation
-opt-
⏹视线,光线
⏹ optic
⏹opt ics
-ori -
⏹=rise
⏹升起
⏹oriental
⏹dis orient
⏹origin
-path-
⏹path 感情
⏹sym pathy
⏹pathetic
⏹antipathy
-pel-
⏹=push, drive
⏹推,逐,驱
⏹ expel
⏹ repel
⏹propel
⏹dispel
-pend-
⏹=hang
⏹悬挂
⏹depend
⏹pendent
⏹suspend
-phon-
⏹=sound
⏹声音
⏹microphone
⏹telephone
⏹symphony
-plen-
⏹=full
⏹满,全
⏹plenty ⏹plent itude
⏹plenary -pon-,-pos-
⏹=put
⏹放置
⏹post pone
⏹position
⏹com pon ent
-popul-
⏹=people 人
⏹popul ation
⏹popul ous
⏹popul ar
⏹popular ity
-port-
⏹=carry 拿,带,运
⏹portable
⏹porter
⏹transport
-preci-
⏹=price
⏹价值
⏹preci ous ⏹De preci ate
⏹ap preci ation
-prim-
⏹=first
⏹第一,首要
⏹primary
⏹primitive
-psych-
⏹=mind
⏹精神, 心智
⏹psych ology ⏹psych ic
-pur-
⏹=pure
⏹清,纯,净
⏹purify，
⏹Purit an
⏹de pur ate，
⏹impurity
-rect-
⏹=right, straight
⏹正,直
⏹erect，
⏹cor rect
⏹rect ify，
⏹rect angle
-rupt-
⏹=break
⏹破
⏹rupt ure
⏹Inter rupt
⏹ir rupt，
⏹dis rupt
-scend-,-scens-,-scent-
⏹=爬
⏹ascend
⏹descent
-sens-,-sent-
⏹=feel 感觉
⏹sensation
⏹Sentiment
⏹consenter
⏹resent
-sol-
⏹=sun
⏹太阳
⏹solar
⏹parasol
-sid-
⏹=sit
⏹坐
⏹preside
⏹president
⏹resident
-son-
⏹=sound 声音
⏹sonic
⏹super son ic
⏹unison
⏹ultrasonic
-spect-
⏹=look 看
⏹spect acles=glasses ⏹pro spect
⏹in spect
⏹expect
-spir-
⏹=breathe
⏹呼吸
⏹conspire
⏹Inspire
⏹spir it
⏹perspiration
-tact-,-tang-,-tag-
⏹=touch
⏹接触
⏹intact
⏹tangible
-tail-
⏹=cut
⏹切,割
⏹tailor ⏹retail
-tain-,-ten-,-tin-
⏹=hold
⏹握,持
⏹contain
⏹obtain
⏹sustain
⏹obtainable
-tempor-
⏹=time
⏹时间
⏹tempor ary
⏹con tempor ary
⏹tempor ize
-tend-，-tens-
⏹=stretch
⏹伸展
⏹extend
⏹extensive
⏹extension
⏹extensible
-text-
⏹=weave
⏹编织
⏹textile
⏹texture
-therm-
⏹= hot 热的
⏹ thermal
⏹thermometer
-tor-，-tort-
⏹=扭,扭转
⏹torsion
⏹distortion
-tract-
⏹ =draw
⏹拖,拉,吸引
⏹attract
⏹attractive
-urb-
⏹=city 城市
⏹suburb
⏹suburban
⏹interurban
-ut-
⏹=use 用
⏹utility
⏹utilize
⏹utensil
-vac-, -van-
⏹=empty
⏹空
⏹vacation
⏹vacant
⏹evacuate
-vari-
⏹=change
⏹变化
⏹various
⏹variant
⏹invariant
-ven-
⏹=come
⏹来
⏹inter vene ⏹pre vent
⏹event
-vert-,-vers-
⏹=turn 转
⏹advertise，
⏹subvert
⏹reverse，
⏹Introvert
⏹anni vers ary
-vid-,-vis-
⏹=see 看
⏹evident
⏹visible
⏹invisible
⏹televise
-vit-,-viv-
⏹-vit-
⏹=life 生命
⏹vital,
⏹vitamin,
⏹vitality
⏹-viv-
⏹=live
⏹生活
⏹ survival,
⏹revive,
⏹vivid
-volv-
⏹=roll
⏹滚动
⏹revolve
⏹involve
-wis-,-wit-
⏹=知道
⏹wisdom,
⏹witty
Suffixation
•Suffixation (后缀法) is the formation of new words by adding suffixes(后缀，词尾 ) to stems（词干）. Suffixes: Meaning Examples
(… 人)
•─er(─or, ─ar) [OE]
•reader,
•actor,
•scholar
•─ee [OE]
•employee,
•trainee
•─eer [L.]
•engineer,
•volunteer,
•pioneer
•─ess
•actress ,
•authoress。